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101-417: Born Maurice Félix Thomas in the Épinettes district ( 17th arrondissement of Paris ), his father was a wholesaler. As a young man, Maurice Thomas first trained as a graphic designer and a magazine illustrator but was soon drawn to the theater. In 1904, he married the actress Fernande Petit. They had a son, Jacques (1904–1977), who would follow his father into the film industry, establishing his own reputation as

202-511: A 1949 automobile accident in which he was seriously injured and lost a leg. Health and age prevented him from directing more films, but a voracious reader and a skilled hobby artist, he kept busy painting and translating detective novels from English into French. After his death in 1961, Maurice Tourneur was interred in the Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris. Maurice Tourneur was honored with

303-796: A Quaker she lost her connection with the Society of Friends . Throughout her life she retained the Quaker simplicity of life and dress . John Caine, a blacksmith , came from the Isle of Man . In the absence of work he emigrated to Liverpool , where he trained as a shipsmith . At the time of Caine's birth, he was working temporarily in Runcorn docks . Within a few months the family were back in Liverpool , where Caine spent his childhood and youth. They rented rooms at 14 Rhyl Street, Toxteth , convenient for Liverpool Docks and within

404-470: A bedroom with his younger brother John, a shipping clerk. John contracted tuberculosis which he passed to his brother. By 1875 Caine had permanent lodgings in New Brighton , spending weekends there "for the sake of his health". Caine became increasingly unwell from the beginning of January 1877. In April the same year John, died from tuberculosis , aged 21. Dangerously ill, Caine was terrified of suffering

505-508: A child. At the end of October 1883, with enough money to last about four months Caine, accompanied by Mary, went to the Isle of Wight where he rented Vectis Cottage, close to the cliffs and sea near Sandown . There he set to work writing his first novel The Shadow of a Crime . Inspired by his Cumbrian heritage the plot was based on one of the oldest legends of the Lake District, told to him by his grandfather, Ralph Hall. In it he uses

606-521: A closer and truer view of humanity...” - Maurice Tourneur in Shadowland , May 1920. Tourneur admired D.W. Griffith and considered the skill level of American actors at the time ahead of their counterparts in Europe . Of the actresses he worked with, he called Mary Pickford the finest screen actress in the world and believed that stage actress Elsie Ferguson was a brilliant artist. However, Tourneur opposed

707-483: A copy of the magazine to the poet Rossetti, who by that time had become a virtual recluse and was "ravaged by years of addiction to chloral and too much whisky". Rossetti wrote his first letter to Caine on 29 July 1879. This letter was the first of nearly two hundred in quick succession. Around this time Caine's father was badly injured in an accident at work and Caine took responsibility for supporting his parents and siblings. Early in 1880 he wrote Stones Crying Out ,

808-441: A director of American films in the 1940s and 1950s. Using the stage name Maurice Tourneur, he began his show business career performing in secondary roles on stage and eventually toured England and South America as part of the theater company for the great star Gabrielle Réjane . Drawn to the new art of filmmaking, in 1911 he began working as an assistant director for the Éclair company. A quick learner and an innovator, within

909-469: A distant relative of William Ewart Gladstone . On 10 December 1868, the day of the general election when Gladstone was to be elected as Prime Minister, Caine was running to offices in Union Court, belonging to Gladstone's brother, with telegrams announcing the results of the contests all over the country. Caine was breaking the news of great majorities before Gladstone had time to open his telegrams. Caine

1010-489: A draughtsman and partly from a desire to be moving on" Caine left his employment with Murray and joined the office of Richard Owen and later Wainwright and Son. For a few years he was general assistant to a builder, James Bromley who became his friend. Together with William Tirebuck and George Rose, his friends from school days, Caine applied himself to establishing Liverpool branches of the Shakespeare Society, and

1111-447: A former industrial district gone residential, which is mainly middle class and also experiencing a less advanced gentrification process. The town hall of the 17th arrondissement is on the Rue des Batignolles. It is the only town hall of Paris to be located in a modern building. The original building was torn down in 1971 to make room for the current edifice. The 17th arrondissement also hosts

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1212-506: A frequent visitor to Ruskin's Coniston home, Brantwood . Following the death of James Teare in December 1871, Caine carved a headstone for the grave. After officially taking his place as schoolmaster, he also performed the extra unpaid services his uncle had provided, "such as the making of wills for farmers round about, the drafting of agreement and leases, the writing of messages to banks protesting against crushing interest, and occasionally

1313-401: A juvenile attempt to establish a monthly manuscript magazine, assisted by Tirebuck's sister. Tirebuck was editor, printer, publisher and postman; Caine was principal author. One of the magazine's contributors inherited a small fortune which he invested. About ten thousand copies were printed, followed by a delayed issue no.2. After this venture Tirebuck returned to his position as junior clerk in

1414-739: A long letter of praise. He was also praised by Keats 's biographer, Lord Houghton . The lecture appeared in Colburn's New Monthly Magazine in August 1879, Irving presided at a meeting of the Liverpool Notes and Queries Society in September 1878. At Irving's invitation, he travelled to London to attend Irving's first night at the Lyceum Theatre under his own management, presenting his new production of Hamlet with Ellen Terry as Ophelia on 30 December. It

1515-513: A magazine serial in 1895 called Unto the Third and Fourth Generation . Stoker and Caine were lifetime literary friends. They shared an interest in mesmerism . Prior to being published in book form the story was renamed Drink: A Love Story on a Great Question . Drink contains a number of similarities to Stoker's novel. In 1906 Drink was published by George Newnes , and illustrated by expatriate Italian American illustrator and painter Cyrus Cuneo . It

1616-484: A member for the rest of his life. One of the society's founders was William Morris . As a young man of 21 Caine encountered the self-proclaimed 'Great American Doctor', Francis Tumblety , aged 43, after he set up at 177 Duke Street, Liverpool, offering herbal cure-all elixirs and Patent medicines to the public, which he claimed were secrets of the American Indians . Tumblety posed at various times in his life as

1717-504: A merchant's office. Suffering from what he described as "the first hint of one of the nervous attacks which even then beset me", and later as "the first serious manifestation of the nervous attacks which have pursued me through my life", Caine quit his job with Murray and, arriving unannounced, went to live with his uncle and aunt, James and Catherine Teare in Maughold on the Isle of Man. Teare

1818-580: A month with Caine at St John's in the Vale, accompanied by Fanny Cornforth . Whilst there, Caine recited a local myth to Rossetti. The myth was to become the inspiration for his first novel The Shadow of a Crime . He was also delivering weekly lectures in Liverpool. Caine negotiated the acquisition of Rossetti's largest painting Dante's Dream of the Death of Beatrice by Liverpool's Walker Art Gallery , representing

1919-578: A nearby coffee shop in Clare Market , which were brought by two young women; one was the 19-year-old Mary Chandler who was to eventually marry Caine. Mary was the fourth of seven children. She was born 23 April 1863, the daughter of Mary and William Chandler, a General Dealer, and grew up in Bethnal Green . William died in 1873 and her mother married John Ward, a Poulterer, in Shoreditch . The family moved to

2020-518: A new monthly magazine he was launching. In his capacity as critic of the Liverpool Town Crier , Caine attended the first night of Hamlet at the Lyceum Theatre, London , on 31 October 1874, with Irving in the title role. Caine was enthralled by Irving's performance and after his enthusiastic review was published in the newspaper, he was asked to reprint it as a broad-sheet pamphlet, as it

2121-541: A piece appeared in the French Journal des débats soon followed by a longer piece in The Pall Mall Gazette connecting Bornier's Mahomet with Irving's English production. William Henry (Abdullah) Quilliam orchestrated protests. In common with Caine he was of Manx descent, raised in Liverpool and had visited Morocco. Converting to Islam, Quilliam set up Britain's first mosque and was made Sheikh al-Islam for

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2222-579: A pleading letter from San Francisco, after which there is no record of any further contact. Caine delivered a series of three lectures on Dante Gabriel Rossetti 's work and the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood movement at Liverpool Library between November 1878 and March 1879. The January lecture entitled The Poetry of Dante Rossetti was printed in Colburn's New Monthly Magazine in July 1879. Caine sent

2323-461: A plot of revenge and romance set in the late 18th century Isle of Man and Iceland . It commences with the story of a seaman who marries the daughter of Iceland's Governor-General, abandoning her before the birth of their child. Between June and November 1889 it was serialised in the Isle of Man Times , General Advertiser and several provincial newspapers. Accompanied by Mary, Caine made a research visit to Iceland in August 1889, during which he made

2424-524: A result of his feelings regarding the acute poverty and misery in Great Britain at the time. Rumours of undergraduates, following Ruskin's ideas, digging the ground outside Oxford , reached Caine. He was inspired by Ruskin to begin writing denunciations of the social system and of the accepted interpretation of the Christian faith . Caine was to become 'an eager pupil and admirer' of Ruskin. He later became

2525-456: A second epidemic occurred. When Caine was thirteen the third outbreak of cholera occurred in July 1866. Memories of that time were to stay with him, the deaths, the large volume of funerals and prayer meetings in open spaces that were happening all around him. At fifteen, after leaving school, he was apprenticed to John Murray, an architect and surveyor in Lord Street, Liverpool. Murray was

2626-470: A seventy-mile round day trip from Reykjavík to Krýsuvík . William Heinemann was so pleased with initial sales, eventually selling almost half a million copies, that he named his company's telegraphic address after the novel's main character, "Sunlocks". Caine leased Castlerigg Cottage in Keswick in 1888. The following year Caine bought Hawthorns out of part of his earnings from Ben-my-Chree . Hawthorns

2727-485: A short book on the restoration of old buildings. Two of the chapters were papers he had read at the Social Science Congress and Liverpool Library. Rossetti introduced Caine to Ford Madox Brown , who was at the time working on The Manchester Murals . Following his visit to write an article on Brown's frescoes in July 1880 they became friends. On a later visit Caine accepted Brown's invitation to sit for one of

2828-681: A short time he was directing films on his own using major French stars of the day such as Polaire . In 1914, with the expansion of the giant French film companies into the United States market, Tourneur moved to New York City to direct silent films for Éclair's American branch studio in Fort Lee, New Jersey before moving to William A. Brady 's World Film Corporation , where he directed important early American feature-length films such as The Wishing Ring , Alias Jimmy Valentine , The Cub ( Martha Hedman 's only screen performance) and Trilby ,

2929-466: A small Manx expat community. By 1858 they had moved to number 21. Early in 1862 they moved to 5 Brougham Street where Caine attended Windsor Street Wesleyan School, and in January 1865 the family moved round the corner to 2 Coburg Street. During his childhood Caine was occasionally sent to stay with his grandmother, Isabella, and uncle, William, a butcher-farmer, in their thatched cottage at Ballaugh on

3030-727: A star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6243 Hollywood Blvd. His 1917 film, The Poor Little Rich Girl , his 1918 film The Blue Bird and his 1920 film The Last of the Mohicans have since been deemed "culturally significant" by the United States Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry . Recently, the American Film Institute's Center for Film and Video Preservation and

3131-502: A supposed friend, and praising Caine for his genuine friendship. After Caine forwarded his letters, he wrote on 1 February discussing the upcoming biography and enclosed a letter supposedly originating from the Isle of Wight , by Napoleon III . The following day the first advert for the upcoming pamphlet appeared in the Liverpool Mercury . Tumblety changed lodgings, initially missing an urgent telegram from Caine indicating there

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3232-479: A surgeon, an officer in the federal army, and a gentleman. He always followed his name with "M.D." and used the title 'Doctor', without the supporting qualifications, for which he was fined in Saint John, New Brunswick in 1860. From September 1874, Tumblety was announcing his arrival in Liverpool by advertising in local newspapers, later including testimonials. Following the death of Edward Hanratty in January 1875,

3333-487: A theatre critic to a number of Liverpool newspapers, which were accepted. He used the pseudonym 'Julian'. Before Henry Irving played Hamlet, his intention to play the part differently to any other actor was known to Caine and he contributed many articles on the subject to various papers. The study of Shakespeare and the Bible from his earliest years were his 'chief mental food'. As he had become more absorbed by literary studies he

3434-775: A total of ten million books. Caine was the most highly paid novelist of his day. The Eternal City is the first novel to have sold over a million copies worldwide. In addition to his books, Caine is the author of more than a dozen plays and was one of the most commercially successful dramatists of his time; many were West End and Broadway productions. Caine adapted seven of his novels for the stage. He collaborated with leading actors and managers, including Wilson Barrett , Viola Allen , Herbert Beerbohm Tree , Louis Napoleon Parker , Mrs Patrick Campbell , George Alexander , and Arthur Collins . Most of Caine's novels were adapted into silent black and white films. A. E. Coleby 's 1923 18,454 feet, nineteen-reel film The Prodigal Son became

3535-510: A visual distinctiveness that met with critical acclaim. “Making pictures is a commercial business, the same as making soap and, to be successful, one must make a commodity that will sell. We have a choice between making bad, silly, childish and useless pictures, which make a lot of money, and make everybody rich, or nice stories, which nobody wants to see...the American film producers will have to change entirely their machine-made stories and come to

3636-405: A year there as schoolmaster in Maughold . Afterwards he returned to Liverpool and began a career in journalism, becoming a leader-writer on the Liverpool Mercury . As a lecturer and theatre critic he developed a circle of eminent literary friends by whom he was influenced. Caine moved to London at Dante Gabriel Rossetti 's suggestion and lived with the poet, acting as secretary and companion during

3737-615: Is a person born in a foreign country not having French citizenship at birth. An immigrant may have acquired French citizenship since moving to France, but is still considered an immigrant in French statistics. On the other hand, persons born in France with foreign citizenship (the children of immigrants) are not listed as immigrants. The southwestern part of the arrondissement is very dense in offices, mostly for services. Several large companies have their headquarters there. The head office of Dailymotion

3838-564: Is located in the Immeuble Horizons 17. When it existed, Gaz de France had its head office in the 17th arrondissement. Batignolles and Épinettes , two former industrial areas, are now mostly residential. The area around the Avenue de Clichy, shared with the 8th , 9th and 18th arrondissements , is occupied by a great variety of shops, making it the third-largest avenue of Paris in terms of sales. The Swedish school Svenska Skolan Paris

3939-547: Is located in the arrondissement. Hall Caine Sir Thomas Henry Hall Caine CH KBE (14 May 1853 – 31 August 1931), usually known as Hall Caine , was a British novelist, dramatist, short story writer, poet and critic of the late 19th and early 20th century. Caine's popularity during his lifetime was unprecedented. He wrote 15 novels on subjects of adultery , divorce, domestic violence , illegitimacy , infanticide , religious bigotry and women's rights , became an international literary celebrity, and sold

4040-573: Is situated on the right bank of the River Seine . In 2019, it had a population of 166,543. It borders the inner suburbs of Neuilly-sur-Seine , Levallois-Perret and Clichy in Hauts-de-Seine to the northwest, as well as Saint-Ouen-sur-Seine in Seine-Saint-Denis to the northeast. The land area of the 17th arrondissement is 5.669 km (2.189 sq mi; 1,401 acres). Situated on

4141-647: The City of London where John became a Hawker. Months after Mary had first met Caine, John Ward and the other girl's father confronted Caine and Robertson demanding marriage, claiming the young women had been 'ruined'. According to Caine's biographer, nothing more than 'a bit of flirting' had taken place. Refusing to marry, Caine went to Liverpool to deliver lectures, returning to London in early December 1882. Upon Caine's return Mary's stepfather abandoned her at Clement's Inn. Mary went to Sevenoaks for six months to be educated, financed by Caine; she had received little education as

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4242-615: The Cumbrian dialect that he had listened to and spoke during his childhood. When he had finished he moved back to London. Living in rooms on the fourth floor of New Court, in Lincoln's Inn , he re-wrote it. After running as a serial in the Liverpool Weekly Mercury , Caine's novel was published in February 1885, by Chatto & Windus , and serialised in several newspapers. His reputation

4343-409: The Isle of Man . His grandmother nicknamed him 'Hommy-Beg', Manx for 'Little Tommy'. The island has a long history of folklore and superstition, passed from generation to generation. Continuing this tradition Grandmother Caine passed on her knowledge of local myths and legends to her grandson, telling him countless stories of fairies, witches, witch-doctors and the evil eye while they were sat by

4444-517: The National Archives of Canada have been cooperating on the restoration of Tourneur's 1915 film, The Cub . 17th arrondissement of Paris The 17th arrondissement of Paris ( XVII arrondissement ) is one of the 20 arrondissements of the capital city of France . In spoken French, it is referred to as le dix-septième ( pronounced [lə di sɛtjɛm] ; "the seventeenth"). The arrondissement, known as Batignolles-Monceau ,

4545-529: The Palais des Congrès of Paris , a large exhibition centre with an associated high-rise hotel, the Hyatt Regency Paris Étoile , the largest in the city. The peak population of Paris's 17th arrondissement was reached in 1954, when it had 231,987 inhabitants. Today, the arrondissement remains dense in population and business activity, with 160,860 inhabitants and 92,267 jobs as of the 1999 census. An immigrant

4646-610: The Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings . They called their own organisation Notes and Queries Society and held their meetings at the prominent Royal Institution , Colquitt Street. Caine was president of the society and their meetings were reported in the Liverpool newspapers. The 'Notes' were often provided by John Ruskin , William Morris and Dante Gabriel Rossetti . On 16 October 1874 Henry Irving wrote to Caine agreeing to his request to use his portrait in Stray Leaves

4747-405: The 'scribbling itch' for writing. He produced essays, poems, novels and overview histories with little thought of them being published. In common with all 19th century towns Liverpool was unsanitary. In 1832 there had been a cholera epidemic. As panic and fear of this new and misunderstood disease spread, eight major riots had broken out on the streets along with several smaller uprisings. In 1849

4848-686: The British Isles by Abdul Hamid II. Rumour that the play would be produced in London caused unrest in Britain's Muslim communities, threatened British rule in parts of India and strained the nation's relations with the Ottoman Empire. It was banned by the Lord Chamberlain , Edward Bootle-Wilbraham, 1st Earl of Lathom in his capacity as licencer of stage plays. Lathom's intervention was unusual, illustrating

4949-587: The Collected Editions of his novels. Licensed to Thomas Nelson in 1907 by Chatto, the novel was printed in the Nelson Library . In 1886 Mary and Caine travelled to Scotland to watch Irving when he was on tour in Edinburgh where they covertly married on 3 September under Scottish law by declaration before witnesses. Mary became a devoted wife, reading all his work, advising and criticising when appropriate and

5050-676: The Dominion Parliament. During the Great War (1914–1918) Caine wrote many patriotic articles and edited King Albert's Book , the proceeds of which went to help Belgian refugees. In 1917, Caine was created an Officer of the Order of Leopold by King Albert I of Belgium. Caine cancelled many literary contracts in America to devote all his time and energy to the British war effort. On the recommendation of

5151-573: The Keys' Committee that prepared the 1907 petition for constitutional reform. In 1929 Caine was granted the Freedom of the Borough of Douglas, Isle of Man . Caine visited Russia in 1892 on behalf of the persecuted Jews . In 1895 Caine travelled in the United States and Canada, where he represented the Society of Authors conducting successful negotiations and obtaining important international copyright concessions from

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5252-505: The London theatres. One review angered actor-playwright Wilson Barrett and he demanded a meeting with Caine. Barrett concluding his complaint added "I think you could write a play, and if someday you should hit on a subject suitable to me, I shall be glad if you will let me hear of it". Caine's Cobwebs of Criticism: A Review of the First Reviewers of the Lake, Satanic and Cockney Schools

5353-511: The Lyceum, presided over by Ellen Terry , where he became acquainted with the Prince of Wales (later Edward VII) . At one supper, where the only other guest was composer Alexander Mackenzie , Caine breaking the rules, brought his son Ralph with him. In order to make essential money and acquire exposure in America, disregarding the advice of his friends, Caine's short novel She's All The World To Me ,

5454-665: The Lyceum. The French government stopped Bornier's play on 22 March 1890, partly due to the intervention of the Ottoman Sultan Abdul Hamid II . Caine called the play's plot "false to history, untrue to character, Western in thought and Parisian in sentiment". He continued with his own version that concentrated on Muhammad's flight from Mecca and his triumphant return from Medina years later. Scenes were handwritten by Caine and subsequently reviewed by Irving after Stoker had them typed. Reviewed pages were returned with Irving's edits and often Stoker's suggestions. On 20 June

5555-593: The Prime Minister Lloyd George for services as an Allied propagandist in the United States, King George V made him a Knight Commander of the British Empire in 1918 and a Member of the Order of the Companions of Honour in 1922. Aged 78 Caine died in his home at Greeba Castle on the Isle of Man. Thomas Henry Hall Caine was born on 14 May 1853 at 29 Bridgewater Street, Runcorn , Cheshire , England,

5656-499: The Princess Theatre on 17 May 1888 and ran for a profitable nine weeks. It was a popular staple on Barratt's provincial and international tours for several years afterwards and was successfully produced by others to whom he licensed the rights. An appreciative Caine acknowledged Barratt's substantial contribution by naming him co-writer. The first title published by Heinemann was Caine's 1890 three-volume novel The Bondman ,

5757-870: The ability to engage an audience from his first word. Through studying the works of the Lake School of Poets , and the best writers of the eighteenth century, Caine combined this knowledge with his own ideas of perfection, and went on to develop his level of eloquence to oratory . From the age of ten Caine was educated at Hope Street Unitarian Higher Grade School in Caledonia Street, Liverpool, becoming head boy in his last year there. Prior to this he attended St. James's School and for several years afterwards continued his education attending evening classes at Queen's College, Liverpool Institute . He spent many hours on his own avidly reading books, notably at Liverpool's Free Library . Caine also experienced what he described as

5858-524: The age of eighteen, Caine was back home in Liverpool where he set about applying his knowledge, gained working in the drawing office, into articles on architectural subjects, and subsequently published in The Builder and The Building News . These were Caine's first works published for a national audience. The articles caught Ruskin's attention and he wrote words of encouragement to Caine. Seeking to be published, he offered his services, without payment, as

5959-409: The charismatic Hugh Stowell Brown , a Manxman and brother of poet Thomas Edward Brown . Brown's public lectures and work among the poor made him a household name in Liverpool. Caine participated in the literary and debating society Brown had established. While Caine was very young he became well known and highly regarded by the people of south Liverpool. There he was in great demand as a speaker, having

6060-623: The eldest of six children of John Caine (1825–1904) and his wife Sarah Caine (née Hall, (1828–1912)). Sarah was born in Whitehaven , Cumberland, and descended from an old Quaker family of Ralph Halls, china manufacturer. After living for many years in Cumberland the Hall family moved to Liverpool where Sarah, a seamstress, met and married John. As her husband was a member of the Anglican Church and not

6161-435: The evolving star system that Carl Laemmle had begun with his advertising campaign for actress Florence Lawrence . After directing several innovative films for Adolph Zukor 's Artcraft Pictures Corporation (which released through Paramount ) in 1917 and 1918, Tourneur launched his own production company with the film Sporting Life . In 1921 he became a naturalized citizen of the United States. By 1922 he believed that

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6262-404: The ferry from reaching land. Caine was rescued by a large rowing boat. He later drew on this experience when writing the scene in The Bondman in which Stephen Orry is cast ashore there. Another sister, Lily Hall Caine, made it to adulthood and became a prominent stage actress. Lily died June 1, 1914. The Caine family belonged to the Baptist Church in Myrtle Street, Liverpool, presided over by

6363-417: The figures while he was working on The Expulsion of the Danes from Manchester , the third fresco. On another visit he modelled for Crabtree watching the Transit of Venus A.D. 1639 , the fifth fresco to be painted. Caine and Rossetti eventually met in September 1880 when Caine visited Rossetti in his home at 16 Cheyne Walk , Chelsea, London , where he lived "in shabby splendour". The strain of overworking

6464-499: The fire. When Caine was nine he lost two of his young sisters within a year. Five year old Sarah developed hydrocephaly after a fever. Fourteen month old Emma died in convulsions brought on by whooping cough she caught from him and his brother John. Caine was to be sent to the Isle of Man to recover from his illness and grief. He was put on a boat to Ramsey by his father, with a label pinned on his coat and assurances that his uncle would meet him. A fierce storm occurred preventing

6565-403: The future of the film industry lay in Hollywood and the following year he was hired by Samuel Goldwyn to go to the West Coast and make a film version of the Hall Caine novel The Christian . However, Tourneur's career in the United States faltered in the 1920s as his pictorialism sometimes hampered the narrative drive of his later films, and he also separated from his wife Fernande in 1923. He

6666-400: The inditing of love letters for young farm hands to their girls in service on farms that were far away". Later he drew on this material to use in his writing. In March 1872, he had a letter from Murray his master, the architect, which said "Why are you wasting your life over there? Come back to your proper work at once." Caine was on his way back to Liverpool within a week. In April 1872, at

6767-590: The last starring Clara Kimball Young and noted stage actor Wilton Lackaye as Svengali. Before long, Maurice Tourneur was a major and respected force in American film and a founding member of the East Coast chapter of the Motion Picture Directors Association . As the feature film evolved in the mid 1910s, he and his team (comprising screenwriter Charles Maigne , art director Ben Carré , and cameramen John van den Broek and Lucien Andriot ) coupled exceptional technological skill with unique pictorial and architectural sensibilities in their productions, giving their films

6868-406: The last years of Rossetti's life. Following the publication of his Recollections of Rossetti in 1882 Caine began his career as a writer spanning four decades. Caine established his residency in the Isle of Man in 1895, where he sat from 1901 to 1908 in the Manx House of Keys , the lower house of its legislature. Caine was elected President of the Manx National Reform League in 1903 and chair of

6969-407: The life of Muhammad , the prophet of Islam , written in 1890 for the actor-manager Henry Irving . In Autumn 1889 Irving presented a copy of Henri de Bornier 's new play Mahomet to Caine, translated into English by Bram Stoker 's wife, Florence. Irving had been granted the English rights by Jules Claretie , director of France's Théâtre Français and he asked Caine to revise it for staging at

7070-410: The local community. Thirlmere , close to the centre of the Lake District, in an area, not only celebrated in the poetry of early conservationist William Wordsworth and fellow Lake poets, but also used as a summer residence by writers, amongst others. In opposition to damming the lake at Thirlmere to form a reservoir, the first environmental group, Thirlmere Defence Association was formed in 1877. It

7171-414: The longest commercially made British film. Alfred Hitchcock 's 1929 film The Manxman , is Hitchcock's last silent film. Born in Runcorn to a Manx father and Cumbrian mother, Caine was raised in Liverpool . After spending four years in school, Caine was trained as an architectural draughtsman. While growing up he spent childhood holidays with relatives in the Isle of Man . At seventeen he spent

7272-436: The name Phoenix Cottage and the date 8 January 1871. Encouraged by Teare, after he had written to reassure Caine's parents that he might one day be able to make a living as a writer, Caine wrote anonymous articles for a local newspaper on a wide range of religious and economic questions. John Ruskin had started his Guild of St George and began expressing his ideas in his new monthly series, Fors Clavigera , written as

7373-455: The next day. It ran to more than fifty English editions and was translated into every major European language. Caine sent a copy of the novel to Wilson Barrett as he suited the main character, then set to work adapting his novel into a stage version called Ben-my-Chree, Manx for 'Girl of my Heart'. Irving, after reading the book, saw potential in it, himself playing the Bishop. The play opened at

7474-410: The offer. Caine's maternal grandparents had lived with the rest of his family while they were growing up in Liverpool. His grandfather, Ralph Hall, died in January 1870, when Caine was seventeen. In the same year of his life Caine was reunited with William Tirebuck, a friend from his school days, when the business of their masters brought them together. United in their interest in literature, they made

7575-451: The painter at its installation in November 1881. In January 1882 Caine's anthology Sonnets of Three Centuries was published. After Rossetti "had an attack of paralysis on one side", his medical adviser, Mr John Marshall, recommended a change of air. Architect John Seddon offered Rossetti the use of Westcliffe Bungalow at Birchington , Kent. Caine eventually persuaded Rossetti to make

7676-590: The pamphlet, along with money for printing and advertising. Tumblety later wrote of disputes with the printer. Claiming to be too ill to send money, he sent Caine a printer's bill for payment. Tumblety had hired an assistant who read the proofs to him. The pamphlet entitled Passages from the Life of Dr Francis Tumblety , and the fourth of Tumblety's biographies, was published in March 1875. Tumblety wrote to Caine in April 1875 that he

7777-448: The poet to the series. In three weeks Caine wrote Life of Coleridge , published in 1887. November the same year The Deemster was published in three volumes by Chatto & Windus. It was set in 18th century Isle of Man, where the title of Deemster is given to the Island's judges. The plot includes the story of a fatal fight, with the body being taken out to sea only to float back to land

7878-473: The right bank (Rive Droite) of the River Seine , it is divided into four administrative districts: Ternes and Monceau in the southwestern part, two upper-class districts which are more Haussmannian in style; in the middle of the arrondissement, the Batignolles district, an area mostly occupied by young families or couples, with a marked gentrification process; in the northeastern part, the Épinettes district,

7979-407: The same fate. He recovered, but the disease left him with permanent lung damage, and throughout his life he had attacks of bronchitis . In his 1913 novel The Woman Thou Gavest Me , he describes Mary O’Neil dying of tuberculosis. Manchester Corporation had covertly been buying land for building the proposed Thirlmere Aqueduct , intended to supply water to the city. When discovered, it outraged

8080-469: The same night he took a spoon of medicine supplied by Tumblety, and action taken by William Carroll to sue Tumblety for £200 after allegedly publishing a false testimonial, Tumblety fled to London. Many newspapers reported the stories and in the wake of this adverse publicity, Tumblety recruited Caine to edit his biography. Late January Tumblety wrote requesting Caine to obtain a quote for printing ten thousand copies in Liverpool , telling of being betrayed by

8181-513: The treatment of ancient buildings which was described as "'well worth reading". At the 1879 Social Science Congress held in Manchester Town Hall , Caine read his paper A New Phase of the Question of Architectural Restoration . He spoke of the Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings , its purpose, actions and achievements. Caine had joined the society the previous year and remained

8282-424: The trip to Birchington, and they both arrived on 4 February 1882, accompanied by Caine's sister and Rossetti's nurse. Caine stayed with Rossetti until Rossetti's death on Easter Sunday, 1882. From 1882 Caine was employed as a leader-writer on the Liverpool Mercury and was given free rein as to the subject and number of articles he wrote. This gave him the opportunity to attend and review numerous first nights at

8383-448: Was a problem with the publication. His response was to tell Caine to stop until he saw the proofs. Tumblety offered to pay for Caine to visit him in London to discuss the pamphlet, his letter dated 16 February indicating Caine had taken up the offer. He told a friend that his visit to Tumblety was "arduous". A spate of correspondence relating to the publication ensued, Tumblety supplying Caine with names of notable people to be included in

8484-668: Was a small square-built stone house on the Penrith Road, a mile outside Keswick, overlooking Bassenthwaite Lake and Derwentwater. Caine also rented a pied-à-terre at Albert Mansions, Victoria Street, London. Hawthorns was close to Chesnut Cottage that Shelley had rented in 1811 and Greta Hall home of the poets Coleridge and Southey . The house had ten acres of land where Caine kept two ponies he had transported from Iceland. Mary learned to make butter and cheese. The Caines lived at Hawthorns for four years. In 1890 Bram Stoker began his notes for his Dracula novel. Caine published

8585-525: Was affecting Caine's health and in 1881, deciding to focus on his literary career, he left his job at Bromley & Son and went to St John's in the Vale , Cumbria. Before long Rossetti wrote that he too was ill and asked Caine to go to London planning to return to Cumbria with him. By the time Caine arrived in London Rossetti had changed his mind and instead Caine became Rossetti's housemate. Early in September, persuaded by friends and family Rossetti spent

8686-497: Was at this time that Caine was introduced to Irving's business manager, Bram Stoker , who was to become one of his closest friends. Stoker was subsequently to dedicate his famous novel Dracula to Caine, under the nickname 'Hommy-Beg'. In 1879 Caine edited a booklet of the papers presented to the Notes and Queries Society by William Morris , Samuel Huggins and John J. Stevenson on the progress of public and professional thought on

8787-497: Was born in their rented house Yarra, Worseley Road, Hampstead on 15 August 1884. The following month they moved to live in Aberleigh Lodge, Red House Lane, Bexleyheath , next door to William Morris' Red House , where they remained until 1889. Caine had many friends in London's elite artistic and intellectual circles. As a friend of Stoker and Irving for many years he became a regular at Irving's Beefsteak Room gatherings at

8888-959: Was contemplating manufacturing his pills in London, and required a partner to share the profits, telling Caine to approach Liverpool chemists as proposed outlets. Caine had declined a further invitation to London, but Tumblety persisted with his invites to join him in London, later made by telegram, additionally inviting him on a planned trip to America . Around the time Alfred Thomas Heap was hanged in Kirkdale Gaol, Liverpool , for an abortion-related death, Tumblety, who had been arrested in 1857 for selling abortion drugs, disappeared. Caine made enquiries as to his whereabouts. Briefly Tumblety set up offices in Union Passage, Birmingham . His correspondence turned menacing, demanding money from Caine. Tumblety left London for New York City in August 1876. Failing to entice Caine to join him, he followed months later with

8989-516: Was described in the Manchester Guardian as 'a rather gruesome love story'. The story is of a girl who inherits a taste for alcohol from her father and is put on the road to recovery by hypnotic influence. Two hundred thousand copies of the book had been sold in England by the time the American edition was published by Appleton in 1907. Caine's Mahomet is a four-act historical drama based on

9090-581: Was discontinued early on after discovering they did not work well together. Dealing with the theme of illegitimacy , Caine has written a story close to his own life. The opening scene is set in Victorian London police court where a girl is charged with attempted suicide after she and her illegitimate baby had been dragged from the Thames, a scene he could well have witnessed while working as reporter. Later Caine attempted to suppress A Son of Hagar from both of

9191-509: Was his first secretary. Two of Caine's sonnets, Where Lies the Land! and After Sunset , were included in William Sharp 's 1886 anthology Sonnets of this Century . Publisher Walter Scott engaged Eric Robertson, Caine's former roommate, to edit a series entitled Great Writers . Aware of the study Caine had already made of Coleridge, Robertson asked Caine to contribute a brief biography of

9292-520: Was immediately established, along with a foremost place among the novelists of the day. He was later invited to write the story of writing The Shadow of a Crime , which after its appearance in the Idler was published in 1894 in My First Book . After the publication of Caine's first novel, Mary created a series of scrapbooks containing items relating to his public life. Mary and Caine's son, Ralph Hall ,

9393-470: Was not content with reading Shakespeare's plays, so he was reading all of the most notable playwrights of the Elizabethan age and "he began to make acquaintance with the dramatists". In the summer of 1872 Caine wrote his first play. The Charter was an adaptation of Charles Kingsley 's novel Alton Locke , but as an unknown writer he could not get it staged. "Partly from the failure of faith in myself as

9494-557: Was of such a high quality. Caine's first short story Max Wieland was published in the Liverpool Critic around 1874. A year later Caine became dramatic critic of the Spectator . Caine's long narrative poem, Geraldine , appeared in print in March 1876. It was a completion of Coleridge's unfinished poem Christabel . The Caine family had moved into a larger house in 1873, at 59 South Chester Street, Toxteth , where Caine shared

9595-480: Was published in 1883. It began as a series of Liverpool lectures exposing unjustified reviews of poets Byron , Coleridge , Hunt , Keats , Shelley , Southey and Wordsworth that were written during their lifetimes Returning to London after Rossetti's death, Caine moved into 18 Clement's Inn in July 1882, sharing rooms with his academic friend Eric Robertson , where they often hosted intellectual gatherings. They frequently had their evening meals delivered from

9696-526: Was published in New York, in 1885 by Harper & Brothers . She's All The World To Me was the first of his novels to be set on the Isle of Man. Under American copyright laws the book's copyright was forfeited to Harper and Brothers, a situation unforeseen by Caine, he was incensed. Caine recycled much of the material from the book in his later works, particularly in The Deemster . She's All The World To Me

9797-615: Was removed from production on Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer 's version of Jules Verne 's The Mysterious Island in 1928, and this marked the end of his American career. After his trouble with MGM, Tourneur decided to move back to his native France. There, he continued to make films both at home and in Germany, easily making the change to talkies . In 1933 he met his second wife, actress Louise Lagrange (1898–1979), while shooting his film, L'Homme mystérieux . Tourneur went on to direct another two dozen films, several of which were crime thrillers, until

9898-407: Was serialised in the Liverpool Weekly Mercury between 21 March and 4 April 1885 immediately following The Shadow of a Crime . Set in the contrasting locations of the Vale of Newlands in the Lake District and Victorian London , A Son of Hagar , Caine's third novel was written in 1885–86 and published in 1886 by Chatto and Windus. Begun in collaboration with Robert Buchanan , their partnership

9999-491: Was supported by the national press, Wordsworth's son and John Ruskin. Caine, incensed at what he perceived as a threat to his beloved Cumbria, joined the movement, initiating a Parliamentary petition. Thirlmere was to be the setting for his novel The Shadow of a Crime . In response to his lecture The Supernatural in Shakespeare , given in July 1878, in a meeting chaired by Professor Edward Dowden , Matthew Arnold wrote him

10100-415: Was the local schoolmaster , and as Caine was to learn, ill with tuberculosis. Caine became his assistant teaching in the schoolhouse. Finding their accommodation in part of the schoolhouse was crowded Caine camped in a nearby tholtan , a half-ruined cottage. Using his stonemason skills, taught to him by his grandfather Hall, he restored and lived in the cottage. On the stone lintel above the door he carved

10201-534: Was to meet Gladstone on another occasion when he was on Gladstone's estate at Seaforth House . The surveyor-in-chief had not appeared one morning and a fifteen year old Caine took his place. Caine had left a lasting impression on Gladstone, as two years later Caine had a letter from Gladstone's brother saying the Prime Minister wished to appoint him steward of the Lancashire Gladstone estates. Caine declined

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