81-649: Westfield Marion (colloquially known as simply "Marion") is the largest shopping centre in Adelaide , South Australia , located in Oaklands Park , serving greater Southern Adelaide. Westfield Marion is the eleventh largest shopping centre in Australia , with approximately 342 stores alongside anchor tenants including David Jones , Myer , Harris Scarfe , Target , Kmart , Big W , Woolworths , Coles , Event Cinemas , Aldi and Rebel Sport . The centre's Event Cinema complex
162-480: A high amount of Islamic adherents, such as Lakemba (59.2%), South Granville (49%) and Old Guildford (45.9%). Buddhism was the common response in the suburbs of Cabramatta , Canley Vale and Canley Heights , with 43.0%, 37.1% and 38.4% adhering to it, respectively. In Harris Park , to the northwest, Hinduism was the common religion with 44.8% of its inhabitants practicing it. Westmead (40.8%), Parramatta (28.5%) and Rosehill (24.0%) also had Hinduism as
243-590: A number of different definitions, although the one consistently used is the region composed of ten local government authorities , most of which are members of the Western Sydney Regional Organisation of Councils (WSROC). The NSW Government's Office of Western Sydney calls the region "Greater Western Sydney". Radiocarbon dating suggests human activity occurred in the Sydney metropolitan area from around 30,000 years ago . The Darug people lived in
324-402: A sandstone flour mill and additional brewery . The land was also used for wheat farming until 1861 when wheat rust infected the entire crop. The rural regions were chiefly one of dairying and grazing during the 19th century, but in the early 20th century – because of its rural atmosphere and proximity to Sydney – tourism developed as people opened their homes as guest houses . Today,
405-455: A working class background, with major employment in the heavy industries and vocational trade. Encompassing significant areas of national parks, waterways and parklands, agricultural lands, natural bushland and a range of recreational and sporting facilities, the region also largely contains remnants of critically endangered native Cumberland Plain Bushland and World Heritage -listed areas of
486-485: Is a diverse area when it comes to socio-economics , with the two largest industries in the region being manufacturing and construction . Of the 544,000 jobs situated in the GWS, 75% of those who live in the region also work there. The Smithfield – Wetherill Park Industrial Estate is the largest industrial estate in the southern hemisphere and is the centre of manufacturing and distribution in GWS. Lying strategically between
567-484: Is also a part of Westfield Marion; located on the northern side of the site after its opening in April 2011. Westfield Marion was built in 1968 on a large expanse of land bordered by Sturt, Diagonal and Morphett Roads, and has seen extensions in 1982, 1989, 1997 and 2016. The 1997 extension saw the centre expand to a floorspace of roughly 119,000 m. Westfield Marion achieved major Australian firsts upon redevelopment in 1997 as
648-587: Is constantly growing. The south and southwest of Sydney is drained by the Georges River , flowing north from its source near Appin, towards Liverpool and then turning east towards Botany Bay . Minor waterways draining Sydney's western suburbs include South Creek and Eastern Creek , flowing into the Hawkesbury, and Prospect Creek draining into the Georges River. Cowan Creek and Berowra Creek run north from
729-408: Is cooler, with days above 30 °C (86 °F) happening on average only 1.1 times during the month. Days cooler than 20 °C (68 °F) occur more regularly leading into May. In May, days are usually mild, ranging from 17 to 24 °C (63 to 75 °F), but can get quite cold, with maximums of 17 °C (63 °F) or lower starting to occur. Average minimums fall throughout the season, with
810-593: Is described in William Bradley 's Journal where he noted an expedition from Rose Hill to Prospect Creek to determine whether Prospect Creek led to Botany Bay . The Battle of Parramatta , a major battle of the Hawkesbury and Nepean Wars , occurred in March 1797 where resistance leader Pemulwuy led a group of Bidjigal warriors, estimated to be at least 100, in an attack on a government farm at Toongabbie, challenging
891-557: Is mainly due to the immense cultural activities and high affordability in the region, and also the development of new restaurants, high-rise apartments, telecommunications , local employment, retail and education. Regarding this, Allworth Homes director Stephen Thompson states, "While the outskirts of Sydney were once considered undesirable, improved infrastructure coupled with soaring house prices has meant many property seekers are looking further afield for their homes, including high-income earners". With Western Sydney Airport opening in
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#1733094517062972-437: Is now the sixth largest business district in Australia. Rapid population increase after World War II saw the settlement of many ex-service men and migrants in the greater west, making it one of the most urbanised regions in the country and an area of growing national importance. Being the third largest economy in Australia , behind Sydney CBD and Melbourne , the region covers 5,800 square kilometres (2,200 sq mi) and
1053-407: Is one of the fastest growing populations in Australia, with an estimated resident population of 2,288,554 in 2017. Western Sydney has the most multicultural suburbs in the country with 38% of the population speaking a language other than English at home, and up to 90% in some suburbs. Containing about 9% of Australia's population and 44% of Sydney's population, the people of GWS are predominantly of
1134-481: Is relatively high through the months reaching a peak in winter (due to the lower evaporation rate), despite the lower rainfall in that season. At a time in the past, monocline formed to the west of Sydney. The monocline is a sloping bend that raises the sandstone well above where it is expected to be seen, and this is why the whole of the visible top of the Blue Mountains is made of sandstone. Sandstone slopes in
1215-579: Is the Southern Hemisphere's largest cinema complex, featuring 26 screens. The centre houses all of Westfield's management in Adelaide, located in an 8-storey office block to the east of the centre, as well as services including; legal, child care, health and dental clinic. It also houses the head office for Fellas Gifts. The office tower is located at the original mall where the food court is facing Diagonal Road. The South Australia Aquatic and Leisure Centre
1296-531: Is the fourth-oldest place of British settlement on the Australian continent , where European settlers utilised the fertile river flats for agriculture. Governor Phillip Gidley King began granting land in the area to settlers in 1804 with Captain Daniel Woodriff 's 1,000 acres (4.0 km ) on the banks of the river the first land grant in the area. Liverpool Hospital was founded on a portion of land beside
1377-727: Is the largest assemblage of igneous rock in Sydney. The oval-shaped ridge was made many millions of years ago when volcanic material from the Earth's upper mantle moved upwards and then sideways. Swamps and lagoons are existent on the floodplain of the Nepean River , one being Bents Basin , which is also a recreational area. Parramatta River drains a large area of Sydney's western suburbs. With 5,005,400 inhabitants (as of 2016) and an urban population density of 2037 people per square kilometre, Sydney's urban area covers 1,788 square kilometres (690 sq mi), comprising 35% of Sydney and
1458-764: The A4 to Glenbrook in west. It continues as the Great Western Highway as the A32, passing the southern fringe of the Parramatta central business district, moving due west across western metropolitan Sydney to Penrith, north of the central business district, crossing the Nepean River via the 1867 Victoria Bridge . Cumberland Highway links the Pacific Highway (A1/B83) and Pacific Motorway ( M1 ) at Pearces Corner, Wahroonga in
1539-659: The Blue Mountains . The Hawkesbury and Nepean River system is Sydney's firsthand water source and the mainstay of the region's agricultural and fishing industries, and is also major recreational area for the inhabitants of GWS. The heritage-listed Warragamba Dam , the primary reservoir for water supply for Sydney, is located in the greater west. Near Penrith , numerous Aboriginal stone tools were found in Cranebrook Terraces gravel sediments dating to 50,000–45,000 BP . For more than 30,000 years, Aboriginal people from
1620-562: The British Army to fight. On 4 March 1804 Irish convicts rose up in Rouse Hill as one, in what was to become known as the Castle Hill convict rebellion . Governor Lachlan Macquarie and Mrs Macquarie preferred the clean air of rural Parramatta to the unsanitary and crime-ridden streets of Sydney and transformed Old Government House, Parramatta , into an elegant Palladian -style home in
1701-589: The Cumberland Plain , a relatively flat region lying to the west of Sydney Harbour, and the Hornsby Plateau , a plateau north of the Harbour rising to 200 metres and dissected by steep valleys. Sydney's native plant species are predominantly eucalyptus trees . The moderately-fertile Soils in western Sydney are usually red and yellow in texture as they are rich in clay, are fine-textured and acidic. Soil moisture
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#17330945170621782-753: The Gandangara tribe have lived in the Fairfield area. Prior to the arrival of the Europeans, the Penrith area was home to the Mulgoa tribe of the Dharug people , who spoke the Dharug language . They lived in makeshift huts called gunyahs , hunted native animals such as kangaroos, and fished in the Nepean River. The Auburn area was once used by Dharug people as a market place for the exchange of goods between them and Dharawal people on
1863-648: The Georges River , making it the second oldest hospital in Australia. Fairfield railway station was opened in 1856 and has the oldest surviving railway building in New South Wales. Quarrying in the Prospect area began in the 1820s and naturalist Charles Darwin visited Prospect Hill in January 1836, to observe the geology. Designed and constructed by the NSW Public Works Department , Prospect Reservoir
1944-524: The Inner West mostly consist of federation -era homes, the west usually features larger modern homes, which are predominantly found in the outer, newer suburbs, starting from the City of Fairfield and Blacktown and including Stanhope Gardens , Kellyville Ridge , and Bella Vista to the northwest, Bossley Park , Abbotsbury , and Cecil Hills to the west, and Hoxton Park , Harrington Park , and Oran Park to
2025-647: The Penrith City Council . Western Sydney is also sometimes used to refer to the whole Greater Western Sydney region, which is the combination of Western Sydney as defined above and the Macarthur Region (also referred to as South-western Sydney ). As well as the ten councils listed above, the GWS region includes Camden Council , Campbelltown City Council and Wollondilly Shire Council . With more than 240,000 local businesses which generated more than $ 95 billion gross regional product in 2009, Western Sydney
2106-957: The Scentre Group , and assets in the United Kingdom and United States formed the Westfield Corporation. It was listed on the Australian Stock Exchange with the ticker symbol "WFD". Westfield accepted a $ 32.8 billion takeover offer from Unibail-Rodamco , excluding Westfield Labs, on 12 December 2017. The takeover was completed, and the parent company was renamed Unibail-Rodamco-Westfield , in June 2018. Westfield undertook ownership, development, design, construction, funds/asset management, property management , leasing, and marketing activities for its centres. Its portfolio included investment interests in 40 shopping centres across
2187-632: The Upper North Shore to the Hawkesbury river. Western Sydney experiences a humid subtropical climate ( Köppen climate classification : Cfa ) with the annual temperatures having an average maximum of 23 °C (73 °F) and a minimum of 12 °C (54 °F), making the region a few degrees warmer than the Sydney CBD . Maximum summer temperatures average at around 27 to 31 °C (81 to 88 °F) and winter temperatures are mild, averaging at around 16 to 20 °C (61 to 68 °F), depending on
2268-741: The West-Sydney location, and "field", due to having been located on subdivided farmland. The centre was opened by John Saunders and Frank Lowy. The company was floated on the Australian Stock Exchange in 1960 and built another five centres in New South Wales before expanding into Victoria and Queensland in 1966–67. The expansion into the United States began with the purchase of the Trumbull Shopping Park in Connecticut in 1977, and
2349-472: The house sparrow , common myna and feral pigeon are ubiquitous in the CBD areas of Sydney. Possums , bandicoots , rabbits , feral cats , lizards , snakes and frogs may also be present in the urban environment, albeit seldom in city centres . The Sydney area lies on Triassic shales and sandstones with low rolling hills and wide valleys in a rain shadow area. Sydney sprawls over two major regions:
2430-415: The understory , reminiscent of Mediterranean forests . It has been calculated that around 98,000 hectares of native vegetation remains in the Sydney metropolitan area, about half of what is likely to have been existing at the time of European arrival. The endemic flora is home to a variety of bird , insect , reptile and mammal species, which are conspicuous in urban areas. Introduced birds such as
2511-609: The Australian Stock Exchange as WRT. This trust was folded into the Scentre Group during the 2014 split. In December 2017, the Westfield Board announced that it was recommending a takeover of the company by Unibail-Rodamco , one of the largest real estate companies in Europe, for a reported $ 24.8 billion USD. The takeover was completed, and the parent company was renamed Unibail-Rodamco-Westfield , in June 2018 . Westfield had interests in over 100 shopping malls worldwide, including
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2592-461: The Blue Mountains westwards of these country plains. Abbotsbury , Cecil Hills and Glenmore Park were farms through until the 1980s when it was decided to redevelop them for housing. The area around the site of Regentville has remained largely rural, if hemmed in somewhat by the modern residential suburbs of Jamisontown and Glenmore Park. In the 1800s, John Blaxland built an original wooden weir at "Grove Farm" (now known as Wallacia ) for
2673-472: The Bureau of Statistics, areas with the highest percentage of Christians were found in the western and south-western suburbs such as, Bossley Park (85%), Grasmere (82.3%), Theresa Park (81.1%), Abbotsbury (81%) and Horsley Park (79.6%), with the most popular denominations being Catholic and Anglican , respectively. The suburbs east of those, in the City of Canterbury-Bankstown and Camden Council , had
2754-678: The English manner. Originally constructed under Governor Hunter in 1799 to reflect the economic importance of the Parramatta district, the building remains today Australia's oldest public building and was given World Heritage Listing by UNESCO in 2010. In 1803 a government stock farm was established in what was to become the Riverstone / Marsden Park area, on the basis of the abundant water supply and good grazing land there, and also in Smithfield , due to its good soil and dependable water supply . Windsor
2835-607: The Fletchers company and progressively rebranded them. In 2007, with Westfield Albany , the company opened a new centre in the country. On 9 May 2006, Westfield announced the sale of eight United States shopping centres which it deemed to fit outside its strategic plan, to Centro Properties Group . In 2010, the Westfield Group split 50% of its Australian and New Zealand assets into the Westfield Retail Trust, trading on
2916-454: The Parramatta region as a promising area for expansion and moved many of the convicts from late 1788 to establish a small township, which became the main centre of the colony's economic life. Nevertheless, poor equipment and unfamiliar soils and climate continued to hamper the expansion of farming from Farm Cove to Parramatta and Toongabbie . In February 1793, the Auburn area was established as
2997-605: The Sydney area are on three sides: to the west the Blue Mountains, and to the north and south, the Hornsby and Woronora plateau . The centre of the Sydney basin is located beneath Fairfield . Bringelly Shale and Minchinbury Sandstone are often seen in the greater western parts of Sydney, which are part of the Wianamatta Shale group. The Prospect dolerite intrusion in Pemulwuy
3078-422: The Sydney basin. They may exacerbate fire danger in the warm months, although they usually tend to occur between late winter and early spring when westerly cold fronts become more frequent and would therefore be blocked by the ranges – This phenomenon thereby permits the late winter and early spring period to feature the highest amount of clear days in the year. It should be worth noting that Richmond features
3159-595: The United States and Europe, encompassing around 7,500 retail outlets and total assets under management in excess of $ 28.5 billion. It also operated Westfield Labs, a technology and design arm based inside the Westfield San Francisco Centre . The first development of the Westfield Corporation was named "Westfield Place", and opened in July 1959 in Blacktown . The name Westfield is derived from "west", related to
3240-656: The United States, the United Kingdom, France, Spain, Germany, Poland, Sweden, The Netherlands and Italy. West of Sydney Greater Western Sydney ( GWS ) is a large region of the metropolitan area of Greater Sydney , New South Wales (NSW), Australia that generally embraces the north-west, south-west, central-west, far western and the Blue Mountains sub-regions within Sydney's metropolitan area and encompasses 11 local government areas : Blacktown , Blue Mountains , Camden , Campbelltown , Cumberland , Fairfield , Hawkesbury , Liverpool , Parramatta , Penrith and Wollondilly . It includes Western Sydney , which has
3321-556: The WSROC region covers 5,800 square kilometres (2,200 sq mi) and had an estimated resident population as at 30 June 2008 of 1,665,673. The region comprises the areas administered by the Blacktown City Council , Blue Mountains City Council , City of Canterbury-Bankstown , Cumberland Council , Fairfield City Council , Hawkesbury City Council , Hills Shire Council , Liverpool City Council , City of Parramatta Council , and
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3402-477: The area that was greater western Sydney before European settlement regarded the region as rich in food from the river and forests. Parramatta was founded in 1788, the same year as Sydney, making it the second oldest city in Australia. Opened in 1811, Parramatta Road , which navigates into the heart of greater western Sydney, is one of Sydney's oldest roads and Australia's first highway between two cities – Sydney central business district (CBD) and Parramatta, which
3483-462: The broad expanse of the Nepean River and Penrith . Windsor Road , one of the oldest roads in Sydney, was opened in 1794. In 1795, Matthew Flinders and George Bass explored up the Georges River for about 20 miles beyond what had been previously surveyed, and reported favourably to Governor John Hunter of the land on its banks. The earliest recorded white settlement in the Fairfield district
3564-519: The coast. The area that later became Campbelltown was inhabited prior to European settlement by the Tharawal people . For more than 30,000 years, Aboriginal people from the Gandangara tribe have lived in the Fairfield area. The people of what is now known as Carlingford , a suburb on the eastern peripheries of the greater west, were the Wallumedegal people, who practised fire-stick farming along
3645-432: The districts of Ku-ring-gai , Hornsby Shire and The Hills Shire in the north were the most religious areas in Sydney, and were formerly known as being part of Sydney's " bible belt ". Today however, the western suburbs have become Sydney's so-called believer belt, with a high proportion of believers found in a band of suburbs that span the cities of Liverpool, Fairfield, Cumberland and Canterbury-Bankstown. According to
3726-558: The eastern end of the 150th meridian , which is a line that passes through the Russian city of Magadan in the northern hemisphere. In 1820s, Peter Cunningham described the country west of Parramatta and Liverpool as "a fine timbered country, perfectly clear of bush , through which you might, generally speaking, drive a gig in all directions, without any impediment in the shape of rocks, scrubs , or close forest". This confirmed earlier accounts by Governor Arthur Phillip , who suggested that
3807-1081: The far-western suburbs, such as Campbelltown , Camden , Penrith and Richmond. These low temperatures often occur when the night sky is clear and the ground can radiate heat back into the atmosphere. Winter nights, though, are typically a few degrees cooler and frost is not uncommon in some areas, especially those in the far west such as Penrith and Richmond . Spring temperatures are highly variable, with temperatures fluctuating quite often. September will normally see 1 day reaching above 30 °C (86 °F), and extremely rare, above 35 °C (95 °F). Cool days in September can occur, occasionally failing to reach 15 °C (59 °F). October and November show high variability, where hot north-westerlies can cause temperatures to rise above 35 °C (95 °F), and even above 40 °C (104 °F) in November, while cool days below 20 °C (68 °F) are also quite common. The average minimum temperature increases throughout
3888-598: The first free-agricultural settlement thanks to Governor Phillip's repeated applications to the British government for free settlers, and by the end of that decade Prospect , West Pennant Hills , Baulkham Hills and Greystanes were established. Eighteen months after the landing of the First Fleet, an exploring party led by Captain Watkin Tench set out to further findings made by Governor Phillip where, in 1789, they discovered
3969-600: The first night below 10 °C (50 °F) often occurring in April. Winter temperatures often show a higher variation in late winter than early winter, with a day in August rarely reaching above 27 °C (81 °F), which is unknown in June and July. Winter daytime average around between 15 and 20 °C (59 and 68 °F). Winter nights average 6.9 °C (44.4 °F), although a few nights per year see temperatures fall below 2 °C (36 °F), mostly in July. Nights reaching below 0 °C (32 °F) more often occur in
4050-487: The first shopping centre to have all three department stores present in South Australia at the time, ( David Jones , Harris Scarfe and Myer ) as well as all three discount department stores ( Big W , Kmart and Target ). In June 2024, a group of teens started fighting; expandable batons were reportedly used. It has been reported that the fighting was over stealing a hoodie from a different teen. Marion shopping centre
4131-496: The greatest temperature range ever recorded in Australia; −8.3 °C (17.1 °F) to 47.8 °C (118.0 °F). Western Sydney is much warmer than Sydney city in summer. During this time, daytime temperatures can be 5 °C (9 °F) warmer than the city (in extreme cases the West can even be 10 °C (18 °F) hotter ). This is because sea breezes in the City do not penetrate
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#17330945170624212-446: The heart of the central business district areas of Fairfield , Mount Druitt , Guildford , Cabramatta , Merrylands , Rosehill , Granville , Canley Vale and Auburn . Yennora is known to be the most poorest suburb of western Sydney overall, where the median personal income is just $ 19,000, followed by Landsdowne , Blairmount , Wiley Park , Campsie , Roselands , Carramar , Villawood and Punchbowl . Furthmore, Claymore in
4293-446: The highest anywhere in Australia (excluding remote indigenous communities). Other Western Sydney suburbs, such as Fairfield , Bankstown and Canley Vale , are also over 80%. Although many of these communities are Australian-born (including Arabic speakers, with about 50% born therein), Western Sydney still is the main centre of Australian migration, with 60% of new arrivals settling in greater western Sydney in between 2006 and 2011, with
4374-447: The hilly Northern Suburbs. However, there are still a number of ridgy areas on the plain — Western Sydney Parklands , one of the largest parklands in the world , and Prospect Hill, the only area in Sydney with ancient volcanic activity , are between 120 and 140 metres (390 and 460 ft) high. Highly elevated suburbs, which typically range between 70 and 100 metres (230 and 330 ft) in height, include Leppington and Oran Park to
4455-519: The inland areas. Northwesterlies occasionally bring hot winds from the desert that raise temperatures as high as 40 °C (104 °F). Though southerly busters may still end the hot conditions. The humidity in the summer is usually in the comfortable range, though some days can be slightly humid (due to the ocean proximity) or very dry (due to the heat from the desert ). In early autumn, hot days are possible, with temperatures above 37 °C (99 °F) possible in March, but quite rare. April
4536-611: The location. Autumn and spring are the transitional seasons, with spring showing a larger variation than autumn in terms of temperatures. Rainfall is almost evenly spread throughout the year, although the first few months tend to be wetter, namely February through to April. The months from July through to December tend to be drier (late winter through to early summers). Thunderstorms are common in late summer and early autumn. Winters are pleasantly cool and relatively sunny (especially August), although east coast lows can bring large amounts of rainfall , especially in June. Most suburbs in
4617-465: The major population growth zones in the north-west and south-west of Sydney, it contains more than 1,000 manufacturing, wholesale, transport and service firms which employ more than 20,000 persons. While overall a lower income area for Sydney, with families who are dependent on childcare as both parents work, and higher than average unemployment and lower than average salary levels, it has some exceedingly high income suburbs nonetheless. Namely,
4698-578: The majority coming from India, China, Iraq , the Philippines and Vietnam . Furthermore, GWS also has more Indigenous Australian residents than either South Australia or Victoria, making it the largest indigenous community in Australia. These are some of the largest population groups of Australia's non-English speakers found in Western Sydney: Western Sydney is the most religious and socially conservative region in Sydney. Previously,
4779-471: The mid 2020s, Penrith is slated to become another CBD, with the airport creating 35,000 jobs by 2035. Agriculture is mainly concentrated in the outskirts of the Greater Western Sydney area, such as in suburbs of Kemps Creek , Mount Vernon , Mulgoa , Bringelly , Silverdale , Orchard Hills , Luddenham and Horsley Park , among others, which lie in a countryside adjacent to the footsteps of
4860-454: The most common faith. The region's major city centre is Parramatta, and the rest of the LGAs are growing immensely when it comes population, economic opportunity and environmental diversity. In the early 2010s, urban development has occurred in places like Camden, Campbelltown and Penrith, while Parramatta and Blacktown have grown rapidly. The GWS region overall grew at 2.1% in 2014 and 1.6% p.a. for
4941-499: The most likely place for a successful large farm, making it the second European settlement in Australia, after Sydney. Old Toongabbie was established in the same year. The Sydney Cove region originally settled in 1788 turned out to be unsuitable for farming, and after a number of years of near- famine in the colony, efforts were made to relocate food production inland to hopefully more climatically stable regions. Phillip sent exploratory missions in search of better soils and fixed on
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#17330945170625022-467: The north to Campbelltown in the south, Lidcombe and Roselands in the east, with the A3 creating the boundary between the greater west and inner West , to Penrith and the lower parts of the Blue Mountains in the far west. The 151st meridian east passes through the heart of western Sydney, namely in the suburbs of Castle Hill , Parramatta , Granville , and Revesby , with the suburbs west of those being on
5103-551: The northern banks of the Parramatta River, which encouraged animals to graze , thus enhancing the ease of hunting and gathering . Most of the natives died due to introduced diseases, such as smallpox , following the arrival of the First Fleet , and the remainder were largely relocated to government farms and a series of settlements. In 1788, Governor Arthur Phillip had reconnoitred several places before choosing Parramatta as
5184-479: The past decade. The South-West, such as, Leppington , spanning Liverpool, Camden and Campbelltown councils, had higher number of families. The region's population is projected to reach 3 million by 2036. The more recent suburban developments tend to be less leafy than more established Sydney neighbourhoods. Home to around 1 in every 11 Australians, the 2 million inhabitants of GWS live in 743,940 dwellings with an average household size of 3.02. While Sydney CBD and
5265-429: The region to central Sydney. The region is also served by several bus operators . Sydney Metro's Sydney Metro West and Western Sydney Airport Metro projects are currently under construction in the region. The M4 Western Motorway is a prominent dual carriageway motorway in western Sydney, that stretches from North Strathfield in the east, where it connects with the Great Western Highway / Parramatta Road as
5346-411: The rural areas include a number of orchards and vineyards in the meadows . Vegetable farming and fruit picking are common activities. Railway lines in Greater Western Sydney include the Main Western railway line , Main Southern railway line , Bankstown railway line , Richmond railway line , Main Suburban railway line , East Hills railway line and Old Main South railway line , connecting
5427-413: The season, September can still have nights falling below 5 °C (41 °F). October and November occasionally have nights falling below 10 °C (50 °F). The residents of GWS come from more than 170 countries and speak over 100 different languages and 12% of them, namely the newcomers, do not speak English very well. Cabramatta is made up of 87.7% of people from non-English speaking backgrounds,
5508-400: The south west of Sydney. Until the 1950s, Liverpool was still a satellite town with an agricultural economy based on poultry farming and market gardening . However the urban sprawl of Sydney across the Cumberland Plain soon reached Liverpool, and it became an outer suburb of metropolitan Sydney with a strong working-class presence and manufacturing facilities. In the 1950s and 1960s, there
5589-505: The southwest was listed as one of the most socially disadvantaged areas in New South Wales. Nonetheless, the rest of the GWS region is generally made up of a middle class population, with such even found in both affluent and low income suburbs. Due to Parramatta's emergence as "Sydney's second CBD", livability in the surrounding western suburbs has been advancing, with Harris Park being 63rd most liveable area by Domain Group , followed by Parramatta at 110 and Rosehill at 187. Further to
5670-534: The southwest, Pemulwuy , Cecil Hills and Horsley Park to the greater west, and Greystanes , Seven Hills and Mount Druitt to the northwest. The main plant communities in the Greater Western Sydney region are sclerophyll grassy woodlands (i.e. savannas ), dry sclerophyll forests and small pockets of wet sclerophyll forests to the northeast as one approaches the Hornsby Plateau . The grassy woodlands contain eucalyptus trees which are usually in open woodlands that have sclerophyllous shrubs and sparse grass in
5751-599: The southwest. High school retention rates for years 7 to 12 are the lowest in the Sydney metropolitan area, recording 69.5% compared to 95.2% in Northern Sydney. In 2009, twice as many people in GWS aged 15 or older hadn't attended school at all compared to the rest of Sydney and NSW. The region has strong automobile dependency with consequent effects on air quality , health, quality of life and household budgets. The Department of Planning and Infrastructure Metropolitan Strategy for Sydney divides Greater Western Sydney into three sub-regions: Western Sydney as defined by
5832-875: The suburb of The Ponds , in the City of Blacktown, which is the most highly advantaged suburb in NSW on the SEIFA index of advantage-disadvantage, ahead of suburbs on the North Shore , such as St Ives and Avalon . Other affluent suburbs in western Sydney, ranging from upper middle class to upper class neighbourhoods, include, Acacia Gardens , Bella Vista , Castle Hill , Cherrybrook , Pemulwuy , Rouse Hill , Schofields , Edmondson Park , Beaumont Hills , Glenmore Park , Cecil Hills , Elizabeth Hills , Middleton Grange , Carnes Hill , Oran Park , Ropes Crossing , Leppington and Spring Farm , among others. Lower middle class and working class neighbourhoods are mainly concentrated near
5913-760: The surrounding suburbs. Opened in December 1985, in Eastern Creek , Wonderland Sydney was the largest amusement park in the southern hemisphere until its closure in 2004. In 2015, the Abbott government granted 12,000 extra humanitarian visas to persecuted Christians , largely the Assyrians , in the war-torn Middle Eastern countries, which were admitted to Australia as part of its one-off humanitarian intake, with half of them primarily settling in Fairfield and also Liverpool. The Greater Western Sydney region spans from Windsor in
5994-469: The trees were "growing at a distance of some twenty to forty feet from each other, and in general entirely free from brushwood..." Greater western Sydney predominantly lie on the Cumberland Plain and are relatively flat in contrast to the above regions. The region is situated on a rain shadow , thanks to the Hills District to the northeast, where they tend to be drier than the coast and less lush than
6075-467: The west have an annual precipitation that averages at around 700 to 900 mm (28 to 35 in), in contrast to Sydney CBD's 1,217 mm (48 in). Sydney usually experiences a föhn effect that originates from the Great Dividing Range , where the lifting of winds on the windward side of the Blue Mountains forces the air to gradually warm up and lose moisture as the winds descend into
6156-474: The west, Penrith warranted a spot in the top 200 suburbs of the 555 on the list. Seven of the top ten suburbs for home purchasers were more than 20 kilometres (12 mi) west of the Sydney CBD, which included areas with high construction activity such as Baulkham Hills , Castle Hill, Liverpool and Blacktown, which has become Sydney's most popular area for home buyers, with more sales than any other suburb. This
6237-663: Was a large amount of suburban development both in the current suburb of Blacktown and the new suburbs that sprung up around it, which led to civic development in the town centre with the Blacktown Hospital opening in 1965. In the 1960s and 1970s, migration from south-east Asia as a result of the Vietnam War transformed Cabramatta into a thriving Asian community. Also in the 1970s, an influx of Middle Eastern immigrants, namely Lebanese people , settled in Lidcombe , Bankstown and
6318-482: Was a popular recreational site of the early 20th century due to its waterways and meadows. During World War II, Bankstown Airport was established as a key strategic air base to support the war effort and the control of Bankstown Airport was handed to US Forces . Campbelltown was designated in the early 1960s as a satellite city by the New South Wales Planning Authority, and a regional capital for
6399-477: Was built as Sydney's main water supply in the 1880s. The Upper Nepean Scheme was commenced in 1880 after it was realised that the Botany Swamps scheme was insufficient to meet Sydney's water supply needs. By the latter part of the nineteenth century coarse-grained picrite , and other dolorite rock types were being extracted from William Lawson 's estate on the west and north sides of Prospect Hill. Lansvale
6480-507: Was followed by three centres in California, Michigan, and Connecticut in 1980 and three centres in California, New Jersey, and Long Island, New York, in 1986. In 1994, Westfield collaborated with General Growth and Whitehall Real Estate to purchase 19 centres for US$ 1 billion. By 2005, the company owned centres in 15 US states. In the 1990s, Westfield began a major expansion to New Zealand , where they mostly bought existing shopping centres of
6561-592: Was put into lockdown amid fears of a recent incident that took place in another Westfield shopping centre a few months earlier - the Westfield Bondi incident . Westfield Corporation Westfield Corporation was an Australian commercial real estate company and operator of shopping centres . It was founded with the spin-off of the Westfield Group in 2014, where assets in Australia and New Zealand formed
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