Scenic design, also known as stage design or set design , is the creation of scenery for theatrical productions including plays and musicals . The term can also be applied to film and television productions, where it may be referred to as production design . Scenic designers create sets and scenery to support the overall artistic goals of the production. Scenic design is an aspect of scenography , which includes theatrical set design as well as light and sound.
11-652: Maria Elena Björnson (16 February 1949 – 13 December 2002) was a theatre designer . She was born in Paris to a Norwegian father and Romanian mother. She was the great-granddaughter of the Norwegian playwright Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson , who won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1903. Björnson was born in Paris on 16 February 1949. Her father Bjørn was a businessman from Norway, but was not involved in her upbringing; her mother, Mia Prodan,
22-485: Is a sub-division of stagecraft . The production management team (consisting of a production manager and any number of assistants) is responsible for realizing the visions of the producer and the director or choreographer within constraints of technical possibility. This involves coordinating the operations of various production sub-disciplines ( scenic , costume design , lighting , sound , projection , automation , video , pyrotechnics , stage management , etc.) of
33-423: The theatre director and other members of the creative team to establish a visual concept for the production and to design the stage environment. They are responsible for developing a complete set of design drawings that include: In planning, scenic designers often make multiple scale models and renderings . Models are often made before final drawings are completed for construction. These precise drawings help
44-424: The 19th and 20th centuries. Scenic design involves several key elements: Set Pieces : These are physical structures, such as platforms, walls, and furniture, that define the spatial environment of the performance. Props : Objects used by actors during a performance, which help to establish the setting and enhance the narrative. Backdrops: Painted or digitally projected backdrops and flat scenery that create
55-653: The Opera – for which she won a Tony Award for Best Scenic Design and for Best Costume Design , and a Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Set Design and for Outstanding Costume Design – and the Trevor Nunn production of Aspects of Love . Björnson was course director for theatre design at the Central School of Art and Design. On 13 December 2002, Björnson died from a seizure at her home in Hammersmith , London, aged 53, and
66-476: The illusion of depth and perspective on stage. Lighting : Setting the tone, ambiance, and focal point of the performance, lighting design is an essential component of scenic design. Functionality: In order to meet the demands of the actors, crew, and technical specifications of the show, and sets must be useful and practical. When building the set, designers have to take accessibility, perspectives, entrances, and exits into account. A scenic designer works with
77-626: The presentation. In addition to management and financial skills, a production manager must have detailed knowledge of all production disciplines including a thorough understanding of the interaction of these disciplines during the production process. This may involve dealing with matters ranging from the procurement of staff, materials and services, to freight , customs coordination , telecommunications , labor relations, logistics , information technology , government liaison , venue booking, scheduling, operations management, mending delay problems and workplace safety . This theatre -related article
88-1621: The scenic designer effectively communicate with other production staff, especially the technical director , production manager , charge scenic artist , and prop master . In Europe and Australia , many scenic designers are also responsible for costume design , lighting design and sound design . They are commonly referred to as theatre designers, scenographers , or production designers. Scenic design often involves skills such as carpentry , architecture , textual analysis , and budgeting . Many modern scenic designers use 3D CAD models to produce design drawings that used to be done by hand. Some notable scenic designers include: Adolphe Appia , Boris Aronson , Alexandre Benois , Alison Chitty , Antony McDonald , Barry Kay , Caspar Neher , Cyro Del Nero , Aleksandra Ekster , David Gallo , Edward Gordon Craig , Es Devlin , Ezio Frigerio , Christopher Gibbs , Franco Zeffirelli , George Tsypin , Howard Bay , Inigo Jones , Jean-Pierre Ponnelle , Jo Mielziner , John Lee Beatty , Josef Svoboda , Ken Adam , Léon Bakst , Luciano Damiani , Maria Björnson , Ming Cho Lee , Philip James de Loutherbourg , Natalia Goncharova , Nathan Altman , Nicholas Georgiadis , Oliver Smith , Ralph Koltai , Emanuele Luzzati , Neil Patel , Robert Wilson , Russell Patterson , Brian Sidney Bembridge , Santo Loquasto , Sean Kenny , Todd Rosenthal , Robin Wagner , Tony Walton , Louis Daguerre , Ralph Funicello , and Roger Kirk . Production manager (theatre) Theatrical production management
99-469: Was buried in Kensal Green Cemetery. In 2006, the refurbished Young Vic opened a new studio theatre named the "Maria" in honour of Björnson. The first performance there was Love and Money by Dennis Kelly , directed by Matthew Dunster and designed by Anna Fleischle . In the 2011 25th Anniversary Concert of The Phantom of the Opera, the chandelier, considered Maria's greatest stage triumph,
110-689: Was from Romania. Both were from theatrical families. Björnson was raised by her mother and grew up in London. She studied at the Lycée Français , and then at the Byam Shaw School of Art and at the Central School of Art and Design . She designed sets and costumes for theatre, ballet and opera. She worked for the Royal Shakespeare Company , and designed Andrew Lloyd Webber 's The Phantom of
121-568: Was named Maria in honour of her with the name inlaid on the inside of the $ 2M set piece. Theatre designer The origins of scenic design may be found in the outdoor amphitheaters of ancient Greece, when acts were staged using basic props and scenery. Because of improvements in stage equipment and drawing perspectives throughout the Renaissance, more complex and realistic sets could be created for scenic design. Scenic design evolved in conjunction with technological and theatrical improvements over
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