54-588: Many Peaks is a town in Gladstone Region in Queensland , Australia. It is one of four small townships within the locality of Boyne Valley along with Nagoorin , Builyan and Ubobo . Gureng Gureng (also known as Gooreng Gooreng, Goreng Goreng, Goeng, Gurang, Goorang Goorang, Korenggoreng) is an Australian Aboriginal language spoken by the Gureng Gureng people. The Gooreng Gooreng language region includes
108-577: A unitary authority , but the Australian Bureau of Statistics refers to the whole of the ACT as an unincorporated area. The ACT Government directorate Transport Canberra & City Services handles responsibilities that are under the purview of local government in other parts of Australia, such as local road maintenance, libraries and waste collection. Many Canberra districts have community organisations called "community councils", but these are not part of
162-586: A geographic or historical interpretation. The council board members are generally known as councillors , and the head councillor is called the mayor . As of August 2016, there were 547 local councils in Australia. Despite the single tier of local governance in Australia, there are a number of extensive regions with relatively low populations that are not a part of any established LGA. Powers of local governments in these unincorporated areas may be exercised by special-purpose governing bodies established outside of
216-469: A hard stand, and a number of meeting rooms. Gladstone's port is Queensland's largest multi-commodity port, handling more than 79 Mt of cargo annually. As a government owned corporation, Gladstone Ports Corporation (GPC) controls and manages the facility. GPC is unique among Australian port authorities because it acts as a 'landlord' as well as owning and operating cargo handling facilities. The GPC provides 35 hectares of recreational waterfront facilities at
270-535: A larger workload. The growth of the Regional Organisations of Councils has also been a factor in local government reform in Australia. In 1995, there were 50 such agreements across the country. A 2002 study identified 55 ROCs with the largest involving 18 councils. Local government powers are determined by state governments, and states have primary responsibility for funding and exclusive responsibility for supervision of local councils. Local government
324-678: A mayor. In the 2016 census , the Gladstone Region had a population of 61,640 people. In the 2021 census , the Gladstone Region had a population of 63,515 people. The first mayor of the Gladstone Regional Council was George Creed , who had been the mayor of the Calliope Shire Council. Creed retired due to ill-health in September 2010, and died November 2010. He was succeeded by Gail Sellers. The mayor since March 2016
378-498: A network of public libraries, located at Agnes Water , Boyne Island , Calliope , Gladstone Central , Miriam Vale and Mount Larcom . The council operate the Gladstone Entertainment & Convention Centre at 58 Goondoon Street, Gladstone Central . It features an auditorium seating 674 people, a flat floor space which can accommodate 1,500 people standing, an outdoor 600 square metres (6,500 sq ft) marquee on
432-403: A shift from 'services to property' towards 'services to people'. Community expectations of local government in Australia have risen in the 21st century partly as a result of wider participation in decision-making and transparent management practices. Recent years have seen some State governments devolving additional powers onto LGAs. In Queensland and Western Australia LGAs have been granted
486-622: A third reduction line which increased aluminium production from 260,000 to more than 558,000 tonnes per annum. Cement Australia Gladstone is the largest cement Plant in Australia and uses state of the art technology. The plant is Australia's most efficient and is the leading environmental performer in the industry. Cement Australia Gladstone has a production capacity of over 1.6 million tonnes per annum and processes limestone, clay, silica sand and copper slag to produce and supply cement and clinker throughout Australia and overseas destinations, as well as cement in bulk or in bags. RTA has been part of
540-678: Is Matthew James (Matt) Burnett. The Gladstone Region includes the following settlements: Gladstone area: Calliope area: Miriam Vale area: The council controls the assets of the Gladstone Airport which was previously operated by the Gladstone Calliope Aerodrome Board . This Board was a statutory body made up of representatives of the City of Gladstone and Shire of Calliope . The council has three administration centres, located at: The council operates
594-798: Is Miriam Vale State School in Miriam Vale which offers secondary schooling to Year 10. For Years 11 and 12, the nearest schools are Gladstone State High School in West Gladstone , Rosedale State School in Rosedale and Monto State High School in Monto . The Dawes Range Tunnel section of the Boyne Burnett Inland Rail Trail was opened on 11 September 2021. The 26.28-kilometre (16.33 mi) section starts at Barrimoon Siding, Kalpowar and finishes at Builyan , Boyne Valley . The trail passes through
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#1732898352062648-565: Is a local government area in Queensland , Australia. The council covers an area of 10,484 square kilometres (4,048 sq mi), and has an estimated operating budget of A$ 84 million. In the 2021 census , the Gladstone Region had a population of 63,515 people. Gladstone Region came into being on 15 March 2008 as a result of the report of the Local Government Reform Commission released in July 2007. The legal standing of
702-517: Is mentioned in the annotated Australian constitution, as a department of the State Governments, and they are mentioned in the constitutions of each of the six states. Under the Constitution, the federal government cannot provide funding directly to local governments; a 1974 referendum sought to amend the Constitution to authorise the federal government to directly fund local governments, but it
756-447: Is part of a local government area. Unincorporated areas are often in remote locations, cover vast areas, or have very small populations. Queensland and Tasmania are entirely partitioned into LGAs and have no unincorporated areas. The Australian Capital Territory (ACT) has no municipalities. The ACT government is responsible for both state-level and local-level matters. In some countries, such an arrangement would be referred to as
810-504: Is subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state/territory it belongs to. The functions and practices of local councils are mostly centered around managing public services and land uses at the community level, and are similar throughout Australia, but can vary to some degree between jurisdictions. State departments oversee the activities of local councils and may intervene in their affairs when needed, subject to relevant legislation. For more details in each state and territory, see
864-585: Is the City of Brisbane , the most populous LGA in the country, which administers a significant part of the Brisbane metropolitan area . In most cases, when a city's population statistics are used, it is the statistical division population rather than the local government area. The following table provides a summary of local government areas by states and territories by local government area types as of December 2023: The Australian Classification of Local Governments (ACLG) categorises local governing authorities using
918-639: The Local Government Act does not mandate adopting a designation, some local government areas are legally known simply as "council", such as Port Macquarie-Hastings Council , Inner West Council and Federation Council . Some rural areas in South Australia are known as "district council", and all the LGAs in Tasmania that were previously municipalities have been renamed "council". Almost all local councils have
972-703: The Pastoral Unincorporated Area in South Australia . Local governments are subdivisions of the six federated states as well as the Northern Territory . The Australian Capital Territory has no separate local government, and municipal functions in Canberra and the surrounding regions (normally performed by local governments in other states) are performed by the ACT territorial government. The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS), however, considers
1026-759: The Top End region, the Northern Territory Rates Act Area and Darwin Waterfront Precinct within Darwin , Nhulunbuy on the Gove Peninsula , Alyangula on Groote Eylandt , and Yulara in Central Australia . In South Australia , 63% of the state's area is unincorporated. Residents in this area – less than 0.2% of the state's population – receive municipal services provided by a state agency,
1080-645: The United States , there is only one tier of local government in each Australian state/territory, with no distinction between counties and cities . The Australian local government is generally run by a council , and its territory of public administration is referred to generically by the Australian Bureau of Statistics as the local government area or LGA , each of which encompasses multiple suburbs or localities (roughly equivalent to neighborhoods) often of different postcodes ; however, stylised terms such as "city", " borough ", " region " and " shire " also have
1134-527: The states and territories , and in turn beneath the federal government . Local government is not mentioned in the Constitution of Australia , and two referendums in 1974 and 1988 to alter the Constitution relating to local government were unsuccessful. Every state/territory government recognises local government in its own respective constitution . Unlike the two-tier local government system in Canada or
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#17328983520621188-603: The Gladstone community for over 40 years. RTA maintains a significant shareholding in Queensland Alumina Ltd, the Gladstone Power Station and a shareholding and management of Boyne Smelters Limited. A 2008 Socio-economic study found that Rio Tinto Alcan contributed A$ 3.34 billion annually into the region‟s economy. RTAY was constructed between 2002 and 2004 at a capital cost of A$ 1.4 billion. Stage One of RTAY has
1242-437: The Gladstone region for over 40 years. As a shareholder in other local industry operations including Rio Tinto Alcan Yarwun, Queensland Alumina Limited (QAL) and the Gladstone Power Station, RTA maintains significant contributions of A$ 3.34 billion into the region‟s economy annually. BSL has been in operation since 1982 and over time has undergone extensive expansion. The smelter underwent a A$ 1 billion expansion in 1997 introducing
1296-604: The Local Heritage Register of Gladstone Regional Council. It also passes historic townships with their Local Heritage listed attractions. As part of Sister Cities Australia Inc. (SCA) the Gladstone Region began a Sister City relationship with Saiki City , Oita Prefecture, Japan in 1996. Local government in Australia [REDACTED] [REDACTED] Local government is the third level of government in Australia , administered with limited autonomy under
1350-574: The Theatre Grand, a large building, also damaged due to a lack of an available fire brigade or sufficient water to fight the blaze. Nicholas Gianis Veneris (Nicholas Hellen) purchased a property with an established café and fruit orchard in Many Peaks in 1915-1916 and in time he was to become one of the first Greek immigrants to serve as a Councillor for the Calliope Shire Council. Many Peaks Railway Camp Provisional School opened on 23 Oct 1922 as part of
1404-512: The capacity to provide 1.4 million tonnes of smelter grade alumina per annum and with the construction of Stage Two currently taking place the refinery will increase its production capacity to 3.4 million tonnes per annum. The Gladstone Region is the gateway to Great Barrier Reef islands and lagoons, including Heron , Lady Musgrave , North West and Wilson , among others. The Brisbane to Gladstone Yacht Race , with its associated harbour celebrations, and other destination events are held in
1458-631: The council is sourced from the Local Government Reform Act 2007 (Qld). The Gladstone Region was named after William Ewart Gladstone, British Chancellor of the Exchequer and he later became prime minister. The new Council, located in Central Queensland , contains the entire area of three former local government areas: The report recommended that the new local government area should not be divided into wards and elect eight councillors and
1512-450: The entire ACT as an " unincorporated " local government area, even though it is technically a state-level administrative region . Although all essentially identical in functions and jurisdictions, Australian local governments have a variety of different titles. The term "local government area" (LGA) is used by the ABS to collectively refer to all local government administrative zones regardless of
1566-504: The first half of the 20th century was the provision of physical infrastructure such as roads, bridges and sewerage. From the 1970s the emphasis changed to community facilities such as libraries and parks, maintenance of local roads, town planning and development approvals, and local services such as waste disposal. Child care, tourism and urban renewal were also beginning to be part of local governments' role. These are financed by collection of local land taxes known as "rates", and grants from
1620-448: The first time. Significant reforms took place in the 1980s and 1990s in which state governments used metrics and efficiency analysis developed within the private sector in the local government arena. Each state conducted an inquiry into the benefits of council amalgamations during the 1990s. In the early 1990s, Victoria saw the number of local councils reduced from 210 to 78. South Australia, Tasmania and Queensland saw some reductions in
1674-415: The following: The Australian Capital Territory is not divided into local government areas, so it is regarded as a single "unincorporated" local government area during censusing . Unlike many other countries, Australia has only one level of local government immediately beneath state and territorial governments. Aside from very sparsely populated areas and a few other special cases, almost all of Australia
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1728-496: The government (though they generally receive government funding). They do not have the power to change laws or policies, and their role is limited to advising government. They are effectively residents' associations . New South Wales has three unincorporated areas: In the Northern Territory , 1.47% of the total area and 3.0% of the population are in unincorporated areas. These include the Cox-Daly and Marrakai-Douglas Daly areas in
1782-399: The historic township of Many Peaks. This section contains 6 tunnels between Barrimoon Siding and Golembil Siding. The tunnels are Local Heritage listed. Tunnel Six is the only place 100 year old rail and hogback sleepers are preserved on any of the disused rail corridors in the state. Hogback sleepers have a round top. They are hand hewn from the hard dense iron bark trees growing adjacent to
1836-608: The local legislation, as with Victoria 's alpine resorts ; or directly administered by state/territory governments, such as the entirety of the Australian Capital Territory . The administrative area covered by local government councils in Australia ranges from as small as 1.5 km (0.58 sq mi) for the Shire of Peppermint Grove in the Perth metropolitan region , to as big as 624,339 km (241,059 sq mi) for
1890-510: The marina and Spinnaker Park, which includes barbecues, shade shelters, 250 mooring berths, playground equipment, walking trails and a man-made beach. Austicks Pty Ltd produces ice cream sticks from plantation-sourced timber. The factory, located at Gladstone, produces for both the domestic and export markets. Rio Tinto Alcan (RTA) is the largest shareholder in the Boyne Smelters Limited. (BSL) joint venture and has been operating in
1944-540: The mayor is elected by the board of fellow councillors . The powers of mayors vary as well; for example, mayors in Queensland have broad executive functions, whereas mayors in New South Wales are essentially ceremonial figureheads who can only exercise power at the discretion of the council. Most of the capital city LGAs administer only the central business districts and nearby central suburbs . A notable exception
1998-566: The names of LGAs, and today the stylised titles of " town ", " borough ", " municipality ", " district ", " region ", "community government", " Aboriginal council/shire" and "island" are used in addition. The word "municipality" occurs in some states with differing meanings: in New South Wales it is typically used for older urban areas, and the word is used for some rural towns in South Australia . Larger towns and small metropolitan exurban centres in Queensland and Western Australia simply use
2052-649: The number of local governments while Western Australia and New South Wales rejected compulsory mergers. New South Wales eventually forced the merging of some councils. The main purpose of amalgamating councils was for greater efficiency and to improve operations, but forced amalgamation of councils is sometimes seen as a dilution of representative democracy . An increase in the range of services offered by councils, but only minor cost savings of less than 10% have been noted by academics as outcomes after mergers. The council mergers have resulted in widespread job losses and lingering resentment from some whose roles have experienced
2106-597: The part of local governments. There is no mention of local government in the Constitution of Australia , though it is mentioned several times in the Annotated Constitution of Australia. "Municipal institutions and local government" appears in Annotation 447, and "Power of the Parliament of a Colony" appears under "Residuary Legislative Powers" on pages 935 and 936. The first official local government in Australia
2160-812: The population, the population density and the proportion of the population that is classified as being urban for the council. The classification, at the two-digit level, is: All local governments are approximately equal in their theoretical powers, although LGAs that encompass large cities such as Brisbane and the Gold Coast command more resources due to their larger population base. Unlike local governments in many other countries, services such as police, fire protection and schools are provided by respective state or territory governments rather than by local councils. However, local governments still maintain some responsibility for fire service functions within Queensland and Western Australia. The councils' chief responsibility in
2214-414: The power to independently enact their own local subsidiary legislation , in contrast to the previous system of by-laws . Councils also have organised their own representative structures such as Local Government Associations and Regional Organisations of Councils . Doctrines of New Public Management have shaped state government legislation towards increased freedoms aiming to allow greater flexibility on
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2268-526: The purpose of raising money to build roads in rural and outer-urban regions. Council representatives attended conventions before Federation , however local government was unquestionably regarded as outside the Constitutional realm. In the 1970s, the Whitlam government expanded the level of funding to local governments in Australia beyond grants for road construction. General purpose grants become available for
2322-499: The railway construction camp (57 Mile Camp) for the Gladstone to Monto railway line . In 1923, it was relocated south to the 63 Mile Camp. In 1926, it moved south to 67 Mile Camp and was renamed Barrimoon Provisional School (Barrimoon being the name of the railway station there). In 1927, it moved again to 74 Mile Camp and its name was changed in 1928 to Kalpowar Provisional School. In 1929, it moved to 82 Mile Camp and in September 1930 it
2376-436: The region. Lake Awoonga and several communities along the coast offer beach, boating and fishing facilities. In the hinterland, the 26.28 km (16.33 mi) Dawes Range Tunnel section of the Boyne Burnett Inland Rail Trail starts at Barrimoon Siding, Kalpowar and finishes at Builyan , Boyne Valley . This section contains six tunnels between Barrimoon Siding and Golembil Siding. These tunnels have been listed on
2430-408: The same administrative functions and similar political structures, regardless of their naming, and retain a particular designation ("shire", "borough", "town", "city") for historical reasons only. They will typically have an elected council and usually a mayor or shire president responsible for chairing meetings of the council. In some councils, the mayor is a directly elected figure, but in most cases
2484-493: The state and Commonwealth governments. They are caricatured as being concerned only with the "three Rs": Rates, Roads and Rubbish. However, the roles of local government areas in Australia have recently expanded as higher levels of government have devolved activities to the third tier. Examples include the provision of community health services, regional airports and pollution control as well as community safety and accessible transport. The changes in services has been described as
2538-606: The term "town", while in Victoria they are designated as "rural city". Historically, the word "borough" was common for small towns and suburban centers in Victoria, but nowadays only the Borough of Queenscliffe remains as the one and only borough in the entire country. New South Wales and Queensland have also introduced a new term "region" for outback LGAs formed by the amalgamation of smaller shires and rural cities. In New South Wales, where
2592-604: The towns of Bundaberg , Gin Gin and Miriam Vale extending south towards Childers , inland to Monto and Mt Perry . The township was briefly called Nanandu, but the name was changed back to Many Peaks in July 1909 to avoid being confused with the town of Nanango . The Many Peaks Range runs to the east and south east of the Boyne Valley. The Many Peaks Boarding House had been conducted by Mrs Nina Jensen at Nanandu for several years previously. Nanandu Post Office opened by August 1907,
2646-449: The track. While not on the rail trail, the Heritage listed Many Peaks Railway Dam is accessed by getting on to the (very low traffic) bitumen road at Many Peaks and riding back less than a kilometre. There is a new shelter shed, history information signage, toilet block and elevated lookout over the old weir. There is no drinking water available. Gladstone Region Gladstone Region
2700-501: The varying designations, whilst the local governing legislature itself is generally known as a council . In general, an urban / suburban LGA is called a " city ", as in the City of Melbourne , City of Canada Bay and City of Bunbury ; while an exurban / rural LGA covering a larger agricultural / natural area is usually called a " shire ", as in Shire of Mornington Peninsula , Shire of Banana and Lachlan Shire . Sometimes designations other than "city" or "shire" are used in
2754-539: Was defeated. A 1988 referendum sought to explicitly insert mention of local government in the federal constitution but this was comprehensively defeated. A further referendum was proposed in 2013 , but was cancelled due to the change in the election date . Federal government interaction with local councils happens regularly through the provision of federal grants to help fund local government managed projects. Local government in Australia has very limited legislative powers and no judicial powers , and executive -wise
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#17328983520622808-435: Was renamed Bancroft Provisional School. On 1 August 1931, it became Bancroft State School and remained there permanently until its closure on 31 December 1998. Many Peaks has a number of heritage-listed sites, including: There are no schools in Many Peaks. However, there are three primary schools at the other Boyne Valley township with the nearest being Builyan. There are no secondary schools in Boyne Valley. The nearest
2862-545: Was renamed Many Peaks in July 1909 and closed in 1977. Nanandu Provisional School opened in March 1909. On 1 April 1909, it was renamed Many Peaks State School. It closed in 1973. It was at 5 Wentworth Street ( 24°32′41″S 151°22′22″E / 24.5446°S 151.3727°E / -24.5446; 151.3727 ( Many Peaks State School (former) ) ). Three shops were destroyed by fire in Many Peaks in January 1916 with
2916-600: Was the Perth Town Trust , established in 1838, only three years after British settlement. The Adelaide Corporation followed, created by the province of South Australia in October 1840. The City of Melbourne and the Sydney Corporation followed, both in 1842. All of these early forms failed; it was not until the 1860s and 1870s that the various colonies established widespread stable forms of local government, mainly for
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