73-529: Annunzio Paolo Mantovani ( Italian: [anˈnuntsjo ˈpaːolo mantoˈvaːni] ; 15 November 1905 – 30 March 1980) was an Italian British conductor , composer and light orchestra -styled entertainer with a cascading strings musical signature. The book British Hit Singles & Albums stated that he was "Britain's most successful album act before the Beatles ... the first act to sell over one million stereo albums and [have] six albums simultaneously in
146-453: A string quartet . Much of his catalogue has reappeared on CD. There are also many compilations. A large number of CDs are available containing unauthorised recordings, billed as Mantovani or Mantovani Orchestra; for example the CD titled "The Mantovani Orchestra" released in 1997 contained a track from the 1980s Andrew Lloyd Webber musical " Cats ", which would have required posthumous conducting on
219-555: A "lighter" tradition of classical music in the 19th and early 20th centuries. In the UK, the light-music genre has its origin in the seaside and theatrical orchestras that flourished in Britain during the 19th and early 20th century. These played a wide repertoire of music, from classical music to arrangements of popular songs and ballads of the time. From this tradition came many specially written shorter orchestral pieces designed to appeal to
292-429: A Sunday . He also had a big influence on Brian May , Queen guitarist. During his lifetime, Mantovani did not always get respect from his fellow musicians. When George Martin first suggested overdubbing Paul McCartney 's recording of "Yesterday" with strings, McCartney's initial reaction, according to Martin, was that he did not want it sounding like Mantovani. Martin therefore used a more classical sound, employing
365-542: A church named after the patron saint of workers San Giuseppe . By 1991, over 3,000 christenings of second-generation Italians had been carried out there. In 2007, there were 82 Italian associations in Great Britain. A new ethnic minority group, nicknamed the Bangla-Italo, consisting of Bangladeshi Italians formed around London, Leicester and Manchester. There is no definitive number of Italians in
438-527: A hospitable haven, and brought with them cultural Italian ties. The fifteenth century also saw the birth of a pivotal Italo-Englishman in the form of John Florio , a famed language teacher, lexicographer , and translator. The Titus family is another significant group that settled in England in the time of the Renaissance . Notable was also Alberico Gentili 's contribution to the fields of international law, who
511-604: A jaunty, cheery feel. Light music pieces are usually presented individually or as movements within a suite, and are often given individual descriptive titles. These titles can sometimes be unusual or idiosyncratic, such as Frederic Curzon 's "Dance of the Ostracised Imp ". In keeping with this tradition of levity, pieces can also feature musical jokes at the expense of more "serious" works, such as Eric Fenby 's overture Rossini on Ilkla Moor or Arthur Wilkinson 's Beatlecracker Suite , which arranges songs by The Beatles in
584-498: A themed evening celebrating British culture between 1945 and 1955, which included Brian Kay's documentary Music for Everybody and a televised version of Friday Night is Music Night . In the UK, US and Canada, light music can still be heard on some of the radio channels that specialise in classical music: for example Classic FM in the UK, and XLNC1 in Mexico. A nationwide participatory festival of light music called "Light Fantastic"
657-574: A third of them worked as seamen on British ships, a third worked in jobs that serviced shipping, such as ships chandlers , seamen's lodgings etc., and most of the rest worked in the coal mines. In 1861,.... there were 119 Italians in Scotland, the majority of them in Glasgow . By 1901, the Italian population was 4051. By this time, the Italian communities were becoming more affluent. The Italian Scottish community
730-537: A tragedy occurred: the sinking of the ocean liner Arandora Star on 2 July 1940 resulted in the loss of over 700 lives, including 446 British-Italians being deported as undesirable. Italians comprised almost half of the ship's 1564 passengers; the rest were British soldiers, and Jewish refugees. Sailing for Canada from Liverpool , the unescorted Arandora Star was torpedoed by the German submarine U-47 and sank within 30 minutes. One historian describes it as
803-477: A wider audience. Composers such as Sir Edward Elgar wrote a number of popular works in this medium, such as the " Salut d'Amour ", the Nursery Suite , and Chanson de Matin . The conductor Sir Thomas Beecham became famous for concluding his otherwise serious orchestral concerts with what he termed "lollipops" , meaning less serious, short or amusing works chosen as a crowd-pleasing encore . Influenced by
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#1732870007648876-714: Is Music Night and Music While You Work . In the United States , " pops orchestra " such as the famous Boston Pops Orchestra began to emerge in the 19th century. The Boston Pops was founded in 1885 as a second, popular identity of the Boston Symphony Orchestra (BSO), founded four years earlier. They commissioned light pieces by composers such as Leroy Anderson , Ferde Grofé , and George Gershwin to write original works, along with theatre music, film music and arrangements of popular music and show tunes. The British light music composer Ernest Tomlinson stated that
949-437: Is home to the vast majority of the estimated 35,000+ Italian Scots. Light music Light music is a less-serious form of Western classical music , which originated in the 18th and 19th centuries and continues today. Its heyday was in the mid‑20th century. The style is through-composed , usually shorter orchestral pieces and suites designed to appeal to a wider context and audience than more sophisticated forms such as
1022-735: Is mainly as a result of labour recruitment in the 1950s by the London Brick Company and the Marston Valley Brick Company in the southern Italian regions of Puglia and Campania . By 1960, approximately 7,500 Italian men were employed by London Brick in Bedford, and a further 3,000 in Peterborough. In 1962, the Scalabrini Fathers , who first arrived in Peterborough in 1956, purchased an old school and converted it into
1095-525: Is of a "warren of streets around Hatton Garden". Dickens' Oliver Twist and Gustave Dore's prints of London at that time fill in the images. As numbers increased and competition grew fiercer, so Italians spread to the north of England, Wales, and Scotland. They were never in great numbers in the northern cities. For example, the Italian Consul General in Liverpool , in 1891, is quoted as saying that
1168-852: The Royal Ballet Sinfonia , the New London Orchestra and the BBC Concert Orchestra , as well as continued public concerts by orchestras such as the Cambridge Concert Orchestra, the Scarborough Spa Orchestra and Vancouver Island's Palm Court Light Orchestra. The style also found a new home on BBC Radio 3 on Brian Kay 's Light Programme , although this programme was discontinued in February 2007. In 2007, BBC Four broadcast an evening of light music as part of
1241-621: The United Kingdom who are fully or partially of Italian descent, whose ancestors were Italians who emigrated to the United Kingdom during the Italian diaspora . The phrase may refer to someone born in the United Kingdom of Italian descent, someone who has emigrated from Italy to the United Kingdom, or someone born elsewhere (e.g. the United States), who is of Italian descent and has migrated to
1314-596: The community interest company (CIC) I3Italy estimated around 500,000 Italians in the UK at the end of 2021. Previously, the 2011 UK Census recorded 131,195 Italian-born residents in England, 3,424 in Wales, 6,048 in Scotland , and 538 in Northern Ireland . The 2001 Census recorded a total of 107,244 Italian-born people resident in the United Kingdom. Office for National Statistics (ONS) estimates put
1387-479: The concerto , the symphony and the opera . Light music was especially popular during the formative years of radio broadcasting , with stations such as the BBC Light Programme (1945–1967) playing almost exclusively "light" compositions. Occasionally also known as mood music and concert music , light music is often grouped with the easy listening genre. Light music was popular in the United Kingdom,
1460-456: The "cascading strings " effect (also known as the "Mantovani sound"). His records were regularly used for demonstration purposes in stores selling hi-fi stereo equipment, as they were produced and arranged for stereo reproduction. He became the first person to sell a million stereophonic records. In 1952, Binge ceased to arrange for Mantovani but the distinctive sound of the orchestra remained. Mantovani recorded for Decca and London Records
1533-586: The "most tragic event in the history of the [British] Italian community... no other Italian community in the world has suffered such a blow." On 19 July, the Home Secretary, wrote a letter to Lord Halifax , the Foreign Secretary , in which he made it clear that he realised mistakes had been made in selecting Italians for the Arandora Star . Lord Snell was charged with conducting a government inquiry into
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#17328700076481606-560: The 1870s, the main regional origins of Italian emigration to Britain were the valleys of Parma in the north, and the Liri valley, half way between Rome and Naples . A railway network had been started by this time, and this helped the people from the Liri valley to migrate to the North of Italy, and then on to Britain. The people from Parma were predominantly organ grinders, while the Neapolitans from
1679-414: The 1950s, the 1960s and the 1970s, the background music were light orchestral arrangements of popular music played in shops, hotels and airlines. In the 1950s and 1960s many light composers wrote Production Library music for use in film, radio and television, and as a result, many light music compositions are familiar as theme music , an example being Trevor Duncan 's March from a Little Suite , used by
1752-565: The 1960s, the style began to fall out of fashion on radio and television, forcing many light composers to refocus their energy on writing more serious works or music for film. Robert Farnon completed several symphonies in the later part of his life, as well as composing for television, for example Colditz . The light composers' skills of classical orchestration and arrangement were appreciated by composers such as John Williams , with both Angela Morley and Gordon Langford asked to help orchestrate his film scores for Star Wars (1977) and E.T.
1825-575: The BBC as the theme to Dr. Finlay's Casebook in the 1960s, or Edward White's "Puffin' Billy" being the theme to both the BBC radio series Children's Favourites and the CBS children's programme Captain Kangaroo . Eric Coates' marches in particular were popular choices as theme music. The " Dambusters March ", possibly his most famous work, was used as the title theme to the 1954 film and has become synonymous with
1898-585: The EU Settlement Scheme, so several people are missing from this statistic. According to the 2011 Census, Italian is the first language of 92,241 people in England and Wales . For the period 2015 to 2016, 12,135 Italian students were studying in British universities. This was the third-highest figure amongst EU countries, and ninth globally. Italians and British-born people of Italian descent reside across
1971-484: The Extra-Terrestrial (1982) amongst others. Many orchestras specialising in playing light music were disbanded. Small palm court orchestras, once common in hotels, seaside resorts and theatres were gradually lost in favour of recorded music. The BBC began to discard its archive of light music, much of which was saved by composer Ernest Tomlinson and is now kept at his Library of Light Orchestral Music. However,
2044-486: The First World War. This anti-Italian feeling led to a night of nationwide riots against the Italian communities on 11 June 1940. The Italians were now seen as a national security threat, linked to the feared British Union of Fascists , and Winston Churchill told the police to "collar the lot!" Thousands of Italian men between the ages of 17 and 60 were arrested after his speech. In one of these transportations,
2117-813: The Great , who had been anointed by the Pope in Rome, tended toward Roman Catholicism , especially after the Synod of Whitby , drawing merchants, men of culture, artisans, and educated Catholic clerics from the Latin West including Italy. After the conquest of Anglo-Saxon England in 1066, the first recorded Italian communities in England began from the merchants and sailors living in Southampton . The famous ' Lombard Street ' in London took its name from
2190-552: The Italians in Great Britain had built a respected community for themselves. However, the announcement of Benito Mussolini 's decision to side with Adolf Hitler 's Germany in 1940 had a devastating effect. By order of Parliament, all aliens were to be interned . Although there were a few active fascists, the majority had lived in the country peacefully for many years, and had even fought side by side with British-born soldiers during
2263-468: The Liri valley (now under Lazio ) made ice cream...... the occupational structure of the immigrants, up to the 1870s, remained 'substantially the same'. After this date, all itinerant employment crossed regional demarcations.... The centre of the Italian community in Britain throughout the 19th Century, and indeed to the present day, is 'Little Italy', situated in a part of London called Clerkenwell ..... description of its existence then, from an 1854 print,
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2336-703: The Lombard merchant community that secured custom duties and certain rights and privileges. The revenues from the customs duty were handled by the Riccardi , a group of bankers from Lucca in Italy. This was in return for their service as money lenders to the crown, which helped finance the Welsh Wars. When the war with France broke out, the French king confiscated the Riccardi's assets, and
2409-644: The Shore " as the theme music of their radio sketch show . There are hundreds of composers who can be considered to have written "light music", although composers who overall focussed primarily on lighter works include Charles Ancliffe , Ronald Binge , Eric Coates , Frederic Curzon , Trevor Duncan , Robert Farnon , Adalgiso Ferraris , Ron Goodwin , Heinz Kiessling , Albert Ketèlbey , Billy Mayerl , Angela Morley , King Palmer , Ernest Tomlinson , Sidney Torch , Edward White , Charles Williams , Alberto Semprini and Haydn Wood . Each of these composers worked during
2482-536: The UK's EU Settlement Scheme, successfully receiving pre-settled or settled status to remain in the United Kingdom. This figure has several limitations: first of all, it excludes Italians that came to the UK with a visa after Brexit . Further, it includes Italians that have left the UK: indeed, people that leave the UK after obtaining the status do not lose it before several years have passed. Finally, Italian citizens who also hold British citizenship did not need to register for
2555-565: The UK. According to the 2021 UK Census , there were 276,669 Italian-born residents in England and Wales. However, the same source registers 368,738 Italian passport holders resident in England and Wales, and this statistic excludes Italians that also hold a British passport. A study commissioned by the Italian Consulate in London estimated 466,100 Italians registered as British residents in December 2021. A review article by
2628-576: The UK. More specific terms used to describe Italians in the United Kingdom include: Italian English, Italian Scots , and Italian Welsh . The Romans from Italy were the first recorded Italians to settle in the British Isles , along with other people from various parts of the Roman Empire . They came as far back as 55 and 54 BC when Julius Caesar (initially landing in Deal ) led expeditionary campaigns in
2701-740: The US Top 30 in 1959". Mantovani was born in Venice , Italy, into a musical family. His father, Benedetto Paolo "Bismarck" Mantovani, was a violinist and served as the concertmaster of La Scala opera house's orchestra in Milan , under the baton of Arturo Toscanini . The family moved to England in 1912, where young Annunzio studied at Trinity College of Music in London. After graduation, he formed his own orchestra, which played in and around Birmingham . He married Winifred Moss in 1934, having two children: Kenneth (born 12 July 1935) and Paula Irene (born 11 April 1939). By
2774-774: The US arm of the Decca Record Company, exclusively. He recorded in excess of 50 albums on that label, many of which were Top 40 hits . His single tracks included " The Song from Moulin Rouge ", which reached number one in the UK Singles Chart in 1953, the first instrumental track ever to do so; " Cara Mia " (with him and his orchestra backing David Whitfield ) in 1954; " Around the World " in 1957; and "Main Theme from Exodus (Ari's Theme)" in 1960. In
2847-649: The United States and in continental Europe , and many compositions in the genre remain familiar through their use as themes in film, radio and television series. Before Late Romantic orchestral trends of length and scope separated the trajectory of lighter orchestral works from the Western Classical canon , classical composers such as Mozart and Haydn won as much fame for writing lighter pieces such as Eine Kleine Nachtmusik as for their symphonies and operas. Later examples of early European light music include
2920-495: The United States, between 1955 and 1972, he released more than 40 albums with 27 reaching the "Top 40", and 11 in the "Top Ten". His biggest success came with the album Film Encores , which attained number one in 1957. Similarly, Mantovani Plays Music From 'Exodus' and Other Great Themes made it to the Top Ten in 1961, with over one million albums sold. Mantovani starred in his own syndicated television series, Mantovani , which
2993-613: The bank went bankrupt. After this, the Frescobaldi of Florence took over the role as money lenders to the English crown. As bankers, the Frescobaldi financed ventures for numerous members of European royal families, notably their financial conquest of England, which Fernand Braudel has signalled as the greatest achievement of the Florentine firms, "not only in holding the purse-strings of
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3066-510: The earlier " promenade concerts " held in London pleasure gardens, a similar spirit embued many of Henry Wood 's early Queen's Hall Proms concerts, especially the " Last Night of the Proms ". With the introduction of radio broadcasting by the BBC in the 1920s the style found an ideal outlet. This increased after the launch of the BBC Light Programme in 1945, featuring programmes such as Friday Night
3139-414: The entire UK. Furthermore, unlike many ethnic groups in the country, there are substantial numbers of Italians outside England. Locations with significant Italian populations include London, where the 2011 Census recorded 62,050 Italian-born residents, Manchester with an estimated 25,000 people of Italian ethnicity, Bedford with an estimated 14,000 ethnic Italians, and Glasgow , which
3212-551: The equivalent figure for 2015 at 162,000 and 233,000 in 2019. In 2016, the Italian consulate in London estimated that 600,000 Italians were resident in the UK. Instead, in the UK, there are around 500,000 British people of Italian ancestry. An increase in the numbers of the Bangladeshi Italians in the UK have been witnessed since pre-Brexit. As of June 2022, 509,100 (594,390 applications, of which 85,290 were made by repeated applicants) Italians registered under
3285-881: The film and the mission itself. Other Coates works used as theme music include "Calling All Workers" for Music While You Work , "Knightsbridge" for In Town Tonight and "Halcyon Days" as the theme to The Forsyte Saga . Coates was also commissioned to write original marches for television stations including the " BBC Television March", ATV 's "Sound and Vision March" and Associated Rediffusion 's "Music Everywhere". Other noteworthy television startup themes include William Walton 's Granada Preludes, Call Signs and End Music for Granada Television , Robert Farnon's Derby Day for Radiotelevisão Portuguesa , Richard Addinsell 's Southern Rhapsody for Southern Television , Ron Goodwin 's Westward Ho! for Westward Television and John Dankworth 's Widespread World for Rediffusion London . Music for television test card transmissions
3358-408: The genre as "original orchestral pieces, often descriptive but in many cases simply three or four minutes of music with an arresting main theme and a contrasting middle section." David Ades suggests that "it is generally agreed that it occupies a position between classical and popular music, yet its boundaries are often blurred". He goes on to cite broadcaster Denis Norden who said that light music
3431-481: The genre was kept in the public consciousness by its use in advertisements and television programmes, often used as a nostalgic evocation of the 1940s and 1950s. During the 1990s, the genre began to be re-discovered and original remastered recordings by orchestras such as the Queen's Hall Light Orchestra were issued on compact disc for the first time. This was followed by new recordings of light music by orchestras such as
3504-427: The genre. Light music is also frequently used as incidental music in radio and television programmes, for example Charles Williams ' " Devil's Galop " (once famous as the theme to Dick Barton: Special Agent ) is now often used in spoofs of 1950s action programmes, such as Mitchell and Webb 's The Surprising Adventures of Sir Digby Chicken-Caesar sketches. Mitchell and Webb also use Acker Bilk 's " Stranger on
3577-466: The genres of lounge music or Exotica , but light music generally does not feature vocals, synthesisers or popular music instruments. It can also sometimes be grouped with the background music and elevator music created for commercial background music players such as the Seeburg 1000 by Seeburg Corporation or Cantata 700 ( 3M ) as well as the works of Muzak Orchestra ( Muzak as a company): back in
3650-586: The industry in England. The Napoleonic wars left northern Italy with a destroyed agriculture, and consequently many farmers were forced to emigrate: a few thousand moved to the British isles in the first half of the nineteenth century. From the 1820s to 1851... accounts for 4000 Italian immigrants in England, with 50% of them living in London. The regional origins of most were the valleys around Como , and Lucca . The people from Como were skilled artisans, making barometers and other precision instruments. People from Lucca specialised in plaster figure making. By
3723-528: The kings of England, but also in controlling sales of English wool which was vital to continental workshops and in particular to the Arte della Lana of Florence." According to historian Michael Wayatt , there was "a small but influential community" of Italians "that took shape in England in the 15th century, initially consisting of ecclesiastics , renaissance humanists , merchants, bankers, and artists." Historian Alwyn Ruddock claimed to have found evidence that
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#17328700076483796-412: The main distinction of light music is its emphasis on melody . This is certainly a major feature of the genre, although the creation of distinctive musical textures in scoring is another aim, for example the close harmony of Robert Farnon or Ronald Binge 's "cascading string" effect, which later became associated with the "sustained hum of Mantovani 's reverberated violins". Lyndon Jenkins describes
3869-505: The majority of the 80–100 Italians in the city were organ grinders and street sellers of ice-cream and plaster statues. And that the 500–600 Italians in Manchester included mostly Terrazzo specialists, plasterers, and modellers working on the prestigious, new town hall. While in Sheffield , 100–150 Italians made cutlery..... of the 1000 or so Italians in Wales at the end of the 19th century,
3942-514: The most "rich and mellifluous" of the emerging light music style during the early 1950s. He stated that Mantovani was a leader in the use of new studio technologies to "create sound tapestries with innumerable strings", and that "the sustained hum of Mantovani's reverberated violins produced a sonic vaporizer foreshadowing the synthesizer harmonics of space music ." His style survived through an ever-changing variety of musical styles prompting Variety to call him "the biggest musical phenomenon of
4015-399: The navigator Giovanni Caboto ('John Cabot') who discovered North America in 1497, received backing from the Italian community in London for his voyage to North America. In particular, she suggested he found a patron in the form of Fr. Giovanni Antonio de Carbonariis , an Augustinian friar , who was also the deputy to the papal tax collector Adriano Castellesi . Ruddock suggested that it
4088-453: The operettas of composers such as Franz von Suppé or Sir Arthur Sullivan ; the Continental salon and parlour music genres; and the waltzes and marches of Johann Strauss II and his family. The Straussian waltz became a common light music composition (note for example Charles Ancliffe 's "Nights of Gladness" or Felix Godin 's "Valse Septembre"). These influenced the foundation of
4161-590: The part of Mantovani. There have also been CDs released under the Mantovani name of recordings made by others while Mantovani was still alive. Following Mantovani's death in 1980, the Mantovani Estate continues to authorise numerous concerts worldwide and recordings using original and newly commissioned arrangements. Italian Brits Italians in the United Kingdom , also known as Italian Brits ( Italian : italo-britannici ) are citizens and/or residents of
4234-473: The small but powerful community from northern Italy, living there as bankers and merchants after the year 1000 . The rebuilding of Westminster Abbey showed significant Italian artistic influence in the construction of the so-called ' Cosmati ' Pavement completed in 1245, and a unique example of the style unknown outside of Italy, the work of highly skilled team of Italian craftsmen led by a Roman named Ordoricus. In 1303, Edward I negotiated an agreement with
4307-406: The south-east of England, and then again in AD 43 when Emperor Claudius invaded and subsequently conquered the British islands. Historian Theodore Mommsen calculated that in the five centuries of Roman presence in the British isles, more than 50,000 Roman soldiers (mainly from The Balkans ) moved to live permanently in Roman Britain . Continuous contact with Rome and the Catholic world
4380-399: The style of Tchaikovsky's ballet The Nutcracker . The genre is often associated with the easy listening orchestral arrangements of Mantovani, Percy Faith and Henry Mancini , although with the exception of Mancini these composers are better known for their arrangements rather than through-composed original compositions. As a result of this association, the music is sometimes linked to
4453-484: The time World War I started, the Italian community was well established in London and other areas of the British Isles (there were nearly 20,000 Italians in the United Kingdom in 1915). All Italian born subjects living in Britain at the time of WW1 were regarded as 'aliens', and forced to register with their local police station. Permission had to be given by the police if a person wanted to travel more than 5 miles (8 kilometres) from their homes. When World War II came,
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#17328700076484526-536: The time World War II broke out, his orchestra was one of the most popular British dance bands , both on BBC radio broadcasts and in live performances. He was also musical director for a large number of musicals and other plays, including Noël Coward 's Pacific 1860 (1946) and Vivian Ellis 's musical setting of J. B. Fagan 's And So to Bed (1951). After the war, he concentrated on recording, and eventually gave up live performance altogether. He worked with arranger and composer Ronald "Ronnie" Binge , who developed
4599-411: The tragedy. He recognised that the method of selecting 'dangerous' Italians was not satisfactory, and the result was that among those earmarked for deportation were a number of non-fascists and people whose sympathies lay with Britain. In the 1950s, Italian immigration started again to some areas of Great Britain; such as Manchester, Bedford, and Peterborough, even if in relatively limited numbers. It
4672-451: The twentieth century". From 1961 to 1971, David McCallum Sr was leader of Mantovani's orchestra. At this time, his son David McCallum Jr was at the height of his fame, prompting Mantovani to introduce his leader to audiences with the quip, "We can afford the father but not the son!" Mantovani is referred to by name in The Kinks song "Prince of the Punks" and Don Black and Andrew Lloyd Webber ’s “Letter Home to England” in Tell Me on
4745-430: Was "not just tuneful round the outside, but tuneful right through." Often, the pieces represent a mood, place, person or object, for example Farnon's "Portrait of a Flirt", Albert Ketèlbey 's In a Monastery Garden or Edward White 's "Runaway Rocking Horse". The genre's other popular title "mood music" is a reference to pieces such as Charles Williams ' A Quiet Stroll , which is written at an andante pace and has
4818-556: Was "…almost all engaged in small food shops – either ice cream shops or fish restaurants." Giuseppe Mazzini lived in London for some years, and promoted the construction of the Italian church of St. Peter in the ' Little Italy ' of Clerkenwell (a London neighbourhood) The Italian-style basilica was inaugurated in 1863, and was the main place of reunion for the growing Italian community of London. The Risorgimento hero Mazzini also created an Italian school for poor people, active from November 1841, at Greville Street in London. By
4891-477: Was Carbonariis, who certainly accompanied Cabot's 1498 expedition, and who was on good terms with the King, who introduced the explorer to Henry VII for the discovery expedition. Beyond this, Ruddock claimed that Cabot received a loan from an Italian banking house in London 'to go and discover new lands'. In the aftermath of the English Reformation , amongst other religious refugees from the European continent, many Italian Protestants found Tudor England to be
4964-509: Was a tutor of Elizabeth I and a regius professor of Oxford University . The arts flourished under the Hanoverian dynasty, and this attracted many more Italian artisans, artists, and musicians to Britain. All of this developed in the United Kingdom a moderate Italophilia during the late Italian Renaissance . For example, in the 1790s, many Italians with skills of instrument making and glass blowing came over from Italy, France, and Holland to make and sell barometers. By 1840, they dominated
5037-418: Was also a significant outlet for light music in the UK, from the mid-1950s into the 1980s. Several pieces of light music are used as themes on BBC Radio 4 to the present day, with Eric Coates's " By the Sleepy Lagoon " being the theme of Desert Island Discs , Arthur Wood 's " Barwick Green " the theme of The Archers and Ronald Binge's " Sailing By " preceding the late-night shipping forecast . During
5110-436: Was initially restricted to the Celtic Christian, Brittonic -speaking portions of Britain where trading activities continued with the Mediterranean and Italy, continuing into the seventh century as non-Christian Anglo-Saxon kingdoms began to coalesce into England. Initially, the stable Anglo-British kingdoms of Wessex and then Northumbria followed the practices of Celtic Christianity , however powerful figures such as Alfred
5183-643: Was made mainly from Lazio . But in the 1960s, it tapered off, and practically stopped in the 1970s. However, in the later years of the UK's membership of the European Union , the UK became the most favoured destination for Italian migrants. The region of the country containing the most Italian Britons is London, where over 50,000 people of Italian birth lived in 2009. Other concentrations of Italians are in Manchester , where 25,000 Italians live and Bedford , where there are approximately 14,000 people of Italian origin. The high concentration of Italian immigrants in Bedford, along with Peterborough ,
5256-574: Was organised by BBC Radio 3 in June 2011 as part of the 60th anniversary celebrations of the 1951 Festival of Britain . This included events in London, Manchester, Cardiff and Glasgow, from both professional and amateur ensembles, including a live revival of Music While You Work from a factory in Irlam near Manchester, several light music concerts from the Southbank Centre and a number of documentaries about
5329-630: Was produced in England and which aired in the United States in 1959. Thirty-nine episodes were filmed. Mantovani made his last recordings in the mid-1970s. He died at a care home in Royal Tunbridge Wells , Kent . The cascading strings technique developed by Binge became Mantovani's hallmark in such hits arranged by Binge as " Charmaine ". Binge developed this technique to replicate the echo experienced in venues such as cathedrals and he achieved this goal through arranging skill alone. Author Joseph Lanza describes Mantovani's string arrangements as
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