65-723: The Manchester Zoological Gardens opened in 1838, on a 15-acre (6 ha) site between Broom Lane and Northumberland Street in Broughton , now in Salford , England. Attractions included a Grand Menagerie, a lake, a maze, an archery ground, and a series of landscaped walks. The gardens were laid out by a company of local business men, on land rented from the Rev. John Clowes of Broughton Hall, who had become interested in botany and horticulture in later life. The gardens competed with John Jennison's Belle Vue Zoological Gardens opened three years earlier, but
130-565: A students' union building; and in the early 1970s the majority of the site was used to build a student village for the University of Salford , the first student houses opening in October 1972. Kersal's long association with sport continues with the building of Salford Sports Village, a major sports facility centred on Littleton Road which opened in March 2006. This facility is a £4.7m flagship project for
195-576: A few yards away near Ivy Cottage, which is thought to be the house from which Crabtree made his observations. In 1772 the Manor of Broughton became the property of Mary, sister of Edward Cheetham of Nuthurst and Smedley who was married to Samuel Clowes. The manor then descended through the Clowes family to the Captain Henry Arthur Clowes. By 1801 the population of the township of Broughton with Kersal
260-511: A meeting room/social facility with catering facilities, office accommodation training room and an ICT suite. The Riverbank Park, a neighbourhood park and children's play area, opened next to the Sports Village in 2007. Kersal Dale Country Park occupies about 32 hectares of countryside straddling a large meander of the River Irwell to the east of Kersal. Approximately half of the park
325-477: A permanent orienteering course. Kersal Moor is an eight hectare recreation ground to the north of Kersal designated as a Site of Biological Importance and a Local Nature Reserve which consists of open moorland popular with dog walkers and schools. Lower Kersal Activities Centre, Northallerton Road, Lower Kersal runs a variety of community activities for different age groups, including holiday play schemes. Salford College also runs community courses for over 16s at
390-619: A race. Kersal Moor was also host to one of the great political events of the 19th century, when it was the meeting place for the largest of the Chartist Assemblies attended by at least 30,000 people in September 1838 and again in May 1839. It was also the site of one of the first golf courses to be built outside Scotland. Kersal Links opened in 1818, and was the oldest golf course between the Thames and
455-579: A site between Northumberland Street and Broom Lane but the venture was not a commercial success and closed 1842. Businessmen from all over Europe and the Mediterranean Sea established branches in Manchester close to the source of supply. In Higher Broughton by mid century there were many prosperous merchants from the Ottoman Empire who had settled around Northumberland Street and by 1861 they had built
520-586: A total involvement of some 320 players each week. Broughton Park R.F.C. is the City of Manchester's highest placed representative in the Rugby Union Leagues. Broughton Rangers , founded in 1877 as a rugby union club, became a rugby league club as a founder member of the Northern Union in 1895. In 1946, they moved and renamed themselves Belle Vue Rangers . This folded in 1955. They are now being reformed with
585-528: Is beech woodland on the side of the Irwell Valley and half is flat land on the flood-plain of the river, which occupies part of the area formerly taken up by the Irwell Castle Racecourse and Kersal Links golf course. The park is designated as a Local Nature Reserve. The Salford Ranger Team organise environmental walks and talks, educational programmes for schools and other activities. There is also
650-637: Is 1 mile (1.6 km) northwest of Manchester and 2 miles (3.2 km) south of Prestwich . Historically in Lancashire , the former manor house, Broughton Hall, belonged to the Chethams and the Stanleys, both distinguished local families, and later passed, by marriage, to the Clowes family. Part of Broughton was amalgamated into the Municipal Borough of Salford in 1844, and the remaining area in 1853. In
715-541: Is a Greater Manchester youth network. The Y-Talk Website has been designed with, and for, young people in Charlestown and Kersal. The site is produced and managed by Salford Youth Service. A soap factory was established in Kersal Vale, by the side of the River Irwell on the border with Prestwich in 1920 by Alexander Tom Cussons . The factory produced the famous brands of Carex, Cussons Imperial Leather and Morning Fresh but
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#1732880408749780-435: Is a public park, with a large football pitch, located by Great Clowes Street and Great Cheetham Street West, on the borders of Higher and Lower Broughton. The park, named in commemoration of the consort (husband) of Queen Victoria , today features a multi-use games area, bowling green , all-weather sports pitch, children's play area and informal five-a-side pitch as well as paths, shrubs and many established trees. Albert Park
845-475: Is around one mile (1.6 km) from Manchester city centre . This fact and the availability of affordable housing make it an attractive option for many younger first time buyers. In 2005, it was announced that an area of housing near Camp Street in Lower Broughton would be demolished to make way for brand new houses. This is part of a wider regeneration project which will later extend to all council houses in
910-533: Is bounded on the north by Singleton Brook, which defines the border with Prestwich , on the south and west by the River Irwell and on the east by Broughton , although the exact position of the border with Broughton is difficult to determine. The west and south of the district lie in the flood-plain of the River Irwell, and consequently have historically been subject to flooding. Serious floods were documented in 1866, 1946, 1954 and 1980. The River Irwell Flood Defence Scheme, officially opened in 2005, uses levees and
975-514: Is said that he wrote the hymn Christians Awake there, but it is more likely that it was written at his home in the Old Shambles in Manchester above what is now the Wellington Inn. After John and his wife's death Kersal Cell was left to his daughter the enthusiastic Jacobite Elizabeth Byrom . Her diary of her time with Bonnie Prince Charlie was discovered in the house. In the 17th century,
1040-453: The Charlestown and Lower Kersal New Deal for Communities Partnership, Salford Community Leisure and Manchester Football Association. The football facilities include mini, junior and adult grass pitches, a third generation artificial floodlit pitch, a 60-metre x 40 metre artificial pitch, 18 adult grass pitches and players and officials changing rooms. There is also a community suite with
1105-596: The Greek Orthodox Church of the Annunciation, Manchester church on Bury New Road. Much of Lower Broughton was undeveloped at this time as it was prone to flooding and one of the few houses, built close to Broughton Bridge was called "Noah's Ark" as it was built on an artificial mound to raise it above the level of the floods. The Church of the Ascension was built in 1869. Broughton was a township and chapelry in
1170-460: The Orthodox Jewish community. There are three schools serving the area, St Philip's Roman Catholic Primary School on Cavendish Road, Lower Kersal Community Primary School on St Aidan's Grove, off Littleton Road and St Paul's Church of England Primary School on Nevile Road which replaced a school of the same name built in the 19th century on Kersal Moor and demolished in the 20th century. There
1235-658: The Tweed until it closed in 1960. The Kersal Moor races began prior to 1680 and continued, with various interruptions, until 1847 when the course was switched to the other side of the River Irwell , to Castle Irwell , where it remained until 1963. In 1961 the Members' Stand at the Castle Irwell Racecourse was opened and contained the world's first executive boxes. The architect for the racecourse, Ernest Atherden, showed this to
1300-413: The " Manchester Racecourse " even though they were entirely within the borders of Salford. Through the late 1950s and early 1960s the track saw jockeys such as Scobie Breasley and Lester Piggott annually battle out the closing acts of the jockey's title until racing ceased on 7 November 1963. The intention was to sell the land, apart from 4.5 acres (18,000 m ), to a property development company. Both
1365-553: The 1639 transit of Venus across the Sun and Crabtree and Horrocks were the first astronomers to observe and record this event on 24 November of that year. The two correspondents both recorded the event in their own homes and may never actually have met, but Crabtree's calculations were crucial in allowing Horrocks to estimate the size of Venus and the distance from the Earth to the Sun. The recording of
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#17328804087491430-473: The 1960s. Eight of these were demolished in 1990. The other blocks were sold to private developers to renovate for private sale. The Housing Act 1980 gave tenants the right to buy . Since then much of the council estate has been sold to sitting tenants and by 2011 just over 50% of homes in the Kersal Ward were in owner-occupation. Kersal was originally a hamlet in the township of Broughton . In 1853
1495-482: The 21st century, parts of Lower Broughton and Higher Broughton have been redeveloped with a mixture of town houses and flats. Together with neighbouring Whitefield , Prestwich and Crumpsall , Broughton is home to a large Jewish community. Some neolithic implements and other pre-Roman remains have been found in Broughton. The Roman road from Manchester ( Mamucium ) to Ribchester ( Bremetennacum ) passed through
1560-594: The City Council and the Royal Technical College objected and their objections were upheld at a Public Enquiry two years later. The main stand at Castle Irwell was designed by local architect Ernst Atherton and was the first stand at any sports venue in the UK to include private boxes, the idea having later been copied by Manchester United and then made commonplace throughout the country. The structure still survives as
1625-618: The Kersal Moor races were the great event of the year. They usually took place around Whit Week when large numbers of people turned the area into a giant fairground for several days. The moor was also used for nude male races, allowing females to study the form before choosing their mates. Indeed, in the 18th century, Roger Aytoun , known as "Spanking Roger", later a hero of the Siege of Gibraltar , acquired Hough Hall in Moston , through marriage after such
1690-574: The Kersal area became a giant fairground . Archery was also a popular sport for which the Broughton Archers were renowned countrywide. During the 19th century the population rose rapidly with the Clowes family controlling the development of the area allowing the wealthy merchants to purchase large plots in Higher Broughton to build their mansions and some grand terraces . By the mid-19th century
1755-703: The Lancashire County Rugby Union was founded and eleven years after the formation of the national Rugby Football Union . The club has had a number of different grounds in its time, mainly in the Salford/Prestwich areas, but also in the south of Manchester. Since 2004 its present new facility is at Hough End in Chorlton-cum-Hardy , Manchester. Originally the club had only one senior side, but now fields five senior sides and supported by one Colts (U19), four youth (U13-U17) and four mini (U8-U12) teams;
1820-482: The Moor Lane ground in Kersal. The club, founded in 1940, moved into this historic ground in 1978, a location with a sporting legacy which includes horse racing, golf, cricket, rugby union, rugby league, tennis and archery, going back as far as 1681. Horse racing moved from Kersal Moor to a new racecourse at Castle Irwell, just across the River Irwell from Kersal, in 1847. In 1867 it was moved to New Barnes, Weaste but
1885-746: The Servite Priory for the church, was originally the Greek Consulate and still has many Greek motifs adorning its internal decor. The former Catholic Chaplaincy at St Philip's Church on Northallerton Road, Lower Kersal, is now home to the "Just Youth" ministry of the Holy Ghost Fathers . There are convents of the Roman Catholic Sisters of the Cross and Passion on Bury New Road and Faithful Companions of Jesus on Singleton Road, and there
1950-553: The area and Roman coins have also been found. The township of Broughton dates back to 1177 when it was known as Burton, bounded mainly by the meandering River Irwell . To the west of this township, close to a ford across the Irwell, lay the hamlet of Broughton. The Manor of Broughton was formerly an ancient demesne of the honour of Lancaster , being a member of the Royal Manor of Salford . It descended through various families and in 1578
2015-431: The area by 2006. The gardens were introduced to make the area look neater and more consistent. The council and its arms-length management company "New Prospect", had been working closely with tenants to make sure that their houses were up to standard so that they were good quality council houses. Crime levels have now reduced and the unemployment rate has decreased leading to higher demand for housing in Lower Broughton, which
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2080-645: The area, only three are located within it and there is just one pharmacy and one part-time dentist. New Deal for Communities (NDC) was a programme that was part of the Government strategy to regenerate deprived neighbourhoods in England. The two neighbourhoods covered by the Salford NDC were Charlestown and Lower Kersal. A grant of £53m was awarded to the area and a 10-year plan developed. It focused on health, crime, education and employment, young people, building communities and
2145-417: The area. Regeneration has been taken on by Salix Homes and Countryside Properties and is planned to be completed by 2014. Another regeneration project, in Higher Broughton, is known as Broughton Green. Brentnall Primary School, on the corner of Broom Lane and Bury New Road, was demolished as part of this scheme. This school was on the site of a large detached house in its own grounds called Bella Vista. At
2210-520: The assistance of Salford RLFC . Mancunians RL , founded in 2009, play at Broughton Park. They play in the Rugby League Conference . The Cliff in Higher Broughton was the training ground of English football team , Manchester United F.C. until 1999. The training ground still hosts some Manchester United junior and academy team matches. People from Broughton include :hymntune writer Joseph Mainzer (1807-1851) lived in Higher Broughton for
2275-683: The border in Prestwich) in 1851–1852. The only church in Lower Kersal is the Anglican St Aidan's on Littleton Road, a brick-built church opened in 1972 which seats about 120 people. There is also the Roman Catholic church Our Lady of Dolours, on Bury New Road served by Servite Friars and known locally as "the Servites". The building adjacent to the church at number 500 Bury New Road, now used as
2340-416: The centre. Lower Kersal Social Club, Stamford Road, is a sports and social club open to the public. The club consists of two rooms – the vault area with TV's, 4 darts boards, 1 snooker table and 1 pool table. The Community Groups' Network gives local community groups, residents' groups and volunteers in Charlestown and Lower Kersal the chance to meet and share information. Lower Kersal Young People's Group
2405-495: The directors of Manchester United who opened their first executive box in 1965, and hence began the modern corporatisation of sport. Kersal remained a rural area until about 1840 when the Clowes family, who owned most of the land in the area, began to sell it off for development, and merchants and manufacturers began to build their mansions in the green fields of Higher Broughton and Kersal. In keeping with their own ideas of social engineering they imposed strict covenants on how
2470-468: The event is now seen as the birth of modern astronomy in Britain. In June 2004 a commemorative street nameplate in memory of William Crabtree was unveiled at the junction of Lower Broughton Road and Priory Grove. This site marks the location that is thought most likely to have been the home of Crabtree and his family at the time when he was collaborating with Horrocks. A commemorative plaque was erected in 2005
2535-407: The land was used, reserving the higher ground for more well-to-do residents and the lower ground for workers' cottages. The number of public houses was severely restricted and then, only beer houses that didn't sell spirits were allowed. Singleton Road and Moor Lane were the only roads connecting Bury Old Road and Bolton Road and there was a toll bar on the corner of Bury Old Road. When Bury New Road
2600-460: The landowner's restrictive covenants prevented commercial development. The exterior of the house remains largely unchanged to this day, although it was renovated in 2007 with a two-storey extension being added to the rear. The Toll House is now a Grade II listed building . In the 1930s a large council housing estate was built to the east of Littleton Road. Twelve high-rise tower blocks, known as Kersal flats, were constructed for Salford Council in
2665-501: The last years of his life. He composed hymn tunes including Ellacombe, Humility, Carmel, Mainzer and YNefoedd. Kersal Kersal is a district of Salford , Greater Manchester , England, 3 miles (4.8 km) northwest of Manchester city centre . Kersal has been variously known as Kereshale, Kershal, Kereshole, Carshall and Kersall. The name incorporates the Old English word halh , meaning "a piece of flat alluvial land by
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2730-455: The majority of residents who lived in the area known as "the Cliff" were members of the professional classes but a number of merchants also resided there. The Cliff was one of the earliest residential suburbs for "commuters" into Manchester and Salford. A number of the houses built for them still stand today and are protected as listed buildings . In 1838 Manchester Zoological Gardens were opened on
2795-411: The open land known today as Kersal Moor comprises an area of only 12 acres (0.05 km ). A profile of the ward conducted by Salford City Council in 2014 recorded a population of 12,929 with 86.8% of people describing themselves as white, 2.3% African, 1.4% Pakistani and 2.7% as other ethnic group. The 2011 UK Census recorded that the religious mix is mainly Christian and Jewish with 34.3% of
2860-480: The parish of Manchester and hundred of Salford . In 1844 the township of Broughton-cum-Kersal was incorporated into the Salford Borough , despite much opposition from some of the more wealthy residents, who didn't wish to be associated with "the cotton of Manchester or the filth of Salford" even though their wealth had been made in those towns. In 1866 Broughton became a separate civil parish , on 1 April 1919
2925-410: The parish was abolished and merged with Salford. In 1911 the parish had a population of 53,108. During the latter part of the century large numbers of terraced houses were built for the workers until eventually all of Lower Broughton was built upon. During the course of development the Clowes family kept tight control over the area to ensure that it remained "good class". The land in Higher Broughton
2990-533: The physical environment. Plans for new health services in Kersal, including two GP practices, a pharmacy, a healthy living project, children and young people's health services and community health services, were implemented with the opening of the Horizon Centre, part of the Willow Tree Healthy Living Centre, at 94 Littleton Road in 2007. Salford City Football Club ("The Ammies") is based at
3055-406: The playing fields alongside the river as an emergency water catchment area to alleviate this problem. The land in the north east rises steeply before flattening out into a series of rolling hills. At one time it was a pastoral area (said to be of 100 acres (0.4 km )) known as Kersal Woods or Kersal Moor. Much of it has now been developed for residential purposes or as a football ground, and
3120-465: The population describing themselves as Christian and 40.96% as Jewish. 3.30% describe themselves as Muslim with none of the other faiths exceeding 0.5%. Churches in Kersal include the Anglican St Paul's Church on Moor Lane, built at the instigation of Colonel William Legh Clowes and Eleanora Atherton of Kersal Cell "for the benefit of the poor of Rainscow" (Rainsough — a hamlet just across
3185-546: The rugby code, founded by members of a club known in 1869 as Broughton College, formed from former pupils of Broughton College, a public school in Salford at the time. It provided a number of early international players and was pivotal in the formation of the Lancashire Football Union . Broughton Park Rugby Union F.C. , is one of the oldest rugby union clubs in England and was established in 1882, just one year after
3250-722: The side of a river". " Kers al" indicates that this was land where cress grew. In 1142, Kereshale was given to the Priory of Lenton, an order of Cluniac monks , who established an early cell there named St Leonard 's. On the Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1540 Henry VIII sold the priory and its lands to one Baldwin Willoughby. It was sold eight years later to Ralph Kenyon, who was acting on behalf of himself, James Chetham of Crumpsall and Richard Siddall of Withington . The Kenyon third
3315-633: The site had to be vacated in 1901 when Salford Docks expanded and built its Dock 9. Castle Irwell later staged a Classic – the 1941 St Leger Stakes , and was most famous as home of the Lancashire Oaks (nowadays run at Haydock Park Racecourse ) and the November Handicap , which was traditionally the last major race of the British flat season. Both the Castle Irwell and New Barnes sites were named
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#17328804087493380-468: The time, it had commanding views over the Cliff, looking out toward the Crescent. It was built by a Greek merchant to represent his status in the community. Part of the house burned down, leaving the owner in conflict with the authorities over land tax due, but unpaid on the damaged part of the building. The house was taken by the local authority eventually and became Broughton Grammar School for Girls before it
3445-563: The township amalgamated with Salford despite opposition from some of its more wealthy residents, who did not wish to "assimilate the cotton of Manchester or the filth of Salford". Kersal & Broughton Park ward (simply Kersal until 2021) is one of twenty, each represented by three councillors, which make up the City of Salford. The ward is represented by three councillors: Ari Leitner (Con), Arnold Saunders (Con) and Andrew Walters (Independent). indicates seat up for re-election. indicates seat won in by-election. Kersal
3510-460: The venture was commercially unsuccessful and closed in 1842. Some of the animals were acquired by the Belle Vue Zoo, others went to London Zoo and to Hampton Court . Those listed in italics contain more than 5000 animals Broughton, Greater Manchester Broughton is a suburb and district of Salford , Greater Manchester , England. Located on the east bank of the River Irwell , it
3575-526: Was 866. Much of the land was owned by the Clowes family of Broughton Old Hall and the Byroms of Kersal Cell, and was either farmed, or supported cottage industries such as spinning and weaving. Broughton Park, which stretched from Singleton Road to Broom Lane with Broughton Old Hall at the centre, was the estate of the Clowes family. The highlight of the year was the Kersal Moor Races held during Whit Week when
3640-512: Was also a high school off Moor Lane on Mesnefield Road, Kersal High School, which was replaced in 2003 with the Albion High School, based on Lissadel Street, Charlestown. Kersal High School was demolished in 2006 and its site used for housing. The mortality rate in Lower Kersal and Charlestown is more than twice the national average and approximately one third of the population has a chronic illness. Although 52 General Practitioners serve
3705-516: Was also a closed order of nuns at a Carmelite Convent on Vine Street for many years. Synagogues in Kersal include the Spanish and Portuguese Synagogue (Shaare Tephillah), founded in 1873, and North Salford Synagogue. Greater Manchester has the largest Jewish community in the United Kingdom outside London and Kersal, along with Higher Broughton, Prestwich, and Whitefield , is home to most of
3770-454: Was bought by Henry Stanley, 4th Earl of Derby . In the 17th century Broughton was still regarded as a member or hamlet of Salford and the area around what is now called The Priory at the northern end of Lower Broughton Road was a picturesque hamlet with a spring, known as Broughton Spout. This was home to the amateur astronomer and mathematician William Crabtree . Crabtree's friend and correspondent Jeremiah Horrocks had correctly predicted
3835-424: Was built in 1831 a gate or bar was erected and travellers had to pay a toll to the turnpike trust to pass through. A toll house was erected on Bury New Road with a bay window projecting out so that the toll collector had a clear view of the road. By 1848 the local authority had taken over the road, the tolls were abolished and the toll collector's house became a newsagent 's. This was the only shop in an area where
3900-434: Was closed down in 2009 and was demolished in 2010. The Charlestown and Lower Kersal New Deal for Communities has made many improvements to the area including the sports village and improvements to housing and the local environment. There is much work yet to be done, including the demolition of old housing stock to make way for new development. The New Deal Team is working closely with Salford City Council, partner agencies and
3965-484: Was demolished to make way for Brentnall Primary School. The only evidence of the original house was the gates still there to this day. Broughton is home to a large Jewish community. In the 2011 census, 14.2% of residents gave their religion as Jewish, compared to 3.3% for Salford and 0.5% for England. The ward is represented by three councillors: John Merry (Lab), Maria Brabiner (Lab), and Jim King (Lab Co-op). indicates seat up for re-election. Albert Park
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#17328804087494030-404: Was designated as a conservation area by Salford City Council in 1976. The designation now covers an area of 26.03 ha (64.42 acres) and has preserved the character of the area with its cobbled streets and many fine buildings. In the summer months of 2000, new gardens, fences, gates and porches had begun to be fitted to the local authority houses in Lower Broughton covering the whole of
4095-401: Was opened in 1877 and was described as "16 acres of terraced walkways making it possible to walk 5 miles (8.0 km) around the park without traversing the same ground twice". The park originally featured a 2-acre (8,100 m ) lake which was filled in during the late 1940s. Broughton RUFC formerly Broughton Wasps, was the first Broughton football club in Manchester, and played using
4160-544: Was sold about the year 1660 to the Byroms of Manchester , whose line terminated on the death of Eleanora Atherton in 1870. All the land eventually descended to, or was bought by, the Clowes family (the Lords of the Manor of Broughton ) who began to sell off the land for development in the 19th and early 20th centuries. The most famous resident of Kersal Cell was John Byrom (1692–1763). It
4225-467: Was sold in large plots for "villa" type properties and they also restricted the number of pubs that could be built, and then only allowed beer to be sold and not spirits. By 1901 the population had grown to around 49,048. During the 20th century many of the large houses were divided up and rented out as flats, causing the area to become run down and neglected. Some of the fine Victorian terraces were demolished and replaced with modern housing. The Cliff
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