The tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forest is a habitat type defined by the World Wide Fund for Nature and is located at tropical and subtropical latitudes. Though these forests occur in climates that are warm year-round, and may receive several hundred millimeters of rain per year, they have long dry seasons that last several months and vary with geographic location. These seasonal droughts have great impact on all living things in the forest.
14-688: Malayagiri , is a mountain peak in the Malayagiri hills subrange of the Garhjat Range . It is located near Pal Lahara town near Angul in the Angul district of Odisha . At 1,187 metres (3,894 ft), it is not the highest mountain in Orissa; Deomali is taller at 1672 meters, followed by 1597 m high Turiakonda . This article about a location in Kendujhar district (Keonjhar district), Odisha , India
28-528: A large number of relictual taxa ) for a wide range of taxa and at higher taxonomic levels . Trees use underground water during the dry seasons. Species tend to have wider ranges than moist forest species, although in some regions many species do display highly restricted ranges; most dry forest species are restricted to tropical dry forests, particularly in plants; beta diversity and alpha diversity high but typically lower than adjacent moist forests. Effective conservation of dry broadleaf forests requires
42-868: A part of the Chotanagpur plateau while the southern part is an extension of the Eastern Ghats and can be divided into three - the northern uplands, the Mahanadi valley, and the south-western hills. The important rivers that drain the Garhjat hills are the Brahmani , the Mahanadi , the Baitarani and the Subarnarekha . The Odisha Highlands are densely forested with tropical semi-evergreen and tropical dry and moist deciduous forests . The Scheduled Tribes account for as much as 37% of
56-663: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Garhjat Range The Garhjat Hills is a mountain range formed by a series low-lying hills, plateaux , ridges and meadows that stretch into Odisha from the Utkal Plains in the Chotanagpur region of Jharkhand and the Chhattisgarh Plains. The range, also known as the Odisha Highlands, runs in a north east to south west direction for about 382 km along
70-727: The Chotanagpur Plateau in the north, the Utkal plains in the east, the Mahanadi basin or the Chhattisgarh plains in the west and the Eastern Ghats to the south. Geologically, the region comprises crystalline rocks such as granites and gneisses that belong to the Archaean period . The Talcher , Barakar and Kamathi series of rocks containing shales and sandstones occur in the Sambalpur and Dhei districts. The northern Garhjat hills are
84-798: The East Deccan dry evergreen forests , the Sri Lanka dry-zone dry evergreen forests , and the Southeastern Indochina dry evergreen forests , are characterized by evergreen trees. Though less biologically diverse than rainforests , tropical dry forests are home to a wide variety of wildlife including monkeys , deer , large cats , parrots , various rodents , and ground dwelling birds . Mammalian biomass tends to be higher in dry forests than in rain forests, especially in Asian and African dry forests. Many of these species display extraordinary adaptations to
98-651: The Marathas. These states, the Orissa Tributary States , later came to be known as the Garhjat states or the Garhjats because they were located in the region of the range. These hills cover the present day districts of Sundargarh , Sambalpur , Deogarh , Jharsuguda , Baragarh , Angul and Kendujhar in northern Odisha. Rourkela in Sundargarh district is a major industrial town. The Garhjat hills are bounded by
112-460: The Odisha coast, covering 76,800 km (29,700 sq mi). The range rises abruptly and steeply in the east and slopes gently to a dissected plateau in the west running from north-east ( Mayurbhanj ) to south-west ( Malkangiri ). The whole area is also marked by intermontane basins which cut across the region in a number of broad and narrow river valleys and flood plains. The average height of
126-448: The difficult climate . This biome is alternately known as the tropical and subtropical dry forest biome or the tropical and subtropical deciduous forest biome. Dry forests tend to exist in the drier areas north and south of the tropical rainforest belt, south or north of the subtropical deserts, generally in two bands: one between 10° and 20°N latitude and the other between 10° and 20°S latitude . The most diverse dry forests in
140-546: The drought a leafless period occurs, which varies with species type. Because trees lose moisture through their leaves, the shedding of leaves allows trees such as teak and mountain ebony to conserve water during dry periods. The newly bare trees open up the canopy layer, enabling sunlight to reach ground level and facilitate the growth of thick underbrush . Trees on moister sites and those with access to ground water tend to be evergreen . Infertile sites also tend to support evergreen trees. Three tropical dry forest ecoregions,
154-594: The preservation of large and continuous areas of forest. Large natural areas are required to maintain larger predators and other vertebrates , and to buffer sensitive species from hunting pressure. The persistence of riparian forests and water sources is critical for many dry forest species. Large swathes of intact forest are required to allow species to recover from occasional large events, like forest fires. Dry forests are highly sensitive to excessive burning and deforestation ; overgrazing and invasive species can also quickly alter natural communities; restoration
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#1732894176520168-748: The range is about 900 metres above mean sea level. Geographically the Garhjat Range is a northward prolongation of the Eastern Ghats . It derives its name from the Hindi term for ' fort ', garh . The region was named by the Mughals who conquered Odisha under Akbar . Under the Marathas too Odisha was divided into the Mughalbandhi and Garhjat provinces and the latter was ruled by 24 vassal chiefs who paid tribute to
182-774: The region's population and the Gonds are a major tribal group of this region. Malaria is a major public health concern in these hills. Some of the important peaks of the Garhjat Hills include the Malayagiri , Manakamacha and Meghasani . The Mahanadi river bisects these hills and to its south, the hills tend to gain elevation. The highest peak to the south is the Mahendragiri in Gajapati district . Tropical dry forest Deciduous trees predominate in most of these forests, and during
196-686: The world occur in western and southern Mexico and in the Bolivian lowlands. The dry forests of the Pacific Coast of northwestern South America support a wealth of unique species due to their dry climate. The Maputaland-Pondoland bushland and thickets along the east coast of South Africa are diverse and support many endemic species. The dry forests of central India and Indochina are notable for their diverse large vertebrate faunas . Madagascar dry deciduous forests and New Caledonia dry forests are also highly distinctive (pronounced endemism and
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