Misplaced Pages

#833166

18-409: Mal Paharia may refer to: Mal Paharia people , a tribal people of eastern India Mal Paharia language , their Indo-Aryan language, also known as Malto and Parsi See also [ edit ] Paharia (disambiguation) Malto (disambiguation) Parsi language , alternate name for the language and other languages so known Topics referred to by

36-616: A feast in the plains between the landlords and sardars . However, when the Mal Paharias tried to assert their independence again, they were betrayed by the Zamindars who killed many of their headmen. From then, they became raiders of the plains. This problem was worsened during the Bengal Famine of 1770 , which the Mal Paharias were not affected due to their reliance on forest products, and so were able to raid without much resistance. Travel on

54-518: A wandering tribe until they settled down in Chhotanagpur and the adjacent districts. That was around the middle of the 18th century. Towards the end of the century, as the pressure of population was keenly felt and the jungles were being cleared, they moved up towards the virgin forests in and around the Rajmahal Hills. The Permanent Settlement of 1793 forced the landlords to improve productivity of

72-421: Is an abysmal 1%, despite the many government schemes that have tried to uplift them. Most villages of the tribe lack basic facilities such as drinking water or sanitation, very few have government jobs and none have become involved in politics. The Paharias have formed several associations to fight for the restoration of their lands and the upliftment of their socio economic condition. The Mal Paharias who live in

90-472: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Mal Paharia people During Muslim rule in Bengal, the Mal Paharias were brave warriors who maintained their independence from government control but developed a relationship with local landlords. Under this agreement, Mal Paharia lands were divided into tappa headed by sardars , who in turn had authority over

108-516: The Indian state of Jharkhand . Damin-i-koh is a Persian word meaning the skirts of the hills. The Damin-i-koh was a densely forested and hilly area. Even in the valleys, there was hardly any human interference except for an occasional Paharia village. That was the situation for centuries. There were three groups of Paharia primitive tribes, namely the Sauria Paharias , Kumarbhag Paharias, and

126-626: The Mal Paharias . They had been living in the Rajmahal Hills , since when it is difficult to trace. They lived mostly in hill tracts. Prior to the arrival of the British, the Paharias led a life undisturbed by the mighty empires reigning in the region. That was mostly the result of their geographical isolation. The Mughals never seem to have conquered the area, possibly because they failed to penetrate into

144-469: The manjhi : village head. The sardars acted as a lawkeeping force among the Mal Paharia in return for which they were given a certain amount of land by the plains people. Passes leading to the hills were guarded by Mal Paharia outposts as well as forts of the plains people. This system ensured relatively friendly relationships between the hill and plains people. Once a year, this arrangement was renewed with

162-486: The sardars , and the forts of the landlords were taken over by EIC officials. Many Mal Paharias were recruited into a new British force which proved extremely effective: first using traditional bows and arrows, and eventually using British weaponry. This Paharia regiment, the Bhagalpur Hill Rangers, continued until the 1857 revolt and the reorganization of British forces there. The government also tried to settle

180-508: The 1850s when Santal numbers became overwhelming. The entry of the Santals generally cut the Mal Paharias off from significant contact with those in the plains. Eventually, their territory became known as Santal Parganas. Santal Parganas would continue to be a division of various administrative units, most recently the state of Jharkhand created in 2000. Today, the Paharias have become an insignificant minority in their own lands. Their literacy rate

198-514: The Mal Paharias in the plains as settled agriculturalists to make the land productive, but this did not work. Instead, the British brought in Santal cultivators from the southeastern part of the Chota Nagpur Plateau, who settled in the wasteland in large numbers starting in the 1830s. The Mal Paharias fiercely resisted the entry of the Santals into their lands, a struggle that would continue until

SECTION 10

#1732885181834

216-474: The deeply forested hilly tracts. They were hill-locked and completely isolated from the outside world. They were also never in any way subordinate to the British Raj till around the end of eighteenth century. The main problem that faced the British in the early years of their rule in the area was that the Paharias had become bandits and dacoits in the declining years of Muslim rule, and lawlessness prevailed in

234-540: The land. The Santals were increasingly used for land reclamation and improvement. In 1832, the government set apart a large area in Damin-i-Koh for the settlement of the Santals. The population in this tract increased from 3,000 in 1838 to 82,795 in 1851. The intention of the British administration in permanently settling the Santals in Damin-i-koh was to reclaim the dense forested region. The industrious Santals were accorded

252-434: The market. They smoke indigenous cheroots, and chew tobacco mixed with lime (khaini) and betel. The Mal Paharias follow a solar deity called Dharmer Gosain like their Sauria Paharia counterparts. Damin-i-koh Damin-i-koh (or sometimes referred to simply as Damin) was the name given to the forested hilly areas of Rajmahal hills broadly in the area of present Sahebganj , Pakur and Godda districts in

270-571: The region. The pacification of the Paharias and their conversion into a law-abiding people was a major achievement of the early British administration under people such as Captain Brooke, Captain Browne, and Augustus Cleveland. The Santals first began to move into the hills and forests of what was later called Santhal Parganas , towards the end of the 18th century. The Santals are the most numerous tribe in eastern India. According to their traditions, they were

288-419: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Mal Paharia . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mal_Paharia&oldid=1155066811 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

306-476: The south bank of the Ganga near Rajmahal Hills became almost impossible, and even British messengers were robbed and murdered. Despite many British attempts to suppress them, the Mal Paharias fought back by luring British forces into the jungle, where the British rifles were useless and Paharia's poisoned arrows were ideal. Finally, in 1778, the British proposed a "pacification" scheme were money and lands were restored to

324-513: The southern hills of Damin-i-koh and in the south and east of Santhal Parganas have been Hinduised. Among themselves they speak a variety of Bengali, but with others they speak Bengali and Hindi. The Bengali and Devenagari scripts are used by them. The Mal Paharias survive on agriculture and forest produce. Rice is their staple food. Pulses like moong, masur, Kulthi and lar are consumed. They are non-vegetarians, but do not eat beef. Both men and women drink liquor, which may be home-made or bought from

#833166