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53-581: Maine Medical Center (commonly abbreviated to MMC or contracted to Maine Med ) is a 700-licensed-bed teaching hospital in Portland , Maine , United States. Affiliated with Tufts University School of Medicine , it is located in the Western Promenade neighborhood. It has a staff of over 9,500. The facility is one of only three Level I Trauma Centers in Northern New England. Founded in 1874, it

106-530: A "hospital within a hospital", the Barbara Bush Children's Hospital (BBCH) is integrated within Maine Medical Center to offer a complete range of pediatric services, specialties and programs including behavioral and developmental, neonatal, cardiology, infectious disease, neurology, palliative care and otolaryngology, among others. The original Children's Hospital opened in 1908, later merging with

159-514: A 31-bed Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and a 20-bed continuing care nursery. Maine Medical Center is a teaching hospital, currently using the Maine Track program at Tufts University School of Medicine . This program allows students from Maine, or those interested in practicing there, to complete the second through fourth year of medical school at MMC in Portland rather than Boston. MMC also hosts

212-469: A contraction of 不 (bù) + 唯/隹 (wéi/zhuī). The contractions are not generally graphically evident, and there is no general rule for how a character representing a contraction might be formed. As a result, the identification of a character as a contraction, as well as the word(s) that are proposed to have been contracted, is sometimes disputed. As vernacular Chinese dialects use sets of function words that differ considerably from Classical Chinese , almost all of

265-411: A definite direct object, and the definite article prefix -ה (/ha-/) are often contracted to 'ת (/ta-/) when the former immediately precedes the latter; thus, ראיתי את הכלב (/ʁaˈʔiti ʔet haˈkelev/, "I saw the dog") may become ראיתי ת'כלב (/ʁaˈʔiti taˈkelev/). In Italian , prepositions merge with direct articles in predictable ways. The prepositions a , da , di , in , su , con and per combine with

318-482: A number of third year clerkships for students from the Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth and University of New England College of Osteopathic Medicine . Contraction (grammar) In linguistic analysis , contractions should not be confused with crasis , abbreviations and initialisms (including acronyms ), with which they share some semantic and phonetic functions, though all three are connoted by

371-473: A portmanteau word is formed by combining two or more existing words that all relate to a singular concept that the portmanteau describes. English has a number of contractions, mostly involving the elision of a vowel, which is replaced by an apostrophe in writing, as in I'm for "I am", and sometimes other changes as well. Contractions are common in speech and in informal writing but tend to be avoided in more formal writing (with limited exceptions, such as

424-663: A special form is used when combining con with mí, ti, or sí, which is written as conmigo for * con mí (with me), contigo for * con ti (with you sing.), consigo for * con sí (with himself/herself/itself/themselves (themself).) Finally, one can hear pa' for para , deriving as pa'l for para el , but these forms are only considered appropriate in informal speech. In Portuguese , contractions are common and much more numerous than those in Spanish. Several prepositions regularly contract with certain articles and pronouns. For instance, de (of) and por (by; formerly per ) combine with

477-483: A verb), te → t'- (informal singular "you" before a verb), le or la → l'- ("the"; or "he", "she", "it" before a verb or after an imperative verb and before the word y or en ), and de → d'- ("of"). Unlike with English contractions, however, thoose contractions are mandatory: one would never say (or write) *ce est or *que elle . Moi ("me") and toi (informal "you") mandatorily contract to m'- and t'- , respectively, after an imperative verb and before

530-407: A vowel, h or y (as h is silent and absorbed by the sound of the succeeding vowel; y sounds like i ). In addition to ce → c'- (demonstrative pronoun "that"), these words are que → qu'- (conjunction, relative pronoun, or interrogative pronoun "that"), ne → n'- ("not"), se → s'- ("himself", "herself", "itself", "oneself" before a verb), je → j'- ("I"), me → m'- ("me" before

583-639: A él , meaning to him , and de él , meaning his or, more literally, of him ). Other contractions were common in writing until the 17th century , the most usual being de + personal and demonstrative pronouns: destas for de estas (of these, fem.), daquel for de aquel (of that, masc.), dél for de él (of him) etc.; and the feminine article before words beginning with a- : l'alma for la alma , now el alma (the soul). Several sets of demonstrative pronouns originated as contractions of aquí (here) + pronoun, or pronoun + otro/a (other): aqueste , aqueso , estotro etc. The modern aquel (that, masc.)

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636-419: Is "Det ordner seg av seg selv" in standard written Bokmål , meaning "It will sort itself out" could become "dånesæsæsjæl" (note the letters Å and Æ , and the word "sjæl", as an eye dialect spelling of selv ). R-dropping , being present in the example, is especially common in speech in many areas of Norway , but plays out in different ways, as does elision of word-final phonemes like /ə/ . Because of

689-480: Is apparent graphically. Similarly, in Northeastern Mandarin 甭 (béng) 'needn't' is a phonological and graphical contraction of 不用 (bùyòng). Finally, Cantonese contracts 乜嘢 (mat1 ye5) 'what?' to 咩 (me1). Note: The particles 爰, 焉, 云, and 然 ending in [-j[a/ə]n] behave as the grammatical equivalents of a verb (or coverb) followed by 之 'him; her; it (third-person object)' or a similar demonstrative pronoun in

742-453: Is dat?" - what is that?. Some of these contractions: French has a variety of contractions like in English except that they are mandatory, as in C'est la vie ("That's life") in which c'est stands for ce + est ("that is"). The formation of such contractions is called elision . In general, any monosyllabic word ending in e caduc (schwa) contracts if the following word begins with

795-810: Is left to a great extent to authors and their publishers. Outside quotations, at least, they usually pay little attention to print more than the most commonly spoken contractions, so as not to degrade their readability. The use of apostrophes to indicate omissions is a varying and considerably less frequent process than in English-language publications. In standard Indonesian, there are no contractions applied, although Indonesian contractions exist in Indonesian slang . Many of these contractions are terima kasih to makasih ("thank you"), kenapa to napa ("why"), nggak to gak ("not"), sebentar to tar ("a moment"), and sudah to dah ("done"). The use of contractions

848-495: Is not allowed in any form of standard Norwegian spelling; however, it is fairly common to shorten or contract words in spoken language. Yet, the commonness varies from dialect to dialect and from sociolect to sociolect—it depends on the formality etc. of the setting. Some common, and quite drastic, contractions found in Norwegian speech are "jakke" for "jeg har ikke", meaning "I do not have" and "dække" for "det er ikke", meaning "there

901-484: Is not". The most frequently used of these contractions—usually consisting of two or three words contracted into one word, contain short, common and often monosyllabic words like jeg , du , deg , det , har or ikke . The use of the apostrophe (') is much less common than in English, but is sometimes used in contractions to show where letters have been dropped. In extreme cases, long, entire sentences may be written as one word. An example of this

954-416: Is often true of other words of similar form, e.g. quale . The direct object pronouns "lo" and "la" may also contract to form "l'" with a form of "avere", such as "L'ho comprato" - "I have bought it", or "L'abbiamo vista" - "We have seen her". Spanish has two mandatory phonetic contractions between prepositions and articles: al (to the) for a el , and del (of the) for de el (not to be confused with

1007-767: Is one of 126 NIH-designated "Centers for Research Excellence" receiving funding for stem and progenitor cell biology and regenerative medicine. Maine Medical Center is owned by MaineHealth , the state's largest healthcare organization. MaineHealth formed in the late 1990s from MMC, with its first board of directors serving from 1999 to 2000. MaineHealth owns and operates a series of mental, long-term, primary care, emergency, and home healthcare facilities in southern, central, and western Maine. Other MaineHealth companies include Memorial Hospital, North Conway NH, Western Maine Health (Penbay Medical Center & Waldo), Southern Maine Health Care (Biddeford & Sanford), LincolnHealth, Spring Harbor Hospital and HomeHealth-VNSM. Referred to as

1060-454: Is preserved in the verb nolo (I am unwilling/do not want), which was formed by a contraction of non volo ( volo meaning "I want"). Similarly this is observed in the first person plural and third person plural forms (nolumus and nolunt respectively). Some contractions in rapid speech include ～っす ( -ssu ) for です ( desu ) and すいません ( suimasen ) for すみません ( sumimasen ). では ( dewa ) is often contracted to じゃ ( ja ). In certain grammatical contexts

1113-406: Is similar to English ones is the combination of the pronoun da with words starting in a , resulting in changing the first letter a for an apostrophe and joining both words. Examples: Estrela d'alva (A popular phrase to refer to Venus that means "Alb star", as a reference to its brightness); Caixa d'água (water tank). In informal, spoken German prepositional phrases , one can often merge

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1166-551: Is spoken as Samma, Meesta, kamma hier ma rin? Several West Central German dialects along the Rhine River have built contraction patterns involving long phrases and entire sentences. In speech, words are often concatenated, and frequently the process of "liaison" is used. So, [Dat] kriegst Du nicht may become Kressenit , or Lass mich gehen, habe ich gesagt may become Lomejon haschjesaat . Mostly, there are no binding orthographies for local dialects of German, hence writing

1219-454: Is subdivided into the centers for molecular medicine, clinical and translational research, outcomes research and evaluation, psychiatric research, and Lyme and vector-borne diseases. The institute also participates in multiple national and international clinical trials in fields ranging from cardiology to oncology, offering opportunities for graduate and post-doctoral training as well as funding. Currently, Maine Medical Center Research Institute

1272-689: Is the medical school of Tufts University , a private research university in Massachusetts . It was established in 1893 and is located on the university's health sciences campus in downtown Boston . It has clinical affiliations with numerous doctors and researchers in the United States and around the world, as well as with its affiliated hospitals in both Massachusetts (including Tufts Medical Center , St. Elizabeth's Medical Center , Lahey Hospital and Medical Center and Baystate Medical Center ), and Maine ( Maine Medical Center ). The School of Medicine

1325-457: Is the largest hospital in northern New England with 28,000 inpatient visits, about 500,000 outpatient visits, 88,000 emergency visits, and over 27,000 surgeries performed annually. MMC is structured as a non-profit, private corporation governed by volunteer trustees. Maine Medical Center is wholly owned by, and serves as the flagship hospital for MaineHealth , a non-profit healthcare network servicing Maine and New Hampshire. Maine Medical Center

1378-495: Is the largest tertiary care hospital in Northern New England, serving all of Maine and parts of Vermont and New Hampshire. It is a Level One Trauma Center, most recently named by U.S. News & World Report as one of the top hospitals in America for heart care, orthopedics and gynecology, and home to the Barbara Bush Children's Hospital, cited as one of the Top 25 children's hospitals in

1431-412: Is the only survivor of the first pattern; the personal pronouns nosotros (we) and vosotros (pl. you) are remnants of the second. In medieval texts, unstressed words very often appear contracted: todol for todo el (all the, masc.), ques for que es (which is); etc. including with common words, like d'ome (d'home/d'homme) instead de ome (home/homme), and so on. Though not strictly a contraction,

1484-513: Is used as a possessive pronoun) and jemu , respectively. The clitic -ń , which stands for niego (him), as in dlań ( dla niego ), is more common in literature. The non-contracted forms are generally used as a means to accentuate. Uyghur , a Turkic language spoken in Central Asia , includes some verbal suffixes that are actually contracted forms of compound verbs ( serial verbs ). For instance, sëtip alidu (sell-manage, "manage to sell")

1537-527: Is used to indicate obligation. It is often used without an auxiliary, e.g., 行かなきゃ（いけない） ( ikanakya (ikenai) ) "I have to go." Other times, contractions are made to create new words or to give added or altered meaning: Various dialects of Japanese also use their own specific contractions that are often unintelligible to speakers of other dialects. In Polish , pronouns have contracted forms that are more prevalent in their colloquial usage. Examples are go and mu . The non-contracted forms are jego (unless it

1590-506: Is usually written and pronounced sëtivaldu , with the two words forming a contraction and the [p] leniting into a [v] or [w]. In Filipino, most contractions need other words to be contracted correctly. Only words that end with vowels can make a contraction with words like "at" and "ay." In this chart, the "@" represents any vowel. Tufts University School of Medicine St. Elizabeth's Medical Center Lahey Hospital & Medical Center The Tufts University School of Medicine

1643-417: The [s] of sais . It is also common in informal contexts to contract tu to t'- before a vowel: t'as mangé for tu as mangé . In Modern Hebrew , the prepositional prefixes -בְּ /bə-/ 'in' and -לְ /lə-/ 'to' contract with the definite article prefix -ה (/ha-/) to form the prefixes -ב /ba/ 'in the' and -ל /la/ 'to the'. In Colloquial Israeli Hebrew]], the preposition את (/ʔet/), which indicates

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1696-815: The Boston Dispensary , the Boston Floating Hospital for Children, and the Trustees of Tufts College. The New England Medical Center (NEMC) was established as a non-profit corporation to coordinate the administrative activities of its constituent organizations. In 1946, the Pratt Diagnostic Clinic, an extension of the Boston Dispensary established in 1938, joined NEMC. In 1950, when the Medical School and Dental School relocated to Harrison Avenue,

1749-585: The Maine Eye and Ear Infirmary (opened in 1890) and the Maine General Hospital (opened in 1874) to become Maine Medical Center. In 1998, the facility sought formal accreditation for its children's services as the Barbara Bush Children's Hospital at Maine Medical Center. The hospital treats infants, children, teens, and young adults aged 0–21 throughout Maine. The inpatient unit of BBCH is approximately 26,000 square feet (2,400 m) with 109 beds including

1802-755: The NEMC became known as the New England Medical Center Hospital. The name of the institution changed to the Tufts New England Medical Center (T-NEMC) in 1968, to New England Medical Center in the 1980s, back to T-NEMC in 2002, and ultimately to the Tufts Medical Center in 2008. Over the years, the governing boards of Tufts University and the medical center negotiated a series of affiliation agreements. Tufts University and Tufts Medical Center are separate corporate entities. However,

1855-499: The [-n] ending is derived from a Sino-Tibetan aspect marker that later took on anaphoric character. Here are some of the contractions in Standard Dutch : Informal Belgian Dutch uses a wide range of non-standard contractions such as "hoe's't" (from "hoe is het?" - how are you?), "hij's d'r" (from "hij is daar" - he's there), "w'ebbe' goe' g'ete'" (from "we hebben goed gegeten" - we had eaten well) and "wa's da'?" (from "wat

1908-942: The apostrophe) in certain contexts. For example, the greeting Wie geht es? is usually encountered in the contracted form Wie geht's? . Regional dialects of German, and various local languages that usually were already used long before today's Standard German was created, do use contractions usually more frequently than German, but varying widely between different local languages. The informally spoken German contractions are observed almost everywhere, most often accompanied by additional ones, such as in den becoming in'n (sometimes im ) or haben wir becoming hamwer , hammor , hemmer , or hamma depending on local intonation preferences. Bavarian German features several more contractions such as gesund sind wir becoming xund samma , which are schematically applied to all word or combinations of similar sound. (One must remember, however, that German wir exists alongside Bavarian mir , or mia , with

1961-521: The classical contractions that are listed below are now archaic and have disappeared from everyday use. However, modern contractions have evolved from the new vernacular function words. Modern contractions appear in all major modern dialect groups. For example, 别 (bié) 'don't' in Standard Mandarin is a contraction of 不要 (bùyào), and 覅 (fiào) 'don't' in Shanghainese is a contraction of 勿要 (wù yào), as

2014-421: The contraction of cela (demonstrative pronoun "that") to ça is optional and informal. In informal speech, a personal pronoun may sometimes be contracted onto a following verb . For example, je ne sais pas ( IPA: [ʒənəsɛpa] , "I don't know") may be pronounced roughly chais pas ( IPA: [ʃɛpa] ), with the ne being completely elided and the [ʒ] of je being mixed with

2067-543: The country. Maine Medical Center is a teaching hospital, with an affiliation with the University of Southern Maine , Saint Joseph's College , Tufts University and Dartmouth College . As a part of its mission, MMC is also a leader in biomedical research, through its Maine Medical Center Research Institute, ongoing clinical trials , and translational research. Since 1956, Maine Medical Center has recruited NIH-funded scientists to staff its research institute. The facility

2120-519: The definite articles o and a (masculine and feminine forms of "the" respectively), producing do , da (of the), pelo , pela (by the). The preposition de contracts with the pronouns ele and ela (he, she), producing dele , dela (his, her). In addition, some verb forms contract with enclitic object pronouns: e.g., the verb amar (to love) combines with the pronoun a (her), giving amá-la (to love her). Another contraction in Portuguese that

2173-617: The many dialects of Norwegian and their widespread use it is often difficult to distinguish between non-standard writing of standard Norwegian and eye dialect spelling. It is almost universally true that these spellings try to convey the way each word is pronounced, but it is rare to see language written that does not adhere to at least some of the rules of the official orthography . Reasons for this include words spelled unphonemically, ignorance of conventional spelling rules, or adaptation for better transcription of that dialect's phonemes. Latin contains several examples of contractions. One such case

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2226-614: The now-standard form "o'clock"). The main contractions are listed in the following table. Although can't , wouldn't and other forms ending ‑n't clearly started as contractions, ‑n't is now neither a contraction (a cliticized form) nor part of one but instead a negative inflectional suffix. Evidence for this is (i) ‑n't occurs only with auxiliary verbs , and clitics are not limited to particular categories or subcategories; (ii) again unlike contractions, their forms are not rule-governed but idiosyncratic (e.g., will → won't, can → can't ); and (iii) as shown in

2279-543: The object position. In fact, 于/於 '(is) in; at', 曰 'say', and 如 'resemble' are never followed by 之 '(third-person object)' or 此 '(near demonstrative)' in pre- Qin texts. Instead, the respective 'contractions' 爰/焉, 云, and 然 are always used in their place. Nevertheless, no known object pronoun is phonologically appropriate to serve as the hypothetical pronoun that underwent contraction. Hence, many authorities do not consider them to be true contractions. As an alternative explanation for their origin, Edwin G. Pulleyblank proposed that

2332-442: The particle の ( no ) is contracted to simply ん ( n ). When used after verbs ending in the conjunctive form ～て ( -te ), certain auxiliary verbs and their derivations are often abbreviated. Examples: * this abbreviation is never used in the polite conjugation, to avoid the resultant ambiguity between an abbreviated ikimasu (go) and the verb kimasu (come). The ending ～なければ ( -nakereba ) can be contracted to ～なきゃ ( -nakya ) when it

2385-460: The preposition and the article ; for example, von dem becomes vom , zu dem becomes zum , or an das becomes ans . Some of these are so common that they are mandatory. In informal speech, aufm for auf dem , unterm for unter dem , etc. are also used, but would be considered to be incorrect if written, except maybe in quoted direct speech, in appropriate context and style. The pronoun es often contracts to ' s (usually written with

2438-857: The president and several other senior officers of Tufts University are ex officio members of the board of directors of the Medical Center. Notable past deans of the school include Lauro Cavazos (acting dean 1973–1975, dean 1975–1980), Harris Berman (interim dean 2009–2011, dean 2011–2019), and Helen Boucher (interim dean 2021–2022, dean 2022–present). In 2022, Tufts University was ranked #81 in clinical and health studies by Times Higher Education (THE) , #201-300 by Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU) , and #56 in medical research by US News . The Tufts University School of Medicine does not directly own or operate any hospitals and instead relies on affiliate hospitals for clinical education and patient care. While medical students can spend time at any of

2491-405: The same meaning.) The Munich-born footballer Franz Beckenbauer has as his catchphrase "Schau mer mal" ("Schauen wir einmal" - in English "We shall see."). A book about his career had as its title the slightly longer version of the phrase, "Schau'n Mer Mal". Such features are found in all central and southern language regions. A sample from Berlin: Sag einmal, Meister, kann man hier einmal hinein?

2544-725: The table, the inflected and "uncontracted" versions may require different positions in a sentence. The Old Chinese writing system ( oracle bone script and bronzeware script ) is well suited for the (almost) one-to-one correspondence between morpheme and glyph . Contractions in which one glyph represents two or more morphemes are a notable exception to that rule. About 20 or so are noted to exist by traditional philologists and are known as jiāncí (兼詞, lit. 'concurrent words'), and more words have been proposed to be contractions by recent scholars , based on recent reconstructions of Old Chinese phonology, epigraphic evidence, and syntactic considerations. For example, 非 [fēi] has been proposed to be

2597-438: The term "abbreviation" in layman’s terms. Contraction is also distinguished from morphological clipping , where beginnings and endings are omitted. The definition overlaps with the term portmanteau (a linguistic blend ), but a distinction can be made between a portmanteau and a contraction by noting that contractions are formed from words that would otherwise appear together in sequence, such as do and not , whereas

2650-477: The various forms of the definite article , namely il , lo , la , l', i , gli , gl', and le . The words ci and è (form of essere , to be) and the words vi and è are contracted into c'è and v'è (both meaning "there is"). The words dove and come are contracted with any word that begins with e , deleting the -e of the principal word, as in "Com'era bello!" – "How handsome he / it was!", "Dov'è il tuo amico?" – "Where's your friend?" The same

2703-410: The very beginning, coeducational, and of the twenty-two students who graduated that first year, eight were women. When the trustees changed the name of the institution from "Tufts College" to "Tufts University" in 1954, the medical school became the "Tufts University School of Medicine." The Tufts Medical Center, the principal teaching hospital of TUSM, came into existence in 1930 through the alliance of

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2756-460: The word y or en . It is also mandatory to avoid the repetition of a sound when the conjunction si ("if") is followed by il ("he", "it") or ils ("they"), which begin with the same vowel sound i : *si il → s'il ("if it", if he"); *si ils → s'ils ("if they"). Certain prepositions are also mandatorily merged with masculine and plural direct articles: au for à le , aux for à les , du for de le , and des for de les . However,

2809-639: Was established by vote of the Trustees of Tufts College on April 22, 1893. It was formed by the secession of seven faculty from the College of Physicians and Surgeons in Boston, a school which was formed in 1880. These "original seven" faculty members successfully lobbied to establish a medical school under the auspices of Tufts College. The new school, which was designated the Medical School of Tufts College, opened its doors in October 1893 with eighty students. The school was, from

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