Hakata Bay ( 博多湾 , Hakata-wan ) is a bay in the northwestern part of Fukuoka city, on the Japanese island of Kyūshū . It faces the Tsushima Strait , and features beaches and a port , though parts of the bay have been reclaimed in the expansion of the city of Fukuoka. The bay is near the site of the Mongol invasions of Japan of 1274 and 1281; both invasions are sometimes referred to as the "Battle of Hakata Bay."
23-693: Maidashi ( 馬出 ) is a district of Higashi-ku, Fukuoka , in Fukuoka Prefecture , Japan. It is divided into six chōme , numbered 1 to 6, with a total population of 8,813 and 5,341 households (as of 31 August 2011). The postal code for addresses in Maidashi is 812–0054. The "Maidashi" school district includes parts of the Higashi Hama district. It is located to the west of Hakozaki Shrine . Mai ( 馬 ) means horse and dashi ( 出 ) means offer in Japanese. It
46-564: A key point of attack for attempts to invade the Japanese islands. In the Toi Invasion of 1019, Jurchens seized several nearby islands, using them as bases from which to raid and attack Hakata. Mongol emissaries first arrived in 1268, and all the samurai armies of Kyūshū was mobilized in anticipation of the first of the Mongol invasions of Japan , which came six years later. Kublai Khan 's forces seized Tsushima and Iki Island before landing on
69-516: A much larger area. Maidashi ryokuchi is not only a park but also a historic site which gives the citizens opportunities to learn the modern history of Hukuoka since the Meiji era. Parks: Formally the coast line retreated at the point of the Kyushu University Maidashi campus today, where there was a place of scenic beauty with white sands and pine groves called Shirahama aomatsu ( 白砂青松 ,
92-571: A number of other high posts at Court in Kyoto, was demoted to a post in Hakata in 901. Fujiwara no Sumitomo , having opposed Taira no Masakado 's rebellion in 939, fled to Hakata two years later, where he was captured and killed. As the closest major bay and port to mainland Asia in Japan, Hakata has played a major role in diplomacy and trade with Korea and China throughout much of history. This also made it, however,
115-628: A surprise attack, which led the Kamakura bakuhu , Japan's feudal government, to create a bulwark against the Mongolian invaders. At the end of the Sengoku period, after Kyūshū Campaign , Toyotomi Hideyoshi settled by the sea shore, and ordered Sen no rikyu to hold a tea party. The pine tree where Rikyu boiled kettle for the tea ceremony still exists in the Kyushu University Medical campus. During
138-480: Is an international school in Maidashi. There are many gardens, such as Azuma Koen , Maidashi ryokuchi , Kyushu University campus, Hakozaki-gu hana teien ( 筥崎宮花庭園 , Hakozaki shrine flower garden ) , etc. The maidachi area is famous for being a garden city. Fukuoka city has a high number of parks for Japan, especially the Midashi area with low population density and educational facility and research establishment cover
161-516: Is believed to have bestowed a Golden Seal to the local leaders, acknowledging (or granting) their authority over the area then called Na no kuni (奴国, Na Country or Na Province). Emissaries from the Chinese kingdom of Cao Wei arrived in the 3rd century, and Empress Jingū is said to have launched her invasion of Korea from this port. By the 7th century, Hakata was the port through which official missions to Tang China were sent and received. Following
184-525: Is connected to Umi no Nakamichi by a bridge. The annual Fukuoka International Cross Country meeting takes place in this ward. The ward has a North Korean school , Fukuoka Korean Elementary School ( 福岡朝鮮初級学校 ). There are approximately 400 public parks in Higashi-ku. One of these is Maidashi Park ( 馬出緑地 ) in Maidashi district. Set in Fukuoka's greenbelt , the park was built on land formerly occupied by
207-667: Is said that the name of Maidashi derives from a historical event at which the town people provided horses for participants at a festival in Hakozaki-gu . The name has been used since the end of Heian Period . Formally it belonged in Naka gun ( 那珂郡 ) (in Chikuzen koku ( 筑前国 ) , it was written as Umayade ( 馬屋出 ) . In the Kamakura Period, when the Mongols attempted to invade Japan , Hakata suffered
230-450: Is well above the national average. [REDACTED] Media related to Maidashi at Wikimedia Commons Higashi-ku, Fukuoka Higashi-ku ( 東区 ) is one of the seven wards of Fukuoka in Japan. As of 1 March 2012, it has a population of 296,576, with 136,133 households and an area of 66.68 km . Its name literally means "east ward". Kashii is in this ward. It is south of neighbouring Shingū, Fukuoka . The Shika Island
253-529: The Nishitetsu Miyajidake Line , which was sold to the city in 1980. Hakata Bay The Bay is defined by shoal Umi-no-nakamichi and tombolo Shika-no-shima (Shika Island) to the north, and Genkai-jima ( Genkai Island ) to the northwest, and the Itoshima Peninsula to the west. Five wards of Fukuoka city border on the bay, which is sometimes labeled "Fukuoka Bay" on maps. Sometimes,
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#1733085095324276-546: The Edo period, there were many domestic expenditures which made Mage-mono ( 曲物 ) and roofing panel and Sanpo , ritual article, to be ordered out by Hakozaki-gu. In 1903, the Fukuoka Ika daigaku ( 福岡医科大学 , Fukuoka medical school ) was established. It was originally the Fukuoka kenritsu Fukuoka byoin ( 福岡県立福岡病院 , the Fukuoka prefectural hospital ) , which was derived from Sansei kan ( 賛生館 ) , Fukuoka clan school. In 1911,
299-715: The Kyushu Imperial University medical school was established. There are several educational establishments: Kyushu University ( National Seven Universities ) Medical school, dental college, department of pharmacy, and Hakata joshi junior high school and high school ( 博多女子中学校・高等学校 ) , Fukuoka municipal junior high school ( 福岡市立福岡中学校 ) and Maidashi elementary school. In addition, there are top level institutes of Japan such as Kyushu University Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University Research Center for Prevention of Infections Diseases, and Kyushu University Research Center for Genetic Information. In Maidashi
322-520: The area is included in the Genkai National Park, and efforts are made to maintain and preserve the natural features and environment both in the bay and on its islands. Though much of the shoreline is natural, some parts, particularly in and around the port itself, are artificial and developed upon; the bay's shoreline was, somewhat crudely, officially designated as natural wilderness and parkland. A number of small islands are contained either within
345-412: The bay is divided into Hakata, Fukuoka, and Imazu Bays, though for simplicity's sake, the term "Hakata Bay" is commonly used as a catch-all to refer to all three. The bay is roughly 10 km from north to south, and 20 km from east to west, covering an area of roughly 133 km . The coastline stretches 128 km. The mouth of the bay is only 7.7 km wide, shielding it to a great extent from
368-520: The bay or around it. The bay and its surrounding settlements were active and significant locations as early as the 3rd century and the Kofun period . Many historical figures of great significance passed through or lived in Hakata, and many major events occurred there. The ruins of Fukuoka Castle lie along the bay, and an active port has existed there for many centuries. The area is said to have been recognized by China as early as 57 CE. Emperor Guangwu of Han
391-553: The bay, Ashikaga Takauji led a force against the Kikuchi clan , allies of Go-Daigo , led by Kikuchi Taketoshi. Victorious, Takauji "at one stroke the Ashikaga leader became virtually master of Kyushi." Jesuit missionary Francis Xavier Passed Hakata on the way from Hirado to Kyo . Through the Edo period (1603–1868), Hakata handled only for domestic trade, as international trade or travel
414-510: The bay, primarily to improve or reinforce the effective functioning of the port. In 1994, an artificial island was begun to be created and called "Island City" (アイランドシティ, Airandoshiti ). Some particular petrified trees in the area are said to have been the masts of ships used in Empress Jingū 's third century invasion of Korea. Veins of mica and pegmatite under the bay, part of a geologic fault , are under governmental protection. Much of
437-559: The defeat of Yamato (Japan) and Baekche in the battle of Hakusukinoe in 663, fears arose of invasions from Silla and China, and areas around the bay were fortified. The first mention of the area (by the name Chikushi) in the Nihon Shoki corresponds to this time period. Kūkai was one of many famous people who journeyed to China through this port. In 806, he returned to Japan and founded Tōchō-ji Temple nearby. Sugawara no Michizane , after having been ambassador to China, and holding
460-566: The number of children has been increasing since 1990. There are many child-care facilities, such as Suginoko hoiku-en ( 杉の子保育園 ) , Himawari hoiku-en ( ひまわり保育園 ) , and parent and toddler groups such as Merry-go-land ( メリーゴーランド ) (in Maidashi Kaikan), Donguri-rando ( どんぐりランド ) , and San san salon ( SUNさんサロン ) . There is a shopping mall called Yume taun Hakata ( ゆめタウン博多 , which means 'Hakata Dream Town' in Japanese ) , which attracts many people from surrounding areas during holidays. There
483-548: The pine trees with beautiful scenery of the seashore ) . But later a landfill site was created and now views of the sea are left only around the Osiroi hama ( お潮井浜 ) of Hakozaki shrine, and an extensive prospect of Hakata Bay . Nowadays as a fabulous view of the sea is to be a key selling point, some high-rise condominiums, targeted for high-income class, have been constructed. In the Maidashi area there are twelve medical organizations, and per capita number of doctors, nurses, and beds
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#1733085095324506-497: The shores of Hakata Bay on November 19. The invaders were eventually repelled, and extensive fortification efforts were undertaken in the ensuing years. The second invasion arrived in 1281, and was similarly repelled. Though referred to in Japanese as the battles of Bun'ei and Kōan (文永と弘安の役), both of these invasion attempts are frequently referred to in English sources as the "Battle of Hakata Bay." In April 1336, at Tadara-no-hama on
529-506: The waves of the Strait. The bay is only 10 metres deep on average, 23 m at its deepest point, though the tides bring a two-metre change in the water level. Set routes are used, therefore, through the bay, to protect ships' drafts . Land reclamation began to be undertaken before the Meiji period , and continued into the post-war period. Since 1945, 1167 square kilometres of land have been reclaimed from
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