58-683: Madurantakam ( [madɯɾaːn̪daɡam] ) is the southernmost suburb of Chennai city and a municipality in Chengalpattu district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu . The town is known for the artificial and second largest lake in Tamil Nadu, the Madurantakam lake . It is said to have been built by the Chola King Uttama Chola , also called as Maduranthaka, during his reign. It is also home to
116-496: A svayamvara ceremony at his capital with the condition that she would marry only a prince who would possess the strength to string the Pinaka , the bow of the deity Shiva . Many princes attempted and failed to string the bow. During this time, Vishvamitra had brought Rama and his brother Lakshmana to the forest for the protection of a yajna (ritual sacrifice). Hearing about the svayamvara , Vishvamitra asked Rama to participate in
174-550: A break at the same EriKaatha Raamar Temple ) Ramanuja and Periyanambi did not want to waste a single minute thereafter and so Periyanambi performed panchasamaskara for Ramanuja here in the temple and thus Ramanuja became his disciple. In two of his poems, Manavala Mamunigal asks everyone who wants to cast away his past sins to worship the Lord at this place. There are separate shrines for Lakshmi Narasimhar , Periya Nambi and Ramanuja , Andal , Sudarsana and Vedanta Desika . The holy tank
232-511: A form of Vishnu and departed to perform penance at the mountain Mahendra. The wedding entourage then reached Ayodhya, entering the city amid great fanfare. Some time after the wedding, Kaikeyi , Rama's stepmother, compelled Dasharatha to make Bharata king, prompted by the coaxing of her maid Manthara , and forced Rama to leave Ayodhya and spend a period of exile in the forests of Dandaka and later Panchavati. Sita and Lakshmana willingly renounced
290-452: A heavy heart, he instructed him to take Sita to a forest outside Ayodhya and leave her there. Thus Sita was forced into exile a second time. Sita, who was pregnant, was given refuge in the hermitage of Valmiki , where she delivered twin sons named Kusha and Lava . In the hermitage, Sita raised her sons alone, as a single mother. They grew up to be valiant and intelligent and were eventually united with their father. Once she had witnessed
348-681: A magnificent deer to lure Sita. Sita, attracted to its golden glow asked her husband to make it her pet. When Rama and Lakshmana went far away from the hut, Ravana kidnapped Sita, disguising himself as a mendicant. Some versions of the Ramayana describe Sita taking refuge with the fire-god Agni , while Maya Sita , her illusionary double, is kidnapped by the demon-king. Jatayu , the vulture-king, tried to protect Sita but Ravana chopped off his wings. Jatayu survived long enough to inform Rama of what had happened. Ravana took Sita back to his kingdom in Lanka and she
406-686: A monsoon night, the tank was full and almost overflowing. The Collector visited the tank bund and is said to have seen Rama and Lakshmana keeping guard at the tank. The construction of the shrine for the Goddess began the very next morning and the Lord is known as Eri Katha Ramar as he saved the tank bund from collapsing. About 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) north-west of Madurantakam lies the Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary and Karikili Bird Sanctuary , home to many rare and endangered species of migratory birds. According to 2011 census , Madurantakam had
464-400: A municipality has jurisdiction may encompass: Powers of municipalities range from virtual autonomy to complete subordination to the state . Municipalities may have the right to tax individuals and corporations with income tax , property tax , and corporate income tax , but may also receive substantial funding from the state. In some European countries, such as Germany, municipalities have
522-808: A part of a yagna and adopted her. The word Sīta was a poetic term, which signified fertility and the many blessings coming from settled agriculture. The Sita of the Ramayana may have been named after a more ancient Vedic goddess Sita, who is mentioned once in the Rigveda as an earth goddess who blesses the land with good crops. In the Vedic period , she was one of the goddesses associated with fertility. Rigveda 4.53.6, addressed to Agricultural Divinities, states "Become inclined our way, well-portioned Furrow. We will extol you, so that you will be well-portioned for us, so that you will be well-fruited for us." -Translated by Jamison and Brereton In Harivamsa , Sita
580-663: A population of 30,796 with a sex-ratio of 1,019 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929. A total of 3,184 were under the age of six, constituting 1,615 males and 1,569 females. The average literacy of the town was 75.4%, compared to the national average of 72.99%. The town had a total of 7,699 households. There were a total of 12,135 workers, comprising 158 cultivators, 1,040 main agricultural labourers, 283 in house hold industries, 8,066 other workers, 2,588 marginal workers, 21 marginal cultivators, 1,031 marginal agricultural labourers, 106 marginal workers in household industries and 1,430 other marginal workers. As per
638-422: A position entirely subordinate to Rama. However, in the worship of Radha Krishna, Radha is often preferred over to Krishna, and in certain traditions, her name is elevated to a higher position compared to Krishna's. The Janaki Ramayana is written by Pandit Lal Das . In this poetic form version, Sita is the central character of the epic. The life of Goddess Sita and her infinite powers have been described from
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#1732901345024696-418: A similar fate of being separated from her husband during pregnancy. The male bird was reborn as the washerman. While the Ramayana mostly concentrates on Rama's actions, Sita also speaks many times during the exile. The first time is in the town of Chitrakuta where she narrates an ancient story to Rama, whereby Rama promises to Sita that he will never kill anybody without provocation. The second time Sita
754-515: A war to defeat Ravana. Upon rescue, Rama makes Sita undergo a trial by fire to prove her chastity. In some versions of the Ramayana , during this test the fire-god Agni appears in front of Rama and attests to Sita's purity, or hands over to him the real Sita and declares it was Maya Sita who was abducted by Ravana. The Thai version of the Ramayana, however, tells of Sita walking on the fire, of her own accord, to feel clean, as opposed to jumping in it. She
812-533: Is a Hindu goddess and the female protagonist of the Hindu epic Ramayana . Sita is the consort of Rama , the avatar of god Vishnu , and is regarded as an avatar of goddess Lakshmi . She is the chief goddess of the Ramanandi Sampradaya and is the goddess of beauty and devotion. Sita's birthday is celebrated every year on the occasion of Sita Navami . Described as the daughter of Bhūmi (the earth), Sita
870-483: Is abducted by Ravana , the Rakshasa king of Lanka . She is imprisoned in the garden of Ashoka Vatika , in Lanka, until she is rescued by Rama, who slays her captor. After the war, in some versions of the epic, Rama asks Sita to undergo Agni Pariksha (an ordeal of fire ), by which she proves her chastity, before she is accepted by Rama, which for the first time makes his brother Lakshmana angry at him. In some versions of
928-618: Is an important goddess in the Vaishnavite traditions of Hinduism. Regarded as the avtara of goddess Lakshmi , she finds her mention in various scriptures and text of Hindu traditions. Sita is the primary character of the minor Upanishad Sita Upanishad , which is attached to the Atharva Veda , It identifies Sita with primordial Prakriti (nature) and her three powers, asserts the text, are manifested in daily life as will ( iccha ), action ( kriyā ) and knowledge ( jnana ). Sita appears in
986-551: Is black in nature. Also, red soil is found near coastal areas. Madurantakam is serviced by a local bus network that facilitates connectivity within the town and neighboring villages. All buses operate from the centrally located Bus stand in the town center. Additionally, the State Express Transport Corporation runs buses linking Madurantakam to various destinations such as Chennai, Chengalpattu, Kanchipuram, Uthiramerur, Thirukazhukundram, as well as locations along
1044-451: Is brought up as the adopted daughter of King Janaka of Videha . Sita, in her youth, chooses Rama, the prince of Ayodhya as her husband in a swayamvara . After the swayamvara , she accompanies her husband to his kingdom, but later chooses to accompany her husband, along with her brother-in-law Lakshmana , in his exile. While in exile, the trio settles in the Dandaka forest from where she
1102-419: Is claimed to be very rare. This shrine was built by an English Collector, Colonel Lionel Blaze who assured the people that he would build a shrine for Devi if the newly built surplus water weirs withstood the fury of monsoon rains. The huge tank with immense storage capacity would breach every year after the monsoon rains and wash away the rough stone-built outlet of the tank. While camping at Madurantakam during
1160-403: Is exclusively focused on her romantic relationship with her lover", giving two contrasting role models from two ends of the moral universe. Yet they share common elements as well. Both face life challenges and are committed to their true love. They are both influential, adored and beloved goddesses in the Hindu culture. In worship of Rama, Sita is represented as a dutiful and loving wife, holding
1218-413: Is found dressed in white on all days while in almost all temples the saint is dressed in ochre. Ramanuja’s life’s biggest incident took place here much before he became a saint.It is here Ramanuja and Periyanambi met each other while Periyanambi was on the way to Kanchi to take Ramanuja home to Srirangam with him to start him teaching.(Ramanuja was on his way to Srirangam too,but both of them happened to take
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#17329013450241276-471: Is invoked as one of the names of the goddess Arya: O goddess, you are the altar's center in the sacrifice, The priest's fee Sita to those who hold the plough And Earth to all living being. The Kausik-sutra and the Paraskara-sutra associate her repeatedly as the wife of Parjanya (a god associated with rains) and Indra . Sita is known by many epithets. She is called Jānaki as
1334-532: Is not burnt, and the coals turn to lotuses. In the Uttara Kanda , following their return to Ayodhya, Rama was crowned as the king with Sita by his side. While Rama's trust and affection for Sita never wavered, it soon became evident that some people in Ayodhya could not accept Sita's long captivity under Ravana. During Rama's period of rule, an intemperate washerman , while berating his wayward wife, declared that he
1392-427: Is opposite the temple with a separate shrine for Anjaneya on its banks. The main town of Madurantakam is situated from its district headquarters Chengalpattu about 25 kilometres and state capital Chennai about 82 kilometres. It serves as the headquarters for Madurantakam taluk. The reservoir near Madurantakam irrigates more than 1000 small villages in and around the town. Kiliyar is a small river that originates from
1450-520: Is shown talking prominently is when she speaks to Ravana. Ravana has come to her in the form of a mendicant and Sita tells him that he does not look like one. Some of her most prominent speeches are with Hanuman when he reaches Lanka. Hanuman wants an immediate union of Rama and Sita and thus he proposes to Sita to ride on his back. Sita refuses as she does not want to run away like a thief; instead she wants her husband Rama to come and defeat Ravana to save her. A female deity of agricultural fertility by
1508-463: Is subordinate. The term municipality may also mean the governing body of a given municipality. A municipality is a general-purpose administrative subdivision, as opposed to a special-purpose district . The English word is derived from French municipalité , which in turn derives from the Latin municipalis , based on the word for social contract ( municipium ), referring originally to
1566-505: Is viewed as the birthplace of Sita. Apart from Sitamarhi, Janakpur , which is located in the present-day Province No. 2 , Nepal , is also described as Sita's birthplace. Sita has a younger sister Urmila , born to Janaka and Sunayna, whom she was the closest among her three sisters. Her father's younger brother, Kushadhvaja daughters Mandavi and Shrutakirti grew up with them in Mithila. When Sita reached adulthood, Janaka conducted
1624-535: The Eri-Katha Ramar Temple . As of 2011, the town had a population of 30,796. Madurantakam was ruled by Uttama chola Madurantaka (Chola King) 971–985 CE so, it is named as Madurantakam by the memory of the king .202.21.43.112 (talk) 17:27, 24 September 2022 (UTC) Madurantakam is one of the holy places visited by Ramanuja though it has not been sung by the Alvars . The place is also unique in that Ramanuja's statue
1682-568: The Kancheepuram parliamentary constituency . K. Maragatham from All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam is the current MLA. Weekly Market (வாராந்திர சந்தை) - There is a weekly market every Monday near Govt Hospital and which sells all things like vegetables, groceries, fruits, fish, etc. Municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it
1740-885: The Puranas namely the Vishnu Purana and Padma Purana (as an avatar of Lakshmi ), the Matsya Purana (as form of Devi ), the Linga Purana (as form of Lakshmi), the Kurma Purana , Agni Purana , Garuda Purana (as consort of Rama), the Skanda Purana and the Shiva Purana . She also finds mention in the Vana Parva of the Mahabharata . Sita along with Rama appears as
1798-736: The ECR routes like Cuddalore, Cheyyur, Chithamur, and Chunampet. Madurantakam railway station belongs to the Chennai railway division and is officially coded as MMK. All passenger and local trains in Chennai–Villupuram route have a halt here and only a few express trains halt. MEMU services proceed in the southern direction from Chengalpet on the line towards Villupuram. The Chennai Beach to Melmaruvahtur MEMU halts at Maduranthakam. The Comprehensive Transportation Study proposed to extend some Chengalpattu bound EMUs to Maduranthakam. The major occupation of
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1856-607: The Latin communities that supplied Rome with troops in exchange for their own incorporation into the Roman state (granting Roman citizenship to the inhabitants) while permitting the communities to retain their own local governments (a limited autonomy). A municipality can be any political jurisdiction , from a sovereign state such as the Principality of Monaco , to a small village such as West Hampton Dunes, New York . The territory over which
1914-604: The Madurantakam reservoir which will be flooded when the reservoir is full. The Kiliyar river joins Palar before entering the Bay of Bengal. Madurantakam almost lies in Coromandel coast and gets rains in north-east monsoon season. In the south-west monsoon season, little showers may occur during evenings. Small hills found in Madurantakam taluk such as Vaiyavoor hill, Malaipalayam hill, Chitravadi hill, Perumberkandigai hill etc. The soil
1972-600: The Spanish term ayuntamiento , referring to a municipality's administration building, is extended via synecdoche to denote the municipality itself. In Moldova and Romania , both municipalities ( municipiu ; urban administrative units) and communes ( comună ; rural units) exist, and a commune may be part of a municipality. In many countries, comparable entities may exist with various names. Sita Traditional Sita ( Sanskrit : सीता ; IAST : Sītā ), also known as Siya , Janaki and Maithili ,
2030-563: The acceptance of her children by Rama, Sita sought final refuge in the arms of her mother Bhūmi . Hearing her plea for release from an unjust world and from a life that had rarely been happy, the Earth dramatically split open; Bhūmi appeared and took Sita away. According to the Padma-puran , Sita's exile during her pregnancy was because of a curse during her childhood. Sita had caught a pair of divine parrots, which were from Valmiki's ashram, when she
2088-511: The beginning to the end. There are three Khandas in the Janaki Ramayana : Kathārambha , Lakshmikaanda and Radhakaanda . The Adbhuta Ramayana is written by Valmiki himself and is shorter than the original epic. Sita is accorded far more prominence in this variant of the Ramayana narrative. During the war, Sahastra Ravana shot an arrow at Rama, making him wounded and unconscious on the battle field. Seeing Rama unconscious and helpless on
2146-654: The central character in Valmiki Samhita , which is attributed to their worship and describes them to be the ultimate reality . In its chapter 5, a dialogue form between Sita and saptarishi , described to Parvati by Shiva is mentioned, known as the Maithili Mahopanishad . भूर्भुवः स्वः । सप्तद्वीपा वसुमती । त्रयो लोकाः । अन्तरिक्षम् । सर्वे त्वयि निवसन्ति । आमोदः । प्रमोदः । विमोदः । सम्मोदः । सर्वांस्त्वं सन्धत्से । आञ्जनेयाय ब्रह्मविद्या प्रदात्रि धात्रित्वां सर्वे वयं प्रणमामहे प्रणमामहे ॥ The sages said: "In
2204-726: The ceremony with the consent of Janaka, who agreed to offer Sita's hand in marriage to the prince if he could fulfil the requisite task. When the bow was brought before him, Rama seized the centre of the weapon, fastened the string taut, and broke it in two in the process. Witnessing his prowess, Janaka agreed to marry his daughter to Rama and invited Dasharatha to his capital. King Dasharatha arrived in Mithila for his son's wedding and noticed that Lakshmana had feelings for Urmila, but according to tradition, Bharata and Mandavi were to marry first. He then arranged for Bharata to marry Mandavi and Shatrughna to marry Shrutakirti, allowing Lakshmana to marry Urmila. Ultimately, all four sisters married
2262-442: The comforts of the palace and joined Rama in exile. The Panchavati forest became the scene for Sita's abduction by Ravana, King of Lanka. The scene started with Shurpanakha 's love for Rama. However Rama refused her, stating that he was devoted to Sita. This enraged the demoness and she tried to kill Sita. Lakshmana cut Shurpanakha's nose and sent her back. Ravana, to kidnap Sita, made a plan. Maricha , his uncle, disguised himself as
2320-525: The community living in the area and the common interest. These include terms: The same terms "Gemeente" (Dutch) or "Gemeinde" (German) may be used for church congregations or parishes, for example, in the German and Dutch Protestant churches. In Greece, the word Δήμος ( demos ) is used, also meaning 'community'; the word is known in English from the compound democracy (rule of the people). In some countries,
2378-604: The complete procedure to worship Sita-Rama, Tulsidas's Vinaya Patrika has devotional hymns dedicated to her. Ramananda through his conversation with disciple Surasurananda in Vaishnava Matabja Bhaskara , explains about the worship of Rama, Sita and Lakshmana. Kalidasa 's Raghuvamsa gives a detail account of Sita's swayamvara, abduct and her exile, in the cantos 10 to 15. The Sita-Rama and Radha-Krishna pairs represent two different personality sets, two perspectives on dharma and lifestyles, both cherished in
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2436-400: The constitutional right to supply public services through municipally-owned public utility companies . Terms cognate with "municipality", mostly referring to territory or political structure, are Spanish municipio (Spain) and municipalidad (Chile), Catalan municipi , Portuguese município . In many countries, terms cognate with "commune" are used, referring to
2494-399: The daughter of Janaka and Maithili as the princess of Mithila. As the wife of Rama, she is called Ramā . Her father Janaka had earned the sobriquet Videha due to his ability to transcend body consciousness; Sita is therefore also known as Vaidehi . The birthplace of Sita is disputed. The Sita Kund pilgrimage site which is located in present-day Sitamarhi district , Bihar, India,
2552-689: The earthly realm, the celestial space, and the heavenly realms, and in the seven continents on Earth, in the three worlds—heaven, mortal, and the netherworld. All these, including space and the sky, reside within you. You embody joy, delight, exhilaration, and bliss. Oh ultimate embodiment of Dhatrī! bestower of the Brahmavidya to Lord Hanuman! Oh sustainer of all realms, Sri Sita! We bow to you repeatedly." Apart from other versions of Ramayana , many 14th-century Vaishnava saints such as Nabha Dass , Tulsidas and Ramananda have mentioned Sita, in their works. While Ramananda's Sri Ramarchan Paddati explains
2610-466: The epic, Maya Sita , an illusion created by Agni , takes Sita's place and is abducted by Ravana and suffers his captivity, while the real Sita hides in the fire. Some scriptures also mention her previous birth being Vedavati , a woman Ravana tries to molest. After proving her purity, Rama and Sita return to Ayodhya, where they are crowned as king and queen. One day, a man questions Sita's fidelity and in order to prove her innocence and maintain his own and
2668-404: The field, Sita gives up her human appearance and takes the horrific form of Mahakali . In less than a second, she severed Sahastra Ravana's 1000 heads and began destroying rakshasas everywhere. Sita is eventually pacified by the gods, Rama's consciousness is restored and the story moves forward. The Sanskrit play Mahaviracharita by Bhavabhuti is based on the early life of Rama. According to
2726-400: The four brothers, strengthening the alliance between the two kingdoms. A wedding ceremony was conducted under the guidance of Shatananda. During the homeward journey to Ayodhya, another avatar of Vishnu, Parashurama , challenged Rama to combat, on the condition that he was able to string the bow of Vishnu, Sharanga . When Rama obliged him with success, Parashurama acknowledged the former to be
2784-469: The inhabitants of the town and surrounding regions is agriculture. There are number of Rice mills available. A number of educational institutions are available inside the town and surrounding. The Kodandaramaswamy temple has two sets of utsavar idols of the presiding deity and His consort, and Lakshmana . While one deity is named Rama, the other is known as Karunakaran. There is also a separate shrine for Goddess Sita , known as Janakavalli Thayar, which
2842-471: The king and the land. Sita is a personification of Earth's fertility, abundance, and well-being. In the Ramcharitmanas , Tulsidas called Sita the regulator of the universe and added, "I bow to Sita, the beloved consort of Sri Rama, who is responsible for the creation, sustenance, and dissolution (of the universe), removes afflictions and begets all blessings." — Balkand, Manglacharan, Shloka 5 Sita
2900-506: The kingdom's dignity, Rama sends Sita into the forest near the sage Valmiki 's ashram. Years later, Sita returns to the womb of her mother, the Earth, for release from a cruel world and as a testimony of her purity, after she reunites her two sons Kusha and Lava with their father Rama. The goddess is best known by the name "Sita", derived from the Sanskrit word sīta , furrow . According to Ramayana , Janaka found her while ploughing as
2958-399: The name Sita was known before Valmiki's Ramayana , but was overshadowed by better-known goddesses associated with fertility. According to Ramayana , Sita was discovered in a furrow when Janaka was ploughing. Since Janaka was a king, it is likely that ploughing was part of a royal ritual to ensure fertility of the land. Sita is considered to be a child of Mother Earth, produced by union between
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#17329013450243016-487: The play, Vishwamitra invites Janaka to attend his sacrifice, but he sends his brother Kushadhvaja and daughters Sita and Urmila, as his delegates. This is the place, where Rama and Sita met for the first time. By the end of the act, Kushadhvaja and Vishwamitra decide to marry Sita and Urmila to Rama and Lakshamana. Saptakanda Ramayana written by Madhava Kandali is a version of Ramayana known for its non-heroic portrayal of Rama, Sita, and other characters, which rendered
3074-453: The religious census of 2011, Madurantakam had 89.2% Hindus , 6.69% Muslims , 2.87% Christians , 0.02% Sikhs , 0.07% Buddhists , 0.79% Jains , 0.36% following other religions and 0.0% following no religion or did not indicate any religious preference. Madurantakam (SC) is a state assembly constituency in Tamil Nadu , India newly formed after constituency delimitation. It is included in
3132-400: The way of life called Hinduism . Sita is traditionally wedded: the dedicated and virtuous wife of Rama , an introspective temperate paragon of a serious, virtuous man. Radha is a power potency of Krishna , who is a playful adventurer. Sita and Radha offer two templates within the Hindu tradition. If "Sita is a queen, aware of her social responsibilities", states Pauwels, then "Radha
3190-539: The work unsuitable for religious purposes. Sita in Hinduism , is revered as the goddess of beauty and devotion. She is mostly depicted along with her husband Rama and is shakti or prakriti of Rama, as told in the Ram Raksha Stotram . Mithila art , that originated at Sita's birthplace depicts Sita and Rama's marriage ceremony through the paintings. In Rama and Sita's temple, she is always placed on Rama's right, with
3248-412: Was "no pusillanimous Rama who would take his wife back after she had lived in the house of another man". The common folk started gossiping about Sita and questioned Ram's decision to make her queen. Rama was extremely distraught on hearing the news, but finally told Lakshmana that as a king, he had to make his citizens pleased and the purity of the queen of Ayodhya has to be above any gossip and rumour. With
3306-422: Was held as a prisoner in one of his palaces. During her captivity for a year in Lanka, Ravana expressed his desire for her; however, Sita refused his advances. Hanuman was sent by Rama to seek Sita and eventually succeeded in discovering Sita's whereabouts. Sita gave Hanuman her jewellery and asked him to give it to her husband. Hanuman returned across the sea to Rama. Sita was finally rescued by Rama, who waged
3364-466: Was young. The birds were talking about a story of Sri Ram heard in Valmiki 's ashram, which intrigued Sita. She has the ability to talk with animals. The female bird was pregnant at that time. She requested Sita to let them go, but Sita only allowed her male companion to fly away, and the female parrot died because of the separation from her companion. As a result, the male bird cursed Sita that she would suffer
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