77-624: Madstock...The Continuing Adventures of Bubblecar Fish is the first and only album of English acid house band Candy Flip . Four of its singles charted on the UK Singles Chart , with the biggest hit , " Strawberry Fields Forever ", a cover of the Beatles song, peaking at No. 3 in March 1990. Lloyd Bradley from Q magazine described the album as having "satisfying solid beats and oozing melodies". This 1990s electronic music album-related article
154-419: A cathartic " to detoxify the drugs in the gastrointestinal system. Cooling the victim is recommended to avoid hyperthermia. If the victim overdosed on Rohypnol, the antidote flumazenil can be given; this is the only club drug for which there is an antidote. In the mid to late-1970s disco club scene, there was a thriving drug subculture, particularly for drugs that would enhance the experience of dancing to
231-611: A fast heart rate , panic attacks , cognitive impairments and drastic changes in personality. The symptoms of cocaine withdrawal (also known as comedown or crash ) range from moderate to severe: dysphoria , depression , anxiety , psychological and physical weakness , pain , and compulsive cravings . GHB addiction occurs when repeated drug use disrupts the normal balance of brain circuits that control rewards, memory and cognition, ultimately leading to compulsive drug taking. Although there have been reported fatalities due to GHB withdrawal, reports are inconclusive and further research
308-548: A hangover -like effect which can persist to the next day. It also impairs psychomotor functions similar to other benzodiazepines and nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic drugs. Although the previously mentioned drugs are generally categorized as club drugs by the media and the United States government, this distinction probably does not have an accurate correlation to real usage patterns. For example, alcoholic beverages ( beer , wine , hard liquor ) are generally not included under
385-656: A recreational drug in the late 1960s and 1970s, known variously as "ludes" or "sopers" (also "soaps") in the U.S. and "mandrakes" and "mandies" in the UK, Australia and New Zealand. The drug was often used by hippies and by people who went dancing at glam rock clubs in the 1970s and at discos (one slang term for Quaaludes in the disco era was "disco biscuits"). In the mid-1970s, there were bars in Manhattan called "juice bars" that only served non-alcoholic drinks that catered to people who liked to dance on methaqualone. Purported methaqualone
462-433: A dealer will tell a purchaser that she/he has a certain illegal drug for sale, while in fact the dealer's pills, capsules or bags of powder do not contain that chemical. For example, MDMA ("ecstasy") is very hard to synthesize in illegal underground labs, and methamphetamine is much easier (it can be made from household chemicals and over-the-counter cold remedies containing pseudoephedrine ). As such, what dealers sell as MDMA
539-476: A drug adulterated with other chemicals, it is hard for doctors to know what type of overdose to treat for, even if the user is conscious and can tell the medical team what drug they think they took. A doctor recommends "cardiac monitoring, pulse oximetry, urinalysis, and performance of a comprehensive chemistry panel to check for electrolyte imbalance, renal toxicity, and possible underlying disorders" and preventing "seizures". Some doctors use activated charcoal and
616-535: A few exceptions, most psychedelic drugs fall into one of the three following families of chemical compounds; tryptamines , phenethylamines , and lysergamides . Many psychedelic drugs are illegal worldwide under the UN conventions unless used in a medical or religious context. Despite these regulations, recreational use of psychedelics is common, including at raves and EDM concerts and festivals. " Poppers " are small bottles of volatile drugs which are inhaled by clubgoers for
693-439: A loosely defined category of recreational drugs which are associated with discothèques in the 1970s and nightclubs , dance clubs , electronic dance music (EDM) parties, and raves in the 1980s to today. Unlike many other categories, such as opiates and benzodiazepines , which are established according to pharmaceutical or chemical properties, club drugs are a "category of convenience", in which drugs are included due to
770-418: A mild aphrodisiac effect. While medical grade nitrous oxide is only available to dentists and other licensed health care providers, recreational users often obtain the drug by inhaling the nitrous oxide used in whipped cream aerosol cans. Nitrous oxide users also buy small "whippet" canisters of nitrous oxide intended for use in restaurant whipped cream dispensers and then "crack" open these canisters to inhale
847-560: A reality by using club drugs such as ecstasy and LSD . The association of acid house, MDMA , and smiley faces was observed in New York City by late 1988. This coincided with an increasing level of scrutiny and sensationalism in the mainstream press, although conflicting accounts about the degree of connection between acid house music and drugs continued to surface. Acid house was also popular in Manchester . The Thunderdome (which
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#1733085308752924-428: A single illegal drug (marijuana) and the teens tested positive for marijuana and PCP. Some dealers who have a very small quantity of MDMA powder to sell "spike" it with less expensive and easier to produce methamphetamine powder. Not all club drugs are addictive (e.g. nitrous oxide). However, some club drugs are addictive. Amphetamine heavily used in recreational fashion pose a risk of addiction . Cocaine addiction
1001-543: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Acid house Psychedelic film Acid house (also simply known as just " acid ") is a subgenre of house music developed around the mid-1980s by DJs from Chicago . The style is defined primarily by the squelching sounds and basslines of the Roland TB-303 electronic bass synthesizer-sequencer, an innovation attributed to Chicago artists Phuture and Sleezy D circa 1986. Acid house soon became popular in
1078-408: Is a popular club drug in the rave and electronic dance music scenes and in nightclubs . It is known under many nicknames, including "e" and "Molly". MDMA is often considered the drug of choice within the rave culture and is also used at clubs, festivals, house parties and free parties . In the rave environment, the sensory effects from the music and lighting are often highly synergistic with
1155-659: Is a powerful nervous system stimulant. Its effects can last from fifteen or thirty minutes to an hour. The duration of cocaine's effects depends on the amount taken and the route of administration. Cocaine can be in the form of fine white powder, bitter to the taste. When inhaled or injected, it causes a numbing effect. Cocaine increases alertness, feelings of well-being and euphoria , energy and motor activity, feelings of competence and sexuality. Cocaine's stimulant effects are similar to that of amphetamine , however, these effects tend to be much shorter lasting and more prominent. Methaqualone (Quaaludes) became increasingly popular as
1232-451: Is a psychological desire to use cocaine regularly. Cocaine overdose may result in cardiovascular and brain damage , such as: constricting blood vessels in the brain, causing strokes and constricting arteries in the heart; causing heart attacks . The use of cocaine creates euphoria and high amounts of energy. If taken in large, unsafe doses, it is possible to cause mood swings , paranoia , insomnia , psychosis , high blood pressure ,
1309-502: Is credited with having been the first to use the TB-303 in house music (the instrument had been used earlier in disco records by the earlier mentioned Charanjit Singh in 1982, in hi-NRG, Alexander Robotnick in 1983). The group's 12-minute " Acid Tracks " was recorded to tape and was played by DJ Ron Hardy at the Music Box, where Hardy was resident DJ. Hardy once played it four times over
1386-433: Is impossible to know which track was created first. In the 21st century, attention was drawn to Charanjit Singh 's album Synthesizing: Ten Ragas to a Disco Beat , featuring Indian ragas fused with disco . The album released as early as 1982, featured a TB-303 prominently, Singh being one of the earliest musicians to use it on a commercial release. The record predates the famously known "Acid Trax" by 5 years. It
1463-550: Is in a significant minority of cases found to be inert, or contain diphenhydramine or benzodiazepines. Methaqualone is one of the most commonly used recreational drugs in South Africa . It is also popular elsewhere in Africa and in India. Commonly known as Mandrax, M-pills, buttons, or smarties, a mixture of crushed mandrax and cannabis is smoked, usually through a smoking pipe made from
1540-471: Is legal when used from a whipped cream can) . Other club drugs, such as amphetamine, are generally illegal unless the individual has a medical prescription. Some club drugs are almost always illegal, such as cocaine and MDMA. There are a range of risks from using club drugs. As with all drugs, from legal drugs like alcohol to illegal drugs like BZP , usage can increase the risk of injury due to falls, dangerous or risky behavior (e.g., unsafe sex ) and, if
1617-454: Is needed. Ketamine use as a recreational drug has been implicated in deaths globally, with more than 90 deaths in England and Wales in the years of 2005–2013. They include accidental poisonings, drownings, traffic accidents, and suicides. The majority of deaths were among young people. This has led to increased regulation (e.g., upgrading ketamine from a Class C to a Class B banned substance in
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#17330853087521694-475: Is often methamphetamine powder. Similarly, pills sold by drug dealers as LSD , a drug which only the top chemists have the training to synthesize, most often contain no LSD; instead, they often contain PCP , a veterinary tranquilizer which produces dissociation and hallucinations in humans. In some cases, the dealer has intentionally substituted a less expensive, more available illegal drug for another drug. In other cases,
1771-544: Is relatively uncommon. Narconon states that other synthetic drugs used in clubs, or which are sold as "Ecstasy", include harmaline ; piperazines (e.g., BZP and TFMPP ); PMA /PMMA; mephedrone (generally used outside the US) and MDPV . The legal status of club drugs varies according to the region and the drug. Some drugs are legal in some jurisdictions, such as "poppers" (which are often sold as "room deodorizer" or "leather polish" to get around drug laws) and nitrous oxide (which
1848-403: Is sometimes taken in conjunction with other psychoactive drugs, such as LSD , DMT , psilocybin mushrooms and 2C-B . Users sometimes use mentholated products while taking MDMA for its cooling sensation. A number of stimulants are used as club drugs. Various amphetamines and methamphetamines are used as stimulants, as is cocaine . These drugs enable clubgoers to dance all night. Cocaine
1925-629: Is taken in "trail mixes" of methamphetamine, phencyclidine, cocaine, sildenafil citrate (Viagra), morphine or heroin." Another risk with club drugs is one shared by all drugs, from legal drugs like alcohol to abused over-the-counter drugs (taking large amounts of dextromethorphan cough syrup) and illegal drugs ( BZP , amphetamines , etc.): while impaired, the user is more likely to be injured, engage in dangerous or risky behaviour (e.g., unsafe sex ) or, if she or he drives, have an accident resulting in injury or death due to impaired driving . In many cases, illegal club drugs are misrepresented. That is,
2002-520: Is to avoid drug laws. Since the early 2000s, medical professionals have acknowledged and addressed the problem of the increasing consumption of alcoholic drinks and club drugs (such as MDMA , cocaine , rohypnol , GHB , ketamine , PCP , LSD , and methamphetamine ) associated with rave culture among adolescents and young adults in the Western world . Studies have shown that adolescents are more likely than young adults to use multiple drugs, and
2079-672: The NBOMes and especially 25I-NBOMe , had become common at raves in Europe. The drug organization Norconon states that other synthetic drugs used in clubs, or which are sold as "Ecstasy" include harmaline ; piperazines (e.g., BZP and TFMPP ); PMA /PMMA; mephedrone (generally used outside the US) and MDPV . Though far less common than other "club drugs" like MDMA, ketamine, or LSD , heroin can be found in some of New York City's clubs. Marijuana and related cannabis products are used by some clubgoers; for example, some Rohypnol and ketamine users mix
2156-675: The United Kingdom and continental Europe , where it was played by DJs in the acid house and later rave scenes. By the late 1980s, acid house had moved into the British mainstream, where it had some influence on pop and dance styles. Acid house brought house music to a worldwide audience. The influence of acid house can be heard in later styles of dance music including trance , hardcore , jungle , big beat , techno and trip hop . Acid house's minimalist sound combined house music's ubiquitous programmed four-on-the-floor 4/4 beat with
2233-482: The "rush" or "high" that they can create. Nitrites such as alkyl nitrite originally came as small glass capsules that were popped open, which led to the nickname "poppers." The drug became popular in the US first on the disco /club scene of the 1970s, where dancers used the drug for the "rush" it provides, and because it was perceived to enhance the experience of dancing to loud, bass-heavy disco. The drug became popular again in
2310-527: The 1960s Mod subculture in U.K., whose members took amphetamine to stay up all night. In the 1970s disco scene, the club drugs of choice shifted to the stimulant cocaine and the depressant Quaaludes. Quaaludes were so common at disco clubs that the drug was nicknamed "disco biscuits". In the 1990s and 2000s, methamphetamine and MDMA are sold and used in many clubs. "Club drugs" vary by country and region; in some regions, even opiates such as heroin and morphine have been sold at clubs, though this practice
2387-480: The Future". They advertised huge sound systems, fairground rides, foreign DJs, and other attractions. Many articles were written sensationalizing these parties and the results of them, focusing especially on the drug use and out-of-control nature that the media perceived. Once the term acid house became more widely used, participants at acid house-themed events in the UK and Ibiza made the psychedelic drug connotations
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2464-596: The Mancunian rock scene. Prominent Madchester bands include the Stone Roses , Happy Mondays , the Charlatans and Inspiral Carpets . In the late 1980s and early 1990s, British news media and tabloids devoted an increasing amount of coverage to the hedonistic acid house/rave scene, focusing increasingly on its association with psychedelic drugs and club drugs . At first, promoters like Tony Colston-Hayter tried to monetize
2541-411: The U.K.). At sufficiently high doses, Ketamine users may experience what is called the " K-hole ", a state of extreme dissociation with visual and auditory hallucinations. The main treatment for individuals facing acute medical issues due to club drug consumption or overdoses is "cardiorespiratory maintenance". Since club drug users may have consumed multiple drugs, a mix of alcohol and other drugs, or
2618-515: The after-hour parties, so the groups began to assemble inside warehouses and other inconspicuous venues in secret, hence also marking the first developments of the rave . Raves were well attended at this time and consisted of single events or moving series of parties thrown by production companies or unlicensed clubs. Two well-known groups at this point were Sunrise , who held particularly massive outdoor events, and Revolution in Progress (RIP), known for
2695-466: The banning of acid house during its heyday from radio, television, and retail outlets in the United Kingdom. The moral panic of the press began in late 1988, when a UK 'red-top' tabloid called The Sun , which only days earlier on October 12 had promoted acid house as "cool and groovy" while running an offer on acid smiley face t-shirts, abruptly turned on the scene. On October 19, The Sun ran with
2772-659: The category of club drugs, even though they are probably used more than any other drug at clubs, particularly those that are liquor-licensed nightclubs or bars . A psychedelic is a psychoactive drug whose primary action is to alter cognition and perception , typically by agonising serotonin receptors , causing thought and visual/auditory changes, and heightened state of consciousness. Major psychedelic drugs include Bufotenin , Racemorphan , LSD , DMT , and psilocybin mushrooms . Not to be confused with psychoactive drugs, such as stimulants and opioids , which induce states of altered consciousness, psychedelics tend to affect
2849-501: The consumption of club drugs is highly associated with the presence of criminal behaviors and recent alcohol abuse or dependence . Club drugs are used in Australia in a variety of dance clubs and nightclubs . One in ten Australians have used MDMA at least once in their lifetime; one in thirty have used MDMA in the past 12 months. One in a hundred Australians has used ketamine at least once in their lives and one in five hundred over
2926-555: The course of an evening until the crowd responded favorably. Chicago's house music scene suffered a crackdown on parties and events by the police. Sales of house records dwindled and, by 1988, the genre was selling less than a tenth as many records as at the height of the style's popularity. However, house and especially acid house was beginning to experience a surge in popularity in Britain. London 's club Shoom opened in November 1987 and
3003-435: The dancer hyperactivity and energy to dance all night. Many drugs produce a feeling of heightened physical sensation, and increased libido and sexual pleasure. Some club drugs, such as LSD, DMT, MDMA, 2C-B and ketamine enhance the experience of being in a nightclub with pulsating lights and flashing lasers and throbbing dance music, because they cause hallucinations or unusual perception effects. Although research continues into
3080-684: The dark atmosphere and hard music at events which were usually thrown in warehouses or at Clink Street, a South East London nightclub housed in a former jail. Promoters like (The Big Lad) Shane McKenzie and the gang back in 1987 were doing small parties in NW London, moving raves from the streets and the fields to the clubs of London 1990–2005 which saw the future of raves in clubs all over the UK and Spain. The Sunrise group threw several large acid house raves in Britain which gathered serious press attention. In 1988 they threw "Burn It Up", 1989 brought "Early Summer Madness", "Midsummer Night's Dream" and "Back to
3157-594: The dealer's profit by bulking out the powder, so that less expensive cocaine or amphetamine has to be used in making the product. Some substances used to "cut" illegal drugs are not inherently harmful, as they are just used to "pad" or "bulk out" a quantity of the illegal drug and increase profits, such as lactose (milk sugar), a white powder often added to heroin . Even fairly innocuous powders that are added to illegal drugs, though, can have adverse effects with some routes of illegal drug administration, such as injection. With some drugs, adulterants are sometimes added to make
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3234-598: The drug. The psychedelic quality of MDMA and its amphetamine -like energizing effect offers multiple reasons for its appeal to users in the rave setting. Some users enjoy the feeling of mass communion from the inhibition-reducing effects of the drug, while others use it as "party fuel" for all-night dancing. MDMA is taken by users less frequently than other stimulants, typically less than once per week. Effects include "[g]reater enjoyment of dancing", "[d]istortions of perceptions, particularly light, music and touch"; and "[a]rtificial feelings of empathy and emotional warmth". MDMA
3311-406: The electronic squelch sound produced by the Roland TB-303 electronic synthesizer-sequencer. The sound is commonly produced by raising the filter resonance and lowering the cutoff frequency of the synthesizer, along with programming the 303's accent, slide, and octave parameters, to create variation in otherwise simple bass patterns. "Exploration of texture" is preferred over melody; "a refusal of
3388-457: The full scope of the effects of illegal drugs, regular and unsafe use of club drugs is widely accepted to have damaging side effects and carry a risk of addiction. Increased heart rate, a steep increase in body temperature, increase in blood pressure, spasms and dehydration are all common side effects of MDMA and methamphetamine. Breathing and respiratory issues, drowsiness, nausea and confusion are common side effects of said drugs. They can also make
3465-548: The gas. Users typically transfer the gas to a plastic bag or balloon prior to inhaling it. Ketamine , a dissociative anesthetic , has a long history of being used in clubs and was one of the most popular substances used in the New York Club Kid scene. Ketamine produces a dissociative state, characterized by a sense of detachment from one's physical body and the external world which is known as depersonalization and derealization . Effects include hallucinations, changes in
3542-507: The headline "Evils of Ecstasy ", linking the acid house scene with the newly popular and relatively unknown drug. The resultant panic incited by the tabloids eventually led to a crackdown on clubs and venues that played acid house and had a profound negative impact on the scene. Any records that mentioned the word acid, such as Dancin' Danny D's record with scene promoter Gary Haisman (D Mob's " We Call It Acieed "), were taken off radio and television playlists just as they were climbing towards
3619-424: The increase in heart rate and thirstiness induced. Inconsistency in the strength and exact composition of the supplied drug causing users to overdose. Wide variance in the measured rate of deaths caused by drugs such as ecstasy across countries suggest that user and societal/environmental factors may also affect the lethality of club drugs. Another risk is drug interactions. Some club drug users take multiple drugs at
3696-416: The late 1980s and into the late 1990s, drug usage, especially MDMA , grew with them. Much like discos, raves made use of flashing lights, loud techno / electronic dance music to enhance the user experience. Before their scheduling, some club drugs (especially designer drugs referred to as research chemicals ) were advertised as alcohol-free and drug-free. Another reason that drug producers create new drugs
3773-585: The locations they are consumed and/or where the user goes while under the influence of the drugs. Club drugs are generally used by adolescents and young adults. Club drugs range from entactogens such as MDMA ("ecstasy"), 2C-B ("nexus") and inhalants (e.g., nitrous oxide and poppers ) to stimulants (e.g., amphetamine and cocaine ), depressants/sedatives ( Quaaludes , GHB , Rohypnol ) and psychedelic and hallucinogenic drugs ( LSD and DMT ). Dancers at all-night parties and dance events have used some of these drugs for their stimulating properties since
3850-503: The loud dance music and the flashing lights on the dancefloor. Substances such as cocaine (nicknamed "blow"), amyl nitrite (" poppers "), and Quaaludes . Quaaludes were described as [the] "...other quintessential 1970s club drug", which suspends motor coordination ." ) According to Peter Braunstein , "massive quantities of drugs were ingested in discothèques." Throughout the 1980s, the use of club drugs expanded into colleges, social parties, and raves. As raves grew in popularity through
3927-450: The metaphysical priorities of western music discourse." Other elements, such as synthetic strings and stabs , were usually minimal. Sometimes tracks were instrumentals such as Phuture 's " Acid Tracks ", or contained full vocal performances such as Pierre's Pfantasy Club's "Fantasy Girl", while others were essentially instrumentals complemented by the odd spoken word 'drop-in', such as Phuture's "Slam". There are conflicting accounts about
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#17330853087524004-500: The mid-1980s and 1990s rave and EDM scenes. As with disco clubgoers, rave participants and EDM enthusiasts used the drug because its "rush" or "high" was perceived to enhance the experience of dancing to pulsating music and lights. Nitrous oxide is a dissociative inhalant that can cause depersonalization , derealization (feeling like the world is not real), dizziness , euphoria , and some sound distortion ( flanging ). In some cases, it may cause slight hallucinations and have
4081-404: The mind in ways that result in the experience being qualitatively different from those of ordinary consciousness. Whereas stimulants cause an energized feeling and opiates produce a dreamy, relaxed state, the psychedelic experience is often compared to non-ordinary forms of consciousness such as trance , meditation , yoga , religious ecstasy , dreaming and even near-death experiences . With
4158-662: The name Baby Ford , the record peaked at number 58 on the UK Singles Chart on September 24, 1988, and was followed by Baby Ford's "Chikki Chikki Ahh Ahh" hit. The genre was extremely popular with the city's football hooligans . According to Manchester United football hooligan Colin Blaney in Hotshot: The Story of a Little Red Devil , the acid house venues were the only place where rival hooligan gangs would mix, without coming to blows with one another. The Madchester and baggy movements saw acid house influences bleed into
4235-452: The neck of a broken bottle. The depressant GHB (also used by assailants as a date rape drug , in which case they slip it into a victim's drink) is intentionally taken by some users as a party drug and club drug. Rohypnol (also used as a date rape drug ) is a sedative/hypnotic that causes intoxication and impairs cognitive functions. This may appear as lack of concentration, confusion and anterograde amnesia . It can be described as
4312-489: The origin of the term acid . One self claimed account by members of Phuture points to their own " Acid Tracks ". Before the song was given a title for commercial release, it was played by DJ Ron Hardy at a nightclub where psychedelic drugs were reportedly used. The club's patrons called the song "Ron Hardy's Acid Track" (or "Ron Hardy's Acid Trax"). The song was released with the title "Acid Tracks" on Larry Sherman's label Trax Records in 1987. Sources differ on whether it
4389-660: The other club attendees in a peaceful movement that has been compared to the Summer of Love in San Francisco in 1967. Another club called Trip was opened in June 1988 by Nicky Holloway at the Astoria in London's West End. Trip was geared directly towards the acid house music scene. It was known for its intensity and stayed open until 3 AM. The patrons would spill into the streets chanting and drew
4466-422: The perception of distances, relative scale, color and durations/time, as well as a slowing of the visual system's ability to update what the user is seeing. In the 2000s, synthetic phenethylamines such as 2C-I , 2C-B and DOB have been referred to as club drugs due to their stimulating and psychedelic nature (and their chemical relationship with MDMA ). By late 2012, derivates of the psychedelic 2C-X drugs,
4543-405: The police on regular occasions. The reputation that occurrences like this created along with the UK's strong anti-club laws started to make it increasingly difficult to offer events in the conventional club atmosphere. Considered illegal in London during the late '80s, after-hour clubbing was against the law. However, this did not stop the club-goers from continuing after-hours dancing. Police raided
4620-407: The popular club drug Ecstasy ( MDMA ). According to Professor Hillegonda Rietveld, a researcher specializing in electronic dance music , it was the house sensibility of Chicago, in a club like Hardy's The Music Box , that afforded it its initial meaning. In her view " acid connotes the fragmentation of experience and dislocation of meaning due to the unstructuring effects on thought patterns which
4697-531: The powdered drug with marijuana and smoke it. Although each club drug has different effects, their use in clubs reflects their perceived contribution to the user's experience dancing to a beat as lights flash to the music. Club drug users are generally taking the drugs to "enhance social intimacy and sensory stimulation" from the dance club experience. Some club drugs' popularity stems from their ability to induce euphoria , lowered inhibition and an intoxicated feeling. Some drugs, such as amphetamine and cocaine, give
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#17330853087524774-442: The product more appealing. For example, "flavoured cocaine" has flavoured powder added to the drug. Whereas the main goal of "cutting" is to bulk out a quantity of pure, expensive illegal drugs with an innocuous and not overly harmful substance ( lactose ) or fairly low-impact product (e.g., caffeine in amphetamine pills), the goal of "spiking" is to try to make lower-quality illegal drug or a lower-potency source of illegal drugs give
4851-470: The psychedelic drug LSD or 'Acid' can bring about. In the context of the creation of "Acid Tracks" it indicated a concept rather than the use of psychedelic drugs in itself. Some accounts disavow psychedelic connotations. One theory, holding that acid was a derogatory reference towards the use of samples in acid house music, was repeated in the press and in the British House of Commons . In this theory,
4928-458: The same time. "Club drugs often are taken together, with alcohol, or with other drugs to enhance their effect." Drug interactions can cause hazardous side effects. When club drug users are in a liquor-licensed nightclub , users may mix pills or powders (MDMA, 2C-B, GHB, ketamine) with consumption of alcoholic drinks such as beer, wine or hard liquor. Some depressants, such as Rohypnol , are dangerous to take while drinking alcohol. "Ketamine often
5005-465: The scene by promoting his Apocalypse Now parties (organised with Roger Goodman) on the ITV News (ITN) in the same way that a latter-day popstar such as Gary Barlow would promote his album on the news (generally in the "...And Finally" part of the programme). However, these reports soon changed from positive promotion to a negative viewpoint, with the sensationalist nature of the coverage contributing to
5082-454: The substitution was made by a higher-level drug cartel or organization, and the dealer may in fact believe that the bogus product is MDMA or LSD. With the exception of marijuana , which typically is uncut and unlaced, many illegal drugs, especially those which come in a powder or pill form are "cut" with other substances or "spiked" with other drugs. Cocaine, amphetamines and other stimulants often have caffeine powder added, as this increases
5159-491: The term acid came from the slang term "acid burning," which the Oxford Dictionary of New Words calls "a term for stealing." In 1991, UK Libertarian advocate Paul Staines claimed that he had coined this theory to discourage the government from adopting anti-rave party legislation. The name of acid jazz is derived from that of acid house, which served as one of the inspirations for the genre's development. Before
5236-411: The term "acid house" was introduced, rawer early acid house was " hi-NRG ", a type of bassline-driven electronic music that began with disco music that discarded its funk element, starting with Giorgio Moroder productions for Donna Summer . However, the earliest recorded examples of acid house are a matter of debate. Sleezy D 's "I've Lost Control" (1986) was the first to be released on vinyl, but it
5313-520: The top of the UK chart. By the time Colston-Hayter had invited another ITV news team down to promote his latest party (this time from Granada's current affairs show World in Action ), acid house was being described as a "sinister and evil cult" that was just encouraging people to take drugs. Despite this, one tune broke through into the mainstream in November 1988. " Stakker Humanoid ", produced by Brian Dougans (later of Future Sound of London ),
5390-433: The user anxious, stressed and panicked, or even hallucinate. Withdrawal is also a risk with many club drugs. Drug cravings as the chemical leaves the user's body can be complicated by sleep deprivation, dehydration and hypoglycaemia to result in debilitating 'come downs' which can result in depression-like symptoms. In the worst instance, club drugs result in the death of the user from cardiac arrest or water intoxication due to
5467-438: The user drives, injury or death due to impaired driving accidents. Some club drugs, such as cocaine and amphetamines, are addictive, and regular use can lead to the user craving more of the drug. Some club drugs are more associated with overdoses. Some club drugs can cause adverse health effects which can be harmful to the user, such as the dehydration associated with MDMA use in an all-night dance club setting. MDMA (ecstasy)
5544-506: The user the type of "high" or psychedelic experience she or he is seeking. While it was earlier stated that marijuana is most often uncut and un-spiked, some dealers add PCP to marijuana (this is nicknamed "wet marijuana"), because adding this dissociative hallucinogen to low-grade, low-THC marijuana can convert it into a cannabis that creates striking hallucinogenic effects. Drug researchers learned that some dealers were spiking marijuana when they tested US teens who stated that they had only used
5621-451: Was Phuture or Sherman who chose the title; Phuture's DJ Pierre says the group did because the song was already known by that title, but DJ Pierre says he chose the title because the song reminded him of acid rock . Regardless, after the release of Phuture's song, the term acid house came into common parlance. Some accounts say the reference to "acid" may be a celebratory reference to psychedelic drugs in general, such as LSD , as well as
5698-529: Was a hit not just at influential clubs like The Haçienda in Manchester or Shoom in London, but was championed by mainstream stalwarts such as BBC Radio DJ Bruno Brookes and record producer, Pete Waterman . It went on to reach number 17 in the UK in November 1988, leading to Dougans' appearance on Top of the Pops on December 1, 1988. Club drug Club drugs , also called rave drugs or party drugs , are
5775-522: Was generally advertised as a techno night) in Miles Platting was at the epicenter of the scene and gave rise to acts like A Guy Called Gerald , 808 State , Jam MC's, Steve Williams and Jay Wearden. A Greater Manchester-based producer called Peter Ford teamed up with Richard Salt and recorded a record called "Oochy Koochy", regarded as the first British acid house track. Released by dance indie Rhythm King Records as "Oochy Koochy (FU Baby Yeah Yeah)" under
5852-547: Was initially a commercial failure in India and eventually forgotten. Following its rediscovery and eventual re-release in early 2010 some music journalists compared the music to that of acid house music, even suggesting it might be the first example of the style. The first acid house records were produced in Chicago, Illinois . Phuture , a group founded by Nathan " DJ Pierre " Jones, Earl "Spanky" Smith Jr., and Herbert "Herb J" Jackson,
5929-550: Was one of the first clubs to introduce acid house to the clubbing public of the UK . It was opened by Danny Rampling and his wife, Jenny. The club was extremely exclusive and featured thick fog, a dreamy atmosphere and acid house. This period began what some call the Second Summer of Love , a movement credited with a reduction in football hooliganism : instead of fights, football fans were listening to music, taking ecstasy , and joining
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