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27-703: LyondellBasell was formed in December 2007 by the acquisition of Lyondell Chemical Company by Basell Polyolefins for $ 12.7 billion. As of 2016, Lyondell was the third largest independent chemical manufacturer in the United States . Since its establishment in 1985 from facilities belonging to the Atlantic Richfield Company ( ARCO ), the company grew through stock swaps with Occidental Chemicals and Millennium Chemicals in 1997, which formed Equistar Chemicals of which each entity were partners. Lyondell purchased

54-412: A formula of (CH 3 ) 3 COH (sometimes represented as t -BuOH). Its isomers are 1-butanol , isobutanol , and butan-2-ol . tert -Butyl alcohol is a colorless solid, which melts near room temperature and has a camphor -like odor. It is miscible with water , ethanol and diethyl ether . tert -Butyl alcohol has been identified in beer and chickpeas . It is also found in cassava , which

81-634: A $ 2.25 billion deal. That same month, it broke ground on the world's largest propylene oxide and tertiary butyl alcohol plant in Channelview, Texas. The plant is estimated to produce 1 billion pounds of propylene oxide and 2.2 billion pounds of tertiary butyl alcohol annually. LyondellBasell will export the majority of its products via the Houston Ship Channel. LyondellBasell also announced in September that it and its joint partner, Covestro , kicked-off

108-601: A La Porte plant in May 2017. The company completed an expansion of its Corpus Christi ethylene plant in January 2017. The plant's capacity was increased by 50 percent to produce 2.5 billion pounds annually. That same year, Hurricane Harvey hit the United States and affected the company's Texas Gulf Coast operations. The Houston Ship Channel was temporarily closed, which prevented crude tankers from reaching refineries. The La Porte facility

135-666: A large investment project in Maasvlakte-Rotterdam, the Netherlands. The Circular Steam Project incorporates an innovative technology into the existing production plant, to convert its water-based waste into energy and is an important contribution to the Dutch government's CO 2 reduction targets. In December 2023, LyondellBasell sold its ethylene oxide and derivatives business to INEOS for $ 700 million. In April of 2022, LyondellBasell announced plans to shutter its Houston refinery by

162-493: A tertiary alcohol, has no hydrogen atom next to hydroxy-group, which makes it resistant to oxidation to carbonyl compounds. tert -Butyl alcohol is deprotonated with a strong base to give the alkoxide . Particularly common is potassium tert -butoxide , which is prepared by treating tert -butanol with potassium metal. The tert -butoxide is a strong, non- nucleophilic base in organic chemistry. It readily abstracts acidic protons from substrates, but its steric bulk inhibits

189-566: Is headquartered in Houston and Rotterdam . LyondellBasell's United States operations filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in January 2009, and emerged from bankruptcy in April 2010. Its former parent company, LyondellBasell Industries AF S.C.A. was replaced by LyondellBasell Industries N.V. It was listed on the New York Stock Exchange on October 14, 2010. In 2012, 1 Houston Center ,

216-463: Is used as a fermentation ingredient in certain alcoholic beverages . tert -Butyl alcohol is derived commercially from isobutane as a coproduct of propylene oxide production. It can also be produced by the catalytic hydration of isobutylene , or by a Grignard reaction between acetone and methylmagnesium chloride . Purification cannot be performed by simple distillation due to formation of an azeotrope with water, although initial drying of

243-593: The American Heart Association recognized LyondellBasell's Cincinnati Technology Center with the Fit-Friendly Worksite Platinum Award. The Fit-Friendly program emphasizes employee health and company culture surrounding physical health. LyondellBasell was named #2 on the list of Top 25 Foreign-owned Chemical Producers by Chemical & Engineering News in both 2015 and 2016. In 2016, Houston Business Journal recognized LyondellBasell as

270-476: The Berre refinery, located in Berre l’Etang, France from Shell. This Dutch corporation or company article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This chemical corporation -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Tert-Butyl alcohol n -Butanol Isobutanol Nonafluoro-tert-butyl alcohol tert -Butyl alcohol is the simplest tertiary alcohol , with

297-609: The acquisition. During July 2018, LyondellBasell announced a partnership with Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) in Germany to advance chemical recycling of plastic materials and assist the global efforts towards the circular economy and plastic waste recycling needs. The focus of the venture is to develop a new catalyst and process technology to decompose post-consumer plastic waste, such as packaging, into monomers for reuse in polymerization processes. In August 2018, LyondellBasell finalized their acquisition of A. Schulman Inc. in

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324-586: The building housing LyondellBasell's Houston headquarters since 1986, was renamed LyondellBasell Tower. In 2014, LyondellBasell announced that it was installing two large cracking furnaces at its Channelview plant, and the following year the company announced it would double production capacity at the Bayport Underwood plant. LyondellBasell acquired the compounding assets of Zylog Plastalloys, an India-based company, in November 2015. The acquisition made LyondellBasell

351-456: The end of 2023, following two failed attempts to sell it. These plans were later pushed back to Q1 2025 due to a period of strong refining margins. LyondellBasell holds an annual Global Care Day. Company employees volunteer for community service projects in 20 countries. The American Chemistry Council recognized LyondellBasell with its Responsible Care Company of the Year award in 2014. In 2015,

378-403: The facility Houston Refining . Chemical maker Basell Polyolefins purchased Lyondell in December 2007, creating the new company LyondellBasell Industries AF S.C.A., one of the largest chemical companies in the world at that time. It was owned by Access Industries , a privately held, U.S.-based industrial group. LyondellBasell is the third largest independent chemical manufacturer in the world and

405-668: The greatest positive impact on their companies and the chemical industry published in ICIS Chemical Business magazine. LyondellBasell's, among other petrochemical facilities at Berre-L'Étang , France, are regularly criticized in the French media and by local authorities for their large-scale flaring activities generating, among other nuisances, giant smoke plumes with lengths reaching dozens of miles. The concomitant atmospheric pollution includes organic chemical compounds such as carcinogenic benzene , butadiene and toluene . Not only

432-493: The group from participating in nucleophilic substitution , such as in a Williamson ether synthesis or an S N 2 reaction. tert -Butyl alcohol reacts with hydrogen chloride to form tert -butyl chloride . O-Chlorination of tert-butyl alcohol with hypochlorous acid to give tert-butyl hypochlorite : There is limited data on the pharmacology and toxicology of tert-butanol in humans and other animals. Human exposure may occur due to fuel oxygenate metabolism. Tert-butanol

459-583: The nearby cities of Vitrolles , Rognac and Marignane suffer from this pollution, but it is also held responsible for the deterioration of the air quality in the city center of Marseille , at an approximate distance of 20 km from LyondellBasell's facility. Similar concerns were raised about flaring activities on other LyondellBasell sites, e.g. the Corpus Christi facility and the Lake Charles facility. Basell Polyolefins Basell Polyolefins

486-508: The outstanding shares from each of its partners to gain total control of Equistar which is a wholly owned subsidiary of Lyondell. Lyondell bought ARCO Chemical in 1998 for $ 5.6 billion including ARCO 's entire 82.2% ownership stake. In 2004, Lyondell purchased Millennium Chemicals in a stock-swap deal valued at $ 2.3 billion. In August 2006, Lyondell acquired Citgo's interest in the Lyondell-Citgo Refinery for $ 2.1 billion, and renamed

513-520: The privately owned US company Lyondell Chemical Company to form LyondellBasell , paying far above the market rate for the shares. The main winner was Access, who also held significant shares in Lyondell and was able to realise a massive profit by forcing Basell to overpay. This drove the new company rapidly to file for chapter 11 in the US in January 2009, from which it emerged in May 2010. LyondellBasell purchases

540-541: The solvent containing large amounts of water is performed by adding benzene to form a tertiary azeotrope and distilling off the water. Smaller amounts of water are removed by drying with calcium oxide (CaO), potassium carbonate (K 2 CO 3 ), calcium sulfate (CaSO 4 ), or magnesium sulfate (MgSO 4 ), followed by fractional distillation. Anhydrous tert -butyl alcohol is obtained by further refluxing and distilling from magnesium activated with iodine, or alkali metals such as sodium or potassium. Other methods include

567-559: The third largest Houston-based public company. In 2018, LyondellBasell was named to Fortune Magazine's list of the World's Most Admired Companies. Additionally, Bob Patel received the 2018 ICIS Kavaler Award in September. The winner of the ICIS Kavaler Award is selected by his/her peers — the senior executives of the ICIS Top 40 Power Players listing, a global ranking of the leaders making

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594-702: The third largest poly (propylene) materials producer in India. In June 2016, LyondellBasell announced a factory in Northern China. It was the third facility for LyondellBasell to open in China, following Guangzhou and Suzhou . In September 2016, LyondellBasell announced that it would build a $ 700 million polyethylene plant at the La Porte manufacturing complex on the Houston Ship Channel that would produce 1.1 billion pounds of polyethylene annually. The company started construction on

621-614: The use of 4  Å molecular sieves , aluminium tert -butylate , calcium hydride (CaH 2 ), or fractional crystallization under inert atmosphere. tert -Butyl alcohol is used as a solvent, ethanol denaturant , paint remover ingredient, and gasoline octane booster and oxygenate . It is a chemical intermediate used to produce methyl tert -butyl ether (MTBE) and ethyl tert -butyl ether (ETBE) by reaction with methanol and ethanol , respectively, and tert -butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) by reaction with hydrogen peroxide . Unlike other isomers of butanol, tert -butyl alcohol, as

648-401: The work of Nobel Prize-winning scientists Karl Ziegler and Giulio Natta , these Basell predecessor companies were among the leaders of the polyolefin revolution that began in the late 1930s and 1950s. This transformation is still driving the petrochemicals industry today. In 2007, driven on by its then owners Access Industries and against the advice of Basell senior management, Basell acquired

675-465: The world's largest producer of polyethylene , and a global leader in the development and licensing of polypropylene and polyethylene processes, and a leader in catalysts. Basell's heritage comes from many companies, including BASF , Hercules, Himont, Hoechst , ICI , Montecatini , Montedison and Royal Dutch Shell . However Basell, and then later LyondellBasell , had its origin in a joint venture between BASF and Royal Dutch Shell . Spurred on by

702-516: Was a joint venture between BASF and Royal Dutch Shell . Leonard Blavatnik 's Access Industries acquired it from the venturers for $ 5.7 billion in August 2005. In 2007, Basell merged with the privately owned US company Lyondell Chemical Company to form LyondellBasell , which went bankrupt in the US in January 2009, and emerged from bankruptcy in April 2010. Basell was the world's largest producer of polypropylene and advanced polyolefins products,

729-447: Was damaged but came back online in late October. In December 2017, LyondellBasell partnered with Suez , a French water and waste management company, in the first joint venture between a major plastics and chemicals company and a resource management company. LyondellBasell and Odebrecht entered into exclusive talks for LYB to acquire control of Braskem in June 2018, but did not consummate

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