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101-648: DuPont Manual High School is a public magnet high school located in the Old Louisville neighborhood of Louisville, Kentucky , United States. It serves students in grades 9 – 12 . It is a part of the Jefferson County Public School District . DuPont Manual is recognized by the United States Department of Education as a Blue Ribbon School . Manual, funded by Mr. A.V duPont, opened in 1892 as an all-male manual training school. It

202-456: A pep rally , school assembly, or public ceremony one or more days before the football game. Other schools crown their royalty at the homecoming football game, a dance, or other school events. Often, the previous year's king and queen are invited back to crown their successors. If they are absent for whatever reason, someone else—usually, another previous king or queen, a popular teacher, or a royal representative—will perform those duties. Usually,

303-532: A 40-foot-tall (12 m) pile of logs that had been assembled for a bonfire collapsed. However, this incident was not associated with homecoming—A&M is one of the few schools that do not organize a homecoming, although it has many unique traditions . The bonfire was associated with the annual rivalry game between A&M and the University of Texas . The alumni band consists of former college and university band members who return for homecoming to perform with

404-478: A Blue Ribbon School, the highest honor the department can bestow on a school. The school earned a Blue Ribbon award again in 2020. Many interior shots of the 1999 film The Insider were filmed at Manual. Dr. Jeffrey Wigand , the subject of the film, taught science and Japanese at Manual after he was fired by tobacco company Brown & Williamson in 1993. Manual classrooms and offices are located in three buildings spread over two city blocks. The main building

505-569: A Homecoming Event on the third Saturday of September. Some universities in Canada are also known to host Homecomings, although these are rarely as high profile as in the United States. They generally take place in September. Universities such as The University of Guelph , Western University , Concordia University , Queen's University , and The University of British Columbia have hosted homecomings in

606-455: A Manual graduate who was on the 1993 and 1994 teams, was the 1994 Teen Champion on Jeopardy! . Three other Manual students have competed on Jeopardy! . Manual's academic teams have also won both National Science Bowl and National Academic League championships, and achieved 7th place at the NAQT 's High School National Championships. Manual has a history of one of the top policy debate programs in

707-589: A School, Multicultural Schools, Continuation Schools, Learning Centers, Fundamental Schools, and Magnet Schools. "These schools were characterized by parent, student, and teacher choice, autonomy in learning and pace, non-competitive evaluation, and a child centered approach." Magnet schools have been the most successful of the ideas that originated from the Open Schools movement. It was expounded in 1971 by educator Nolan Estes, superintendent of Dallas Independent School District . The Magnet Schools Assistance Program

808-403: A barbecue supper, and decorated the town buildings. Members of the senior class waited tables. The backings court is a representative group of students that, in a coeducational institution, consists of a king and queen, and possibly prince(s) and princess(es). In a single-sex institution, the homecoming court will usually consist of only a king and a prince (for an all-male school) or a queen and

909-430: A costume shop and an 886-seat proscenium -style theater. The YPAS building did not contain extensive classroom space, however, and for many years teachers conducted YPAS classes in hallways and on loading docks if other space wasn't available. Since 1993, YPAS has used an adjacent facility, built in 1899 and formerly home to Cochran Elementary, as an annex. Manual focused on industrial training early in its history, but by

1010-427: A decline in discipline and test scores in the 1970s. In 1984, Manual became a magnet school , allowing students from throughout the district to apply to five specialized programs of study, or magnets. Manual and Male High School have the oldest football rivalry in the state, dating back to 1893. Manual's football team has won five state titles and claims two national championships. In the 1980s and 1990s Manual became

1111-500: A diverse learning environment. Within a few years, in locations such as Richmond, Virginia , additional magnet school programs for children with special talents were developed at facilities in locations that parents would have otherwise found undesirable. That effort to both attract voluntary enrollment and achieve the desired racial balance met with considerable success and helped improve the acceptance of farther distances, hardships with transportation for extracurricular activities, and

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1212-409: A formal or informal event, either at the school or an off-campus location. The venue is decorated, and either a disc jockey or band is hired to play music. In many ways, it is a fall prom . Homecoming dances could be informal as well just like standard school dances. At high schools, the homecoming dances are sometimes held in the high school gymnasium or outside in a large field. Homecoming dance attire

1313-515: A half-block from Manual's main building, which includes classrooms, production facilities, a costume shop and an 886-seat proscenium -style theater. Since 1993, YPAS has used an adjacent facility, built in 1899 and formerly home to Cochran Elementary, as an annex. YPAS is one of Manual's magnet programs and YPAS students take their academic classes at Manual and must complete the same academic requirements as any public school student in Kentucky. Unlike

1414-471: A home for two of the university's women's athletic teams. In the 1980s, the U of L women's basketball team used Manual's gym as a part-time home, playing a total of 40 games in eight seasons there. The U of L volleyball team used the Manual gym as its primary home from 1977 through 1990, after which the team moved into the newly built Cardinal Arena on its own campus. In 1992, Manual began a $ 3.5 million renovation of

1515-577: A large football game is the model that has gone on to take hold at colleges and high schools across the United States. At least two colleges claim homecoming intercollegiate football games before the University of Missouri 1911 football game homecoming event: Baylor University , in Waco , Texas and the University of Illinois in Urbana, Illinois. Baylor's homecoming history dates back to November 1909 and included

1616-464: A location at Fifth and Hill Streets. It changed its name to Louisville Girls High School in 1911. In 1934, the school moved into Reuben Post Halleck Hall, which had just been completed. The building was initially home to the Girls High School on the second and third floors, and Louisville Junior High School on the first. Over 12,000 women graduated from the school in its 94 years of operation. By

1717-445: A lottery among applicants. Most magnet schools concentrate on a particular discipline or area of study, while others (such as International Baccalaureate schools) have a more general focus. Magnet programs may focus on academics ( mathematics , natural sciences , and engineering ; humanities ; social sciences ; fine or performing arts ) or may focus on technical/vocational/agricultural education . Access to free transportation

1818-419: A mixed reaction, especially as most freshmen and sophomores were to be transferred to other schools. One critic in the black community called the plan "one-way busing". A few days after the proposal was announced, about 300 students walked out of class at Manual and marched to Central High School , where most of them were being transferred, in protest. The protest succeeded in persuading the school board to modify

1919-422: A parade, reunion parties, and an afternoon football game (the final game of the 1909 season), a tradition that continued and celebrated its 100th anniversary in 2009. There was a gap between 1910 and 1915 when there was no homecoming event; however there has been continuity since 1915. In 1910, University of Illinois held a weeklong homecoming celebration which concluded with an intercollegiate football game. With

2020-462: A plan to merge Manual and its rival Male High School into Louisville Boys High so that the two schools could share a new $ 300,000 facility. The plan took effect in 1915. Industrial training classes continued at the old Manual building. Parents objected to their children having to travel between the two buildings and the consolidation did not save the school board any money, so they voted to end the experiment in 1919. The new building became Male's home for

2121-471: A princess (for an all-female school), although some schools may choose to join with single-sex schools of the other sex to elect the homecoming court jointly. Generally, the king and queen are students completing their final years of study at their school (also called "seniors"), while the prince and princess are underclassmen often with a prince/princess for each grade. Recently, some high schools have chosen to add categories, such as Duke and Duchess, to extend

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2222-486: A prominent academic school and has been included several times in lists of America's top high schools in Redbook and Newsweek magazines. The high school has been recognized as a Perennial Top Academic School in Kentucky and holds the most national merit semi-finalists among all JCPS High Schools. In 1892, Louisville factory owner Alfred Victor du Pont donated $ 150,000 to the board of Louisville Public Schools to establish

2323-405: A running track and various athletic fields. The project doubled Manual's campus to its modern size of 17 acres (69,000 m). This was a part of a larger city-funded effort which created Noe Middle School north of Manual and increased the size of the University of Louisville campus, which was originally touted as a plan to create a continuous chain of schools over many blocks. Manual even became

2424-539: A traditional college preparatory curriculum with electives. The Math/Science/Technology (MST) magnet specifically prepares students for college programs in engineering, science and math. Minimal requirements for MST students include courses in algebra , trigonometry , calculus (including mandatory AP Calculus ), biology , chemistry and computer programming . The Journalism & Communication (J&C) magnet focuses on journalism, publishing, and media production. To earn class credit, J&C students can participate in

2525-521: A training school to teach young men industrial arts ("manual") skills that would fit them for their duties in life. The Victorian building was built on the corner of Brook and Oak Streets by the firm of Clark and Loomis, which also designed the Speed Art Museum and Waverly Hills Sanatorium . After Manual moved out of the building it was used as a Middle School until 1974 when it was converted to apartments. Manual's first principal, Henry Kleinschmid,

2626-542: Is a key component in facilitating racial diversity in magnet schools. According to a survey distributed at the Magnet Schools of America's (MSA) 2008 annual meeting, in magnet schools with free transportation services, non-white students comprise almost 33% of the student body, which is higher than the 23% found in magnet schools without such services. Moreover, 11.9% of magnet schools that do not provide transportation are largely one-race, while only 6.4% of magnet schools with

2727-569: Is also considered. The acceptance rate to each magnet varies with the number of applicants in any given year; in the mid-1990s about a third of applicants to these three magnets were selected each year. Admission the other two magnets, Visual Arts and the Youth Performing Arts School, are decided based primarily on auditions. The Visual Arts magnet is located in a wing of art classrooms and features an art show each year for graduating seniors. The Visual Arts magnet provides students with

2828-510: Is less formal than prom. Females generally wear knee-length dresses with their hair down, and males generally wear a tucked-in dress shirt with pants. At prom, females generally wear a more formal gown that goes to the ground with hair up, and males wear suits and tuxedos. Since most colleges are too large to facilitate a campus-wide dance, these events are usually handled instead by student organizations such as fraternities, sororities, and residential colleges. Because football and alumni events are

2929-460: Is often part of a series of activities scheduled for that specific day, which can also include a pep rally, bonfire , snake dance , and other activities for students and alumni. At most major colleges and universities, the football game and preceding tailgate party are the most widely recognized and heavily attended events of the week. Alumni gather from all around the world to return to their alma mater, reconnect with one another, and take part in

3030-411: Is omitted. At schools without athletic programs, the centerpiece event is usually a banquet, where alumni are recognized. This format is also used for alumni events of high schools that have either closed or consolidated with other high schools; the high school classes continue to meet and celebrate their years at their now-defunct alma mater . In other cases, alumni of closed schools will participate in

3131-645: Is the fully competitive admissions magnet school. These schools use competitive admissions, usually rely on a standardized assessment score, and are structured to serve and support populations that are 100% gifted and/or talented students. Schools in this group generally rank among the top 100 public high schools in the United States. Examples of this type of school and program include the Maine School of Science and Mathematics , Thomas Jefferson High School for Science and Technology in Virginia, The School Without Walls in

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3232-523: The University of Louisville , which is located directly south of Manual. In 2000, Manual implemented block scheduling, which allowed students to take eight classes per year, which are scheduled four per day on alternating days. Since 2000, Manual has held Kentucky's state record of 52 National Merit Semifinalists , ranking third in the United States for that year. Manual's academic team won state titles at Governor's Cup, Kentucky's top high school academic competition, in 1993, 1994, 2005, and 2013. Matt Morris,

3333-429: The busing of children far from their homes, and building closer schools to achieve the required balance. Later, voluntary school integration plans were developed. One approach that educators within the public school system came up with was open schools. During the Open Schools movement of the 1970s, several ideas designed to influence public education were put into practice, including Schools without Walls, Schools within

3434-409: The white flight that had afflicted the school district since the 1960s. The district's annual budget more than tripled in the process. The expenditure per pupil and the student-teacher ratio were the best of any major school district in the nation. Many high schools were given college-level facilities. Still, test scores in the magnet schools did not rise; the black-white gap did not diminish; and there

3535-491: The 1920s, beating Male two years in a row for the first time in its history. Manual shared athletic facilities with Male for many years, but in the early 1920s alumni raised funds to construct Manual Stadium. The stadium opened in 1924 with 14,021 permanent seats. It was one of the largest high school stadiums in America at the time. The original structure was condemned and closed in 1952 after years of heavy use and minimal upkeep, and

3636-519: The 1940s, budget concerns and national trends made it clear that Louisville Girls High School and duPont Manual would merge into one coeducational school. They finally did so in September 1950 and remained in the old Louisville Girls High School building. This fusion of institutions resulted in the birth of the modern duPont Manual High School – dropping 'Training' from its previous name. The same school building remains in use today, although two major additions have since been made. The middle school located on

3737-399: The 1971–72 school year, necessitating 17 portable classrooms in the front and rear courtyards. Manual still had grades seven through twelve at this time, and overcrowding gradually began to improve after Manual dropped the seventh and eight grades when Noe Middle School opened in 1974. Throughout the decade the administration gradually dropped the last vestiges of its manual training emphasis as

3838-622: The District of Columbia, and nine schools that all use competitive admissions and are overseen by the New York City Department of Education (which still uses the older term " specialized school " instead of "magnet school" to refer to them ). Another type of "magnet school" or "magnet program" emerged in the United States in the 1970s as one means of remedying racial segregation in public schools, and they were written into law in Section 5301 of

3939-535: The Elementary and Secondary Education Authorization. Demographic trends following the 1954 Brown v. Board of Education US Supreme Court decision revealed a pattern later characterized as white flight , the hypersegregation of blacks and whites, as the latter moved to the suburbs . The first charter school, McCarver Elementary School, opened in Tacoma, Washington , in 1968. This second type of magnet can often take

4040-535: The Large Varsity Division, and in 2003 and 2006 they won the Medium Varsity Division title. Varsity boys' soccer was second at states in 2005 and third in 2004. In 2006, the Manual girls' cross country team won the school's first team title after placing second in 2004 and 2005. The 2006 win was the first championship for a Jefferson County, Kentucky Class AAA Public School since 1980. In 2007,

4141-539: The Manual boys' cross country team also won a Class AAA state championship. The swim team maintained state titles from 2003 to 2008. From 2004 through 2008, Manual won the Combined Girls' and Boys' State Championship, and the girls maintained their own state championship from 2005 through 2008. The boys' tennis team achieved their best finish at the KHSAA State Tennis Tournament in 2008 by winning

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4242-622: The United Kingdom . Most of these are academically selective. Other schools are built around elite-sporting programs or teach agricultural skills such as farming or animal husbandry. In 1965, then Vice President Hubert Humphrey came to John Bartram High School in Southwest Philadelphia to declare it the first magnet school in the country. Bartram's curriculum was concentrated in the commercial field, offering commercial and business training to students from all over Philadelphia. In

4343-423: The United States as economically advantaged families moved towards Louisville's suburbs. Manual was exempt from court-ordered busing in the 1970s because its racial makeup already met federal guidelines. On November 11, 1976, what school board members referred to as a race-related riot occurred on campus, injuring 16 and leading to six arrests and 60 suspensions. Students and school administrators agreed that there

4444-408: The United States, but do take place in some areas. In Newfoundland and Labrador , communities have a " Come Home Year " where people who have moved away from their town come back from across Canada. In 2000, there was a provincial "Come Home Year", where many people came back to visit their various communities. Homecomings are rare in Canada, and typically only take place in high schools situated in

4545-411: The United States, the term "magnet school" refers to public schools with enrichment programs that are designed to attract and serve certain targeted subgroups of potential students and their families. There are two major categories of public magnet school structures in the United States, and although there is some overlap, their origins and missions remain largely distinct. The first type of magnet school

4646-498: The all-male Mitre Club, persisted into the 1950s as unofficial organizations but gradually faded away. Students began publishing a newspaper, The Crimson Record , in 1955. Following the Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court decision, Manual became racially integrated without controversy in 1956 and graduated its first two black students in 1958. Starting in the 1960s, Manual began to face problems associated with inner city schools in

4747-543: The application text itself. Homecoming Homecoming is the tradition of welcoming back alumni or other former members of an organization to celebrate the organization's existence. It is a tradition in many high schools , colleges, and churches in the United States and Canada . Homecoming is an annual tradition in the United States. People, towns, high schools and colleges come together, usually in late September or early October, to welcome back former members of

4848-412: The building's first floor became Manly Junior High and moved to Manual's old building at Brook and Oak. The merged school began developing traditions such as Homecoming in 1951, and Red and White Day in 1953. Red and White Day eventually became a full week of school spirit related activities preceding the annual Male-Manual football game. Two traditions of the sexually segregated past, sororities and

4949-444: The community. It is built around a central event, such as a banquet or dance and, most often, a game of American football , or on occasions, basketball , ice hockey or soccer . When celebrated by schools, the activities vary widely. However, they usually consist of a football game played on a school's home football field, activities for students and alumni, a parade featuring the school's choir, marching band and sports teams, and

5050-633: The consolidated school's homecoming, where special recognition is often given for alumni of the once-separate schools. In some parts of the United States, high school basketball has gained a homecoming celebration of its own. Often referred to as "winter homecoming", "hoopcoming", "coronation", "snowcoming", "Colors Day", or "court warming" (the latter is especially prominent in parts of Missouri), it usually includes rallies, dress-up days, special dinners, king and queen coronations, and other winter-friendly activities typically associated with football homecoming. Canadian homecoming weekends are less common than in

5151-428: The coronation of a homecoming queen (and at many schools, a homecoming king). A dance commonly follows the game or takes place the day after the game. When attached to a football game, homecoming traditionally occurs on the team's return from the longest road trip of the season or the first home game of a season that falls after an away game. The game itself, whether it be football or another sport, will typically feature

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5252-471: The creation of the school's national award-winning publications and productions: yearbook ( The Crimson ), a city-wide youth newsmagazine ( On the Record ), literary magazine ( One Blue Wall ), a school news website ( RedEye ) and a daily morning television show called CSPN-TV, which is streamed online and broadcast to classrooms. The J&C program was formerly known as CMA (Communications and Media Arts), but

5353-399: The current marching band (usually made up of recent graduates to members who graduated years or decades before) either during halftime as a full band or a featured section, e.g. the trumpet section or the tubas and drumline squads, as well as performing with the current band during the post-game concert. The homecoming dance—usually the culminating event of the week (for high schools)—is

5454-966: The distinction of being the high school that sent the most students to the INTEL International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF). In 2022, duPont Manual was ranked #47 in the National Rankings, #1 in Kentucky High Schools, #1 in Louisville, KY Metro Area High Schools, and #1 in Jefferson County Public Schools High Schools. The Youth Performing Arts School (YPAS) is one of only two programs in Kentucky allowing high school students to major in performing arts . Between 1995 and 2005, 90% of YPAS students received college scholarships totaling an average of over one million dollars per year. YPAS has its own building

5555-853: The district for their backgrounds in the arts. The YPAS choir was the only chorus to perform at the January 2001 inauguration of President George W. Bush . John Reccius , an early Major League Baseball player, organized Manual's first baseball team in 1900. An early baseball star was Ferdie Schupp , who would go on to pitch in the 1917 World Series , but left Manual two months before graduating. Manual claims seven "mythical" state baseball championships and has won six official ones, most recently in 1962. A total of ten Manual players have played in Major League Baseball, most notably Pee Wee Reese . The varsity cheerleaders have won several NCA National Championship titles. In 1997, 1998, 2004, and 2005, they won

5656-500: The district, while others are set up by state governments and may draw from multiple districts . Other magnet programs are within comprehensive schools , as is the case with several "schools within a school". In large urban areas, several magnet schools with different specializations may be combined into a single "center," such as Skyline High School in Dallas . Other countries have similar types of schools, such as specialist schools in

5757-545: The east of the country. Newmarket High School , London South Collegiate Institute , Banting Memorial High School , Earl Haig Secondary School and St. Michael's College School are examples of schools in Ontario known to arrange homecomings. Upper Canada College also has a longstanding homecoming tradition, although the event is referred to as "A-Day" (Association Day). St. Thomas More Collegiate in Burnaby, British Columbia hosts

5858-632: The exception of the 1918 influenza pandemic year, it has been annual event since then. Although it did not initially include an intercollegiate football game, Northern Illinois University has one of the longest-celebrated homecoming traditions in the country. The alumni football game played on October 10, 1903, began NIU's homecoming tradition. Although it did not include an intercollegiate football game, Southwestern held its first Homecoming on Wednesday, April 21, 1909, in San Gabriel Park. Former students raised funds, provided homes, prepared and served

5959-472: The festivities. Students, alumni, businesses, and members of the community set up tents in parking lots, fields, and streets near the stadium to cook food, play games, socialize, binge drink, and even enjoy live music in many instances. These celebrations often last straight through the game for those who do not have tickets but still come to take part in the socializing and excitement of the homecoming atmosphere. Most tents even include television or radio feeds of

6060-450: The first ever regional tournament in Manual history. The state team won the state title in 2008, making Manual the second public school to ever win the title. The boys' bowling team won the state title in 2010. The school also offers basketball , dance (called the Dazzlers), field hockey , golf , lacrosse , and volleyball , among other sports teams. The varsity field hockey team won

6161-681: The focal points of collegiate homecoming, dances often take place during a different week when schedules are more permitting, or not at all. At the high school level, students generally compete by grade level in events such as the spirit days, parade floats, and powder puff football . The competition at the collegiate level is mainly between Greek-letter organizations and, to a lesser degree, residence halls. At most larger schools, fraternities and sororities compete on parade floats, house decorations, skits, talent competitions, and service events such as blood drives or food drives. On coronation night, some schools play games between classes. Such events include

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6262-501: The football players or coach about the upcoming game. At some schools, the homecoming rally ends with a bonfire (in which old wood structures, the rival school's memorabilia and other items are burned in a controlled fire). Many colleges and high schools no longer hold bonfires because of accidents that have occurred surrounding these events in the past. The most well known accident took place in 1999, when 12 students were killed and 27 others were injured at Texas A&M University when

6363-435: The form of "a school within a school," meaning that the school may have no competitive admissions for the majority of the school population, and even the magnet program itself may not have fully competitive admissions. This is consistent with the equity-based objectives of such programs. With the magnets designed to increase equity, at first school districts tried using involuntary plans which involved court-ordered attendance,

6464-574: The game for those without tickets. Sometimes during the school week, a picnic can occur. The picnic is very similar to the tailgate party, but it occurs after school or during the school's lunch period. Throughout the week, many schools (particularly high schools) engage in special dress-up days, sometimes called "Spirit Week", where students are allowed to wear clothing suitable to the theme (e.g., 1980s day, toga day, roll out of bed day, cowboy day, nerd day, pirate day, meme day, Rat Pack Day, flannel Friday, What-not-to-wear Wednesday) leading to

6565-452: The home team playing a considerably weaker opponent. The game is supposed to be an "easy win" and thus weaker schools will sometimes play lower division schools. The tradition of homecoming has its origin in alumni football games held at colleges and universities since the 19th century. Many schools including Baylor , Illinois , Missouri and Southwestern have claimed that they began homecoming. Trivial Pursuit and Jeopardy! give

6666-407: The homecoming. Students traditionally wear clothing with their school's name, or clothing and makeup of their school's colors on Friday. Many schools hold a rally during homecoming week, often one or more nights before the game. The events vary, but may include skits, games, introduction of the homecoming court (and coronation of the king and queen if that is the school's tradition), and comments from

6767-415: The king and queen; sometimes, middle school and junior high students may partake in the high school activities. Many homecoming celebrations include a parade. Students often select the grand marshal based on a history of service and support to the school and community. The parade includes the school's marching band and different school organizations’ floats created by the classes and organizations and most of

6868-409: The late 1970s it had a standard curriculum. In 1980, Iowa Test of Basic Skills scores ranked Manual 23rd out of the 24 high schools in the county. Under principal Joe Liedtke, academics improved, especially after Manual became a magnet school in 1984 and could attract students from throughout the county. All students enroll in one of five magnet programs. The High School University (HSU) magnet offers

6969-486: The main building which included a new roof and a glass-enclosed cafeteria for juniors and seniors. The Youth Performing Arts School has its own building a half-block from Manual's main building. It was completed in 1978 at a cost of $ 1.5 million as the final stage of the same plan that expanded Manual's campus and built Noe. Noe had been built without an auditorium in anticipation of a theater-oriented school being built on site. The YPAS building includes production facilities,

7070-567: The name was changed so that the Manual program's specific emphasis on journalism would be reflected in the name, distinguishing the magnet from others in the district with similar names. Admission to the HSU, MST and J&C magnets are decided by a committee of Manual teachers based on academic performance as measured by prior school grades and the Commonwealth Accountability Testing System , although extracurricular involvement

7171-494: The next 70 years and Manual returned to its old building at Brook and Oak. In 1923 an expansion added new laboratories, a cafeteria, and the largest gym ever built in Louisville at the time. The addition eventually burned and had to be destroyed in 1991. Manual's enrollment numbers, which had hovered around 400 since the 1890s, soared from 429 in 1919 to 1,039 in 1925. The Manual Crimsons football team, which had also been consolidated with Male's from 1915 to 1918, had great success in

7272-455: The number of shop classes dwindled from 16 in 1971 to three in 1979. The Youth Performing Arts School , actually a magnet school within Manual, opened in 1978 and, along with the changing curriculum, presaged Manual's transition to an academically intensive magnet school in the 1980s. Manual became a magnet school in 1984, creating specialty programs and allowing students from around the district to apply to attend. The change initially met with

7373-420: The number of magnet schools has risen dramatically. Over 232 school districts housed magnet school programs in the early 1990s. By the end of the decade, nearly 1,400 magnet schools were operating across the country. Traditionally, these magnet schools are found in neighborhoods with large minority populations. They advertise their unique educational curricula in order to attract white students who do not live in

7474-525: The oldest college football rivalry west of the Mississippi River . The intense rivalry originally took place at neutral sites, usually in Kansas City , Missouri, until a new conference regulation was announced that required intercollegiate football games to be played on collegiate campuses. To renew excitement in the rivalry, ensure adequate attendance at the new location, and celebrate the first meeting of

7575-470: The opportunity to work with a variety of media, including clay/sculpture, fibers, printmaking, painting, drawing and graphic design. The Math/Science/Technology program and the Youth Performing Arts School have achieved national recognition on multiple occasions. In 1994, Manual began offering Advanced Placement (AP) courses. In 2001 it offered 45 AP courses, more than any other school in the state. Qualifying students may take college courses free of charge at

7676-458: The other magnets, YPAS is semi-autonomous; it has its own assistant principals, counselor, administrative staff, and parents' organization. Many Manual students take classes at YPAS, even if it is not their academic major . Students at YPAS major in vocal music , instrumental music ( band , orchestra , piano , or guitar ), dance , theater , design and production , or musical theatre . YPAS instructors are school teachers recruited from around

7777-445: The past. Unsanctioned street parties in celebration of Homecoming weekend, known colloquially as "hoco", occur every year at Queen's University, Wilfred Laurier University, McMaster University, Dalhousie University, and the University of Western Ontario. When the date of homecoming lands on reading week , an unsanctioned party known as "foco", or "fake homecoming" will occur instead. The term "homecoming" can also refer to

7878-419: The proposal to exclude sophomores from being transferred. The magnet programs succeeded in attracting applicants and by the mid-1990s only about a third of students who applied were accepted. In the midst of the transition to magnet school, Manual underwent a $ 1.9 million building improvement plan which added computer and science labs. Also in 1991, the United States Department of Education recognized Manual as

7979-483: The provision of transportation are characterized as one-race schools. Such services are integral in ensuring that potential out-of-neighborhood students have access to these schools of choice. Ultimately, the presence of free transportation contributes to more integrated magnet environments. Across the country, magnet school application forms assume that its readers are proficient in reading and writing in English, understand

8080-407: The pyramid, three-legged race , pop chug, and tug of war . While most schools schedule their homecoming activities around football, smaller schools that do not have a football team may plan the annual event at another time of the year. In these instances, basketball, ice hockey or soccer serves as the "big boy game" for students and alumni. Often in smaller towns with smaller populations, the parade

8181-481: The queen is crowned first, followed by the king. The crowning method also varies by school, however, the crown is typically preserved and passed down to each successor. Homecoming court members who are not crowned king or queen are often called escorts or royalty. They are often expected to participate in the week's activities as well. At some schools, a homecoming prince/princess, duke/duchess, etc. (often underclassmen nominated by their classmates) are crowned along with

8282-472: The racial integration aspects, such as Capital Prep Magnet School, a high school in Hartford, Connecticut . Capital Prep, a year-round school where more than 80% of its students are black and Latino, boasts a near-0% dropout rate; 100% of its 2009 senior class was sent to a four-year college. According to the school's principal, the goal is to prepare all of its students for college. Since coming into fruition,

8383-415: The representation of students to include a category in which students with special needs are elected. In high school, 17- or 18-year-old students in their final year are represented by a king or queen; in college, students who are completing their final year of study, usually between 21–23 years old. Local rules determine when the homecoming king and queen are crowned. Sometimes, the big announcement comes at

8484-492: The school being viewed as blue-collar and academically inferior to Male High School in its early days, numerous early graduates went on to become medical doctors, and students published a literary magazine called The Crimson from 1899 to 1955. In order to accommodate newly added French and Latin classes, Manual was expanded to a four-year school in 1901. In 1911, Manual became the first school in Kentucky to serve lunches to students. In 1913, Louisville Public Schools announced

8585-505: The school's curriculum, and recognize what kinds of resources are offered to students at that respective school. In diverse urban contexts especially, these assumptions privilege some families over others. Parents who seek out magnet schools tend to be Asian, educated, middle-class, and English-fluent. Thus, in order to break down the racial disparities these schools were intended to dismantle, magnet school programs have to be intentional in not only their outreach efforts, but also how they create

8686-479: The separation of siblings. Even as districts such as Richmond were released from desegregation court orders, the parental selection of magnet school programs has continued to create more racially diverse schools than would have otherwise been possible. With a wide range of magnet schools available, a suitable program could be found for more children than only the "bright" ones for whom the earliest efforts were directed. Some 21st-century magnet schools have de-emphasized

8787-449: The sports get a chance to be in the parade. Every class prepares a float which corresponds with the homecoming theme or related theme of school spirit as assigned by school administrators. In addition, the homecoming court takes part in the parade, often riding together in one or more convertibles as part of the parade. Community civic organizations and businesses, area fire departments, and alumni groups often participate as well. The parade

8888-469: The state title in 2011 for the first time in the history of the program. DuPont Manual girls' lacrosse has won many state titles and tournament trophies since 2001, when the program was developed. Alumni Faculty Magnet school There are magnet schools at the elementary , middle , and high school levels. In the United States, where education is decentralized , some magnet schools are established by school districts and draw only from

8989-654: The state. In the 1990s Manual students won the Jefferson County championships most years and qualified teams for the National Forensic League tournament and the TOC Tournament of Champions . Manual has been mentioned several times in lists of America's top high schools in Redbook and Newsweek magazines. In 2002, Manual was separated from the rest of the schools in its district and made to hold its own regional science fair . In 2015, duPont Manual had

9090-469: The surrounding area. In this way, the schools act as a "magnet" pulling out-of-neighborhood students that would otherwise go to a school in their traditional attendance zone. Some magnet schools have a competitive entrance process, requiring an entrance examination , interview , or audition . Other magnet schools either select all students who apply, or use a lottery system among students who apply, while others combine elements of competitive entrance and

9191-456: The team title. Previously, their best result had come in 2006 when they tied rival St. Xavier High School for second place. The boys' team also won the state doubles title in 2006, which was the first state title in Ram tennis history on the boys' side. The team had five consecutive runner up positions from the 2001—2002 year until the 2005—2006 year. In 2008, the Manual boys' tennis team went on to win

9292-581: The title to the University of Missouri 's 1911 football game during which alumni were encouraged to attend. It appears to be the first homecoming event which included both a parade and an intercollegiate football game; such was the response and success that it became an annual event. In 1891, the Missouri Tigers first faced off against the Kansas Jayhawks in the first installment of the Border War ,

9393-627: The two teams on the Mizzou campus in Columbia , Missouri, Mizzou Athletic Director Chester Brewer invited all alumni to "come home" for the game in 1911. Along with the football game, the celebration included a parade and spirit rally with a bonfire. The event was a success, with nearly 10,000 alumni coming home to take part in the celebration and watch the Tigers and Jayhawks play to a 3–3 tie. The Missouri annual homecoming, with its parade and spirit rally centered on

9494-569: The voluntary desegregation, districts started developing magnet schools to draw students to specialized schools all across their districts. Each magnet school would have a specialized curriculum that would draw students based on their interests. One of the goals of magnet schools is to eliminate, reduce, and prevent minority group isolation while providing the students with a stronger knowledge of academic subjects and vocational skills. Magnet schools still continue to be models for school improvement plans and provide students with opportunities to succeed in

9595-463: Was a favorite of du Pont but was unpopular with the school board, which conspired to replace him in 1895. Despite a summer of controversy and protest from the du Pont family, Manual's first two graduating classes and the four major local newspapers, the board replaced him with Harry Brownell on July 2. Manual was initially a three-year school with some general academic classes and an emphasis on mechanical and industrial training. Although graduates recall

9696-423: Was an atmosphere of racial tension brewing at Manual in the 1970s that led to the riot. In his 2005 book on the history of Manual, Mike McDaniel wrote that November 11, 1976 was "quite probably the worst day in the history of Manual." The late 1960s and 1970s were a time of major change at Manual. A new wing featuring a gym with a seating capacity of 2,566 opened in 1971. The school had as many as 3,360 students in

9797-471: Was developed in the early 1980s as a way to encourage schools to address de facto racial segregation. Funds were given to school districts that implemented voluntary desegregation plans or court orders to reduce racial isolation. From 1985 to 1999, a US district court judge required the state of Missouri to fund the creation of magnet schools in the Kansas City Public Schools to reverse

9898-436: Was less, not greater, integration. Finally, on September 20, 2011, The Missouri Board of Education voted unanimously to withdraw the district's educational accreditation status from January 1, 2012. Districts started embracing the magnet school models in the hope that their geographically open admissions would end racial segregation in "good" schools and decrease de facto segregation of schools in poorer areas. To encourage

9999-495: Was originally called Reuben Post Halleck Hall and was home to the Louisville Girls High School before it merged with Manual. The Gothic-style building was completed in 1934 at a cost of $ 1.1 million. The 9-acre (36,000 m) tract it was built on had previously been the site of the old Masonic Widows and Orphans Home. In 1967 an urban renewal program demolished a residential block east of the main building to create

10100-483: Was reopened after being rebuilt in 1954. Its modern capacity is 11,463. The Louisville Girls High School opened as Female High School in 1856 at what became the intersection of Armory Place and Muhammad Ali Boulevard. It was the female counterpart to Male High School, also opened in 1856, and they were the first two public high schools in Louisville. Female High School moved to a location on First Street north of Chestnut in 1864 and remained there until 1899 when it moved to

10201-455: Was the second public high school in Louisville. Manual merged with its rival, Male High School , into a consolidated school from 1915 to 1919. Manual permanently merged with the Louisville Girls High School in 1950 and moved into their Gothic -style three-story building, built in 1934. In 2004, after conducting a poll, Louisville's Courier-Journal newspaper listed Manual as one of Louisville residents' ten favorite buildings. Manual experienced

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