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31-515: Los Peñasquitos is also home to the historic Rancho Santa Maria de Los Peñasquitos , an adobe home built in the early 1820s. Operated by the County of San Diego, the home has been restored and tours are available for the public. More than 500 plant species, more than 175 types of birds, and a great variety of reptiles, amphibians and mammals make up the rich bio-diversity of the park. Many of these species are rare or endangered. Mammals commonly spotted in

62-528: A few occasions throughout the year and rarely drop below 41 °F (5 °C). The average yearly temperature in Del Mar is approximately 65 °F (18 °C). Del Mar regularly receives heavy marine layer clouds due to its position between two lagoons and bordered to the west by the Pacific Ocean. According to the U.S. Census Bureau , at the 2020 census the population was 3,954. The racial makeup of Del Mar

93-476: A population of 4,161. The population density was 2,341.9 people per square mile (904.2 people/km ). The racial makeup of Del Mar was 3,912 (94.0%) White , 10 (0.2%) African American , eight (0.2%) Native American , 118 (2.8%) Asian , three (0.1%) Pacific Islander , 25 (0.6%) from other races , and 85 (2.0%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 175 people (4.2%). There were 2,064 households, with 340 (16.5%) having children under

124-634: Is a historic 1823 adobe ranch home located in the Los Peñasquitos Canyon Preserve in San Diego, California . The San Diego County Parks & Recreation department offers tours on weekends. The area has archeological sites , with artifacts found showing indigenous people living here for over six thousand years. The Los Peñasquitos Canyon Preserve park also preserves habitat on the former rancho lands for more than 500 plant species , with many being rare or endemic native plants in

155-405: Is found. 32°56′0″N 117°10′2″W  /  32.93333°N 117.16722°W  / 32.93333; -117.16722 Rancho Santa Maria de Los Pe%C3%B1asquitos Rancho Santa Maria de Los Peñasquitos was a 8,486-acre (34.34 km ) Mexican land grant in present-day southwestern San Diego County, California , given in 1823 to Francisco María Ruiz . The name means "Saint Mary of

186-646: Is one of only two locations where the Torrey pine tree naturally occurs. The Torrey pine is the rarest pine in the United States; only two populations of this endangered species exist, in Del Mar and on Santa Rosa Island . The Soledad Valley at the south of Del Mar severs two colony segments. At the southern edge of Del Mar is the Los Peñasquitos Lagoon . To the north is the San Dieguito Lagoon and

217-613: Is ongoing. A tree endemic to only this area is the Torrey Pine , the rarest native pine in the United States and an endangered species surviving in a single mainland population within Torrey Pines State Natural Reserve and the adjacent coastal strip. 32°56′17″N 117°07′37″W  /  32.938°N 117.127°W  / 32.938; -117.127 Del Mar, California Del Mar ( Spanish pronunciation: [del ˈmaɾ] ; Spanish for "Of

248-805: The 77th Assembly District , represented by Democrat Tasha Boerner . In the United States House of Representatives , Del Mar is in California's 49th congressional district , represented by Democrat Mike Levin . Del Mar is served by the Del Mar Union School District , which includes eight K–8 schools. High school education is provided by the San Dieguito Union High School District . The North County Transit District operates their BREEZE bus service. The historic Del Mar station once served passengers on

279-609: The Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway Surf Line and the Amtrak San Diegan intercity service between the early 1900s until its closure in 1995, due to the opening of the new Solana Beach Transit Center two miles north. That station provides Coaster commuter rail and Amtrak's Pacific Surfliner service. This trainline is the second busiest passenger rail corridor in the United States. The railroad tracks were built adjacent to coastal bluffs some 40 feet (12 m) above

310-483: The California Coastal Commission , and residents have opposed the district's plans to install a chain-link fence that would stop pedestrians from crossing the tracks to get to the beach. The district considered this to be a safety issue as trespassers along the right-of-way have been hit by trains. This mile-and-a-half stretch (2.4 km) along the southern half of the city does not have legal access to

341-628: The Kumeyaay settlement of Awil Nyawa . Ruiz built the first ranch house on the rancho in 1824, which was later expanded upon. In 1837 Ruiz sold his ranch to Francisco María Alvarado - a grandnephew. After Ruiz died in 1839, Alvarado moved to the ranch, and lived in the adobe home built by Ruiz. Alvarado married Tomasa Pico (1801 - 1876), and they gave the property to their daughter Maria Estéfana Alvarado (1840 - 1926) when she married Captain George Alonzo Johnson (1823 - 1903) in 1859. With

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372-478: The San Dieguito River , which empties into the Pacific Ocean at Del Mar. The bluffs along Del Mar's south beach are subject to collapse. Properties on the bluffs are subject to the impacts of climate change , such as sea level rise and coastal erosion . The transportation infrastructure is under threat. The city has a climate change adaptation plan which excludes the option of a managed retreat ,

403-596: The cession of California to the United States following the Mexican-American War , the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo provided that the land grants would be honored. As required by the Land Act of 1851, a claim for Rancho Los Peñasquitos was filed with the Public Land Commission in 1852, Capt. Johnson inherited the ranch by the time the U.S. government granted a patent to the land in 1876. The rancho

434-449: The coastal sage scrub ecosystem . This locale was known to be quite wooded with riparian forests and oak woodlands as late as the 1880s, at which time California state survey recommended preservation of the locale's trees and woodland plant communities to prevent further erosion and subsequent flooding, which had already occurred from areas of prior deforestation . Additional present-day park land acquisition and plant restoration

465-492: The poverty line , including 18.6% of those under age 18 and 8.5% of those age 65 or over. The City of Del Mar is governed by a city council of five elected representatives. Each year a new mayor is chosen from among the councilmembers. Tracy Martinez is the mayor in 2023. In the California State Legislature , Del Mar is in the 38th Senate District , represented by Democrat Catherine Blakespear , and in

496-632: The Little Cliffs". It encompassed the present-day communities of Mira Mesa , Carmel Valley , and Rancho Peñasquitos in northern San Diego , and was inland from the Torrey Pines State Natural Preserve bluffs. The Rancho Santa Maria de los Peñasquitos was the first Mexican land grant in present-day San Diego County . Ruiz built an adobe home on the rancho, which was north of the Presidio and Mission San Diego de Alcalá , and nearby

527-644: The Sea") is a beach city in San Diego County, California , located on the coast of the Pacific Ocean. Established in 1885 as a seaside resort, the city incorporated in 1959. The population was 3,954 at the 2020 census , down from 4,161 at the 2010 census . The San Diego County Fair is an annual fair held at the Del Mar Fairgrounds . Horse racing is hosted at the Del Mar Racetrack every summer. Del Mar

558-474: The age of 18, and 927 (44.9%) with opposite-sex married couples living together, 114 (5.5%) had a female householder with no husband present, 57 (2.8%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 124 (6.0%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships , and 19 (0.9%) same-sex married couples or partnerships . There were 707 households (34.3%) comprising one individual, and 209 (10.1%) comprising one individual 65 years of age or older. The average household size

589-458: The beach for 1.7 miles (2.7 km). Coastal erosion eats away at the bluffs each year. The North County Transit District drove steel beams into the beach at the base of the bluffs in September 2020 to stabilize the face of the bluffs for 20 or 30 years. The city wanted to require the transit agency to cover the shotcrete wall on the bluff with natural soil and native plantings. The city council,

620-424: The beach. San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG) is conducting a $ 3 million study on relocating the rail line farther inland through the city. On August 16, 2020, the California Coastal Commission emphasized the need to move the railroad tracks inland due to the persistent coastal erosion which eats away at the bluff each year. The accelerating rate of sea level rise due to global warming adds urgency to

651-505: The beach. Due to offshore reefs and wave patterns, this section has some of the best surfing in San Diego County. In 2023, the city was out of compliance with the state Housing Element Law. They submitted a housing plan to the state that did not meet guidelines for future housing. They were working with the state to get in compliance, but until they did, they couldn't block new housing projects based on city zoning laws alone. Del Mar

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682-474: The lady of the house. Rancho Peñasquitos was 20 miles from San Diego and 16 miles from the next station at San Pasqual . Capt. Johnson sold the rancho in 1880 to Colonel Jacob Shell Taylor, founder of Del Mar . Charles F. Mohnike owned the ranch in 1910. In 1921 George Sawday and Oliver Sexon bought the ranch and stocked it with cattle. Real estate developer Irvin J. Kahn bought Rancho Peñasquitos in 1962. Rancho de Los Peñasquitos ( Little Cliffs Ranch )

713-569: The population is on the coast and nearby bluff which are vulnerable to sea level rise caused by climate change. In 2019, the city refused to develop a managed retreat strategy for moving infrastructure and population centers from the water. This decision was made against the recommendation of the California Coastal Commission . Instead the city is planning on using other climate change adaptation strategies, such as seawalls and beach nourishment . The Surf Line railroad tracks are adjacent to coastal bluffs some 40 feet (12 m) above

744-557: The preserve include mule deer, bobcats, coyotes, and rabbits. A rare mountain lion attack occurred in May 2019. The geology of the Preserve area has been described in a geology book by John Northrup in conjunction with the University of California & published by Windsor Associates. Nearby is Torrey Pines State Natural Reserve , where one of only two extant stands of the endangered Torrey Pine

775-537: The strategy was recommended by the California Coastal Commission in 2019. According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 1.8 square miles (4.7 km ), of which 1.7 square miles (4.4 km ) of it is land and 0.1 square miles (0.26 km ) of it (3.94%) is water. Del Mar's climate is considered mediterranean-subtropical with warm, dry summers and mild, humid winters. Temperatures exceed 85 °F (29 °C) only on

806-694: Was 2.02. There were 1,098 families (53.2% of all households); the average family size was 2.57. The population comprised 564 people (13.6%) under the age of 18, 205 people (4.9%) aged 18 to 24, 1,071 people (25.7%) aged 25 to 44, 1,455 people (35.0%) aged 45 to 64, and 866 people (20.8%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 48.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.1 males. There were 2,596 housing units at an average density of 1,461.1 units per square mile (564.1 units/km ), of which 1,113 (53.9%) were owner-occupied, and 951 (46.1%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate

837-522: Was 2.6%; the rental vacancy rate was 7.9%. Of the population, 2,398 people (57.6% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 1,763 people (42.4%) lived in rental housing units. The 2000 census , reported 4,389 people, 2,178 households, and 1,083 families residing in the city, with an average family size of 2.61. The age distribution was reported as 13.6% under the age of 18, 5.4% from 18 to 24, 33.1% from 25 to 44, 33.8% from 45 to 64, and 14.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age

868-424: Was 3,352 (93.1%) White (alone), 22 (0.1%) Black or African American (alone), 9 (0.002%) American Indian and Alaska Native (alone), 152 (4.2%) Asian (alone), 49 (1.2%) of any other race (alone), and 356 (9.9%) two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 274 (14.4%). The median household income of Del Mar in 2018-2022 was $ 185,335, in 2022 dollars. The 2010 United States Census reported that Del Mar had

899-408: Was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.0 males. The median income for a household in the city was $ 120,001, and the median income for a family was $ 130,270. Males had a median income of $ 81,250 versus $ 70,069 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 92,425. About 7.8% of families and 8.7% of the population were below

930-624: Was also a way station on the wagon road to Warner's Ranch from San Diego via San Pasqual and Santa Ysabel Asistencia , from the 1840s. From 1857 to 1860 the rancho was a way station on that road for the coaches of the San Antonio-San Diego Mail Line on the 125 mile route between San Diego and Carrizo Creek Station via the Warner's Ranch road, and the Southern Emigrant Trail . Passengers were given meals here, served by

961-473: Was first settled in the early 1880s by Theodore M. Loop, a railroad official, and his wife Ella. Ella gave the site its name, inspired by Bayard Taylor 's poem "The Fight of Paso del Mar". In 1885, Colonel Jacob Taylor purchased 338 acres (1.37 km ) from Enoch Talbert, with visions of building a seaside resort for the rich and famous. The United States Navy operated a Naval Auxiliary Air Facility for blimps at Del Mar during World War II . Much of

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