25-693: Lord Marshal may refer to one of the following Lord Marshal of England Earl Marischal Lord Marshal (Sweden) (Swedish: Lantmarskalk ) was in Sweden before 1866 the presiding officer for the nobles in the Riksdag of the Estates That title was also used in the Grand Duchy of Finland by the presiding officer in the Finnish House of Nobility and as their speaker in
50-697: Is considered the eighth of the Great Officers of State , with the Lord High Constable above him and only the Lord High Admiral beneath him. Nowadays, the Earl Marshal's role has mainly to do with the organisation of major state ceremonies such as coronations and state funerals. Annually, the Earl Marshal helps organise the State Opening of Parliament . The Earl Marshal also remains to have charge over
75-638: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Lord Marshal of England Earl Marshal (alternatively marschal or marischal ) is a hereditary royal officeholder and chivalric title under the sovereign of the United Kingdom used in England (then, following the Act of Union 1800 , in the United Kingdom). He is the eighth of the great officers of State in
100-611: Is the office of Lord Great Chamberlain , which is notionally higher than Earl Marshal and also hereditary. The holding of the Earl Marshalship secures the Duke of Norfolk 's traditional position as the "first peer" of the land, above all other dukes. The House of Lords Act 1999 removed the automatic right of hereditary peers to sit in the House of Lords , but the Act provided that the persons holding
125-780: Is the organisation of major ceremonial state occasions such as the monarch's coronation in Westminster Abbey and state funerals . He is also the leading officer of arms and oversees the College of Arms . He is the sole judge of the High Court of Chivalry . The current earl marshal is Edward Fitzalan-Howard, 18th Duke of Norfolk , who inherited the position in June 2002. There were formerly an Earl Marshal of Ireland and an Earl Marischal of Scotland . The office of royal marshal existed in much of Europe, involving managing horses and protecting
150-789: The Lord Lyon King of Arms and its own procurator fiscal (public prosecutor) under the Scottish legal system . The court was historically known as the Curia Militaris , the Court of the Constable and the Marshal , or the Earl Marshal's Court . The court was established some time prior to the late fourteenth century with jurisdiction over certain military matters, which came to include misuse of arms. It
175-912: The Privy Council the appeal court for cases heard by the High Court of Chivalry. From 1 February 1833, following the passage of the Judicial Committee Act 1833, appeals have been heard directly by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council . Prior to that, and in common with the admiralty and ecclesiastical courts, appeals from the Court of Chivalry were made to the Crown in Chancery, with appeals being heard by commissioners appointed by letters patent under
200-590: The College of Arms and no coat of arms may be granted without his warrant. As a symbol of his office, he carries a baton of gold with black finish at either end. In the general order of precedence , the Earl Marshal is currently the highest hereditary position in the United Kingdom outside the Royal Family . Although other state and ecclesiastical officers rank above in precedence, they are not hereditary. The exception
225-837: The Diet The chairman of the Estländische Ritterschaft in Estonia In fiction [ edit ] The leader of the Necromonger army in The Chronicles of Riddick (franchise) universe In the popular medieval literary conception, the Lord Marshal Sir Brastias was said to have served under King Arthur . See also [ edit ] Lord Marshall (disambiguation) Marshal (disambiguation) Marshal of Nobility (disambiguation) Topics referred to by
250-543: The Great Seal in each case. Sittings by these commissioners became known as the High Court of Delegates by the time of the 1832 Act. Historically the court had two hereditary judges – the Duke of Norfolk as Earl Marshal of England, and the Duke of Buckingham as Lord High Constable of England – but in 1521 Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham was convicted of treason, stripped of his titles and offices, and executed. Since then
275-581: The Howard family. In a declaration made on 16 June 1673 by Arthur Annesley, 1st Earl of Anglesey , the Lord Privy Seal , in reference to a dispute over the exercise of authority over the Officers of Arms the powers of the Earl Marshal were stated as being "to have power to order, judge, and determine all matters touching arms , ensigns of nobility , honour, and chivalry; to make laws, ordinances and statutes for
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#1733085438690300-483: The Lord High Constable, he had held a court, known as the Court of Chivalry , for the administration of justice in accordance with the law of arms , which was concerned with many subjects relating to military matters, such as ransom, booty and soldiers' wages, and including the misuse of armorial bearings . In 1672, the office of Marshal of England and the title of Earl Marshal of England were made hereditary in
325-580: The Palace theatre had been displaying the arms of the Manchester Corporation (now Manchester City Council) both inside and on its seal and this usage implied that it was linked with the city's council. The corporation had requested that the theatre stop using it, but this request had been refused. The court ruled in favour of the corporation. In 1832, the Privy Council Appeals Act 1832 made
350-453: The United Kingdom, ranking beneath the Lord High Constable of England and above the Lord High Admiral . The dukes of Norfolk have held the office since 1672. The marshal was originally responsible, along with the constable, for the monarch's horses and stables including connected military operations. As a result of the decline of chivalry and sociocultural change, the position of earl marshal has evolved and among his responsibilities today
375-458: The common law courts to the point where, after 1737, the Court ceased to be convened and was in time regarded as obsolete and no longer in existence. That understanding was authoritatively overturned, however, by a revival of the Court in 1954, when the Earl Marshal appointed the then Lord Chief Justice to sit as his surrogate. The Lord Chief Justice Lord Goddard confirmed that the Court retained both its existence and its powers, and ruled in favour of
400-455: The fourteenth century; however, it rarely sits. The sole judge is now the hereditary Earl Marshal of England, the Duke of Norfolk , though if not a professional lawyer, he normally appoints a professional lawyer as his lieutenant or surrogate . In Scotland , these types of cases are heard in the Court of the Lord Lyon , which is a standing civil and criminal court , with its own judge –
425-486: The good government of the Officers of Arms; to nominate Officers to fill vacancies in the College of Arms; [and] to punish and correct Officers of Arms for misbehaviour in the execution of their places". Additionally it was declared that no patents of arms or any ensigns of nobility should be granted, and no augmentation, alteration, or addition should be made to arms, without the consent of the Earl Marshal. The Earl Marshal
450-460: The monarch. In England, the office became hereditary under John FitzGilbert the Marshal (served c.1130–1165) after The Anarchy , and rose in prominence under his second son, William Marshal , later Earl of Pembroke . He served under several kings, acted as regent, and organised funerals and the regency during Henry III 's childhood. After passing through his daughter's husband to the Earls of Norfolk ,
475-635: The office during the minority or infirmity of the Earl Marshal. Prior to an Act of Parliament in 1824, Protestant deputies were required when the Earl Marshal was a Roman Catholic, which occurred frequently due to the Catholicism of the Norfolks. High Court of Chivalry His Majesty's High Court of Chivalry is a civil law (as opposed to common law) court in English and Welsh law with jurisdiction over matters of heraldry . The court has been in existence since
500-587: The office of Earl Marshal and, if a peer, the Lord Great Chamberlain continue for the time being to have seats so as to carry out their ceremonial functions in the House of Lords. The position of Earl Marshal had a Deputy called the Knight Marshal from the reign of Henry VIII until the office was abolished in 1846. Deputy Earls Marshal have been named at various times, discharging the responsibilities of
525-520: The post evolved into "Earl Marshal" and the title remained unchanged, even after the earldom of Norfolk became a dukedom . In the Middle Ages , the Earl Marshal and the Lord High Constable were the officers of the king's horses and stables. When chivalry declined in importance, the constable's post declined and the Earl Marshal became the head of the College of Arms , the body concerned with all matters of genealogy and heraldry . In conjunction with
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#1733085438690550-420: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Lord Marshal . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lord_Marshal&oldid=964143877 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
575-410: The suit before him. The court was last convened in 1954 for the case of Manchester Corporation v Manchester Palace of Varieties Ltd . Prior to this, the court had not sat for two centuries (since 1737), and before hearing the case, the court first had to rule whether it still existed. The proceedings opened with the reading of various letters patent in order to make clear that the Duke of Norfolk
600-508: Was indeed Hereditary Earl Marshal and that he had appointed Lord Goddard , who was the Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales , as his lieutenant in the court. It also had ruled that the Earl Marshal was allowed to sit in judgment without the Lord High Constable of England , an office which until 1521 was also held as a hereditary dignity by the Dukes of Buckingham . The case itself was that
625-565: Was instituted by Edward III, along with the Earl and other key personnel. Since it was created in the fourteenth century, the court has always sat when required, except for the short time between 1634 and its temporary abolition by the Long Parliament in 1640 when it sat on a regular basis. During this time, the court heard well over a thousand cases, of which evidence survives from 738 cases. Its jurisdiction and powers were successively reduced by
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