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58-568: Liquiçá ( Tetum : Likisá ) is a coastal city in East Timor , 32 km to the west of Dili , the national capital. Liquiçá is the capital of Liquiçá District . The city has a population of 5,005 inhabitants. A part of the colonial administration of East Timor was arrested in Maubara and Liquiçá during the Japanese occupation of East Timor from 1942 - 1945. As a consequence the two towns where spared from

116-451: A 25 June meeting, leaders of the Fretilin party agreed to keep Alkatiri as prime minister; Ramos-Horta resigned immediately following this decision. Foreign Minister of Australia Alexander Downer expressed his personal disappointment at Ramos-Horta's resignation. Following Alkatiri's resignation on 26 June, Ramos-Horta withdrew his resignation to contest the prime ministership and served in

174-444: A Portuguese suffix -dór (similar to '-er'). For example: Hau 1S rona hear asu dog hatenu barking Hau rona asu hatenu 1S hear dog barking "I hear the dog barking" Nia 3S sosa buys sigaru cigarettes Nia sosa sigaru 3S buys cigarettes "He/She buys cigarettes" Ita 1PL rona hearing rádiu? radio Ita rona rádiu? 1PL hearing radio "Are we hearing

232-456: A language: Ethnologue classifies Tetun Terik as a dialect of Tetun. However, without previous contact, Tetun Dili is not immediately mutually intelligible, mainly because of the large number of Portuguese origin words used in Tetun Dili. Besides some grammatical simplification, Tetun Dili has been greatly influenced by the vocabulary and to a small extent by the grammar of Portuguese ,

290-481: A radio?" Sira 3P moris alive Jos%C3%A9 Ramos-Horta José Manuel Ramos-Horta GCL GColIH ( Portuguese pronunciation: [ʒuˈzɛ ˈʁɐ̃muz ˈɔɾtɐ] ; born 26 December 1949) is an East Timorese politician. He has been the president of East Timor since 2022, having previously also held the position from 20 May 2007 to 20 May 2012. Previously he was Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2002 to 2006 and Prime Minister from 2006 to 2007. He

348-455: A total of $ 25 in his pocket. His financial situation was often precarious during that period. He survived partly by the grace of Americans who admired his politics and his determination. Furthermore, he was obliged to travel worldwide to explain his party's position. In 1993, the Rafto Prize was awarded to the people of East Timor. Foreign-minister-in-exile Ramos-Horta represented his nation at

406-657: A total population of 1,053,971, meaning that the share of native Tetum Prasa/Dili speakers had increased to 36.6% during the 2000s. In addition to regional varieties of Tetum in East Timor, there are variations in vocabulary and pronunciation, partly due to Portuguese and Indonesian influence. The Tetum spoken by East Timorese migrants living in Portugal and Australia are more Portuguese-influenced, as many of those speakers were not educated in Indonesian. The Tetum name for East Timor

464-400: A web site for peace and human rights, since 2000. In 2001 he gathered the post 9/11 statements of 28 Nobel Peace Prize Laureates on the web site, and has spearheaded other peace initiatives with his fellow Nobel Laureates. Ramos-Horta supported the U.S. invasion and occupation of Iraq and condemned the anti-American tone of its detractors as "hypocritical". In the 1990s he had supported

522-522: A working language, many words are derived from Malay , including: In addition, as a legacy of Indonesian rule , other words of Malay origin have entered Tetum, through Indonesian. However, Tetum speakers often use Malay/Indonesian or Portuguese numbers instead, such as delapan or oito 'eight' instead of ualu , especially for numbers over one thousand. Tetum has many hybrid words, which are combinations of indigenous and Portuguese words. These often include an indigenous Tetum verb, with

580-459: Is Timór Lorosa'e , which means 'Timor of the rising sun', or, less poetically, 'East Timor'; lorosa'e comes from loro 'sun' and sa'e 'to rise, to go up'. The noun for 'word' is liafuan , from lia 'voice' and fuan 'fruit'. Some more words in Tetum: Words derived from Portuguese: As a result of Bazaar Malay being a regional lingua franca and of Indonesian being

638-677: Is disputed by Indonesia). During the leadup to the referendum on independence, most of the buildings in the city were destroyed. Only a few buildings from the Portuguese and Indonesian times remain. Starting in 1999, it became the district headquarters for the International Police , assigned there by UNTAET , under the United Nations . It also was the home base of operations for the UNTAET Crime Scene Detachment . Most of

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696-539: Is divorced from Ana Pessoa Pinto , East Timor's Minister for State and Internal Administration, with whom he has a son, Loro Horta, who was born in exile in Mozambique . Ramos-Horta was actively involved in the development of political awareness in Portuguese Timor, which caused him to be exiled for two years in 1970–1971 to Portuguese East Africa . His grandfather, before him, had also been exiled, from Portugal to

754-568: The Azores Islands , then Cape Verde , Portuguese Guinea and finally to Portuguese Timor. A moderate in the emerging Timorese nationalist leadership, Ramos-Horta was appointed Foreign Minister in the "Democratic Republic of East Timor" government proclaimed by the pro-independence parties in November 1975. When appointed minister, Ramos-Horta was only 25 years old. Three days before the Indonesian troops invaded, Ramos-Horta left East Timor to plead

812-675: The Indonesian invasion . Of his eleven brothers and sisters, four were killed by the Indonesian military . Ramos-Horta studied public international law at The Hague Academy of International Law in 1983 and at Antioch University in Yellow Springs, Ohio , where he completed an Individualized Master of Arts degree in Peace Studies with the major area of study being Public International Law and International Relations, awarded in December 1984. He

870-860: The King of Portugal . Following the Carnation Revolution in Portugal in 1974, Indonesia invaded East Timor , declaring it "the Republic's 27th Province". The use of Portuguese was banned, and Indonesian was declared the sole official language, but the Roman Catholic Church adopted Tetum as its liturgical language, making it a focus for cultural and national identity. After the United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET) took over governance in 1999, Tetun (Dili)

928-565: The Administrator of Liquiçá was probably built before 1910 in a neoclassical style with an impressive staircase in front and a large garden with a pool behind. During the Indonesian occupation, it served as a residence of the Indonesian administrator. Opposite the building a small park was laid out with several pavilions. The Office of the Deputy Secretary of the Administrator was built in a colonial style in carved stone in 1936. The building

986-573: The Grand Imam of Al-Azhar Professor Ahmed Al-Tayeb in 2019". The first meeting of the committee was held in the Vatican with Pope Francis on 6 October, 2021. The Roman Catholic bishop Ximenes Belo of East Timor and Ramos-Horta were jointly awarded the 1996 Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts. The 2000 documentary The Diplomat , directed by Tom Zubrycki , follows Ramos-Horta in the period from 1998 to his return to East Timor in 2000. Ramos-Horta

1044-598: The Indo-Pacific region, and the world. This achievement represents another milestone in Timor-Leste’s tremendous work to build and strengthen its robust, vibrant democracy over its nearly 20-year history as an independent nation." His victory was also congratulated by the President of Portugal Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa giving "the warmest congratulations on the election as president of the Republic of Timor-Leste". Ramos-Horta

1102-478: The Indonesian occupation. Hotel Tokodede was probably built between 1930 and 1950 in a privileged area of the town where colonial officers overnighted. Its terrace still offers a beautiful view of the coconut tree-lined sandy beach of Liquiçá. The building is still used for social events. The Parish Church of Liquiçá Igreja de São João de Brito which became famous because of the Liquiçá Church Massacre

1160-623: The Myanmar Foreign Minister Nyan Win , and said that he wanted to improve relations and seek strong commercial ties with Myanmar. In 2006, Ramos-Horta pledged his support for the International Simultaneous Policy (SIMPOL) which seeks to end the usual deadlock in tackling global issues. On 5 August 2009, he attended the funeral of the former president of the Philippines Corazon Aquino . He

1218-732: The Timorese case before the UN. Ramos-Horta arrived in New York to address the UN Security Council and urge them to take action in the face of the Indonesian occupation during which an estimated 102,000 East Timorese would die. Ramos-Horta was the Permanent Representative of Fretilin to the UN for the next ten years. His friends at that time mentioned that he arrived in the United States with

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1276-599: The UN Security Council on 27 June 2000. On 12 July 2000, the NCC adopted a regulation establishing a Transitional Cabinet composed of four East Timorese and four UNTAET representatives. The revamped joint administration successfully laid the institutional foundations for independence , and on 27 September 2002, East Timor joined the United Nations. Ramos-Horta was its first Foreign Minister. On 3 June 2006, Ramos-Horta added

1334-581: The UN position at some time in the future: "I can wait five years if I am really interested in the job in 2012. I would be interested in that." In an interview with Al Jazeera broadcast on 22 February 2007, Ramos-Horta said that he would run for president in the April 2007 election . On 25 February 2007, Ramos-Horta formally announced his candidacy. He received the support of Gusmão, who was not running for re-election. In an interview with Global South Development Magazine , Ramos-Horta revealed that Mahatma Gandhi

1392-544: The air raids which devastated the rest of the island. On 6 April 1999, in the campaign of intimidation and violence that preceded the referendum for East Timorese independence, about 200 persons were killed in the Liquiçá Church Massacre , when members of the Besi Merah Putih militia, supported by Indonesian soldiers and police, attacked the parish church Igreja de São João de Brito . (The number of casualties

1450-629: The cause of Kurdish people in Iraq . In May 2009 Ramos-Horta stated that he would ask the International Criminal Court to investigate the ruling junta of Myanmar if they continue to detain fellow Nobel Laureate Aung San Suu Kyi . Ramos-Horta suggested that Suu Kyi’s inability to express her frustration with the treatment of Rohingya Muslims was due to the fact that she lacked the political power to effect change. However, by August 2010, he had softened his views on Myanmar , warmly receiving

1508-650: The executions of 14 young people for participating in the 2011–12 Saudi Arabian protests . He is also a television presenter of Horta Show in Radio-Televisão Timor Leste . In 2021 Ramos-Horta joined the judging committee for the Zayed Award for Human Fraternity, an annual award instituted "to promote human fraternity values around the world and to fulfill the aspirations of the Document on Human Fraternity, co-signed by His Holiness Pope Francis and His Eminence

1566-539: The form of democratic institutions, open markets, human rights and the rule of law. It does so by making available, discreetly and in confidence, the experience of former leaders to today's national leaders. It is a not-for-profit organization composed of former heads of government, senior governmental and international organization officials who work closely with Heads of Government on governance-related issues of concern to them. In August 2017, ten Nobel Peace Prize laureates, including Ramos-Horta, urged Saudi Arabia to stop

1624-483: The inhabitants speak Tocodede . The former Headquarters of the Administrator de Liquiçá, built in 1938 in a neoclassical style with a large porch with ten columns measuring 5 metres in height each, are one of the most impressive buildings in town. Nowadays, the building is used as an administration building of the municipality. The Primary School opposite the headquarters was built in the 1940s with four classrooms and one administration building. The former Residence of

1682-408: The names of other languages, such as Swahili/Kiswahili and Punjabi/Panjabi . According to linguist Geoffrey Hull, Tetum has four dialects: Tetun-Belu and Tetun-Terik are not spoken outside their home territories. Tetun-Prasa is the form of Tetum that is spoken throughout East Timor. Although Portuguese was the official language of Portuguese Timor until 1975, Tetun-Prasa has always been

1740-549: The other official language of East Timor. The English form Tetum is derived from Portuguese, rather than from modern Tetum. Consequently, some people regard Tetun as more appropriate. Although this coincides with the favoured Indonesian form, and the variant with m has a longer history in English, Tetun has also been used by some Portuguese-educated Timorese, such as José Ramos-Horta and Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo . Similar disagreements over nomenclature have emerged regarding

1798-668: The partnership between the United States and Timor-Leste. In a statement, they praised the election, stating; "We commend Timorese authorities, including the Technical Secretariat for Electoral Administration and the National Elections Commission, for administering a free, fair, and transparent election and the hundreds of thousands of Timorese voters who cast their ballots peacefully. Timor-Leste’s election serves as an inspiration for democracy in Southeast Asia,

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1856-464: The party in 1988, becoming an independent politician . After East Timor achieved independence in 2002, Ramos-Horta was appointed as the country's first foreign minister. He served in this position until his resignation on 25 June 2006, amidst political turmoil . On 26 June 2006, following the resignation of Prime Minister Mari Alkatiri , Ramos-Horta was appointed as acting prime minister by President Xanana Gusmão . Two weeks later, on 10 July 2006, he

1914-401: The people of Myanmar. The Committee considered Ramos-Horta "the leading international spokesman for East Timor's cause since 1975". Ramos-Horta played a leading role in negotiating the institutional foundations for independence. He led the Timorese delegation at an important joint workshop with UNTAET on 1 March 2000 to tease out a new strategy, and identify institutional needs. The outcome

1972-466: The position on a temporary basis until a successor to Alkatiri was named. On 8 July 2006, Ramos-Horta himself was appointed prime minister by President Gusmão. He was sworn in on 10 July. Before his appointment as prime minister, Ramos-Horta was considered a possible candidate to succeed Kofi Annan as United Nations Secretary-General . He dropped out of the race in order to serve as East Timor's Prime Minister, but he has indicated that he might run for

2030-438: The post of Interim Minister of Defense to his portfolio as Foreign Minister, in the wake of the resignations of the previous minister. He resigned as both Foreign and Defence Minister on 25 June 2006, announcing, "I do not wish to be associated with the present government or with any government involving Alkatiri ." Prime Minister Alkatiri had been under pressure to resign his position in place of President Xanana Gusmão , but in

2088-522: The predominant lingua franca in the eastern part of the island. In the fifteenth century, before the arrival of the Portuguese, Tetum had spread through central and eastern Timor as a contact language under the aegis of the Belunese-speaking Kingdom of Wehali , at that time the most powerful kingdom in the island. The Portuguese (present in Timor from c. 1556) made most of their settlements in

2146-478: The presidency in 2022 . Ramos-Horta was born in 1949 in Dili , capital of East Timor. He is of Mestiço ethnicity, born to Portuguese father and Portuguese-Timorese mother. Both father (Francisco Horta) and maternal grandfather (Arsénio José Filipe) were deported to Timor by Portuguese authorities. He was educated in a Catholic mission in the small village of Soibada , later chosen by Fretilin as its headquarters after

2204-433: The presidential election, he would dissolve parliament and call for new elections. His campaign was supported by Xanana Gusmão , who was dubbed the "Kingmaker of Timor Leste". Ramos-Horta ran on a platform of poverty reduction, increasing healthcare services for mothers and children, as well as increasing job creation. He also stated that he wanted to try and improve communication across the governing political parties for

2262-609: The prize ceremony. In May 1994, Philippine President Fidel Ramos (no relation), bowing to pressure from Jakarta , tried to ban an international conference on East Timor in Manila and blacklisted Ramos-Horta, with the Thai government following suit later that year by declaring him persona non grata . In December 1996, Ramos-Horta shared the Nobel Peace Prize with fellow Timorese Bishop Ximenes Belo . The Nobel Committee chose to honour

2320-409: The purposes of increasing stability. In addition, he stated his intention on working with the government to address supply chain issues from the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and Russian invasion of Ukraine . The runoff was between Ramos-Horta, and the incumbent Francisco Guterres . In the runoff Ramos-Horta received 62.10% of the vote and defeated Guterres in a landslide, who received 37.90% percent of

2378-434: The shooting and "remember[ed] every detail", describing how he was taken for treatment. On 17 April, he returned to Dili from Darwin. He gave a press conference at the airport in which he urged the remaining rebels in the mountains to surrender. During the first round of the presidential elections of 2012, held on 17 March, Ramos-Horta, who was eligible for a second and final term as president, took third place with 19.43% of

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2436-527: The two laureates for their "sustained efforts to hinder the oppression of a small people", hoping that "this award will spur efforts to find a diplomatic solution to the conflict of East Timor based on the people's right to self-determination ". On The InnerView , Ramos-Horta revealed that he utilizes the Nobel Peace Prize as a vehicle to advocate on behalf of his country, as well as for the Palestinian and

2494-403: The vote behind the presidential candidates Francisco Guterres with 27.28% and Taur Matan Ruak 24.17% of the vote. He admitted defeat, and his term as president ended on 19 May, with the inauguration of Taur Matan Ruak as his successor. Ramos-Horta came out of retirement as he stated that incumbent president Francisco “Lu-Olo” Guterres had violated the constitution. He stated that if he won

2552-483: The vote. He was inaugurated as President of East Timor in a ceremony at the parliament house in Dili on 20 May 2007. He had resigned as Prime Minister the day before and was succeeded by Estanislau da Silva . On 11 February 2008, Ramos-Horta was shot in an assassination attempt. In the gun skirmish, one of his guards was wounded, and two rebel soldiers, including rebel leader Alfredo Reinado , were killed. Ramos-Horta

2610-531: The vote. Speaking to supporters in a rally, Ramos-Horta proclaimed: "I have received this mandate from our people, from the nation in an overwhelming demonstration of our people's commitment to democracy." He added he had not spoken to Guterres personally after the win but had received an invitation from Guterres' office to discuss a handover of power following the election. The United States Department of State congratulated Ramos-Horta on his election as Timor-Leste’s next president and looked forward to strengthen

2668-535: The west, where Dawan was spoken, and it was not until 1769, when the capital was moved from Lifau ( Oecussi ) to Dili that they began to promote Tetum as an inter-regional language in their colony. Timor was one of the few Portuguese colonies where a local language, and not a form of Portuguese, became the lingua franca : this is because Portuguese rule was indirect rather than direct, the Europeans governing through local kings who embraced Catholicism and became vassals of

2726-475: Was a co-recipient of the 1996 Nobel Peace Prize , along with Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo , for working "towards a just and peaceful solution to the conflict in East Timor". As a founder and former member of Fretilin , Ramos-Horta served as the exiled spokesman for the East Timorese resistance during the Indonesian occupation of East Timor (1975–1999). While he continued to work with Fretilin, he resigned from

2784-616: Was an agreed blueprint for a joint administration with executive powers, including leaders of the National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction (CNRT). Further details were worked out in a conference in May 2000. The Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General in East Timor , Sérgio Vieira de Mello , presented the new blueprint to a donor conference in Lisbon, on 22 June 2000, and to

2842-603: Was broadcast on 12 March. In this message, he thanked his supporters and Australia and said that he had "been very well looked after". A spokesman said that his condition was improving and that he had started taking short daily walks for exercise. Ramos-Horta was released from the Royal Darwin Hospital on 19 March, although he said that he would stay in Australia for physical therapy for "a few more weeks". He also said on this occasion that he had remained conscious following

2900-491: Was built in 1946. The clock tower was added when the church was renovated in 2016. The Customs House is a rectangular building of Portuguese origin whose exact date of construction remains unknown. It might have been built around the middle of the 20th century. The building consisting of two halls which is close to the beach was destroyed in 1999. [REDACTED] Media related to Liquiçá (city) at Wikimedia Commons Tetum language There are two main forms of Tetum as

2958-453: Was his greatest hero. In the first round of the election, held on 9 April, Ramos-Horta took second place with 21.81% of the vote; he and Fretilin candidate Francisco Guterres , who took first place, then participated in the second round of the election in May. The full results of the runoff elections were made public by East Timor's National Electoral Committee spokeswoman, Maria Angelina Sarmento, on 11 May, and Ramos-Horta won with 69.18% of

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3016-468: Was proclaimed the country's official language, even though according to Encarta Winkler Prins it was only spoken by about 8% of the native population at the time, while the elite (consisting of 20 to 30 families) spoke Portuguese and most adolescents had been educated in Indonesian. When East Timor gained its independence in 2002, Tetum and Portuguese were declared as official languages. The 2010 census found that Tetum Prasa had 385,269 native speakers on

3074-468: Was renovated in 2016. It is currently used by the Ministry of Public Works. The former Municipal Market which is close by was built in the 1930s featuring a square plan. It had a corridor surrounded by small distribution outlets. The former Municipal School, built before 1910 with stone masonry walls featuring two volumes, was the first school to be built in the district. It served as a military pharmacy during

3132-545: Was sworn in as president of East Timor in a peaceful transfer of power on 20 May 2022; the 20th independence anniversary of East Timor. Following the 2012 Guinea-Bissau coup d'état , he offered to mediate the conflict. He also served as the UN special envoy to the country. He is the author of the book Words of Hope in Troubled Times . Ramos-Horta has served as Chairman of the Advisory Board for TheCommunity.com,

3190-559: Was sworn in as the second prime minister of East Timor. He was elected as President in 2007. On 11 February 2008, he was shot during an assassination attempt . After leaving office as president in 2012, Ramos-Horta was appointed as the United Nations' Special Representative and Head of the United Nations Integrated Peacebuilding Office in Guinea-Bissau (UNIOGBIS) on 2 January 2013. He was re-elected to

3248-638: Was the only foreign head of state to attend. On 30 June 2010, he attended the inauguration of Benigno S. Aquino III , the 15th President of the Philippines . He was, again, the only head of state who attended the inauguration and the first dignitary to arrive in the Philippines for the inauguration. Ramos-Horta is a Member of the Global Leadership Foundation , an organization which works to support democratic leadership, prevent and resolve conflict through mediation and promote good governance in

3306-684: Was trained in human rights law at the International Institute of Human Rights in Strasbourg in 1983. He completed post-graduate courses in American foreign policy at Columbia University in 1983. He is a Senior Associate Member of the University of Oxford's St Antony's College since 1987 and speaks five languages fluently: Portuguese , English , French , Spanish , and the most commonly spoken East Timorese language, Tetum . Ramos-Horta

3364-660: Was treated at an Australian Defence Force hospital in Dili operated by Aspen Medical , before being transferred to the Royal Darwin Hospital in Australia on board an Aspen Medical air ambulance for further treatment. Doctors thought that he had been shot two or three times with the most serious injury being to his right lung. His condition was listed as critical but stable. He was placed in an induced coma on full life support , and regained consciousness on 21 February. A message from Ramos-Horta, still recovering in Darwin,

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