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66-442: Sandiford was arrested on 19 May 2012 after arriving at the island's Ngurah Rai International Airport on a flight from Bangkok when a routine luggage search uncovered the drugs stash. Under subsequent police interrogation she claimed to have been coerced into carrying the drugs by a criminal gang that had made threats against her family, and took part in a sting operation to arrest several other individuals she alleged to be part of

132-519: A British citizen, with financial help to cover her legal costs the government had breached its obligations towards her. The legal challenge was heard at the High Court before Mrs Justice Gloster and Mrs Justice Nicola Davies on 31 January, but the case was dismissed. The judges ruled that Sandiford had "no reasonable prospect of success", remarks that attracted criticism from anti–death penalty campaigners. Sandiford appealed against this decision, but it

198-416: A blend contemporary and Balinese traditional architectural elements as required by provincial bylaw No 5/2005 on building designs. In October 2010 it was reported that the new terminal will be able to handle 20 million passengers a year by 2020 and up to 30 million passengers per year by 2030. In November 2010 the government allocated Rp 1.9 trillion to realise the terminal improvement plan. Plans are for

264-479: A drugs trafficking ring. In December 2012, she was convicted of drug smuggling at Denpasar District Court and sentenced to death by firing squad in January 2013. By contrast, the others involved in the case were convicted of lesser drugs-related offences and received custodial sentences. Prosecutors had recommended Sandiford should also receive a custodial sentence because of her willingness to cooperate with police, but

330-517: A firearm following her arrest, and consequently "violated Lindsay Sandiford's fundamental rights under international laws and the Indonesian constitution". The document also argued her punishment was disproportionate to the crime she committed, and did not take into account her cooperation with authorities. The British consulate in Bali also submitted a statement to the court expressing the country's objection to

396-702: A fleet of buses to ferry passengers to and from aircraft, airlines operating low cost flights which do not use an airbridge. Domestic travelers and also some international travellers are often ferried to aircraft parked on the apron between the domestic terminal and the cargo terminal to the east of the International and Domestic terminals using these buses. The terminal also has prayer rooms, smoking area, showers and massage services. Various lounge areas are provided, some including children's play areas and cinemas, showing films, news, variety, entertainment and sport channels. Because about 500 private jets and aircraft land at

462-661: A process that can take several years under Indonesian law. In response to the sentence, the British embassy in Indonesia said the United Kingdom "remains strongly opposed to the death penalty in all circumstances" and that it was in touch with the UK government to discuss how best to provide Sandiford with legal representation. In a statement to the House of Commons , Hugo Swire , Minister of State for

528-631: A retrial on her behalf. No date had been set for her execution as of August 2017. In April 2023 she was still in Kerobokan Prison in Bali. On the day Sandiford lodged her preliminary appeal the London-based law firm Leigh Day , which is working with Reprieve on her behalf, said it would seek a judicial review of the UK government's position that it does not provide funds for the legal representation of British nationals facing criminal proceedings overseas. Reprieve believed that by not providing Sandiford,

594-515: A simple wooden flight control tower was erected. Aviation communication was by morse code transceiver. In 1959 president Sukarno sought to further develop the airstrip. The new facilities were built as part of a $ 13 million (Rp 35 billion in 1959) renovation project. To allow jet aircraft such as the Douglas DC8 and the Boeing 707 to operate from Bali, it was necessary to extend the runway westward into

660-443: A solution to the expansion problems at Ngurah Rai International airport. There have been proposals to develop a north–south runway, but existing land use in the areas adjacent to the airport makes this idea unfeasible due to the considerable land purchase costs. A completely new airport was proposed to ease the airport' congestion due to the area surrounding the existing airport not supporting significant long-term expansion. A masterplan

726-454: A statement to the court in which he said he believed she was forced to carry the drugs following a disagreement over rent money she had paid on his behalf. A report by Dr. Jennifer Fleetwood, a lecturer in criminology at the University of Kent and expert on women in the international drugs trade was also presented to the court, suggesting Sandiford was an ideal target for drug traffickers. "There

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792-568: A tourist destination and undermined Indonesia's fight against drugs, while his colleague, Komang Wijaya Adi, said their decision had been influenced by several factors, including what was viewed as her lack of remorse. In Indonesia an execution is generally carried out by firing squad, often at night in an isolated location. Following the judgment Sandiford was led from the court in a distressed state, declining to speak to journalists before being escorted away by guards to be held at Bali's notorious Kerobokan Prison . Her lawyers announced she would appeal,

858-404: A year until 2025. This provided land for building a new horseshoe-shaped building for 17 passenger aircraft parking at the east area on the former domestic terminal. The plan also incorporated a runway extension to 3,600 m. Currently airplanes up to the size of Boeing 747-400 , Boeing 747-8 , Boeing 777-300ER , Boeing 787-10 , Airbus A350-1000 and Airbus A380 can use the airport. In 2005

924-744: Is irrational. I am in no doubt that the policy is not irrational. It is based on reasoning which is coherent and which is neither arbitrary nor perverse." In a written interview with BBC Radio 5 Live presenter Victoria Derbyshire shortly after the UK appeal was rejected, Sandiford said that the Foreign Office's stance was "tantamount to condoning the death penalty" and claimed she was receiving little support from them. "The government and FCO are doing all they can to resist me at this difficult time." Ngurah Rai International Airport I Gusti Ngurah Rai International Airport ( IATA : DPS , ICAO : WADD ), also known as Denpasar International Airport ,

990-630: Is named after I Gusti Ngurah Rai , a Balinese hero who died on 20 November 1946 in a puputan (fight to the death) against the Dutch at Marga in Tabanan, where the Dutch defeated his company with air support, killing Ngurah Rai and 95 others during the Indonesian Revolution in 1946. The airport is located in Tuban, between Kuta and Jimbaran , and is close to the tourist locations of downtown Denpasar ,

1056-542: Is the main international airport of Bali , Indonesia . Located 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) from Downtown Denpasar , it serves the Denpasar metropolitan area and the whole island of Bali. Ngurah Rai is the second busiest airport in Indonesia after Soekarno-Hatta . Ngurah Rai is one of the most popular island destinations hubs in Asia . In 2018, the airport served 23,779,178 passengers. The new upgrades of Ngurah Rai have increased

1122-416: Is … evidence to suggest that a trafficker would seek someone who was vulnerable. Having reviewed extracts from Lindsay's medical records I know that Lindsay has a history of mental health issues … This may have unfortunately made her an attractive target for threats, manipulation and coercion." Sandiford was convicted on 19 December, with a recommendation from prosecutors that she be spared the death penalty –

1188-613: The Canggu village, the prison opened in 1979 and was built to hold 300 inmates. As of 2017, the Kerobokan Prison contains over 1,400 male and female prisoners of various nationalities. More than 90% of the prisoners are Indonesian and 78% were convicted on drug charges. 15,000 rupiah ($ 1.08) per day is allocated for each prisoner. Kerobakan Prison has a long and complicated history of riots and other violence involving prisoners and guards. In December 2015, two inmates were killed because of

1254-598: The Foreign Office , expressed his concern about the decision. "We are aware that Lindsay Sandiford is facing the death penalty in Indonesia. We strongly object to the death penalty and continue to provide consular assistance to Lindsay and her family during this difficult time." He also said that Foreign Secretary William Hague had raised the matter with his Indonesian counterpart. Martin Horwood , MP for Cheltenham , Sandiford's most recent UK residence, expressed his shock at

1320-693: The Gazette reported that the money had been used to hire a lawyer, while a Reprieve official was working in Bali to help file the appeal. Sandiford's lawyer, Fadillah Agus, lodged an appeal with the Indonesian High Court on 11 February. He argued that Sandiford's sentence did not take into account her cooperation with police. In February 2013 the Foreign and Commonwealth Office submitted an amicus curiae to Denpasar District Court alleging that police had used sleep deprivation on Sandiford and threatened her with

1386-418: The Indonesian Revolution in 1946. The earlier extension of the runway subsequently caused disruption of natural sand flow along the coast. By 1975 the anticipated rise in passenger volumes was already overburdening the older terminal and works were commenced on a new international passenger terminal, with completion in 1978. The old International Terminal was then converted into the now Domestic Terminal and

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1452-635: The Transportation Security Administration of the United States of America determined that the airport was not meeting the security standards of the International Civil Aviation Administration ; however, this warning was lifted in 2007. Currently around 800 of the total employees at Ngurah Rai are security personnel. The master plan was originally proposed prior to the tourism downturn in Bali following

1518-551: The Cheltenham-based law firm DTS Legal. Sandiford was arrested on 19 May 2012 after arriving at Bali 's Ngurah Rai International Airport on a Thai Airways flight from Bangkok , Thailand, when 4.8 kg (10.6 lb) of cocaine was found in the lining of her suitcase during a routine search. She claimed to have been forced into carrying the drugs by a gang who had threatened to harm members of her family if she did not comply with their demands. When informed she could receive

1584-399: The Indonesian authorities but has been sentenced to death while the gang operating in the UK, Thailand and Indonesia remain free to target other vulnerable people." At the time Sandiford was sentenced to death no executions had been carried out by Indonesia since 2008. On 4 February 2013 the country's attorney general, Basrief Arief , signalled his intention to resume executions by shortening

1650-511: The Japanese made improvements to the runway at the airport. In the five years from 1942 to 1947 the length of the runway was extended to 1,200 m from the original 700 m. Many Balinese identified the Japanese invaders as being potential liberators from the Dutch colonial authorities who were unpopular on the island. There was never a significant Japanese fighter squadron stationed in Denpasar although it

1716-585: The Ngurah Rai International Airport. The following table shows total passenger numbers. Kerobokan Prison Kerobokan Penitentiary Institution ( Indonesian : Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kerobokan , also known as LP Kerobokan , Kerobokan Prison or Hotel K ) is a prison located in Kerobokan , Badung Regency , on the Indonesian island of Bali . Located 4 km (2.49 miles) away from

1782-615: The Supreme Court that she would challenge the sentence. On 7 May 2013, Sandiford appealed against her sentence to the Indonesian Supreme Court. On 30 August, the Supreme Court rejected her appeal. Sandiford is able to lodge a judicial review if new evidence is presented or if there was negligence in the case. Sandiford applied for a presidential pardon in December 2014. In 2015 she recruited Indonesian lawyers for an attempt to seek

1848-417: The Tuban village graveyard and in the south it occupied previously vacant land. The location in this area of the island has subsequently facilitated arrivals and departures over the ocean with minimal noise and overflights intruding upon populated areas. The current airport has an east–west aligned runway and associated taxiway, with over 1,000 m of that runway's length projecting westward into the sea. In 1942

1914-431: The airport every month, the airport authority has built an apron at the south of the airport with a special exit gate which can accommodate 14 general aviation aircraft. On 1 June 2023, an Emirates Airbus A380 flight landed at Ngurah Rai, marking the first time an A380 served a scheduled commercial service in Indonesia. The service replaced one of Emirates' previous twice-daily Boeing 777-300ER Bali flights. This switch

1980-482: The airstrip was in use to stage fighter and bomber operations and received bombing damage from Japanese forces. It was repaired using PSP pierced steel planking . The Japanese armed forces occupied Bali during the Second World War, seizing the airport on 19 February 1942. A poorly motivated garrison of 600 Dutch-led Balinese militia deserted almost immediately as the Japanese invaded the island. Their Dutch commander

2046-475: The appeals procedure began. In the United Kingdom lawyers applied to seek a judicial review of the government's stance of not providing financial aid for Britons facing criminal proceedings overseas, but their legal challenge was dismissed by judges at the High Court of England and Wales on the grounds that Sandiford had little chance in successfully appealing the sentence. An appeal arguing the government's position

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2112-465: The capital of Bali. The Pelabuhan Udara Tuban , or Tuban airfield, was established in 1931 at the narrowest point on the southern coast of Bali. The airport was originally built as a simple 700 m long airstrip by the Dutch Colonial administration's Voor Verkeer en Waterstaats public works office. When first established, the site only had a few huts and a short grass runway. The northern end lay in

2178-522: The death penalty for drug trafficking she told police that she had been asked to carry the drugs for Julian Ponder, a British antiques dealer living in Bali, and his partner Rachel Dougall. Dougall was arrested after a subsequent search of the property she shared with Ponder uncovered 48.94 grammes (1¾ oz) of cocaine, while 3.1 grammes (⅛ oz) of hashish were found at Beale's house. Sandiford and Ponder were charged with drug trafficking. In her defence, Sandiford claimed that she had been pressured into carrying

2244-429: The death penalty. Bali's High Court announced on 8 April 2013 that Sandiford's appeal had been denied and her conviction and death sentence upheld. The Court ruled the original sentence was "accurate and correct," and gave her 14 days to lodge an appeal with the Indonesian Supreme Court. Agus announced on 19 April that an appeal would be lodged within the next few days. On 23 April notice was given by Sandiford's lawyer to

2310-519: The drugs by a gang who had made threats against her children, while her lawyers argued she was suffering from mental health problems. In a statement to the court she expressed regret over her involvement, "I would like to begin by apologising to the Republic of Indonesia and the Indonesian people for my involvement. I would never have become involved in something like this but the lives of my children were in danger and I felt I had to protect them." Her son gave

2376-468: The end of April 2011, the airport's terminals handled 11.1 million passengers a year, exceeding its capacity of 8 million. PT Angkasa Pura I will relocate 35 guest houses to accommodate the expansion, which is expected to occupy up to 265.5 hectares of land for a new access road to the airport and a new airport building, the construction of a new flyover, enlarge airport terminal and improve luggage handling system. There have been several plans made seeking

2442-491: The ever-increasing number of passengers the terminal buildings were extended with construction of an international terminal building undertaken from 1965 to 1969. This added international facilities to the existing domestic passenger terminal. The new Ngurah Rai International Airport was inaugurated the on 1 August 1968 by the then Indonesian President Suharto as Pelabuhan Udara Internasional Ngurah Rai , or Ngurah Rai International Airport. The name came from I Gusti Ngurah Rai who

2508-514: The international and domestic terminals at Ngurah Rai International Airport were announced in September 2008 with estimated costs of up to Rp 1 trillion (US$ 110.10 million) and a 2011 planned completion date. The total area of the domestic and international terminals was to be increased from 83,000 square metres (890,000 sq ft) to about 200,000 square metres (2,200,000 sq ft), with 130,000 m (1,400,000 sq ft) provided for

2574-603: The international gates have jet bridges and automated aircraft parking systems. The international departure lounge areas have a total capacity of 3,175 passengers. Open to the public on 17 September 2014, the new Domestic Terminal area is 65,800 m (708,000 sq ft) or four times larger than the old one. It can serve up to 9.4 million passengers a year, has 62 check in counters, four transit and transfer counters, 19 ticket counters, eight boarding gates and seven arrival gates which are provided by five aviobridges (garbarata) and 5 unit conveyor belts. The airport operates

2640-424: The international terminal and 70,000 m (750,000 sq ft) for the domestic terminal. In December 2008, the operating company announced that the expansion works at Tuban would begin in early 2009. Airport Facilities Development and Flight Safety (FBUKP) Phase III for Ngurah Rai International Airport includes the terminal building, a multi story car parking building, and apron. The plan involves developing

2706-466: The issuing of the Government Decree No. 5 of 1992 then Perum Angkasa Pura I was converted into a PT. (Persero) Angkasa Pura 1. Company activities include aviation facilities provisions and airport services. Project Phase II was carried out 10 February 1998 with planned completion June 2000. In 2000, the airport recorded 43,797 domestic and international flights, carrying 4,443,856 passengers. By

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2772-465: The length of the appeals process, which he believed had delayed them. The country resumed executing condemned prisoners on 15 March, when a Malawian drug trafficker, Adami Wilson, was executed by firing squad in the early hours of the morning. Sandiford had seven days to lodge an appeal following the sentence. On 28 January Gede Ketut Rantam, registrar of Denpasar District Court in Bali, confirmed his office had received an appeal request from Sandiford. She

2838-434: The maximum punishment for drug trafficking under Indonesian law – because of her age and cooperation with police, and instead receive a 15-year custodial sentence. On the same day, Rachel Dougall was found guilty of failing to report a crime, while Paul Beales was convicted of possessing hashish. They later received one year and four-year prison sentences respectively. Julian Ponder was cleared of drug smuggling, but convicted of

2904-671: The old Domestic Terminal was converted to use as the Cargo and Catering facilities building. On 1 October 1980 based on the Government Decree No. 26 of 1980, the management of Ngurah Rai International Airport was passed over from the Directorate of Air Transport to Perum Angkasa Pura . Since then the aviation facilities including the apron, the terminal and other buildings have been further developed by Perum Angkasa Pura. In 1986 by Government Decree No. 25 Perum Angkasa Pura changed name to become Perum Angkasa Pura I. The Indonesian term Pelabuhan Udara

2970-419: The panel of judges overseeing the hearing felt her actions had undermined Indonesia's anti-drugs policy and concluded there were no mitigating circumstances in her favour. Sandiford subsequently launched an appeal against the court's decision. She had funded her own defence costs during the initial trial but had no money for representation at appeal. Funds were subsequently raised to pay for an appeal lawyer, and

3036-509: The popularity of Bali and made it one of the best airports in Asia and more known worldwide. The airport has category IX and is capable of serving wide-body aircraft including the Boeing 747-8 and Airbus A380 . Airport Council International awarded Ngurah Rai International Airport as the world's third best airport (with 15-25 million passengers each year) in 2016 based on their services. The airport

3102-453: The possession of narcotics in January 2013, and sentenced to six years' imprisonment. Despite the prosecution's recommendation of leniency, at her sentencing hearing on 22 January 2013 a panel of judges ruled there were no mitigating circumstances in Sandiford's favour and imposed a death sentence. Amser Simanjuntak, who headed the panel, said Sandiford's actions had damaged Bali's reputation as

3168-492: The principle that we have had to consider and it cannot affect our decision. It may be that other means may be found to secure the relatively small sum in the course of the next few days." The judges published their reasons for rejecting the appeal on 22 May. In the written judgement, Lord Dyson said that Sandiford had argued the Foreign Secretary's position was "unlawful" but that the High Court had been "right to conclude" it

3234-412: The sea as any potential eastern extension of the runway was by now blocked by the expansion of the local fishing village. An international airport was developed with the decision by the Indonesia government to further develop and rebuild the terminal building and extend the existing airport runway westward by 1,200 m to a length of 2,700 m with two 100 m overruns. The project, which lasted from 1963 to 1969,

3300-510: The sentence. "The days of the death penalty ought to be past. This is not the way that a country that now values democracy and human rights should really be behaving." The sentence was also condemned by the anti–death penalty charity Reprieve , which has taken up her case. The organisation's Harriet McCulloch said, "She is clearly not a drug king pin - she has no money to pay for a lawyer, for the travel costs of defence witnesses or even for essentials like food and water. She has cooperated fully with

3366-406: The site of the current domestic terminal which will be used as a new 120,000 m international terminal with the existing international terminal being converted into the new domestic terminal. It is projected that subsequent to these plans being completed Ngurah Rai International Airport will be able to accommodate up to 25 million passengers per annum. The planned airport buildings were described as

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3432-398: The two bombing incidents. The airport and Bali's economy, which are almost exclusively dependent on tourism suffered considerably from the decline in tourists. Since these proposals were originally made the tourism sector has experienced a gradual recovery and a new international airport has been built on the nearby island of Lombok to the east of Bali. The new Lombok International Airport

3498-434: The work to be completed prior to the expected demands of the 2013 APEC Summit. Rp 3.5 trillion funding was announced for the combined airport and the previously planned connecting toll road projects, with Rp 1.9 trillion allocated to the airport. May 2013 was set as the deadline for both projects. With about 12 to 15 percent passenger growth annually, the airport was set to reach 20 million passengers annually in 2017, which

3564-456: Was a response to high demand for international travel to Bali. The airport met the specifications to serve the Airbus A380 flights by building an aerobridge specifically designed to accommodate the aircraft's upper deck on one of the gates. Ngurah Rai International Airport is connected by highway via Bali Mandara Toll Road to Denpasar and Nusa Dua . Three bus rapid transit corridors served

3630-409: Was a significant national republican figure during the struggle for independence in Indonesia. The current airport is named after I Gusti Ngurah Rai , an Indonesian National Hero an Indonesian republican who died on 20 November 1946 in a puputan (fight to the death) against the Dutch at Marga in Tabanan where the Dutch defeated them with the aid of aircraft, killing Ngurah Rai and 95 others during

3696-595: Was again rejected at the High Court in April 2013, by a three-judge panel chaired by Master of the Rolls Lord Dyson . By then Sandiford's first line of appeal against her death sentence had been rejected, and she required £6,000 towards her legal costs for the next stage of her appeal. In his summing up on 22 April Lord Dyson said that it was "most unfortunate" Sandiford required "relatively speaking ... [a] very small sum indeed" for her legal costs, but that this "cannot affect

3762-776: Was announced for works at this airport for 2009–2011, which includes a new international terminal with 120,000 square metres (1,300,000 sq ft) in area to be built and the existing international terminal with area of 56,000 square metres (600,000 sq ft) will be renovated for use as a new domestic terminal. The new international terminal opened in November 2013, while the domestic terminal opened on 17 September 2014 with an area of 65,800 square metres (708,000 sq ft), eight departure and seven arrival gates, five passenger boarding bridges, five conveyor belts, as well as more counters — 62 for check-in, 4 for transit and 19 for ticketing. It can also accommodate 25 million passengers

3828-520: Was changed into Bandar Udara based on the Transportations Ministerial Decision No.213/HK.207/Phb-85 on 1 September 1985. Commencing 1 October 1989 until 31 August 1992 further major airport improvement works were undertaken including a landing strip extension to 3,000 m, taxiway relocations, apron expansion, passenger and cargo building expansions and the further development of air navigational and aircraft fueling facilities. With

3894-493: Was first announced in 2005. A stage one completed runway of 2,750 m opened on 1 October 2011 and a proposed stage 2 development of 4,000 m is planned for the new facility. It is anticipated that some of the requirement for expansion of Bali's Ngurah Rai International Airport will be mitigated with the opening of the new facility in Lombok. Lombok is approximately 25 mins away by air from Ngurah Rai International Airport. Plans to expand

3960-509: Was named Project Tuban Airport and was for preparation of Tuban Airport for international operations. Land reclamation to project the runway and the two overruns by 1,500 m was achieved by taking material from the limestone rocks at Ungasan and sand from the river Antosari–Tabanan. With the completion of the temporary terminal and runway project at the Tuban Airport, the government inaugurated international air service on 10 August 1966. To meet

4026-481: Was not. "As the Secretary of State concedes, it would be possible to produce a policy under which funds for legal representation were made available to British nationals in certain defined circumstances...But the question is not whether the Secretary of State could produce a different policy which many would regard as fairer and more reasonable and humane than the present policy. It is whether the policy that he has produced

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4092-586: Was the airport's full capacity in prior years. Lengthening the existing runway was not possible either due to the densely populated areas adjacent to the airport, or environmental concerns regarding land reclamation. A site for a new, larger airport with two runways had been identified in the northern part of Bali, in the eastern part of Buleleng Regency . The International terminal has a Balinese architectural theme and has separate departure and arrival halls. The departures area has 62 check-in counters that are equipped with electronic scales and luggage conveyors. Ten of

4158-793: Was then given a further fourteen days to file a more detailed appeal. The appellate system of Indonesia has three levels; the High Court, the Supreme Court , and a direct appeal for clemency to the President . Her financial resources had been exhausted by legal costs during her trial, and consular staff identified an Indonesian lawyer who was willing to represent her on a pro bono basis at appeal, but who required expenses of £2,500 to travel to Bali. On 1 February Teesside's Evening Gazette reported that £3,500 had been collectively pledged by donors to accounts established on online donation sites Justgiving and Indiegogo to pay for her legal fees. On 4 February

4224-400: Was to learn that through a misunderstanding of his orders, Tuban airfield had not been destroyed by explosives as he had ordered. Apparently his order not to delay the demolition was misread by the demolition engineers at the airstrip who thought instead that he wanted the operation delayed. This confusion allowed the Japanese to take the airfield completely intact. During the occupation period

4290-580: Was unlawful was also rejected. The British government submitted a statement to the Court in Bali alleging unlawful behaviour towards Sandiford by officials at the time of her arrest. The High Court in Bali rejected the first stage of Sandiford's appeal in April 2013, upholding the death sentence. An appeal was subsequently lodged with the country's Supreme Court, but in August this was also rejected. A former legal secretary , Sandiford worked for many years in management at

4356-452: Was within the field of tactical air operations conducted from both Surabaya and Allied airbases in northern Australia. More so the taking of Tuban airfield and the island of Bali deprived the allied forces of a fighter staging field en route from Australia to defend Java. At the time the airport was still called Tuban Airfield, named after the local fishing village. In 1949 a terminal building and other aviation facilities were constructed and

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