Redlands ( / ˈ r ɛ d l ə n d z / RED -ləndz ) is a city in San Bernardino County, California , United States. As of the 2020 census , the city had a population of 73,168, up from 68,747 at the 2010 census . The city is located approximately 45 miles (72 km) northwest of Palm Springs and 63 miles (101 km) east of Los Angeles .
97-532: The Lincoln Memorial Shrine in Redlands, California, is a memorial and research center dedicated to the memory of Abraham Lincoln , the 16th President of the United States of America. Opened on February 12, 1932, by local philanthropist Robert Watchorn as a monument to his deceased and only son, Emory Ewart Watchorn. The memorial is located at 125 West Vine Street behind the A. K. Smiley Public Library , adjacent
194-615: A Catholic mission in Monterey. After Portolá left California in 1770, captain Pedro Fages was in charge of the Presidio of Monterey , as the somewhat independent lieutenant-governor of California Nueva (New California) — which, in 1770, became part of Las Californias , and was later split from Baja California to become Alta California . In March 1770 Felipe de Barri , in Baja California,
291-599: A Metrolink branch from San Bernardino to end-of-track on the eastern side of town adjacent to the campus of the University of Redlands . 5 new stations with mostly local service to and from the San Bernardino Transit Center and one daily ride to Los Angeles Union Station . The city has been visited by three U.S. Presidents : William McKinley was the first in 1901, followed by Theodore Roosevelt in 1903 and William Howard Taft in 1909. Local landmarks include
388-454: A cigarette. Heavy rains punctuated the winter and spring of 1770–1, but Fages permitted no let-up in the work. His soldiers had to trudge through mud to the forest to chop wood, then drag their mules out of the mud and head home. They had no chance to wash or mend their clothes during the six-day work week; Fages told them to do that on Sundays. On Sundays, they had to carry a week's supply of wood for Fages' kitchen and fetch their own water from
485-513: A crew of sailors. After sailing nearly 200 miles (320 kilometers) beyond San Diego due to cartography errors, the San Carlos doubled back south. It finally arrived in San Diego Bay on April 29, with scurvy-ridden troops and crewmen. Upon recovering from the ill effects of the voyage, Fages set about carrying out the instructions of José de Gálvez . Along with Miguel Costansó , he reconnoitered
582-450: A female householder with no husband present, 1,291 (5.2%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 1,255 (5.1%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships , and 164 (0.7%) same-sex married couples or partnerships . 6,083 households (24.6%) were made up of individuals, and 2,198 (8.9%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68. There were 17,062 families (68.9% of all households);
679-487: A large Seventh-day Adventist population along with the neighboring town of Loma Linda . Judaism Congregation Emanu El, formerly located in nearby San Bernardino, in 2013 dedicated its new building on Ford Street in Redlands. The Congregation claims to trace its history back to the 1850s. Redlands has two sister cities , as designated by Sister Cities International : Pedro Fages Pedro Fages (1734–1794)
776-473: A letter to padre Palóu, in which he reported: "[About] six months ago Eulalia suddenly called me one morning with a thousand protests, tears, and humility and asked my pardon for all the past. She voluntarily confessed that everything had been a pretense and falsehood and that she herself had bribed the Indian girl to take part in the plot… Thank God we are now living in union and harmony." The place Fages entered in
873-479: A missionary, to escort any woman, even the governor's wife. Instead, Palóu spent a whole day trying to dissuade Eulalia from going to Mexico, pointing out all the hardships the trip would entail. Eulalia finally relented and agreed to stay in Monterey. Apparently dissatisfied with that resolution, Fages threw bureaucratic obstacles in the way of Palóu boarding the ship that would carry him to Mexico, delaying Palóu's departure until November. In January 1787, Fages wrote
970-403: A mutual interest in the life of President Lincoln. Designed by Elmer Grey and interior murals created by Dean Cornwell . Designed in an octagonal shape. Whatchorn also donated a bust of Lincoln by George Grey Barnard he acquired in 1922. The Watchorn Lincoln Memorial Association was created. The association along with the city's A.K. Smiley public library hold that pledge to upkeep. They host
1067-564: A pledge by the city to upkeep the museum. The Memorial Shrine was dedicated by the Watchorn family for their only adult surviving son, Emory Watchorn, who died at the age of twenty-five in 1921 due to complications from service as an open-air cockpit pilot in WWI. Years after his death, the Watchorns decided to build the memorial at their winter home in Redlands. A tribute to Lincoln, as Robert and Emory shared
SECTION 10
#17328915888641164-480: A psychological portrait of Eulalia Callis in her mercurial relationship with her husband Pedro Fages. Bartlett also sets the tensions between Eulalia and Pedro within the complex interplay between Spanish military officers and Franciscan missionaries in Alta California. Pedro Fages appears as a minor character in the 1955 film Seven Cities of Gold , which presents a fanciful and historically inaccurate account of
1261-512: A series of quarrels, Eulalia broke off relations with Pedro. When Pedro seemed unfazed by the separation, Eulalia accused him of consorting with an Indian maidservant of their household. Threatening divorce, Eulalia left the house. In February 1785, Fages sought the advice of the friars at Mission Carmel . Friar Matías de Santa Catalina Noriega concluded that Eulalia still had the obligation to live with her husband and tried to persuade her to reunite with Pedro. Eulalia refused, and appealed her case to
1358-638: A small cloak of rabbit or hare skin, which does not fall below the waist. The women wear a short apron of red and white cords twisted and worked as closely as possible, which extends to the knee. Others use the green and dry tule interwoven, and complete their outfit with a deerskin half tanned or entirely untanned, to make wretched underskirts which scarcely serve to indicate the distinction of sex, or to cover their nakedness with sufficient modesty. In November 1770, Fages led an expedition from Monterey by land to San Francisco Bay . Rather than follow Portolá's difficult trail around Monterey Bay to Santa Cruz and along
1455-617: A unit in the Southern California Edison Co. " The 250 kilowatt AC Mill Creek No. 1 Hydroelectric Plant was designed by Almirian Decker. Electric arc lamps were first illuminated over Redlands streets on August 5, 1893. George B. Ellis, one of seven men who spearheaded the undertaking, is largely credited with originating the plan. "The first line was extended from the Mill Creek powerhouse to East Citrus avenue, thence to Redlands and to Mr. Ellis' Terracina hotel. By September
1552-439: Is an extensive Mexican-American community in Redlands. The Census reported that 66,379 people (96.6% of the population) lived in households, 1,856 (2.7%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 512 (0.7%) were institutionalized. There were 24,764 households, out of which 8,598 (34.7%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 12,374 (50.0%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 3,397 (13.7%) had
1649-598: Is home to the Asistencia Mission founded in 1819 by early European settlers. By the early 20th century, it was a major focal point of California's citrus industry and boosted the world's largest producer of naval oranges in the world. Redlands is home to the University of Redlands founded in 1907. Redlands has a history of philanthropic residents, establishing the University, the Redlands Bowl , Smiley Library , and
1746-624: Is represented in the United States Senate by Democrats Alex Padilla and Laphonza Butler who was appointed by Governor Gavin Newsome after the death of Dianne Feinstein . In the United States House of Representatives , Redlands is split between California's 33rd congressional district , represented by Democrat Pete Aguilar , and California's 23rd congressional district , represented by Republican Jay Obernolte . In
1843-517: Is sorted and morning deliveries started by 8:30 a.m. on most routes. The post office department has temporarily arranged for this mail to be brought in by the Santa Fe train at 6:05 a.m. As this arrival is an hour later, our service will be one hour later." The abandoned Pacific Electric La Quinta trestle over the Santa Ana River stood immediately south of San Bernardino International Airport into
1940-580: The 47th Assembly District , represented by Republican Greg Wallis . Redlands is a general law city that uses the council–manager form of government. Council members were elected at-large prior to 2018, now per council district per state law. The mayor and mayor-pro-tempore are not directly elected, but are chosen by the council. Redlands Unified School District Gorman Learning Center (K-12 charter school) Coming east from Los Angeles and continuing toward Palm Springs , Interstate 10 bisects Redlands. A tempestuous political battle occurred in
2037-611: The A.K. Smiley Public Library , a Moorish-style library built in 1898, and the Redlands Bowl , built in 1930 and home of the oldest continuously free outdoor concert series in the United States. Located behind the Smiley Library is the Lincoln Shrine, the only memorial honoring the "Great Emancipator", the sixteenth president Abraham Lincoln , west of the Mississippi River . Famous homes include "America's Favorite Victorian,"
SECTION 20
#17328915888642134-584: The California State Legislature , Redlands is in the 23rd Senate District , represented by Republican Rosilicie Ochoa Bogh . In the State Assembly, Redlands is split into three, all of North Redlands above I-10 is represented by the 45th Assembly District , represented by Democrat James Ramos . Downtown and southwest Redlands by the 50th Assembly District , represented by Democrat Eloise Reyes and southeast Redlands area by
2231-523: The Carmel River some six miles away; clean their weapons; and pass inspection. This work regime lasted a year and a half. Fages' soldiers viewed him as a tyrant, until complaints by the soldiers persuaded padre president Junípero Serra to intervene. Serra told Fages that, as a Christian, he had to observe the sabbath and let his men rest on Sundays. The soldiers raped the Indian women and took them as concubines . At Serra's urging, Fages punished some of
2328-891: The Carmel mission in 1787, Fages described the area's Indians as the laziest, most brutish and least rational of all the natives discovered between San Diego and San Francisco. He reckoned those qualities — along with the foggy and windy climate, shortage of potable water, high death rate, and language barriers — accounted for the painfully slow progress of mission Carmel. Concerned over the shortage of skilled artisans in his domain, governor Fages proposed in 1787 that artisans imprisoned in Mexico City and Guadalajara have their sentences commuted to exile in California — provided they serve out their terms at presidios or missions and then stay on as settlers. New Spain's rulers did not act on Fages' proposal. Fages
2425-769: The Free Company of Volunteers of Catalonia formed to suppress rebellions by Pima and Seri Indians of Sonora. In 1781, Eulalia and Pedro traveled to Arizpe , Sonora, where Eulalia gave birth to her first child, Pedrito. When Fages got reassigned to Alta California as governor in 1782, Eulalia and Pedrito remained in Sonora. Then they traveled to Baja California under military escort. Fages journeyed south to Loreto to pick them up. Departing Loreto in July, they arrived in Monterey in January 1783. In
2522-544: The Greater Los Angeles regional transportation system Metrolink additionally makes one daily round trip to Redlands–Downtown station . Prior to European colonization, local tongva Serrano people practiced spirituality for millennia, web of life customs. The first known monothistic religious establishment in Redlands, was of the Christian faith. The catholic San Bernardino de Sena Estancia by Francisco Dumetz
2619-610: The Lincoln Memorial Shrine . Today, Redlands is a strong growing community with a diverse economy, and growing population in the Inland Empire region of southern California, home to Esri . The area now occupied by Redlands was previously part of the territory of the Morongo and Aguas Calientes tribes of Cahuilla people . Explorations such as those of Pedro Fages and Francisco Garcés sought to extend Catholic influence to
2716-635: The Morey Mansion , on Terracina Boulevard, and the Kimberly Crest House and Gardens , a home museum featured on the PBS series "America's Castles." Named after the family that purchased the house, the owners of Kimberly-Clark (makers of paper goods and Kleenex ), it is a beautiful mansion set high on a hill overlooking the whole valley. Redlands is still regarded as the "Jewel of the Inland Empire." In
2813-542: The Redlands Bowl and within Smiley Park Historic District . Opened daily from 1PM to 5PM. Except Mondays and majors holidays when its closed. The largest memorabilia collection, memorial and research center dedicated to Abraham Lincoln on the west coast of the United States. Entrance is free. Robert Watchorn agreed to donated $ 60,000 on May 6, 1931, for the city to construct the Memorial Shrine, with
2910-647: The San Bernardino Valley . The Franciscan friars from Mission San Gabriel established the San Bernardino Asistencia in 1819 and embarked on the usual program of training the native tribes to raise crops and encouraging permanent settlements. By 1820, a ditch, known as a zanja , was dug by conscripted native labor for the friars from Mill Creek to the Asistencia. In 1822, word of the Mexican triumph in
3007-539: The San Joaquin Valley is a California Historical Landmark number 291 signed on June 27, 1938. The spot is now on California State Route 166 , about 20 miles south of Bakersfield, California . The California Historical Landmark reads: The novel Mistress of Monterey: A Story of Lost Romance in Eighteenth Century California by Virginia Stivers Bartlett (1933, reprinted by Event Horizon Press) draws
Lincoln Memorial Shrine - Misplaced Pages Continue
3104-518: The Seven Years' War . In May 1767 Fages, commissioned as a lieutenant in the newly formed Free Company of Volunteers of Catalonia , set sail from Cádiz along with a company of light infantry, voyaging to New Spain (Mexico). He and his men served under Domingo Elizondo in Sonora . In 1769, Fages was selected by visitador ( Inspector general ) José de Gálvez to lead a detachment of soldiers on one of
3201-571: The Sunkist packing plant at Redlands Heights on San Bernardino Avenue into at least the 1970s. The Smiley Heights line was abandoned at this time, as well. Bus service operated by the Motor Transit Company, a subsidiary of Pacific Electric, began on July 20. This also affected mail delivery in Redlands as "Approximately 80 percent of our mail from all directions arrives on the 5 a.m. electric car," explained Postmaster James B. Stone. "This dispatch
3298-603: The United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 36.4 square miles (94 km ). 36.1 square miles (93 km ) of it is land and 0.3 square miles (0.78 km ) of it (0.83%) is water. The climate in this area is described by the Köppen Climate Classification System as " dry-summer subtropical " often referred to as " Mediterranean " and abbreviated as Csa . The data below were compiled from 1898 through 2015, accessed via
3395-583: The War of Independence reached the inland area, and lands previously claimed by Spain passed to the custody of the newly established Mexican government . In 1842, the Lugo family bought the Rancho San Bernardino Mexican land grant and this became the first fixed settler civilization in the area. The area northwest of current Redlands, astride the Santa Ana River , would become known as Lugonia. The region
3492-652: The Western Regional Climate Center . The 2020 United States Census reported that Redlands had a population of 73,168. The population density was 2,032.9 inhabitants per square mile (784.9/km ). The racial makeup of Redlands was 44,632 (61.0%) White (44.0% Non-Hispanic White), 4,609 (6.3%) African American , 292 (0.4%) Native American , 5,926 (8.1%) Asian , 292 (0.4%) Pacific Islander , 9,072 (12.4%) from other races . Hispanic or Latino of any race were 26,925 persons (36.8%). The Census reported 25,273 households in Redlands. The average household size
3589-462: The 1937–38 growing season. During the 1930s and 1940s, labor activists campaigned in the canneries and packing houses for union representation and higher wages. The United Cannery, Agricultural, Packing, and Allied Workers of America (UCAPAWA) won 13 National Labor Relations Board representation elections in the Riverside-Redlands area in 1943. In 1945, the first annual Orange Queen Ball at
3686-646: The 1950s when three routes for the new freeway were considered, one north of town through the Lugonia district - the Lugonia-Sand Canyon route, the center route through the city, and a southern alignment through San Timoteo Canyon , parallelling the Southern Pacific railroad tracks - the San Timoteo-Live Oak Canyon route. The central route was finalized in 1957 and Redlands Mayor Charles Parker cut
3783-549: The 2010s but was removed when an Amazon facility was built adjacent to the site. "History was made in the electrical industry July 27, 1892, when a franchise was granted to the Electric Light & Power Co., which was incorporated Oct. 6 and began building a powerhouse in Mill Creek canyon. Thus the groundwork was laid for the world's first (three)-phase transmission line, which brought electricity to Redlands and later became
3880-469: The Kumeyaay as "lazy idlers," noted that "they have bestowed great affection upon Don Pedro Fages and they also respect him very much. They have invited him at various times to be with their women, an expression of friendship that the rest have not merited. " Costansó recounts a demonstration Fages arranged to prove the superiority of Spanish firearms. Armed with bows and arrows tipped with "very sharp flints,"
3977-504: The Kumeyaay men initially viewed the Spaniards' guns as "simple sticks." Fages ordered a leather target erected at a practical distance. The Indians fired their arrows, which had only a "mild effect" on the leather. Fages then ordered his best marksmen to shoot at the same target. "Upon hearing the noise and seeing the destruction so close at hand, the Indians changed their expressions and some of
Lincoln Memorial Shrine - Misplaced Pages Continue
4074-676: The Lincoln Dinner Sponsorship fund. The association conducts a dinner as a fundraising event for the Memorial Shrine. The dinner is held at the Orton Center at the University of Redlands yearly. The Memorial Shrine was expanded with two wings in 1998. Tripled the size of museum space. The Memorial Shrine obtained the Watchorn Family Collection papers and portraits in September 2008 for $ 108,000. Obtains letter and books from
4171-440: The Memorial Shrine in honor of Lincoln. Parade is held on Lincoln's Birthday yearly and ends with American Civil War re-enactors and various civil war displays. Redlands, California Redlands was founded in 1881 on land that encompassed native Serrano, Morongo and Cahuilla tribes. Redlands absorbed the communities of Terracina, Barton, Bryn Mawr, Crafton, Gladysta, and Lugonia Park when it incorporated in 1888. Redlands
4268-480: The Monterey presidio had been built, sending along a simplified map. Fages had also started a large vegetable garden with an irrigation supply, and three plots dedicated to growing wheat, barley, rice and beans. He described the Indians of the Monterey/Carmel area as having well-proportioned bodies but feeble spirits. He also described their dress: Nearly all of them go naked, except a few who cover themselves with
4365-516: The November 26 incorporation. The original communities of Lugonia, Bryn Mawr, Barton, Terracina, Gladysta, parts of Mentone, and parts of Crafton were absorbed at this time. The newspaper was first published in July 1887 by The Citrograph Printing Company, which remains in 2023 as both Redlands' oldest business and the longest-operating printing company in California. E. G. Judson served as the first mayor of Redlands. The Redlands Street Railway Company
4462-505: The Redlands City Auditorium was held to raise funds for the union. The citrus industry declined in the area as more agricultural areas were replaced by subdivisions , and all three citrus packing houses (two in downtown and one on San Bernardino Avenue) had closed by the end of the 1900s. Today only one packing house remains to serve the needs of approximately the 2,500 acres (10 km ) of citrus that remains in production in
4559-400: The area. At the turn of the 20th century, Redlands was the "Palm Springs" of the next century, with roses being planted along many city thoroughfares. Some of these plantings would survive as wild thickets into the 1970s, especially adjacent to orange groves where property management was lax. Washingtonia palms ( Washingtonia robusta ) were planted along many main avenues. So beautifully kept
4656-405: The average family size was 3.2. In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.2% under the age of 18, 10.7% from 18 to 24, 27.9% from 25 to 44, 22.7% from 45 to 64, and 12.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.4 males. The median income for a household in the city
4753-635: The average family size was 3.21. The population was spread out, with 16,273 people (23.7%) under the age of 18, 8,185 people (11.9%) aged 18 to 24, 17,381 people (25.3%) aged 25 to 44, 17,930 people (26.1%) aged 45 to 64, and 8,978 people (13.1%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.3 males. There were 26,634 housing units at an average density of 731.2 per square mile (282.3/km ), of which 15,061 (60.8%) were owner-occupied, and 9,703 (39.2%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate
4850-526: The bishop. When Fages returned from a trip to Baja California — during which time Eulalia lived at mission Carmel — she finally agreed to move back into her husband's house. In August 1785, aging friar Francisco Palóu arrived at Monterey from mission Santa Clara , planning to return to Mexico and retire. Fages confided to Palóu that Eulalia still felt unhappy in his house and still wanted to return to Mexico. He asked Palóu to escort Eulalia as far as Guadalajara . Palóu objected that it would be improper for him,
4947-629: The ceremonial ribbon to open the new interstate on August 28, 1962. State Route 210 (the Foothill Freeway) begins at Interstate 10 in Redlands, then heads west toward Pasadena and Los Angeles. The San Bernardino-based Omnitrans bus system which handles the bus service for the area serves Redlands. Arrow is a commuter rail service that operates from the University of Redlands to San Bernardino with several stops in Redlands ;— service began on October 24, 2022. The San Bernardino Line of
SECTION 50
#17328915888645044-425: The city. The population density was 1,793.1 inhabitants per square mile (692.3/km ). There were 24,790 housing units at an average density of 699.0 per square mile (269.9/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 73.7% White , 4.3% African American , 0.9% Native American , 5.1% Asian , 0.2% Pacific Islander , 11.3% from other races , and 4.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 24.1% of
5141-475: The coast, Fages found an easier route through present-day Salinas and the Santa Clara Valley (today's U.S. Route 101 ). Fages' new trail became the preferred route, and missions were later established along that road at Mission San Juan Bautista , Mission Santa Clara , and Mission San Jose . From the southern end of the bay, Fages pushed on another day to the farthest camp used by Portolá's scouts of
5238-802: The community. Electrification and new rails replaced mules in 1899, with electrical operation beginning in December. Most Redlands street railways would pass to the San Bernardino Valley Traction Company in a consolidation on June 3, 1903, and thence to the Pacific Electric in the "Great Merger" of Huntington properties under new ownership by the Southern Pacific Transportation Company on February 8, 1911. Henry E. Huntington , nephew of late Southern Pacific president Collis P. Huntington , had gained control of
5335-481: The company was advertising power for sale to the public. The firm boasted of ability to supply current enough for 55 arc lamps, and 1,500 homes." Engineer O. H. Ensign was "largely responsible for the success of the undertaking." When gas lighting became available in Redlands in 1900, many homes already had electricity. "The same group of men in 1894 organized the Southern California Power Co. Later it
5432-505: The corn and meal. The soldiers supplemented their diet by gathering wild herbs and hunting geese on Sundays. They also traded what goods they had such as ponchos, knives, daggers, and handkerchiefs for food from the Indians. News of the soldiers' harsh treatment and poor conditions gradually reached Mexico, and Alta California became an undesirable assignment. In late June 1771, Fages wrote to viceroy Carlos de Croix in Mexico to inform him that
5529-631: The east, Fages' group climbed the slopes of Mount Diablo and became the first Europeans to see the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta , the Central Valley of California and the Sierra Nevada mountain range. Seeing that it was impossible to cross the wide river without boats, the party looped around to return to San Jose through today's Contra Costa County (roughly following today's I-680 highway). Messengers from Monterey met
5626-528: The four-mile-long (6.4 km) streetcar line of the Redlands Central Railway Company in 1908. The Pacific Electric Railway (PE) completed an interurban connection between Los Angeles and San Bernardino in 1914, providing a convenient, speedy connection to the fast-growing city of Los Angeles and its new port at San Pedro , bringing greater prosperity to the town and a new role as a vacation destination for wealthy Angelenos . Redlands
5723-564: The huge and fearsome California grizzly bear . Fages himself joined the hunt, and earned his nickname El Oso ("the bear") while hunting bears near San Luis Obispo . Fages' first tenure as commander in Monterey ended in 1774, after he quarreled with Father Junípero Serra , president of the Alta California missions . He was replaced as lieutenant-governor by another veteran of the Portolá expedition, Fernando Rivera y Moncada . In 1777, Fages
5820-448: The indigenous people and the dominion of the Spanish crown into the area in the 1770s. The Tongva village of Kaawchama , located just to the west of present-day Redlands, was visited by Fr. Francisco Dumetz in 1810, and was the reason the site was chosen for a mission outpost. Dumetz reached the village on May 20, the feast day of Saint Bernardino of Siena , and thus named the region
5917-401: The last shippers at Crafton and Mentone having ceased operations. A move was made by transit activists beginning in the 1990s to have this branch revitalized as part of the Southern California transit districts, but it came to nothing for many years. After Metrolink regional commuter rail became involved and funds secured, reconstruction began in 2019 and named Arrow . It was completed in 2022,
SECTION 60
#17328915888646014-403: The many lakes and streams of the San Bernardino Mountains . The Mormon community left wholesale in 1857, recalled to Utah by Brigham Young during the tensions with the US federal government that ultimately led to the brief Utah War . Benjamin Barton purchased 1,000 acres (4 km ) from the Latter-Day Saints and planted extensive vineyards and built a winery . "The first settler on
6111-439: The mid-late 20th Century, Redlands was home to various light manufacturing firms, and became a bedroom community for the military personnel and contractor employees of the aerospace industry that supported missions at Norton Air Force Base , as well as the Lockheed Propulsion Company plant in Mentone . In 1989, Norton Air Force Base was placed on the Department of Defense closure list. Norton Air Force Base closed in 1994-1995 and
6208-455: The more excessive incidents of sexual abuse, but it did not stop. The two men did not get along and Serra soon made plans to move the mission across the peninsula to Carmel. Weekly rations for the soldiers consisted of two gallons of corn, a pound of beans, a pound of pinole , half a pound of panocha , and four pounds of meat. The meat, delivered in barrels from the galleon San Antonio , often proved too putrid to eat. Weevils infested some of
6305-413: The more timid ones left, giving very clear signs of their surprise and fear." On July 14, 1769, Fages set out from San Diego with a party of 74 men on the Portolá expedition to locate Monterey Bay . The party included Catalan volunteers, leather-jacketed soldiers, Christian Indians from Baja California, and friars Juan Crespí and Francisco Gómez, along with other military officers. During this time he
6402-604: The only Spanish expeditions ever to use the trail. Pedro Fages returned to Monterey in 1777, appointed Governor of the Californias, replacing Felipe de Neve . Monterey replaced Loreto as the capital of the Californias in that year, the Loreto military governorship being replaced by a presidio commander and a civil administrator. In 1804, Las Californias was officially split into Alta California and Baja California . During Fages' second tenure as governor, two missions were founded: Mission Santa Barbara (December 4, 1786) and La Purisima Mission (December 8, 1787). Reporting on
6499-409: The party during its return, informing Fages and Crespí of an emergency. The other Spanish colony, at San Diego, was suffering from severe food shortages. Crespí immediately set out with a pack train to deliver food, but this left Monterey also suffering. The Spaniards had not so far had much luck as hunters in California but, in desperation, Fages ordered that the soldiers set out in small parties to hunt
6596-417: The population dropped in the area, with a mild local economic recession occurring due to the closure in the area. The former Air Force Base is now the home of the San Bernardino International Airport and a variety of other business concerns also utilize the space. Jack Dangermond established Esri in 1969, a local software company. By the year 2000, he was the largest employer in Redlands. According to
6693-409: The population. There were 23,593 households, out of which 33.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.6% were married couples living together, 13.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.1% were non-families. 26.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.6 and
6790-542: The port and inland areas of San Diego, exploring especially today's Mission Valley . In his letter reporting to Gálvez, Fages observed of the local Kumeyaay Indians : "…They appear to be docile and alert. We have made very good friends with them and we are never lacking some little rabbits, hares, and fish that they bring to us. We give them some glass beads. But they value very highly any kind of cloth — no matter how poor it might be — since in exchange for some that I had, I received some furs and nets." Costansó, while branding
6887-442: The pregnant señora gobernadora , feigned ignorance of governor Fages' insistent requests. They referred the matter to Serra, who seconded their circumspect posture. So Eulalia's second child, María del Carmen, was born in San Francisco in August 1784. After Eulalia returned to Monterey from San Francisco, she kept pressing her husband to give up his career in California and return to Mexico. Fages wanted to stay on as governor. After
6984-428: The previous year, at San Lorenzo Creek in modern Hayward, on the eastern shore of the bay. From there, scouts ranged a few miles farther north, to a point where the view opened up, and they became the first Europeans to see the entrance to the great bay (although from the opposite side of the bay), a vantage on the slopes above the bay in modern Oakland . Fages set out north from Monterey again in 1772. The expedition
7081-549: The property was sold to Dr. Ben Barton in the late 1850s. The Redlands California Temple is the 116th operating temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and one of four LDS temples in Southern California. Other variety of religions have a presence in Redlands, including a number of other Christian faiths, also Judaism , and Islam . There is a Redlands Area Interfaith Council. Redlands has
7178-552: The ships of the Gaspar de Portolá-led expedition to found San Diego , California. Lieutenant Fages sailed from Guaymas to the Baja California port of La Paz . On January 9, 1769, he boarded the galleon San Carlos , captained by Vicente Vila and bound for San Diego. Also on board were Franciscan friar Fernando Parrón, engineer and cartographer Miguel Costansó , surgeon Pedro Prat, and 25 soldiers under Fages' command along with
7275-538: The site of the present Redlands is recorded to have erected a hut at the corner of what is now Cajon St. and Cypress Ave.; he was a sheep herder, and the year, 1865," reported Ira L. Swett in "Tractions of the Orange Empire." Lugonia attracted settlers including, Barry Roberts in 1869, followed a year later by the Craw and Glover families. "The first school teacher in Lugonia, George W. Beattie, arrived in 1874—shortly followed by
7372-476: The spring of 1784 Pedro and Eulalia, now pregnant, traveled north — Eulalia being carried in a litter — to San Francisco. There they met up with padre president Junípero Serra. Eulalia found the weather in San Francisco unpleasant and wanted to move to Santa Clara . Fages repeatedly asked the friars running mission Santa Clara to grant Eulalia hospitality there. The friars, feeling it improper for them to host
7469-415: The time Watchorn was an immigration commissioner at Ellis Island from 1905 to 1909. The current curator is Nathan Gonzalez. Norman Rockwell donated his painting to the memorial shrine in 1945. The Lincoln themed work entitled Thoughts on Peace on Lincoln’s Birthday , is displayed in the west wing of the museum. During boy scout week, since 1940, several local Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts troops march to
7566-483: The town's first negro settler, Israel Beal." In the 1880s, the arrival of the Southern Pacific and Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroads , connecting Southern California to San Francisco and Salt Lake triggered a land boom, with speculators such as John W. North flooding the area now known as the Inland Empire . North and others saw the area, with its hot, dry climate and ready access to water as an ideal center for citrus production. The city of Redlands
7663-464: Was $ 58,155, and the median income for a family was $ 76,254. Males had a median income of $ 64,408 versus $ 52,122 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 24,237. About 2.7% of families and 1.5% of the population were below the poverty line , including 8.5% of those under age 18 and 5.2% of those age 65 or over. The 2008 population estimated by the California Department of Finance
7760-433: Was 2.2%; the rental vacancy rate was 7.9%. 41,102 people (59.8% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 25,277 people (36.8%) lived in rental housing units. During 2009–2013, Redlands had a median household income of $ 66,835, with 12.5% of the population living below the federal poverty line. As of the census of 2000, there were 63,591 people, 23,593 households, and 16,019 families residing in
7857-661: Was 2.77. During 2017–2021, Redlands had a median household income of $ 87,184, with 8.7% of the population living below the federal poverty line. The 2010 United States Census reported that Redlands had a population of 68,747. The population density was 1,887.3 inhabitants per square mile (728.7/km ). The racial makeup of Redlands was 47,452 (69.0%) White (54.0% Non-Hispanic White), 3,564 (5.2%) African American , 625 (0.9%) Native American , 5,216 (7.6%) Asian , 235 (0.3%) Pacific Islander , 8,266 (12.0%) from other races , and 3,389 (4.9%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 20,810 persons (30.3%). There
7954-589: Was 71,807. According to the city's 2021 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report, the top employers in the city are: The city of Redlands owns and operates 24 public parks totaling more than 143 acres (0.58 km ): The Redlands Conservancy has established 10 city-approved trails: The Hillside Memorial Park Cemetery, established in 1886 as a private cemetery, was acquired by the city in 1918. Notable burials include actress Gloria Holden , television journalist Robert Pierpoint , author Charles Nordhoff . and merchant and diplomat, Henry L. Atherton . Redlands
8051-631: Was a Spanish soldier, explorer, and first lieutenant governor of the province of the Californias under Gaspar de Portolá . Fages claimed the governorship after Portolá's departure, acting as governor in opposition to the official governor Felipe de Barri , and later served officially as fifth (1782–91) governor of the Californias. Fages was born in Guissona , Spain. In 1762 he entered the light infantry in Catalonia and joined Spain's invasion of Portugal during
8148-526: Was accompanied again by friar Juan Crespí, who kept a daily journal. From his 1770 trail to the eastern shore of San Francisco Bay, Fages pushed on past his previous stopping point, seeing for himself the entrance to San Francisco Bay, now known as the Golden Gate . The party continued north along San Pablo Bay but was prevented from going farther north by the Carquinez Strait . Following the bay around to
8245-723: Was carried away during a flood in March 1938 and never replaced, the line being truncated there. The Southern Pacific branch line from the San Timoteo Canyon to Crafton was abandoned after the downtown packing house business died. A thru-truss bridge over the Zanja (locally pronounced "san-kee") exists today, abandoned in place. Burlington Northern Santa Fe , result of the AT&;SF - Burlington Northern merger, applied to abandon its San Bernardino-connected branch line east of downtown Redlands in 2007,
8342-554: Was established in 1819 on the feast day of Saint Bernardine . Part of an outpost of the Mission San Gabriel Arcángel located 56 miles from Los Angeles, CA., a days trip walking. This outpost, was used to convert local native Tongva , Serrano , and Cahuilla Native Americans to christianity. With Spanish colonization and the subsequent Mexican era, San Bernardino Valley was a sparsely populated land grant rancho, considering it unsuitable for an actual mission. The estancia
8439-565: Was incorporated on March 22, 1888, acquiring on June 5 a franchise from the San Bernardino County Supervisors dating to December 1887, conveying the right to construct, operate and maintain for a term of 50 years a line of street railways in Redlands, Terracina and vicinity. The initial operations began in June 1889 with a single-track line operating two-mule-team cars, the first street railway company of several to provide service to
8536-558: Was later sold to José del Carmen Lugo who made it his home in 1842. The Catholic presence remains with the Holy Name of Jesus Catholic Church. Jose del Carmen later sold his land grant of the San Bernardino Valley, including the estancia to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints members Amasa Lyman and Charles C. Rich , establishing a Mormon colony in nearby San Bernardino, CA. Mormon presence remains in Redlands after
8633-457: Was made governor of both Baja and Alta California (1770–75). But, since Monterey was far away, Fages had free rein to run Alta California as acting governor. Taking charge of constructing the Spanish presidio (fort) in Monterey, Fages imposed strict discipline on his soldier-laborers. He decided the amount of work they had to do in a certain time, harshly punishing soldiers caught resting or rolling
8730-609: Was merged with the Edison Electric Co., of Los Angeles, a forerunner of the Southern California Edison Co ." In the spring of 1882, Mr. E. J. Waite of Wisconsin planted the first orange grove in the city. For almost 75 years, the city was the center of the largest navel orange -producing region in the world. By the late 1930s, Redlands was a fruit-packing center surrounded by more than 15,000 acres (61 km ) of citrus groves. The city produced more than 4,200 railcars of navel oranges and 1,300 cars of Valencia oranges during
8827-496: Was part of Alta California , a Mexican federal province until 1848, when it became part of the United States after the Mexican-American War . By 1850, California as a US state was established. The area received its first Anglo inhabitants in the form of several hundred Mormon pioneers, who purchased the entire Rancho San Bernardino , founded nearby San Bernardino , and established a prosperous farming community watered by
8924-626: Was posted to Sonora to fight the Apaches , where he was promoted to lieutenant colonel. In 1781 he successfully quelled the Quechan (Yuma) Indian revolt and temporarily reopened the Colorado River crossing of the Anza trail at Yuma, Arizona . The Quechan successfully re-closed the trail for the next 50+ years after Fages and his troops departed, ensuring that the two journeys led by Juan Bautista de Anza were
9021-558: Was promoted to captain. Although the party failed to recognize Monterey Bay as they passed it, they explored all the way up the coast to San Francisco. The 74 men returned exhausted to San Diego on January 24, 1770, having had to slaughter and eat their mules on the return trek south. In the spring of 1770, Fages joined the second overland Portolá expedition from San Diego to Monterey , along with friar Juan Crespí , twelve Catalan volunteers, seven leather-jacketed soldiers, two muleteers , and five Baja Christian Indians — aiming to establish
9118-472: Was promoted to colonel in 1789, and resigned his governorship in 1791. Pedro Fages moved back to Mexico City , where he died in 1794. Fages married Eulalia Francesca Josepha Callis on June 3, 1780, in Mexico City. Born October 4, 1758, in Barcelona, Spain , Eulalia was a full generation younger than Pedro Fages. She journeyed to Mexico City with her mother and brother to join her father Agustín Callis, captain of
9215-512: Was soon established by Frank E. Brown, a civil engineer, and E. G. Judson, a New York stock broker, to provide a center (along with North's nearby settlement at Riverside ) for the burgeoning citrus industry. They named their city "Redlands" after the color of the adobe soil. So large had the area grown by 1888 that it was decided to incorporate. "A red-letter day in the Annals of Redlands," pronounced Scipio Craig, editor of The Citrograph newspaper, of
9312-528: Was the area, with the dramatic mountain backdrops, that for several years the Santa Fe Railroad operated excursion trains along the loop that passed through the orange groves of Redlands and Mentone , across the Santa Ana River , and back into San Bernardino via East Highlands, Highlands and Patton , and advertised as the "Kite Route" due to its multi-sided alignment. The trestle over "the Wash" north of Mentone
9409-432: Was the eastern terminus of the "Big Red Car" system. At its peak, PE operated five local routes in Redlands, with streetcars running to Smiley Heights and on Orange, Olive, and Citrus Avenues. Pacific Electric's interurban service to Redlands was abandoned on July 20, 1936, with 2.07 miles (3.33 km) of track into the city lifted, although PE and Southern Pacific (parent company of PE) provided freight service as far as
#863136