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46-598: Lezhin Comics is a webtoon portal that was founded by South Korean blogger Han Hee-sung in 2013. It is based in South Korea and its services are offered in Korean, Japanese and English. Han Hee-sung, a Korean blogger, launched Lezhin Comics in June 2013. By November 2014, it hosted over 400 webtoons and cartoons , making it South Korea's largest webtoon publisher as of 2014. The content

92-586: A Japanese Manga service while XOY was up until its demise in January 2019. Kakao has also had success in the Japanese market by offering both licensed manga and translated Korean webtoons with their service, Piccoma . This has been credited to the webtoon pay model that the service implements where some chapters are offered for free for a short period of time. Kakao Japan has announced that it will start offering original Japanese, Korean, and Chinese webtoons for Piccoma in

138-458: A disadvantages in the exposure and advertisements of their works as well as the confusion caused to writers after the sudden discontinuation of its web novel platform. Webtoon While webtoons were mostly unknown outside of South Korea during their inception, there has been a surge in popularity internationally thanks to the easy online accessibility and variety of free online comic content. Today, Webtoons make roughly $ 5.91 billion in just

184-469: A legal dispute over magnitude of the second installment between Ybrant and Daum. In 2018, a New York court ruled in favor of Daum and appointed Daum (by then merged with Kakao ) as receiver of Ybrant's 56% ownership interest in Lycos. In May 2012, Lycos announced the appointment of former employee Rob Balazy as CEO of Media division of Lycos. In September 2014, Ed Noel was appointed in place of Rob and manages

230-418: A quarter of all book sales in South Korea, while more than 3 million Korean users paid to access online manhwa and 10 million users read free webtoons. South Korea's first webtoon is Uninhabited Island ( Korean :  무인도 ; Hanja :  無人島 ; RR :  Muindo ) by Han Hee-jak in 1996. As of July 2014 , Naver had published 520 webtoons while Daum had published 434. Since

276-592: A resurgence and interest in the manhua industry as more content is consumed digitally. Almost all of the big webtoon portals in China are offered by the big internet companies in the country while in Taiwan the bigger webtoon publishers outside of the country like Comico , Toomics, and Webtoon are more popular since their services are available there. Webtoons in Japan were slow to catch on as well as in other countries mainly due to

322-438: A rise in the creation of original non-Asian webtoons thanks in part to sites like Tapas and the aforementioned WEBTOON offering the ability for anyone to submit their own work. In the beginning, many of the webtoons created outside of Asia tended to just be webcomics released in the webtoon format but over time, more artists have released more titles that are full-fledged comics rather than reformatted webcomics. To better serve

368-592: A scandal regarding their treatment of Gray ( 회색 ), the author of Records of the Cold Moon ( 월한강천록 ), who announced on Twitter at the end of her contract with Lezhin that she was forced to work on her webtoon, despite her reporting that she had cancer. In September 2017, the Korean Webtoon Authors Association posted a statement regarding problems in Lezhin's late penalty fee. The late penalty fee charged

414-710: A similar service called Cartoon Sesang two years later. By the year of 2002, based on the Cultural Industry Promoting Law, the predecessor of the Korea Creative Content Agency was established and started to support the manhwa and related industries as a whole. The Korean web portal Daum created a webtoon service known as Daum Webtoon in 2003 and was later followed by Naver with the launch of Naver Webtoon in 2004. These services regularly release webtoons that are available for free. According to David Welsh of Bloomberg , comics account for

460-582: Is based in Waltham, Massachusetts , and is a subsidiary of Ybrant Digital . The word "Lycos" is short for "Lycosidae", which is Latin for " wolf spider ". Lycos is a university spin-off that began in May 1994 as a research project by Michael Loren Mauldin of Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh . Lycos Inc. was formed with approximately US$ 2 million in venture capital funding from CMGI . Bob Davis became

506-524: Is created by professional and amateur cartoonists including 2013 Korea Content Awards winner Lee Jin-young (Yool Lee) and 2014 Today's Cartoon Award winner Yoo Ayoung. In April 2015, Lezhin Comics launched its services in Japan. It first started as a beta site, before an official website was opened in July. In December 2015, Lezhin Comics expanded its services to include English speaking regions. In May 2017, it became

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552-458: Is easier to read on a smartphone or computer ); some feature music and animations that play during each chapter; and unlike the majority of East Asian comics, they are usually in color instead of black-and-white since they are published digitally on a website or app rather than physically in a magazine. In the case of South Korea, there are also different censorship laws for materials published online than in print which has led to more manhwa that

598-445: Is erotic and sexually explicit being produced and published as webtoons. Like other online publications, there are a variety of payment models used for webtoons. Some offer a limited set of chapters for free and charge for the rest. Others allow only a certain number of chapters to be read per day without payment. Creators of webtoons can earn money from ads displayed on their series. Until 2019, amateur creators could earn money from

644-503: Is headquartered in Seoul with additional offices in Mumbai and Los Angeles . It mainly targets the 15-24 age group, especially females, and supports both Korean and Indian webtoon content creators. Popularity of digital comics is now encouraging Indian publishers such as Graphic India to launch their own service called Toonsutra in the market. In 2021, Kakao Entertainment was planning to enter

690-630: The Dong-a Ilbo for five years and sold 540,000 copies in paperback version. Naver 's Webtoon service, launched in 2014, is now the biggest webtoon platform in Korea. According to Naver, it reaches over 6.2 million daily users. The free WEBTOON translation service has allowed webtoons to form part of the global Korean Culture. They also collaborate with movies. Webtoon is also pursuing an international diversification strategy to grow its market in Asia and around

736-508: The Internet , usually formatted on a one-page layout. With the development of technology, authors were able to utilize flash animation effects. Enhanced preloading enabled later authors to adopt a vertical layout with scrolling. In contrast to comics with a dense panel composition, scrolling brings new panels into view. This makes webtoons suitable for gradual and continuous representation , allowing webtoon reading to become more fluid. With

782-488: The Webtoon service. The market for webtoons and their derivatives is currently valued at around KR₩420 billion (US$ 368 million). Although digital comics are increasingly popular, print publication remains the primary means of comic retail. Some publishers offer online content and print content simultaneously. Webtoons have been taken as source material by a number of different mediums, including film and television; one of

828-465: The CEO and first employee of the new company in 1995, and concentrated on building the company into an advertising-supported web portal , led by Bill Townsend, who served as Vice President, Advertising. Lycos enjoyed several years of growth during the 1990s and became the most visited online destination in the world in 1999, with a global presence in more than 40 countries. In April 1996, the company completed

874-580: The Indian market after its acquisition of Kross Komics in 2020. From Q3 2022, Kakao Entertainment will provide webtoon content and customer support for Kross Komics. Indonesia and Thailand have become big markets for the webtoon industry with both Naver (under WEBTOON) and Comico offering both original webtoons and fully translated titles. Some webtoons made in Indonesia and Thailand, such as Eggnoid and Teen Mom , have even been translated and published outside

920-465: The Summer of 2018. 2021 saw a great deal of tracking for webtoon in Japan with investment from traditional Japanese manga publishers like Shueisha and Shogakukan . CELSYS announced on that they will support webtoon in their CLIP STUDIO READER platform from February 2022. In India , webtoons have grown into popularity. With the global launch of LINE Webtoon by NAVER Corporation in 2014, it became

966-422: The U.S. alone. In the country, as digital manhwa have emerged as a popular medium, print publication of manhwa has decreased. The amount of material published in webtoon form has now reached an equal amount as that published offline. Webtoons usually feature a few of common traits: each episode is published on one long, vertical strip (making use of an infinite canvas rather than multiple pages so that it

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1012-496: The US market and increase the intellectual property value chain, Kakao Entertainment in 2022 merged with Radish Media and the aforementioned Tapas to form a single entity. Lycos Lycos, Inc. (stylized as LYCOS ), is a web search engine and web portal established in 1994, spun out of Carnegie Mellon University . Lycos also encompasses a network of email, web hosting, social networking, and entertainment websites. The company

1058-537: The USA, Germany, and France, printoonized manhwa (a portmanteau of "print" and "webtoon") are completely restructured to achieve dynamic storytelling akin to the best action mangas, moving away from the native vertical scrolling narration of webtoons. Thanks to printoonization, the manhwa Solo Leveling has sold over 900,000 copies of its first six volumes in France. Besides just the consumption of translated works, there has also been

1104-713: The Wild's , Noblesse , and Tower of God . In recent years, these webtoons have been gaining popularity in Western markets, rivalling Japanese manga . In the past, it was divided into two ratings: All (webtoon suitable for all ages) and 18 (No one under 18 is allowed to read this webtoon). From May 2019, the webtoon rating system was implemented. It is said that 10 platforms including Naver and Daum will participate. The ratings are expected to be △ All △ 12 years or older △ 15 years or older △ 19 years old (18 years old) or older. The earliest webtoons were scanned original comics uploaded onto

1150-547: The advent of the smartphone and tablet, webtoons have also migrated to new platforms such as apps. There have also been sounds introduced to imply further expressions and tones, as well as interactive motions to create excitement and bring attention to certain objects for the viewers. Prior to 2014, most webtoons were only available in English through unofficial fan translations . In July 2014, Naver subsidiary Line began publication of translations of popular webtoons to English via

1196-504: The artist up to 9% of their monthly income should they give their manuscript late by more than two days after the due date. In November 2017, Lezhin released a statement announcing that the late penalty would be discontinued by February 1, 2018, to allow a three-month period to negotiate contracts with the artists. In December 2017, an article reported a blacklist Lezhin had for their artists, which specifically excluded them from advertisements and promotional events. Lezhin responded by denying

1242-403: The company to rename to Lycos, Inc. During 2006, Lycos introduced several media services, including Lycos Phone which combined video chat, real-time video on demand, and an MP3 player. In November 2006, Lycos began to roll out applications centered on social media, including its video application, Lycos Cinema, that featured simultaneous watch and chat functionality. In February 2007, Lycos MIX

1288-466: The countries . Vietnam launched its first webtoon portal, Vinatoon, which offers translated titles from Daum Webtoon and Mr. Blue with the intention of opening up another market. Many webtoon publishers have had success in penetrating markets outside of Asia with the biggest successes being the United States and other English speaking countries. Lezhin Comics , Toomics , Manta , and WEBTOON are

1334-547: The credit that was given by their fans. The money that the pro and amateur creators receive depends on the page view. While there has been webcomics uploaded and hosted by individual creators since the mid-to-late 1990s, the advent of the webtoon model dates back to 2000, when Lycos Korea, the Korean version of the American search engine Lycos , launched the Manhwa Bang section in their portal site. Yahoo! Korea followed suit with

1380-457: The earliest examples of this was ' Tazza , a 2006 film based on the comic by Huh Young-man . This work was serialized in the Sports Chosun and garnered over 100 million homepage views, later being adapted into two films. ( Tazza: The High Rollers , Tazza: The Hidden Card ), and one television series ( Tazza (TV series) ). Another of Huh's works, Sikgaek ( Le Grand Chef ) , was published in

1426-528: The early 2010s, services such as Tappytoon and Spottoon have begun to officially translate webtoons into English while some Korean publishers like Lezhin Comics , Toomics, and TopToon have begun to self translate their works. Examples of popular webtoons that have been translated into English are Lookism , Untouchable , Yumi's Cells , The Sound of Heart , Tales of the Unusual  [ ko ] , The Gamer , The God of High School , Girls of

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1472-452: The existence of the blacklist. In January 2018, SBS reported a leaked email to exclude several works from the main page and any promotional works. In January 2018, Lezhin announced that their contracts with authors EunSong and Michii would be terminated on February 6. Both authors stated that they were informed not by Lezhin but by their social media accounts. Lezhin later stated that they would take legal action against EunSong and Michii for

1518-576: The fastest initial public offering from inception to offering in NASDAQ (LCOS) history, ending its first day with a market value of $ 300 million. It also became the first search engine to go public, before its big rivals Yahoo! and Excite . Lycos started offering e-mail services in October 1997, the same year it became one of the first profitable Internet businesses in the world. In 1998, Lycos acquired Tripod.com for $ 58 million in an attempt to "break into

1564-722: The first go to app that introduced webtoons in India. Kross Komics launched the first dedicated Indian webtoon portal in 2020 targeting domestic audience and offering 40 translated South Korean titles in English, Hindi and Telugu . It is also planning to introduce content from the Chinese and Japanese markets. After its official mobile app release on 7 December 2019, it was downloaded over 200,000 times on Google Play . As of July 2021, it registered 1.1 million monthly active uses and 3.5 million app downloads. Webtoon dramatization further helped increase readership. Kross Komics, founded in May 2019,

1610-609: The internet, ranking 8th in 1997, and peaking at 4th in both 1999 and 2001. On May 16, 2000, near the peak of the dot-com bubble , Lycos announced its intent to be acquired by Terra Networks , the Internet arm of the Spanish telecommunications giant Telefónica , for $ 12.5 billion. The acquisition price represented a return of nearly 3,000 times the company's initial venture capital investment and about 20 times its initial public offering valuation. The transaction closed in October 2000 and

1656-547: The largest shareholder in management agency UL Entertainment . In April 2019, it founded a drama and film production company Lezhin Studio. It is led by former Warner Bros. Pictures Korea and NEW executive Byun Sung-min. In February 2021, reports confirmed that KidariStudio, Inc. completed their acquisition of Lezhin Entertainment, Inc. for approximately KRW 130 billion on December 14, 2020. In September 2017, Lezhin faced

1702-553: The merged company was renamed Terra Lycos, although the Lycos brand continued to be used in the United States. Overseas, the company continued to be known as Terra Networks. Having been set back by the dot-com bubble burst, Lycos abandoned its own search crawler in late 2001, and started using FAST . In August 2004, Terra announced that it was selling Lycos to Seoul , South Korea –based Daum Communications Corporation, now Kakao , for $ 95.4 million in cash, less than 2% of Terra's initial multibillion-dollar investment. In October 2004,

1748-603: The only big publishers who translate their own titles rather than licensing them out. WEBTOON even offers the ability for fan translations to be offered in different languages. TopToon 's TopToonPlus service, launched in July 2021, was another global launch by a Korean webtoon company for their global fans. In its first month of service, it gained over 200,000 subscribers. Spottoon and Tappytoon offer translated licensed works from various publishers including KToon, Bomtoon, Foxtoon, and many more. Delitoon provides French translations of licensed works, mostly Korean titles. In

1794-480: The portal market". Lycos Europe was a joint venture between Lycos and the Bertelsmann transnational media corporation, but it has always been a distinct corporate entity. Although Lycos Europe remains the largest of Lycos's overseas ventures, several other Lycos subsidiaries also entered into joint venture agreements including Lycos Canada, Lycos Korea and Lycos Asia. Lycos was one of the most popular websites on

1840-477: The purchase of Wired Digital in 1998, was sold to Condé Nast Publications and re-merged with Wired Magazine . The Lycos Finance division, best known for Quote.com and RagingBull.com , was sold to FT Interactive Data Corporation in February 2006, while its online dating site, Matchmaker.com , was sold to Date.com. In 2006, Lycos regained ownership of the Lycos trademark from Carnegie Mellon University, allowing

1886-436: The spread of false rumors. On January 11, a protest was held in front of the Lezhin office for the legal action and treatment against the authors. A forum organized by the culture ministry was held late in the month to address the issue of abusive practices within the industry. In July 2018, Lezhin's CEO Hee-Sung Han officially acknowledged and apologized for the allegation that it created a blacklist of creators that gave them

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1932-418: The traditional manga industry still being the main way in which manga gets released and published. Even web manga , which have seen a recent rise in popularity, are often in black-and-white instead of color, as is common in their Korean and Chinese counterparts, despite being released digitally. Despite this, there have been some strides to penetrate the Japanese market and slowly more mangaka are trying out

1978-440: The transaction closed and the company name was changed back to Lycos. Under new ownership, Lycos began to refocus its strategy. The company moved away from being a search-centric portal and toward a community destination for broadband entertainment content. With a new management team in place, Lycos also began divesting properties that were not core to its new strategy. In July 2006, Wired News , which had been part of Lycos since

2024-480: The webtoon format to release their titles. Lezhin, Comico, Naver, Line, and Kakao offer webtoon portals with translated works for Japanese readers. Comico, one of the biggest webtoon publishers in the world, was created by the Japanese subsidiary of NHN Entertainment , NHN Japan . To date, there are only two webtoon portals that offer original Japanese webtoons, Comico and Naver (under the name XOY 2017–2018 to 2019). All XOY webtoons have been integrated onto Line Manga

2070-537: The world. As of September 2023, NAVER Webtoon had grown to 180 million monthly active users (MAUs) worldwide. The webtoon format has also expanded to other countries with many different distributors offering original and translated webtoons for users to read as well as offering platforms for anyone to upload their own webtoons. In mainland China and Taiwan , webtoons along with web manhua have seen an increase in production and popularity since they are rarely published and just like in South Korea, have resulted in

2116-632: Was launched, allowing users to pull video clips from YouTube , Google Video , Yahoo! Video and MySpace Video. Lycos MIX also allowed users to create playlists where other users could add video comments and chat in real-time. As part of a corporate restructuring to focus on mobile, social networks and location-based services , Daum sold Lycos for $ 36 million in August 2010 to Ybrant Digital , an Internet marketing company based in Hyderabad, India . Ybrant Digital paid $ 20 million at signing and there has been

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