Misplaced Pages

#213786

56-475: Leningrad Province may refer to: Leningrad Oblast , a federal subject of Russia Leningrad Governorate , an administrative division of the Soviet Union [REDACTED] Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles about distinct geographical locations with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change

112-532: A 2012 survey 55.1% of the population of Leningrad Oblast adheres to the Russian Orthodox Church , 4% are unaffiliated generic Christians , 1% are Muslims , 1% of the population adheres to the Slavic native faith (Rodnovery), 1% are Old Believers . In addition, 20% of the population declared to be " spiritual but not religious ", 8% is atheist , and 9.9% follows other religions or did not give an answer to

168-531: A power-sharing agreement with the federal government, granting it autonomy. This agreement would be abolished on 18 April 2002. Population : 2,000,997 ( 2021 Census ) ; 1,716,868 ( 2010 Census ) ; 1,669,205 ( 2002 Census ) ; 1,661,173 ( 1989 Soviet census ) . Vital statistics for 2022: Total fertility rate (2022): 0.87 children per woman Life expectancy (2021): Total — 70.17 years (male — 65.43, female — 74.94) Ethnic composition (2021) According to

224-592: A small part of the Estonian SSR to the east of the River Narva with the town of Jaanilinn (now Ivangorod) was transferred to the Russian SFSR and incorporated into Leningrad Oblast. Since then, the territory of Leningrad Oblast has not changed significantly, although some suburbs of Leningrad (now Saint Petersburg) have been excluded from the oblast and incorporated into the city. In October 1946 Leningrad gained from

280-412: A small territory of Novgorod Oblast . Uritsk was transferred from the oblast to the city of Leningrad in 1963, Krasnoye Selo and several settlements nearby—in 1973, Lomonosov —in 1978. After a referendum in 1991, the city of Leningrad was renamed back to Saint Petersburg, but Leningrad Oblast retained its name. On 13 June 1996, Leningrad Oblast, alongside Tver Oblast and Saint Petersburg , signed

336-554: Is a network of railways at the Karelian Isthmus , in particular, connecting Vyborg and Priozersk, as well as south of Saint-Petersburg. There also railway lines connecting Veymarn with Slantsy , Veymarn with Petergof via Sosnovy Bor , Mga with Sonkovo via Kirishi , Volkhov with Vologda via Tikhvin and Cherepovets , Volkhov with Chudovo , and Lodeynoye Pole with Sortavala via Olonets . Most of them support intensive passenger and cargo traffic. Paved roads well cover

392-817: Is a river in Maksatikhinsky , Bezhetsky , Lesnoy , and Sandovsky Districts of Tver Oblast , Pestovsky District in Novgorod Oblast , and Ustyuzhensky and Cherepovetsky Districts in Vologda Oblast Russia . It is a left tributary of the Volga . The lower course of the Mologa has been turned into the Rybinsk Reservoir . It is 456 kilometres (283 mi) long, and the area of its basin 29,700 square kilometres (11,500 sq mi). The principal tributaries of

448-432: Is also considerable. The territory has no endemic plant taxa. Vascular plant species of Leningrad Oblast listed in the red data book of Russia are Botrychium simplex , Cephalanthera rubra , Cypripedium calceolus , Epipogium aphyllum , Lobelia dortmanna , Myrica gale , Ophrys insectifera , Orchis militaris , Pulsatilla pratensis , Pulsatilla vernalis . The territory of present-day Leningrad Oblast

504-637: Is located around the Gulf of Finland and south of two great freshwater lakes, Lake Ladoga and Lake Onega . The oblast includes the Karelian Isthmus and some islands, including Gogland in the Gulf of Finland and Konevets in Lake Ladoga. Much of the area of the oblast belongs to the drainage basin of the Neva , which is the only outflow of Lake Ladoga. The Neva, which flows to the Gulf of Finland (the city of Saint Petersburg

560-548: Is located in its river delta ) is relatively short, but its drainage basin is very large, including Lake Onega and Lake Ilmen . The Svir and the Volkhov flow from Lake Onega and Lake Ilmen, respectively, to Lake Ladoga. Other major tributaries of Lake Ladoga include the Vuoksi and the Syas . Rivers in the western part of the oblast flow to the Gulf of Finland; the two biggest rivers there are

616-679: Is located within the federal city of Saint Petersburg . The oblast, particularly the areas adjacent to Saint Petersburg, is heavily industrialized. The major enterprises include the oil refinery in Kirishi, the Ford car assembly plant, Hyundai Russia assembly plant and the Rexam PLC Beverage Can Europe and Asia packaging plant in Vsevolozhsk, the paper mill in Syssstroy, and the paper mill and

SECTION 10

#1732868938214

672-680: Is no scheduled passenger navigation within the oblast, except for seasonal leisure river cruises from Saint-Petersburg. The Onega Canal , shared with Vologda Oblast, serves as a bypass of Lake Onega from the south. Similarly, the Ladoga Canal bypasses Lake Ladoga from the east, from the Svir to the Neva. It is a part of the Volga–Baltic Waterway . In contrast, the Tikhvinskaya water system , connecting

728-566: Is relatively flat and mostly covered with forest and swamps. An exception is the rocky Karelian Isthmus , which contains a lake district, as well as the Vepsian Upland in the east. The biggest lakes on the isthmus are Lake Vuoksa , Lake Sukhodolskoye , and Lake Otradnoye . Leningrad Oblast contains two federally protected natural areas, the Nizhnesvirsky Nature Reserve and Mshinskoye Boloto Zakaznik , both created to protect

784-586: The Karelian Isthmus again in the Moscow Armistice of September 19, 1944. This time the newly acquired territories on the isthmus were incorporated into the Leningrad Oblast ( Vyborgsky and Priozersky Districts ). In 1947 the territorial gains were confirmed with the Paris Peace Treaty . Novgorod and Pskov Oblasts were formed out of the southern parts of Leningrad Oblast in 1944. In January 1945

840-604: The Koporye Fortress , both built in the 14th century, and the Ivangorod Fortress , originally built in 1492, are excellent examples of Russian fortification art. Podporozhsky District contains the best samples of wooden ecclesiastical architecture in Leningrad Oblast, some of which are collectively referred to as Podporozhye Ring : The Resurrection Church in the settlement of Vazhiny , the Saint Nicholas Church in

896-660: The Legislative Assembly of Leningrad Oblast , which consists of 50 deputies elected by the region's inhabitants according to a mixed proportional-majority system for a term of 5 years. In 2016, the Legislative Assembly of the sixth convocation was formed, in which there are 4 factions: United Russia (40 deputies), A Just Russia (3 deputies), Communist Party of the Russian Federation (3 deputies), Liberal Democratic Party of Russia (4 deputies). The Chairman of

952-762: The Luga and the Narva , which forms the border of Russia and Estonia. Small areas in the east of the oblast lie within the river basin of the Chagodoshcha , a tributary of the Mologa , and of the Suda , both within the Volga basin. A ridgeline in Tikhvinsky District in the eastern oblast forms part of the divide between the Baltic Sea and Caspian Sea basins. The terrain of Leningrad Oblast

1008-609: The Moscow Peace Treaty in 1940 gained some territories, including the Karelian Isthmus . Their Karelian population was hastily evacuated to inner Finland and later replaced with people from other parts of the Soviet Union. A small part of the territory (the municipalities of Kanneljärvi , Koivisto and Rautu ) was incorporated into Leningrad Oblast, the rest being included within the Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic . In 1941, Germany invaded

1064-656: The Syas and the Mologa , which provided access from the Ladoga to the river basin of the Volga, is disused. The trans-border Saimaa Canal connects Lake Saimaa in Finland with the Gulf of Finland, has special status, and is occasionally used for passenger navigation. Ust-Luga , Vyborg , Vysotsk , and Primorsk are the major sea terminals on the Gulf of Finland. There is a number of airfields in Leningrad oblast that are now used only by

1120-809: The Upper Svir Hydroelectric Station and the Lower Svir Hydroelectric Station , both on the Svir River, and the Narva Hydroelectric Station on the Narva River. There are many science and high-tech institutions around Saint Petersburg, some of which are located in the oblast. For example, Gatchina is the site of the Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute  [ ru ] and Sosnovy Bor hosts

1176-546: The general aviation . Scheduled and international flights are available exclusively from Pulkovo airport in Saint-Petersburg. The Leningrad Nuclear Power Plant is located in the city of Sosnovy Bor . There are four major hydroelectric plants in the oblast. The Volkhov Hydroelectric Station , on the Volkhov River, was constructed in 1921 and became the first major hydropower station in the Soviet Union. The others are

SECTION 20

#1732868938214

1232-668: The Estonian border to Tallinn. R23 connects Saint Petersburg with Pskov; it is a part of the E95 . A114 runs to Vologda via Cherepovets. A paid motorway between Saint Petersburg and Moscow and the new A121 from Saint-Petersburg to Sortavala , around the Western coast of Ladoga are under construction. Roads are well served by bus traffic. The Luga , the Svir , the Volkhov , and the Neva are all navigable and heavily user for cargo transport, however, there

1288-408: The Legislative Assembly is Sergei Bebenin. In the period when they were the most important authority in the oblast (1927 to 1991), the following first secretaries were appointed, Since 1991, governors were sometimes appointed, and sometimes elected, Administratively , Leningrad Oblast is divided into seventeen districts and one town of oblast significance ( Sosnovy Bor ). In terms of area,

1344-718: The Mologa are the Osen (right), the Volchina (left), the Kobozha (left), the Chagodoshcha (left) and the Sit (it is now a tributary of the Rybinsk Reservoir). The towns of Bezhetsk , Pestovo , and Ustyuzhna , and the urban-type settlement of Maksatikha are on the banks of the Mologa River. The historic town of Mologa used to stand at the confluence of the Mologa river with the Volga, but it

1400-669: The Research Institute of Optical and Electronic Devices. Since prehistory, the Volkhov and the Neva Rivers were constituents of major trade routes, and archaeological sites dot their banks. Staraya Ladoga has many pre-1700 sites, including two of about a couple of dozens standing pre-Mongol churches in Russia. Both of them were built in the 1160s. The Oreshek Fortress in Shlisselburg and

1456-676: The Soviet Union in Operation Barbarossa , and shortly thereafter the territory became the site of the Battle of Leningrad . The Wehrmacht captured the southwestern part of the oblast and reached Tikhvin in the east, while Finnish troops quickly recaptured the ceded territories in the Continuation War , encircling Leningrad from the land. In 1944 Soviet offensives managed to expel the Wehrmacht and put military pressure on Finland, which ceded

1512-417: The advent of rail transport in the late 19th century, the areas in the vicinity of Saint Petersburg had been popular summer resort destinations ( dachas ) for its residents. However, while Saint Petersburg itself was populated mostly by Russians from the very beginning, it was not until the 20th century that its surrounding population was Russified. In 1914, with the beginning of World War I , Saint Petersburg

1568-599: The attack against the Red Army under Leon Trotsky ultimately failed, and Yudenich retreated. The border with Estonia was established in the Russian-Estonian Treaty of Tartu of 1920. Finland-backed Ingrian Finns of North Ingria attempted to secede in 1918–1920, but were incorporated back with the Russian-Finnish Treaty of Tartu , which settled the border between Finland and Soviet Russia. In 1924, Petrograd

1624-466: The capital of the Russian Empire . In 1708, most of the territory was organized into Ingermanland Governorate under Governor General Alexander Menshikov . It was renamed Saint Petersburg Governorate in 1710 (the borders of that governorate, however, differed very significantly from those of the present-day oblast and included much of the areas of current Novgorod, Pskov, and Vologda Oblasts). In 1721,

1680-652: The city. Some of them still stand and are listed as World Heritage sites, aggregated into the site of Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments . includes, among others, estates in Gostilitsy , Ropsha , and Taytsy . Localities in the Karelian Isthmus preserve some fine inter-war Finnish architecture. The best-known example is the Viipuri Municipal Library by Alvar Aalto . Mologa River The Mologa ( Russian : Моло́га )

1736-559: The forest and swamp landscapes of northwestern Russia. The most taxonomically diverse vascular plant families are Asteraceae , Cyperaceae , Poaceae and Rosaceae . By far the most diverse genus is Carex (68 species). The diversity in genera Hieracium (with Pilosella ), Ranunculus (with Batrachium ), Alchemilla , Galium , Potamogeton , Salix , Veronica , Viola , Juncus , Artemisia , Potentilla , Rumex , Festuca , Epilobium , Poa , Trifolium , Campanula , Vicia , Lathyrus , Geranium

Leningrad Province - Misplaced Pages Continue

1792-412: The largest administrative district is Podporozhsky (7,706 square kilometers (2,975 sq mi)), and the smallest is Lomonosovsky (1,919 square kilometers (741 sq mi)). Lomonosovsky District is the only district in Russia that has its administrative center (the town of Lomonosov ) located within a different federal subject . While the district is a part of Leningrad Oblast, Lomonosov

1848-443: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leningrad_Province&oldid=932961725 " Category : Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Leningrad Oblast The oblast was established on 1 August 1927, although it

1904-513: The local Orthodox population of Russian and Finnic ancestry massively fled from Ingria to neighbour Russian provinces, so Ingrian Finns soon became the dominant ethnic group. During the Great Northern War (1700–1721) the territory of what is now Leningrad Oblast was conquered from Sweden by Russia under Peter the Great , who founded Saint Petersburg amidst the land in 1703, which soon became

1960-615: The modern entity. Administratively, the oblast was divided into nine okrugs ( Borovichi , Cherepovets , Leningrad , Lodeynoye Pole , Luga , Murmansk , Novgorod , Pskov , and Velikiye Luki ), each of which was in turn subdivided into districts . In 1929, Velikiye Luki Okrug was transferred to newly formed Western Oblast . Leningrad was administratively separated from Leningrad Oblast in December 1931. In 1935 five southernmost districts were made part of Kalinin Oblast . In 1936 some parts of

2016-434: The oblast corresponded to the modern territories of the present-day Leningrad Oblast (with the exception of the Karelian Isthmus and the territories along the border with Estonia), Novgorod Oblast , Pskov Oblast , parts of Vologda Oblast , most of Murmansk Oblast , and the federal city of Saint Petersburg. The total area of the oblast was 360,400 square kilometres (139,200 sq mi); more than four times larger than

2072-491: The oblast some former Finnish territories along the northern coast of the Gulf of Finland divided into Sestroretsky District and Kurortny District , including the town of Terijoki . In 1953, Pavlovsky District of the oblast was abolished, and parts of its territory including Pavlovsk were made subordinate to Leningrad. In 1954 the settlements Levashovo , Pargolovo and Pesochny were also transferred to Leningrad. In 1956 Boksitogorsky District of Leningrad Oblast gained

2128-812: The plant producing oil platforms in Vyborg, and the Tikhvin industrial site in Tikhvin. The main agricultural specializations of the oblast are cattle breeding with meat and milk production and poultry production. The main agricultural lands are in the east and in the southwest of the oblast. Saint-Petersburg is a major railway hub, and all railways running to it cross also Leningrad Oblast. They connect Saint-Petersburg with Moscow ( Saint Petersburg – Moscow Railway ), Helsinki via Vyborg , Murmansk via Petrozavodsk , Sortavala via Priozersk , Tallinn via Kingisepp , Riga via Pskov , Vitebsk via Dno , and Veliky Novgorod . There

2184-462: The question. State power in the region is exercised on the basis of the Charter, which was adopted on 27 October 1994. The highest official of the region is the governor , who is elected for a term of five years. Since 28 May 2012, he has been Aleksandr Drozdenko . The executive power in the region is exercised by the administration, which includes: Legislative power in the region is exercised by

2240-585: The regime. Starting from the 1929, the Soviet authorities carried out mass deportations of the Ingrian Finnish population of the oblast, which constituted the majority in many rural localities as late as in the beginning of the 20th century, to the east, replacing them with people from other parts of the Soviet Union. On 30 November 1939, the Soviet Union waged the Winter War against neighbouring Finland and with

2296-620: The southeast of Vologda Oblast. The lower course of the Mologa, downstream of the mouth of the Chagodoshcha, belongs to Tikhvinskaya water system , one of the waterways constructed in the early 19th century to connect the river basins of the Volga and the Neva . Currently, it is not used for any commercial navigation. Until the 1990s, the Mologa was used for timber rafting , with the timber-collecting facilities in Pestovo. The river freezes up in late October through early December and stays under

Leningrad Province - Misplaced Pages Continue

2352-471: The territorial concessions of Sweden were confirmed with the Treaty of Nystad . The life of the countryside was greatly influenced by the vicinity of the imperial capital, which became a growing market for its agricultural production as well as the main consumer of its mineral and forest resources. In 1719–1810, Ladoga Canal was dug between the Svir River and the Neva River as part of the Volga-Baltic waterway to bypass stormy waters of Lake Ladoga . Since

2408-503: The territory is known as the historical region of Ingria (or the land of Izhora) and in the 17th century, after most of the present-day territory of Leningrad Oblast was captured by Sweden with the Treaty of Stolbovo of 1617, became subject to substantial Finnish Lutheran population influx from Finnish Karelia (which included Karelian Isthmus , the northwestern part of present-day Leningrad Oblast) and Savonia . Having faced religious pressure from Lutheran pastors and Swedish authorities,

2464-398: The territory of Leningrad Suburban District of Leningrad was returned to Leningrad Oblast and divided into Vsevolozhsky District , Krasnoselsky District , Pargolovsky District and Slutsky District (renamed Pavlovsky District in 1944). Vologda Oblast , which has included the easternmost districts of Leningrad Oblast (former Cherepovets Governorate), was created in 1937. Murmansk Oblast

2520-427: The territory was divided between the Kingdom of Sweden and Novgorod Republic (see Swedish-Novgorodian Wars ) and populated mostly by various Baltic Finns people such as Karelians (northwest), Izhorians and Votes (west), Vepsians (east), as well as Ilmen Slavs of Novgorod (south). During the Russo-Swedish Wars of the 15th-17th centuries, the border moved back and forth over the land. The central part of

2576-458: The town of Bezhetsk, and flows into Lake Verestovo . It flows out of the lake in the western direction, reenters Maksatikhinsky District, flows through the urban-type settlement of Maksatikha and turns north. A stretch of the Mologa forms the border between Maksatikhinsky and Lesnoy Districts. The river crosses over to Lesnoy District, crosses it, flows at the border between Lesnoy and Sandovsky districts and crosses into Novgorod Oblast. Downstream of

2632-431: The town of Pestovo, the Mologa turns northeast and enters Vologda Oblast. There, it flows through the town of Ustyuzhna, accepts from the left the Kobozha and the Chagodoshcha, sharply turns southeast and flows into the Rybinsk Reservoir. The river basin of the Mologa comprises vast areas in the north of Tver Oblast, in the east of Novgorod Oblast, in the southeast of Leningrad Oblast ( Boksitogorsky District ), as well as

2688-464: The village of Soginitsy , the Sts Peter and Paul Chapel in the village of Zaozerye , and the Saint Athanasy chapel in the village of Posad . The two other notable wooden churches are located in the villages of Gimreka and Shcheleyki close to the Onega Lakeshore. The center of Vyborg preserves many examples of medieval Swedish architecture, unique for Russia. After Saint Petersburg was founded in 1703, many estates and residences were founded around

2744-403: The west, as well as five federal subjects of Russia: the Republic of Karelia in the northeast, Vologda Oblast in the east, Novgorod Oblast in the south, Pskov Oblast in the southwest, and the federal city of Saint Petersburg in the west. The first governor of Leningrad Oblast was Vadim Gustov (in 1996–1998). The current governor, since 2012, is Aleksandr Drozdenko . Leningrad Oblast

2800-588: The western and the central parts of Leningrad Oblast. The M10 highway connects Saint Petersburg with Moscow via Veliky Novgorod in the south and with the Finnish border, continuing across the border to Helsinki, in the north. It is split between European routes E18 (Saint Petersburg to Finland) and E105 (Saint Petersburg to Moscow), and much of it within the oblast is built as a dual carriageway. R21 highway (also part of E105) runs from Saint Petersburg to Murmansk via Petrozavodsk, and A180 (part of E20 ) connects Saint Petersburg with Ivangorod and continues across

2856-425: Was not until 1946 that the oblast's borders had been mostly settled in their present position. The oblast was named after the city of Leningrad . In 1991, the city restored its original name, Saint Petersburg , but the oblast retains the name of Leningrad. It overlaps the historical region of Ingria , and is bordered by Finland ( Kymenlaakso and South Karelia ) in the northwest and Estonia ( Ida-Viru County ) in

SECTION 50

#1732868938214

2912-400: Was populated shortly after the end of the Weichselian glaciation and now hosts numerous archaeological remnants. The Volga trade route and trade route from the Varangians to the Greeks crossed the territory. Staraya Ladoga , the first capital of legendary Rurik , founded in the 8th-9th century, is situated in the east of the oblast, on the Volkhov River . In the 12th-15th centuries,

2968-443: Was renamed Leningrad, and Petrograd Governorate was again renamed accordingly (Leningrad Governorate). Leningrad Oblast was established on 1 August 1927, by the resolutions of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee "On the Establishment of Leningrad Oblast" and "On the Borders and Composition of the Okrugs of Leningrad Oblast" by merging Cherepovets , Leningrad, Murmansk , Novgorod , and Pskov Governorates . The territory of

3024-431: Was renamed Petrograd and the governorate was accordingly renamed Petrograd Governorate. After the Russian Revolution , in 1918, the capital was transferred from Petrograd to Moscow , farther from the borders of the country. In 1919, during the Russian Civil War , the Northwestern White Army advancing from Estonia and led by Nikolai Yudenich tried to capture Petrograd and even managed to reach its southern outskirts, but

3080-453: Was split from Leningrad Oblast in 1938. In the autumn of 1934, the Forbidden Border Zone along the western border of the Soviet Union was established, where nobody could appear without special permission issued by the NKVD . It was officially only 7.5 km deep initially, but along the Estonian border it extended to as much as 90 km. The zone was to be cleansed of Finnic and other peoples who were considered "politically unreliable" by

3136-451: Was submerged as the Rybinsk Reservoir was filled between 1939 and 1947. The town of Vesyegonsk was also previously on the banks of the Mologa, however, it was relocated when the Rybinsk Reservoir was filled, and is on the banks of the reservoir. The source of the Mologa is in the southeastern part of Maksatikhinsky District, in the eastern outskirts of Valdai Hills . The river flows east, enters Bezhetsky District, turns north, flows through

#213786