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21-513: The name is derived from the personal name Litult, Lutult, or Litolt. It was the founder of the village. Litultovice is located about 10 kilometres (6 mi) southwest of Opava and 35 km (22 mi) west of Ostrava . It lies in the Nízký Jeseník range. The highest point is at 455 m (1,493 ft) above sea level. The Hvozdnice River flows through the southern part of the municipal territory. The first written mention of Litultovice

42-477: A Neo-Renaissance house, built in 1908–1910 according to the design by Leopold Bauer . The Silesian Museum , founded in 1814, is the oldest public museum in the Czech Republic. It has about 2,400,000 exhibition items and is the third largest museum in the country. Opava is twinned with: Town privileges Town privileges or borough rights were important features of European towns during most of

63-645: Is from 1289. It was a part of the Moravian enclaves in Silesia owned by the bishops of Olomouc , who gave it to various nobles as a fief . A small fortress in the village was first mentioned in 1446. The most significant holders of the village were the Běrka of Násilé family (1451–1516), the Stoš of Kounice family (1516–1567) and the Bítovský of Bítov family (1580–1614). In 1582, Litultovice

84-601: Is located about 27 km (17 mi) northwest of Ostrava . Most of its territory lies in the Opava Hilly Land within the Silesian Lowlands , but it also extends to the Nízký Jeseník range in the southeast and northwest. The highest point of the municipal territory is Hůrka at 530 m (1,740 ft) above sea level. Opava is situated at the confluence of the Opava and Moravice rivers. The Opava River flows through

105-478: Is one of the historical centres of Silesia and was a historical capital of Czech Silesia . Opava is made up of eight self-governing boroughs in the suburbs and the central part that is directly administered. The city is further divided into 14 administrative parts (in brackets): The city is named after the Opava River . The name of the river arose from the old Celtic words apa , opa , i.e. 'water'. Opava

126-584: Is the Co-Cathedral of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary . It is the largest building in the Czech Republic built in the so-called Silesian Brick Gothic style. A solid prismatic tower was built in the late 13th century and a higher south tower was built in the early 14th century, both towers were originally intended as part of a city hall. The church building between the towers dates from the mid-14th century. In 1996,

147-468: The Austrian census of 1910, the town had 30,762 inhabitants, 29,587 of whom had permanent residence there. The census asked people for their native language, which showed that 27,240 (92%) were German-speaking, 2,039 (6.9%) were Czech-speaking and 274 (0.9%) were Polish-speaking. Jews were not allowed to declare Yiddish , and most of them thus declared German as their native language. The main religious group

168-557: The Soviet Red Army at the cost of enormous war damage. In 1945–1946, the German population was expelled under terms of Beneš decrees and the city was resettled with Czechs. On 1 January 1946, the municipalities of Jaktař, Kateřinky and Kylešovice were joined to Opava. After the war, entire new residential areas and industrial plants were built. While the Duchy of Opava has ceased to exist,

189-647: The church became the second Episcopal church of the Ostrava-Opava diocese , and therefore a co-cathedral. With 102 metres (335 ft), the southern church tower is the highest tower in Silesia. There are three monuments, protected as national cultural monuments of the Czech Republic . Besides the co-cathedral, there is the Chapel of the Holy Cross, which dates from 1394, and the Petr Bezruč City House of Culture;

210-508: The city centre. Stříbrné Lake is an artificial lake on the outskirts of the city created by the flooding of the former gypsum quarry. It is used for recreational purposes. The first written mention of Opava is from 1195. In 1224, Opava received town privileges . After the Duchy of Troppau was established, Opava became its capital. In 1427–1431, the duchy was ruled by the Hussites . In 1485, it

231-645: The complete technical equipment has been preserved. Among the main landmarks of Litultovice is the Church of Saint Bartholomew. It was built in 1844–1847. Opava Opava ( Czech pronunciation: [ˈopava] ; German : Troppau , Polish : Opawa ) is a city in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic . It has about 56,000 inhabitants. It lies on the Opava River. Opava

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252-588: The hospital and the psychiatric hospital. Opava is an important cultural centre of Opavian Silesia . The Silesian Theatre in Opava was founded in 1805. Opava is home to the Silesian University , the only public university in the country not situated in a regional capital. It was established in 1991. The city's football club SFC Opava currently plays in the Czech National Football League ,

273-546: The municipality. Litultovice is located on the railway line Opava– Svobodné Heřmanice , but trains run on it only on weekends and holidays during the summer season. The most important monument is the Litultovice Castle. It is formed by two buildings called Starý zámek (Old Castle) and Nový zámek (New Castle). The Old Castle was built in the Renaissance style before 1579, on the site of an old fortress. It has preserved

294-400: The original interior painting from the years 1580–1600. The New Castle is a Baroque building from the 18th century. Today the castle houses the municipal office and a library. Next to the castle is a park. A cultural monument is the wooden Choltice windmill from 1833. It was originally built in nearby Sádek . In 1878, it was transferred to its present location. The mill operated until 1953 and

315-485: The second millennium. The city law customary in Central Europe probably dates back to Italian models, which in turn were oriented towards the traditions of the self-administration of Roman cities. Judicially, a borough (or burgh ) was distinguished from the countryside by means of a charter from the ruling monarch that defined its privileges and laws . Common privileges involved trade (marketplace,

336-570: The second tier of the Czech football league system. One of the two main landmarks of Opava is the city hall on the Horní Square and its white tower, known as Hláska. A one-storey city hall and the tower were built in 1614–1618. However, the less representative town hall building around the tower was demolished in 1902 and replaced with a new one in the Neo-Renaissance style. The second main landmark

357-464: The storing of goods, etc.) and the establishment of guilds . Some of these privileges were permanent and could imply that the town obtained the right to be called a borough , hence the term "borough rights" ( German : Stadtrecht ; Dutch : stadsrechten ). Some degree of self-government , representation by diet , and tax-relief could also be granted. Multiple tiers existed; for example, in Sweden ,

378-413: The title of Duke of Troppau continues, with Hans-Adam II, Prince of Liechtenstein being the current incumbent. Opava is home especially to the engineering, food, paper and pharmaceutical industries. The largest company is Teva Czech Industries , a manufacturer of medicinal products, whose predecessor was founded in Opava in 1883. It employs about 1,600 people. The largest non-industrial employers are

399-504: Was Roman Catholics with 28,379 (92.2%), followed by Protestants with 1,155 (3.7%) and Jews with 1,112 (3.6%). After the defeat of Austria-Hungary in World War I , Opava became part of Czechoslovakia in 1919. In 1938, Opava was ceded to Nazi Germany as a result of the Munich agreement . It was administered as a part of Reichsgau Sudetenland . On 22 April 1945, Opava was liberated by

420-821: Was acquired by Matthias Corvinus and ruled by the Hungarians until 1526. In 1613, Karl I of Liechtenstein became Duke of Opava and merged the duchy with the Duchy of Krnov . After the majority of Silesia was annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia during the War of the Austrian Succession after 1740, the remaining Silesian territory still under the control of the Habsburg monarchy became known as Austrian Silesia , with its capital in Opava (1742–1918). The Congress of Troppau took place here from 24 October to 23 December 1820. According to

441-524: Was destroyed by a fire and only the fortress survived. The fortress was replaced by a new castle in 1609. In 1792, Litultovice was bought from the Olomouc bishops by the Putz of Rolsberg family. In 1887, Litultovice was promoted to a market town . The hamlet of Choltice (today an integral part of Litultovice) was founded in 1846 and annexed to Litultovice in 1949. The I/46 road from Olomouc to Opava passes through

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