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65-442: During winters with normal rainfall, the lake used to be filled by diversion from San Francisquito Creek to a three-meter depth along with artificial water level maintenance, allowing recreational use by students. However, the lake has not been artificially filled since the late 1990s, due to problems either with the lake's damming walls or with conservation efforts. The diversion dam on San Francisquito Creek that had been used to fill

130-691: A California Native American called Sebastian Tarabal who had fled from Mission San Gabriel to Sonora, and took him as guide. The expedition took a southern route along the Rio Altar ( Sonora y Sinaloa , New Spain), then paralleled the present-day Mexico–California border, crossing the Colorado River at its confluence with the Gila River . This was in the domain of the Yuma tribe, with which he established good relations. Anza reached Mission San Gabriel Arcángel , near

195-537: A buffer against Russian colonization of the Americas advancing from the north, and possibly establish a harbor that would give shelter to Spanish ships. The expedition got under way on October 23, 1775, and arrived at Mission San Gabriel Arcángel in January 1776, the colonists having suffered greatly from the winter weather en route. The expedition continued on to Monterey with the colonists. Having fulfilled his mission from

260-592: A cross near the giant creekside redwood they called " El Palo Alto ", to mark the site of a proposed mission (later changed to Mission Santa Clara ). The colonizing of the Peninsula began after the 1776 expedition of Juan Bautista De Anza left Monterey on the first overland expedition to San Francisco Bay, and passed across the creek on its way to establishing Mission Dolores and the Presidio of San Francisco in 1776. Although de Anza discovered Padre Palou's 1774 wooden cross,

325-573: A highly natural state. There is a steelhead trout specimen in the California Academy of Sciences that was collected by Edward Z. Hughes in the 1890s. The first President of Stanford University, David Starr Jordan , included a rendering of a "sea-run rainbow trout from San Francisquito Creek" in the Pacific Monthly in 1906. Bear Creek and Los Trancos Creek and their respective tributaries support an observable spawning steelhead population that

390-475: A massively steep staircase. After leasing the lake for recreational use for 50 years, the Stanford Board of Trustees closed public access to Searsville Lake in 1977. The reservoir has lost over 90% of its original water storage capacity as roughly 1.5 × 10 cubic yards (1.1 × 10  m ) of sediment has filled it in. Searsville Dam does not provide potable water, flood control, or hydropower. Although removal of

455-565: A permanent overland route from Sonora to Alta California were thwarted in 1781, when a revolt of the Yumas tribe closed the trail at the Yuma Crossing of the Colorado River. The route was not reopened until the late 1820s, and the only regular travel to Alta California during the intervening years was by sea. On his return from this successful expedition in 1777 he journeyed to Mexico City with

520-729: A raid in Nuevo México, and won a decisive victory. Chief Cuerno Verde , for whom Greenhorn Creek is named, and many other leaders of the Comanche were killed. In late 1779, Anza and his party found a route from Santa Fe to Sonora, west of the El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro . His various local military expeditions against tribes defending their homelands were often successful, but the Quechan (Yuma) Native American tribe which he had established peace with earlier rebelled, and he fell out of favor with

585-602: A systematic study of 1,400 plus dams in California identified Searsville Dam as a high-priority candidate to improve environmental flows for native fish conservation. In 2015, Stanford University announced plans to eliminate the Searsville Dam as a fish passage barrier by either boring a hole through the base of the dam or allowing the Searsville Reservoir to continue filling with silt and re-route Corte Madera Creek around

650-402: Is Los Trancos Creek , which joins from the left (heading downstream) just north of I-280 . The creek runs for a length described by different authorities as from 13 to 22 kilometers (8.1 to 13.7 mi), most recently 12.5 miles (20.1 km), and after exiting the foothills near Junipero Serra Boulevard and Alpine Road, runs in an incised channel in a broad alluvial fan, before draining into

715-408: Is constructing a steel-stake & plastic-mesh fence around the dry lake. This may isolate & impede native wildlife including jack-rabbits (common hare), cottontail rabbits, voles, ground squirrels, tree squirrels, moles, coyotes and other endemic species. The lake provides a site for recreation, and functions as a holding basin for flood control. It also offers habitat for animals. Adjacent to

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780-560: Is credited as one of the founding fathers of Spanish California and served as an official within New Spain as Governor of the province of New Mexico . Juan Bautista de Anza Bezerra Nieto was born in Fronteras , New Navarre , New Spain (today Sonora , Mexico ) in 1736 (near Arizpe ), most probably at Cuquiarachi, Sonora, but possibly at the Presidio of Fronteras. His family was a part of

845-602: Is inhibited by seasonal drying and passage impediments. The Jasper Ridge Road Crossing also presented a significant barrier to fish passage. Stanford has removed two of these barriers, the Lagunitas Diversion Dam was removed in 2018 and the Jasper Ridge Road Crossing, which is now a bridge instead of a weir. Stanford installed Los Trancos Creek Diversion Dam in 1929, to divert stream flows to its Felt Lake water storage reservoir. The dam, located just below

910-659: Is located 1 ⁄ 3 mile (0.54 km) downstream of the mouth of Los Trancos Creek but stopped diverting water to fill the artificial lake when the San Francisquito Creek Pump Station ( 2 ⁄ 3 mile (1.1 km) further downstream) took over this task in 1998. A fish ladder was constructed on the Lake Lagunita Diversion Dam in 1954, however despite re-modification it remained impassable in low rainfall years. In 2014 Our Children's Earth Foundation sued Stanford for allegedly violating

975-1120: Is located in Riverside, California at the corner of Magnolia Ave. and 14th Street, and another statue stands in Lake Merced park, San Francisco . A 10-foot-high (3 m) portrait of de Anza by Albert Herter in 1929 hangs in the History Room of the Los Angeles Central Library. The de Anza and De Anza spellings are also the namesake of streets, schools, and buildings in his honor including: De Anza Boulevards in San Mateo and Cupertino , De Anza Park in Sunnyvale , De Anza College in Cupertino, De Anza High School in Richmond , Juan Bautista De Anza elementary school in San Jacinto, Juan De Anza K-5 in

1040-537: Is located upstream of the San Francisquito Creek mainstem (which is formed by the confluence of Bear Creek and Corte Madera Creek) and blocks its largest tributary, Corte Madera Creek. A May 2002 steelhead trout migration study reported Searsville Dam as a complete barrier to salmonid migration, and that elimination of the Searsville dam could restore ten miles (16 km) of anadromous steelhead habitat. In 2014

1105-769: Is located within the village of Borrego Springs, California , which is entirely surrounded by the park. A building named the Juan de Anza House in San Juan Bautista, California is a National Historic Landmark . However, it was constructed c. 1830 with its connection unclear. The Juan Bautista de Anza Community Park is in Calabasas, California , and De Anza Park and the De Anza Community and Teen Center are in Ontario , California. A 20-foot (6.1 m) statue of Anza, sculpted in 1939,

1170-632: Is now Arizona . The Spanish began colonizing Alta California with the Portolá expedition of 1769–1770. The two-pronged Portolá effort involved both a long sea voyage against prevailing winds and the California Current , and a difficult land route from Baja California. Colonies were established at San Diego and Monterey , with a presidio and Franciscan mission at each location. A more direct land route and further colonization were desired, especially at present-day San Francisco , which Portolá saw but

1235-470: Is threatened by the effects of urbanization. Above the watershed's several dams native resident rainbow trout, a form of landlocked steelhead trout, persist as well. Several lines of evidence support the historical presence of coho salmon ( Oncorhynchus kisutch ) in San Francisquito Creek. Archaeological remains of unspecified salmonids ("possibly coho") were reported by Gobalet in the creek. Leidy concluded that coho salmon were likely present and cited that

1300-556: The Filoli estate in Woodside, and along San Francisquito Creek. In 1769, the Spanish exploration party led by Don Gaspar de Portolà camped by the creek for five nights, November 6–11, after their momentous discovery of San Francisco Bay . The Franciscan missionary Juan Crespí , a member of the expedition, noted in his diary that, "The commander decided that we should stop in this valley while

1365-972: The Guadalupe River watershed in the 1930s and 1940s. He said that the Guadalupe River also had runs of chinook salmon ( Oncorhynchus tshawytscha ) that were very large in wet years." Thirdly, Dennis L. Bark, a senior fellow at the Hoover Institution , recalls playing on San Francisquito Creek around 1947: "Salmon swam up it, and in winter it was a dangerous place." The historical range of coho salmon overlapped geographically with San Francisquito Creek. Coho salmon were historically present in other San Francisco Bay streams south of San Francisco, as evidence by museum specimens from San Mateo Creek and photographic evidence of coho runs in Alameda Creek . The southern limit of coho salmon in coastal California streams

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1430-666: The San Gabriel Valley the trail is in the Puente Hills just north of Whittier, California . Also named for Anza is Anza-Borrego Desert State Park , located mostly in eastern San Diego County , California. The park contains a long and difficult stretch of the Anza trail, traveling west from the Imperial Valley to the coastal mountain passes northeast of San Diego . The de Anza Country Club and its 18-hole championship Golf course

1495-623: The San Luis Valley , entering the Great Plains at what is now Manitou Springs, Colorado . Circling "El Capitan" (current day Pikes Peak), he surprised a small force of the Comanche near present-day Colorado Springs . Pursuing them south down Fountain Creek , he crossed the Arkansas River near present-day Pueblo, Colorado . He found the main body of the Comanche on Greenhorn Creek, returning from

1560-571: The Bay south of the Dumbarton Bridge and north of the Palo Alto Flood Basin. Its watershed is about 110 square kilometers (42 sq mi) in extent, including areas of San Mateo and Santa Clara counties. In one stretch it forms the boundary between the city of Palo Alto and the cities of East Palo Alto and Menlo Park , and thus between San Mateo and Santa Clara counties, reflecting

1625-563: The California coast, on March 22, 1774, and Monterey, California , Alta California's future capital (Alta California split from Las Californias 1804, creating Baja and Alta), on April 19. He returned to Tubac by late May 1774. This expedition was closely watched by Viceroy and King, and on October 2, 1774, Anza was promoted to the rank of lieutenant-colonel , and ordered to lead a group of colonists to Alta California. The Spanish were desirous of reinforcing their presence in Alta California as

1690-479: The Endangered Species Act, saying the dams obstruct steelhead trout from swimming upstream to freshwater habitats necessary in the early stages of their life cycle. They also registered concern about the Jasper Ridge Road Crossing as another barrier to fish passage. The Jasper Ridge Road Crossing was a concrete weir (low dam) built along a dirt road that crosses San Francisquito Creek shortly downstream from

1755-724: The JPA are the city councils of Palo Alto, Menlo Park and East Palo Alto, the Santa Clara Valley Water District , and the San Mateo County Flood Control District . Juan Bautista De Anza Juan Bautista de Anza Bezerra Nieto (July 6 or 7, 1736 – December 19, 1788) was an expeditionary leader, military officer, and politician primarily in California and New Mexico under the Spanish Empire . He

1820-497: The Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve there are isolated second-generation stands of coast redwood. Other common woody species along the creek banks include the yellow-flowering box elder, big-leaved maple, willows of several species, white alder, California bay and California hazelnut. In normal winters the creek runs sluggishly in a deep arroyo ; in summer it is usually dry. However, it is capable of flooding, and

1885-622: The San Francisquito Creek watershed. Several of these dams were constructed to divert stream flows to Stanford's reservoirs, the Lagunita Diversion Dam diverted flows to Lake Lagunita , Searsville Reservoir Dam which diverts minor flows for the Stanford Golf Course, and the Los Trancos Creek Diversion Dam which diverts water to Felt Reservoir. A genetics study of San Francisquito Creek steelhead in 1996 found that

1950-597: The Viceroy, he continued north with the priest Pedro Font and a party of twelve others, following an inland route to the San Francisco Bay established in 1770 by Pedro Fages . On the way, he led a raid on Apache settlements near Presidio San Ignacio de Tubac , capturing forty Apaches. The soldiers divided the captives among them as slaves; Anza kept the fifteen female captives and their newborns as his share. In Anza's diary on March 25, 1776, he states that he "arrived at

2015-1038: The Wiseburn Elementary School District of Hawthorne , De Anza Middle School in Ontario , De Anza Middle School in Ventura , De Anza Elementary School in El Centro , and the De Anza School in Baldwin Park, the landmark De Anza Hotel in San Jose , and the historic De Anza Hotel in Calexico —all in California . Using just Anza in his honor are: Anza Vista Avenue within the Anza Vista neighborhood of San Francisco, Anza Street in that city's Richmond District , Lake Anza in Tilden Regional Park above Berkeley in

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2080-477: The army at the Presidio of Fronteras. He advanced rapidly and had become a captain by 1760. He married in 1761. His wife was Ana María Pérez Serrano (b. January 1744/45, d. date unknown), the daughter of Spanish mine owner Francisco Pérez Serrano. They had no children. His military duties mainly consisted of hostile forays against Native Americans , such as the Apache , during the course of which he explored much of what

2145-468: The arroyo of San Joseph Cupertino (now Stevens Creek ), which is useful only for travelers. Here we halted for the night, having come eight leagues in seven and a half hours. From this place we have seen at our right the estuary which runs from the port of San Francisco." Pressing on, Anza located the sites for the Presidio of San Francisco and Mission San Francisco de Asis in present-day San Francisco, California on March 28, 1776. He did not establish

2210-583: The boundary between San Mateo and Santa Clara counties. The original inhabitants of the area were the Ohlone people , called by the Spaniards "Costanoans", or Coast-dwellers (from Spanish costeño meaning 'coast dweller'). These local residents lived off the land, gathering nuts, berries and fish from both the ocean and the bay. Because of the abundance of food there was no need for them to practice agriculture. Evidences of their civilization are still being unearthed on

2275-745: The chief of the lower Colorado River area Quechan (Yuma) Native American tribe who requested the establishment of a mission. On August 24, 1777, the Viceroy of New Spain appointed Anza as the Governor of the Province of Nuevo México , the present-day U.S. state of New Mexico . Governor Anza led a punitive expedition against the Comanche group of Native Americans, who had been repeatedly raiding Taos during 1779. With his Ute and Apache Native American allies, and around 800 Spanish soldiers, Anza went north through

2340-516: The confluence of Bear Creek and Corte Madera Creek just below Searsville Lake in the Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve on lands purchased by Stanford University in 1892. The lake is formed by Searsville Dam , which was built in 1892, one year after the founding of the university itself. The 65-foot-tall (20 m) and 275-foot-wide (84 m) Searsville Dam consists of a series of interlocking concrete boulders that resemble

2405-509: The confluence of Corte Madera and Bear Creeks. The Jasper Ridge Road Crossing blocked the passage of steelhead upstream and downstream during lower flow conditions that begin in the spring and prevent smolt outmigration in late spring, as well as immigration of spawning adults in dry winters. In 2015 Stanford denied that the court had ordered them to remove the Lagunitas Diversion Dam and maintained that it had been planning to remove that dam since its 2010 Habitat Conservation Plan and had initiated

2470-458: The creek eastwards away from the residential area. In addition, Stanford replaced the Jasper Ridge Road Crossing weir with a bridge, opening 6.6 miles (10.6 km) of unimpeded access to the Bear Creek mainstem, and its tributaries such as West Union Creek , to salmonid spawning runs. The one remaining complete barrier to salmonid spawning runs on Stanford lands is Searsville Dam. Searsville Dam

2535-538: The creek's summer flow was deemed too low to support a mission. The headwaters of the San Francisquito watershed are in the Santa Cruz Mountains above Menlo Park , around 667 meters (2,188 ft) above the Bay. The upper watershed consists of at least 22 named creeks. Including the upper reaches, the total watershed drains an area of 45 square miles (120 km ). The creek mainstem originates at

2600-523: The dam would double available spawning habitat on this important steelhead trout stream, Stanford's Jasper Ridge Advisory Committee in 2007 recommended that the dam not be removed and the lake dredged to maintain open water. Stanford University uses water from the lake to irrigate its golf course and other athletic facilities on its campus. Anti-dam proponents point to a growing trend in habitat restoration nationally with over 500 dams removed in recent years. The first major tributary to San Francisquito Creek

2665-616: The dam. Partial barriers to salmonid spawning runs on the San Francisquito Creek mainstem include the USGS stream gage weir and the Stanford's San Francisquito Creek Pump Station two weirs, all located between Junipero Boulevard and Stowe Lane along Alpine Road. Other threatened species include two riparian fauna: the threatened California red-legged frog ( Rana draytonii ) and the western pond turtle ( Actinemys marmorata ). Recently, gray foxes ( Urocyon cinereoargenteus ) have been documented near

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2730-532: The engineering and hydrology work to prepare for removal. In December 2017 Stanford received a $ 1.2 million ecosystem and watershed restoration grant from the California Department of Fish and Wildlife which covered 30% of the costs of dam removal and riparian restoration. By late 2018 Stanford removed the 119-year-old Lagunita Diversion Dam and restored 480 feet (150 m) of the creek, improving fish passage with pools, shallows and native plants, and moved

2795-409: The explorers went out again to acquire certain information...They were given four days to be gone". When the scouts returned, the expedition leaders met and decided to turn around and return to Monterey Bay (the original goal), which they had passed but failed to recognize as the place described by earlier maritime explorers. In 1774 Father Francisco Palou , on Captain Rivera 's expedition, erected

2860-452: The fact that it was originally used as the boundary between the lands of the Spanish Missions at San Francisco and Santa Clara . The tree from which Palo Alto takes its name, El Palo Alto , stands on the banks of the creek. In 1857, the United States Coast Survey (USCS) identified 1,142 acres (462 ha) of tidal marsh at the mouth of the creek. There were also two large [63-and-118-acre (25 and 48 ha)] willow groves adjacent to

2925-462: The fish are native and not of hatchery stock. In 2006, an Aquatic Habitat Assessment and Limiting Factors Analysis commissioned by the Santa Clara Valley Water District concluded that the key factor limiting smolt production within the study area (San Francisquito Creek mainstem and Los Trancos Creek ) and potentially throughout the watershed, is a lack of suitable winter refuge in deep pools and large woody debris. Secondly, outgoing salmonid migration

2990-484: The intersection of Arastradero and Alpine Roads, blocks access of upmigrating steelhead trout to over 3 miles (4.8 km) of pristine upstream spawning grounds. In 2009, Stanford University completed construction of a new fish screen and ladder as the previous fish ladder was an "Alaska Steep Pass" designed for much higher flows. Anadromous steelhead trout now access the upper Los Trancos Creek watershed above Rossotti's Alpine Inn Beer Garden. The Lagunita Diversion dam

3055-460: The lake is a 0.9-mile (1.4 km) perimeter trail, which is open for jogging or walking. Many dormitory residences , row houses, and several fraternities are located near the lake, including the Lagunita residences, Roble Hall , Enchanted Broccoli Forest (EBF), Narnia, Kappa Alpha, and Jerry. Amphibians : Birds : San Francisquito Creek San Francisquito Creek (Spanish for "Little San Francisco"—the "little" referring to size of

3120-410: The lake was removed in 2019. As the lake is no longer permanently filled, it serves as a drainage basin and contains vernal pools throughout the winter and spring months. It is during this time that it serves as a vital breeding ground for endemic amphibians, rabbits, jack-rabbits, and ground squirrels. The lake was filled from the heavy rains of January 2023. As of May 2020, Stanford University

3185-505: The military commander of the Northern Frontier, the frontier-general. In 1783 Anza led a campaign against the Comanche on the eastern plains and by 1784 they were suing for peace. The last of the Comanche chiefs eventually acceded and a formal treaty was concluded on 28 February 1786 at Pecos Pueblo . This paved the way for traders and the development of the Comanchero trade. Juan Bautista de Anza remained as governor of Nuevo Mexico (New Mexico) until 1787 when he returned to Sonora . He

3250-416: The military leadership in Nueva España , as his father and maternal grandfather, Captain Antonio Bezerra Nieto, had both served Spain, their families living on the frontier of Nueva Navarra. He was the son of Juan Bautista de Anza I . It is traditionally thought that he may have been educated at the College of San Ildefonso in Mexico City , and later at the military academy there. In 1752 he enlisted in

3315-494: The most suitable habitat for coho salmon was in perennial, well shaded reaches of mainstem San Francisquito Creek, and several small, perennial tributaries including Los Trancos , Corte Madera , Bear , and West Union creeks. In addition, three independent oral history sources indicate that coho salmon were abundant in the creek through the first half of the twentieth century. According to local historian Dorothy Regnery's notes from her 1966 interview with Edgar H. Batchelder, who

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3380-413: The most viable remaining anadromous steelhead ( Oncorhynchus mykiss irideus ) population in southern San Francisco Bay streams. Because the San Francisquito Creek mainstem (and its Los Trancos Creek tributary) forms the boundary of Santa Clara County and San Mateo County, the respective county water districts were unable to agree historically on paying to channelize and concretize the creek, leaving it in

3445-410: The mouth of San Francisquito Creek (see photo) and on the Palo Alto Golf Course. Populations of gray fox have increased in the South Bay since the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has culled non-native red foxes ( Vulpes vulpes ) because the latter prey on the endangered California clapper rail ( Rallus longirostris obsoletus ). Genetically, gray fox are the most basal of all canids . The flora of

3510-402: The risk has become more severe as increased urbanisation along its course has increased the area of impermeable surfaces. In the 1998 El Niño storms, the creek burst its banks. The creek's levees were also damaged. The body responsible for the conservation and management of the Mid-Peninsula watersheds, of which the creek is one, is the Santa Clara Valley Water District . However, because of

3575-459: The settlement compared to Mission San Francisco de Asís ) is a creek that flows into southwest San Francisco Bay in California , United States. Historically it was called the Arroyo de San Francisco by Juan Bautista de Anza in 1776. San Francisquito Creek courses through the towns of Portola Valley and Woodside , as well as the cities of Menlo Park , Palo Alto , and East Palo Alto . The creek and its Los Trancos Creek tributary define

3640-427: The settlement; it was established later by José Joaquín Moraga . While returning to Monterey, he located the original sites for Mission Santa Clara de Asis and the town of San José de Guadalupe (present-day San Jose, California ), but again did not establish either settlement. Today this route is marked as the Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail . Despite DeAnza's successes, Spanish ambitions to establish

3705-428: The significance of the creek in a densely populated area where environmental concerns and recent flooding are both salient in the public mind, a Joint Powers Authority (JPA) has been formed to address community concerns about the management of the creek. The JPA is currently undertaking or scoping various projects for the improvement of the creek, for example the stabilisation and revegetation of its banks. The members of

3770-468: The tidal marsh associated with high groundwater tables and seasonal flooding. In the late 1920s levees were constructed to re-route the creek through a new engineered channel from its former mouth, to a sharp north turn for about half a mile, then to the northeast, before exiting to the Bay. By 2004, filled areas such as the Palo Alto golf course and the Palo Alto Airport have reduced the tidal marsh to 352 acres (1.42 km ). San Francisquito Creek hosts

3835-571: The upper watershed consists of scattered oak and madrone woodlands that are intermingled with grassland habitat, in some areas forming a savanna. A grove of upland coast redwood ( Sequoia sempervirens ) forest occurs along San Francisquito Creek just below Searsville Lake. Native tree species that occur in the riparian corridor include valley oak, coast live oak, willows and California buckeyes. Common native riparian shrubs include coffeeberry ( Rhamnus californicus ), ocean spray ( Holodiscus discolor ), and creeping snowberry ( Symphoricarpos mollis ). Within

3900-452: Was 2 years old when his father became caretaker of Searsville Dam in 1897, "When the dam was 'wasting', or overflowing in the winter, salmon would swim upstream as far as the base of the dam. Using a pitchfork Mr. Batchelder would spear them to supplement the family's menu." His "favorite place to fish for trout was in the Dennis Martin Creek ". A second source described catching "steelhead" and silver (coho) salmon in San Francisquito Creek and

3965-437: Was appointed commander of the Presidio of Tucson in 1788 but died before he could depart and take office. He was 52 years old. Anza was survived by his wife. Juan Bautista de Anza died in Arizpe, in what is now the State of Sonora, Mexico, and was buried in the Church of Nuestra Señora de la Asunción de Arizpe . In 1963, with the participation of delegations from the University of California, Berkeley and San Francisco , he

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4030-421: Was disinterred and reburied in a new marble memorial mausoleum at the same Church. The primary legacy is the Juan Bautista de Anza National Historic Trail in California and Arizona, administered by the US National Park Service , for hiking and driving the route of his expedition exploring Las Californias In the San Fernando Valley the trail crosses the Upper Las Virgenes Canyon Open Space Preserve , and in

4095-509: Was not able to colonize. By the time of Juan Bautista de Anza's expedition, three more missions had been established, including Mission San Antonio de Padua in the Salinas Valley . In 1772, Anza proposed an expedition to Alta California to the Viceroy of New Spain. This was approved by the King of Spain and on January 8, 1774, with 3 padres, 20 soldiers, 11 servants, 35 mules, 65 cattle, and 140 horses, Anza set forth from Tubac Presidio , south of present-day Tucson, Arizona . Anza heard of

4160-488: Was recently confirmed to extend through Santa Cruz County based on both archaeological evidence and historically collected specimens. Recent physical evidence utilizing ancient DNA sequencing of salmonid remains proved that the southern limit of coastal Chinook salmon included the southernmost tributaries of South San Francisco Bay. Historically, several dams operated by Stanford presented impassable to nearly impassable barriers to trout, and possibly, salmon spawning runs in

4225-487: Was the most significant barrier to fish passage, because it was located on the mainstem San Francisquito Creek, blocking upstream salmonid migration to all San Francisquito Creek tributaries in lower rainfall years. It was located just north of the east end of Happy Hollow Lane near Alpine Road and near the Stanford Weekend Acres neighborhood in unincorporated Menlo Park. This dam was originally constructed in 1899–1900 to divert winter flows to fill Stanford's Lake Lagunita . It

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