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57-716: Lake Columbia is one of the many lakes in Jackson County that is entirely private. Yearly membership dues in the Lake Columbia Property Owners Association are required by residents of the lake. The lake has a total of 16 private parks. It also has 14 named shores where residents reside. It is a boaters and fishers paradise for local residents of the lake. Lake Columbia is stocked annually with Walleye or Bluegill fish. The fish population continues to grow in Lake Columbia every year. Lake Columbia has

114-454: A 50 cm (20 in) walleye will weigh about 1.5 kg (3.3 lb), while a 60 cm (24 in) walleye will likely weigh about 2.5 kg (5.5 lb). The Garrison Dam National Fish Hatchery at Garrison Dam, North Dakota , is the largest walleye hatchery in the world. Although they are in high demand for fishing and consumption in North Dakota, elsewhere they are considered

171-580: A century and has been planted on top of existing populations or introduced into waters naturally devoid of the species, sometimes reducing the overall genetic distinctiveness of populations. The name "walleye" comes from its pearlescent eyes caused by the reflective tapetum lucidum which, in addition to allowing the fish to see well in low-light conditions, gives its eyes an opaque appearance. Their vision affects their behavior. They avoid bright light and feed in low light on fish that cannot see as well as they do. Many anglers look for walleyes at night since this

228-451: A conservation measure, the law regulates the minimum size of zander considered mature enough to be eaten. In July 2009, in a rare occurrence, a zander bit bathers swimming in the Swiss part of Lake Maggiore , sending two people to the emergency room; the worst bite inflicted a wound about 10 centimeters long. The 70-cm 8-kg fish was later caught by the local police who cooked it and offered it to

285-505: A delicate flavour. Although it is not generally bred for food, its adaptability makes zander fishery quite sustainable. Indeed, in some regions release of young zanders is restricted, as natural stocks already provide a sufficient supply for the market, while boosting the population of this large predator would have an adverse effect on populations of its prey. Zander is especially well suited for fish fillets . It can also be served whole, baked, smoked or cooked. In some culinary circles, zander

342-612: A maximum length of 120 cm (47 in). The zander is very widely distributed across Eurasia, occurring in the drainages of the Caspian, Baltic, Black, Aral, North and Aegean Sea basins. The northern boundary of its distribution is in Finland. It has been introduced to Great Britain, southern Europe, and continental Europe west of the Elbe, Ebro, Tagus and Jucar drainages, as well as to Anatolia, North Africa, Siberia, Kyrgyzstan, and Kazakhstan. In

399-634: A nuisance. For that reason GDNFH is also researching hormonal population control to provide control options to other areas. In most of the species' range, male walleyes mature sexually between three and four years of age. Females normally mature about a year later. Adults migrate to tributary streams in late winter or early spring to lay eggs over gravel and rock, although open-water reef or shoal-spawning strains are seen, as well. Some populations are known to spawn on sand or vegetation. Spawning occurs at water temperatures of 6 to 10 °C (43 to 50 °F). A large female can lay up to 500,000 eggs, and no care

456-665: A number of factors, one of which is that they are particularly well adapted to life in the slow-flowing, sparsely vegetated, rather murky waters that comprise so many of the British lowland rivers. Zander thrive in water with rather low visibility, unlike pike, which often dominate the predator fish niche in clear water. However, zander need plenty of oxygen and soon disappear from eutrophic areas. Zander were stocked in Spiritwood Lake, North Dakota in 1989 and have remained ever since. Ecologists believe that if establishment occurs in

513-763: A primary inflow from Goose Creek and a primary outflow from Goose Creek. Goose Creek mainly flows from west to east and flows into the Raisin River. The Raisin River connects Clark Lake, Vineyard Lake, Norvell Lake and Lake Columbia together by way of Goose Creek also. The drainage area of Lake Columbia is 25,000 Sq. Acres which drains into Jackson County and Hillsdale County , Michigan. The natural wildlife that surround and inhabit Lake Columbia are White Tail Deer, Walleye fish, Bluegill fish, Red Foxes, and Common Loons. In 1835, John H. and Broadhead Du Bois settled along Goose Creek about 2.4 mi (3.9 km) west of Brooklyn with

570-404: Is 950 ft (290 m) long and 35 ft (11 m) high with the head of water at 28 ft (8.5 m). It has a 225 ft (69 m) long spillway made of 2,000 cubic yards of concrete and 200,000 pounds of reinforced steel. The mouth of the spillway is 50 ft (15 m) in diameter. By early Autumn, the dam was completed and attention shifted to clearing the wooded portions of

627-622: Is a culturally significant food in the Upper Midwest . Walleye is popular in Minnesota; the Minnesota Legislature declared walleye the official state fish in 1965. Three towns— Garrison, Minnesota , Baudette, Minnesota , and Garrison, North Dakota —each claim to be the "Walleye Capital of the World" and a large statue of the fish is erected in each town. Walleye pike was declared

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684-616: Is a term used by walleye anglers for rough water typically with winds of 10 to 25 km/h (6 to 16 mph), and is one of the indicators for good walleye fishing due to the walleyes' increased feeding activity during such conditions. In addition to fishing this chop, night fishing with live bait can be very effective. The current all-tackle world record for a walleye is held by Mabry Harper, who caught an 11.34-kg (25-lb) walleye in Old Hickory Lake in Tennessee on 2 August 1960. Walleye

741-472: Is also the provincial fish of Saskatchewan , which declared the species its official fish in 2015 after it won a fish emblem contest. Walleye is the most popular fish for sport fishing in Saskatchewan, and can be caught in many rivers, reservoirs, and lakes. The International Underwater Spearfishing Association record for largest spearfishing -caught walleye is held by a 13.3-pound walleye caught in 2014 on

798-476: Is appreciated even more highly than salmon. Even the offals can be cooked into consommé . In 2004, it was revealed that some restaurants in the Minneapolis-St. Paul area of Minnesota were serving imported zander instead of the closely related North American walleye (the state fish, and a popular food in the region). While zander and walleye are almost indistinguishable by taste, the restaurants were selling

855-447: Is creamy-white. Their caudal fin is dark and the pectoral , pelvic and anal fins are paler off-white in colour. The dorsal and caudal fins are marked with rows of black spots on the membranes between the spines and rays, these are largest and most obvious on the first dorsal fin. The juveniles are silvery in colour, becoming darker as they age. They have powerful jaws which are armed with many sharp teeth with two long canines in

912-661: Is funded through private donations and the LCPOA. Private parks located around Lake Columbia: Golf Courses, parks and many other recreational activities surround the lake and provide a person with things to do year round. Lake Columbia is located closely to the Irish Hills, Michigan International Speedway and the downtown area of Brooklyn. There are over 14 different challenging golf courses within 20 miles (32 km) of Lake Columbia. Walleye The walleye ( Sander vitreus , synonym Stizostedion vitreum ), also called

969-758: Is given by the parents to the eggs or fry. The eggs are slightly adhesive and fall into spaces between rocks. The incubation period for the embryos is temperature-dependent, but generally lasts from 12 to 30 days. After hatching, the free-swimming embryos spend about a week absorbing a relatively small amount of yolk . Once the yolk has been fully absorbed, the young walleyes begin to feed on invertebrates , such as fly larvæ and zooplankton . After 40 to 60 days, juvenile walleyes become piscivorous . Thenceforth, both juvenile and adult walleyes eat fish almost exclusively, frequently yellow perch or ciscoes , moving onto bars and shoals at night to feed. Walleye also feed heavily on crayfish, minnows, and leeches. The walleye

1026-490: Is in April and May, although exceptionally they may spawn from late February through to July, and the actual period depends on latitude and altitude. The determining factor is that it needs temperatures to reach 10–14 °C (50–57 °F) before spawning starts. Zander have a maximum lifespan of 17 year and they are sexually mature at 3–10 years old, with 4 years old being typical. A large number of parasites are known to infect

1083-409: Is kept up through annual membership dues required every year. As of 2024, the membership dues are $ 437 for the first lot owned, and $ 40 for each additional lot. Each year Lake Columbia offers many events around and on the lake. There are community-oriented events year-round, including fishing tournaments, an annual community-wide garage sale, a golf league, block parties, annual LCPOA picnic, Light Up

1140-603: Is long and forked. The zander has a maximum published standard length 100 centimetres (39 in), although they are more commonly found at around 50 centimetres (20 in). This species can reach 20 kg (44 lb) of weight, although typical catches are considerably smaller. The IGFA All-Tackle world record zander was caught in Lago Maggiore, Switzerland in June 2016 weighing 11.48 kg (25.3 lb). Zander reach an average length of 40–80 cm (15.5–31.5 in) with

1197-630: Is not related to the true pickerels , which are members of the family Esocidae . It is also sometimes called a dory in British English (and its common name in French is the similar doré —meaning golden or gilded ), although this name is also used for various other species . Walleyes show a fair amount of variation across watersheds. In general, fish within a watershed are quite similar and are genetically distinct from those of nearby watersheds. The species has been artificially propagated for over

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1254-602: Is on the order of 30 to 50 cm (12 to 20 in), substantially below their potential size. As walleye grow longer, they increase in weight. The relationship between total length ( L ) and total weight ( W ) for nearly all species of fish can be expressed by an equation of the form Invariably, b is close to 3.0 for all species, and c is a constant that varies among species. For walleye, b  = 3.180 and c  = 0.000228 (with units in inches and pounds) or b  = 3.180 and c  = 0.000005337 (with units in cm and kg). This relationship suggests

1311-517: Is part of the North American clade within the genus Sander , alongside the sauger ( S. canadensis ). Hubbs described a taxon called the blue walleye ( S. glaucus ) from the Great Lakes but subsequent taxonomic work showed no consistent differences between this form and the "yellow" walleye and the blue walleye is now considered to be a synonym and color variant of the walleye. The walleye

1368-523: Is regulated by most natural resource agencies. Management may include the use of quotas and length limits to ensure that populations are not overexploited . For example, in Michigan , walleyes shorter than 15 in (38 cm) may not be legally kept. Since walleyes have excellent visual acuity under low illumination levels, they tend to feed more extensively at dawn and dusk, on cloudy or overcast days, and under choppy conditions when light penetration into

1425-489: Is the operculum . Walleyes are distinguished from their close relative the sauger by the white coloration on the lower lobe of the caudal fin, which is absent on the sauger. In addition, the two dorsals and the caudal fin of the sauger are marked with distinctive rows of black dots which are absent from or indistinct on the same fins of walleyes. Walleyes grow to about 80 cm (31 in) in length, and weigh up to about 9 kg (20 lb). The maximum recorded size for

1482-457: Is the type species of the genus Sander . The zander was first formally described in 1758 as Perca lucioperca by Carolus Linnaeus in volume 1 of the tenth edition of Systema Naturae and he gave the type locality as "European lakes". When Lorenz Oken (1779–1851) created the genus Sander he made Perca lucioperca its type species . The zander is part of the European clade within

1539-428: Is when major feeding efforts occur. The fish's eyes also allow them to see well in turbid waters (stained or rough, breaking waters), which gives them an advantage over their prey. Thus, walleye anglers commonly look for locations where a good "walleye chop" (i.e., rough water) occurs. Their vision also allows the fish to populate the deeper regions in a lake, and they can often be found in deeper water, particularly during

1596-653: The Great Lakes they will compete with game fish such as the closely related Walleye or the Yellow perch for food and habitat . Therefore the Government of Ontario is preemptively treating zander as a future invasive species. In the Netherlands, zander may be found (natively) in many major waterways, including the Waal , Hollands Diep , and other distributaries or estuaries of

1653-503: The South Saskatchewan River north of Lake Diefenbaker . Zander The zander ( Sander lucioperca ), sander or pikeperch , is a species of ray-finned fish from the family Percidae , which also includes perch , ruffe and darter . It is found in freshwater and brackish habitats in western Eurasia . It is a popular game fish and has been introduced to a variety of localities outside its native range. It

1710-472: The walleyed pike , yellow pike , yellow pikeperch or yellow pickerel , is a freshwater perciform fish native to most of Canada and to the Northern United States . It is a North American close relative of the European zander , also known as the pikeperch. The walleye is sometimes called the yellow walleye to distinguish it from the blue walleye , which is a color morph that was once found in

1767-499: The 1960s and 1970s, leading to decreases in populations of native cyprinids . Recorded predators of the zander include other zanders, as well as European eels ( Anguilla anguilla ), Northern pike, European perch, the wels catfish ( Silurus glanis ) and the Caspian seal ( Phoca caspia ). The zander is considered one of the most valuable food fish native to Europe. It is esteemed for its light, firm but tender meat with few bones and

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1824-508: The 1970s and 1980s, when the fishing tournament circuit promoted the fish and operated walleye fishing contests in the state. The walleye is the official provincial fish of Manitoba . Winnipeg , Manitoba, considers the walleye (referred to locally as "pickerel") its most important local fish. Icelandic fishermen in Lake Winnipeg traditionally supplied the Winnipeg market. The walleye

1881-514: The Baltic Sea have found them to prey on the European smelt ( Osmerus eperlanus ), ruffe ( Gymnocephalus cernua ), European perch, vendace ( Coregonus albula ) and the common roach ( Rutilus rutilus ), They were also found to be cannibalistic on smaller zanders. They have also been recorded feeding on smolts of sea trout ( Salmo trutta morph. trutta ) and Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ). In

1938-496: The Canadian waters of the Great Lakes , and fried walleye is considered a staple of Canadian cuisine . In Minnesota , the walleye is often fished for in the late afternoon on windy days (known as a "walleye chop") or at night. Often served as a sandwich in Minnesota's pubs where the fish is very popular, deep fried walleye on a stick is a Minnesota State Fair food. Because walleyes are popular with anglers, fishing for walleyes

1995-504: The European fish under the name "walleye", which is an illegal practice. An investigation by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration followed. In Ohio, many restaurants were caught using juvenile zander fillets in the 40 to 80 gram range in place of the Lake Erie yellow perch . Shortages of the perch along with skyrocketing prices caused wholesalers and restaurants to use the juvenile zander for popular "pike perch fillets". In Finland , as

2052-474: The Night Weekend, outdoor movie at a park, a rotation of food trucks at the parks throughout the summer, and "trunk-or-treat" at Halloween. Wintertime activities include snowmobiling, ice hockey for kids, ice skating and ice fishing. Lake Columbia also has one of the most spectacular Fourth of July fireworks displays around Jackson County. It is set up through the Lake Columbia Property Owners Association, and

2109-454: The Percidae and it usually has a long and muscular body which bears some resemblance to a Northern pike ( Esox lucius ), hence the alternative English common name of pikeperch. The upper part of its body is green-brown in colour and this extends onto the sides as dark vertical bars, in a pattern not dissimilar to that of the European perch ( Perca fluviatilis ) while the lower part of the body

2166-487: The Rhine, and are also particularly common in the canals of Amsterdam. Zander inhabit freshwater bodies, especially large rivers and eutrophic lakes. They can tolerate brackish water and will make use of coastal lakes and estuaries. Individuals living in brackish water habitats migrate upriver, as far as 250 kilometres (160 miles) for spawning. Zander are carnivorous and the adults feed on smaller schooling fish. Studies around

2223-622: The UK, zander was originally introduced in 1878 by Francis Russell, 9th Duke of Bedford , into lakes on his Woburn Abbey estate and soon after that into the Great Ouse Relief Channel in The Fens . British Waterways included zander among a "dirty dozen" non-native species most likely to harm native wildlife along rivers in Great Britain. Their success in establishing themselves was owed to

2280-597: The United Kingdom zander thrive in canals where the water is turbid due to the boat traffic and although their favoured prey in these waters is common roach they have a high impact on the populations of gudgeon ( Gobio gobio ). The zander spawns over gravel in flowing water, the males defend a territory in which they dig shallow depressions in sand or gravel which are roughly 50 centimetres (20 in) across and 5–10 centimetres (2.0–3.9 in) in depth in sand or gravel. They will also nest among exposed plant roots and

2337-520: The basin. Flooding commenced on November 10, 1961 culminating in the 840 acres (3.4 km) of water that make up the modern Lake Columbia. Currently the association boasts approximately than 1,545 members. There are more than 700 lakefront homes, and nearly 650 more near the lake which are still considered part of the Lake Columbia Association. Homes around the lake range in price from $ 50,000 to over $ 1 million. The privacy of Lake Columbia

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2394-415: The eggs are laid onto these roots. The nests are normally at depths of 1 to 3 metres (39 to 118 in) in turbid water. Spawning takes place in pairs, at night and at daybreak. When they are spawning the female is stationary above the male's nest and the male rapidly swims around her, keeping a distance of around 1 metre (3.3 ft) from the nesting depression. The male then orients himself perpendicular to

2451-450: The estuarine perch ( S. marinus ) the males build nests and the female spawn into these nests and the males then guard the eggs and fry. The lineage leading to the zander is thought to have diverged from the common ancestor with the Volga pikeperch circa 13.8 million years ago while the split from the estuarine perch took place around 9.1 million years ago. The zander is the largest member of

2508-503: The fish is 107 cm (42 in) in length and 13 kilograms (29 lb) in weight. The rate depends partly on where in their range they occur, with southern populations often growing faster and larger. In general, females grow larger than males. Walleyes may live for decades; the maximum recorded age is 29 years. In heavily fished populations, however, few walleye older than five or six years of age are encountered. In North America, where they are highly prized, their typical size when caught

2565-418: The front of each jaw. They have large bulbous eyes which are opaque when the fish is living in particularly turbid conditions, an adaptation to low light. There is a single flat spine on the operculum . Like other members of the perch family the zander has a split dorsal fin with the first dorsal fin having 13–20 spines and 18–24 soft rays, while the anal fin has 2–3 rays and 10–14 soft rays. The caudal fin

2622-449: The genus Sander which split from a common ancestor with the North American clade, which the walleye ( S. vitreus ) and the sauger ( S. canadensis ) belong to, around 20.8 million years ago. Within the European clade the Volga pikeperch ( S. volgaensis ) is the most basal taxon and shares features with the North American clade, such as being a broadcast spawner. In contrast in the zander and

2679-422: The intentions of using the small stream to power a set of mills. By 1836, with the dam completed and the mills in operation, the small village of Jefferson was platted. Soon after, a post office was opened and the name was changed to Columbia, as the name Jefferson had already been taken. The original village was located near the intersection of Jefferson Rd and Hewitt Rd, a portion of which was later rerouted when

2736-467: The lake was expanded. In September 1960, after an intensive study by American Central Corporation of Lansing, Michigan , the people in the Lake Columbia area, which was then mostly farmland, were contacted and their farms purchased. The company was looking to sell attractive land around a private lake. Construction started in July 1961 on the earthen L-shaped dam that now stops the flow of Goose Creek. The dam

2793-468: The murkier, higher oxygenated water at around six feet deep. On calm spring days, walleyes are more often located at the deep side of the shoreline drop-off and around shore slopes around or deeper than 10 feet. As a result of their widespread presence in Canada and the northern United States, walleyes are frequently caught while ice fishing , a popular winter pastime throughout those regions. "Walleye chop"

2850-511: The official "state warm water fish" of Vermont in 2012. (Vermont's official "state cold water fish" is the brook trout , Salvelinus fontinalis .) South Dakota designated the walleye as its official state fish in 1982. Although the fish is native to South Dakota, living in Missouri River reservoirs and eastern glacial lakes of the state, it only became a popular food in South Dakota in

2907-470: The southern Ontario and Quebec regions, but is now presumed extinct. However, recent genetic analysis of a preserved (frozen) 'blue walleye' sample suggests that the blue and yellow walleye were simply phenotypes within the same species and do not merit separate taxonomic classification. In parts of its range in English-speaking Canada, the walleye is known as a pickerel , though the fish

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2964-424: The substrate and the pair swim around swiftly, releasing the eggs and sperm. The female departs after releasing her eggs. The male remains at the nest and defends it, fanning the eggs using the pectoral fins. Each female lays all of her eggs at once and only spawns once a year. The larvae are attracted to light and after they leave the nest they feed on zooplankton and small pelagic animals. They normal spawning season

3021-639: The tourists for the trouble it caused. As the largest member of the perch family, zander is a popular game fish in the United Kingdom. However, it is legally a non-native invasive species ; any zander caught by anglers must be destroyed. Increasing demand for zander for human consumption has attracted great attention of fish farmers. Today, elaborated protocols for the reproduction and on-growing of zander are available. Throughout Europe, an increasing number of aquaculture facilities produce zander for stocking or human consumption, mainly in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). Production volume remains low, but

3078-465: The warmest part of the summer and at night. Walleyes are largely olive and gold in color (hence the French common name: doré —golden). The dorsal side of a walleye is olive, grading into a golden hue on the flanks. The olive/gold pattern is broken up by five darker saddles that extend to the upper sides. The color shades to white on the belly. The mouth of a walleye is large and is armed with many sharp teeth. The first dorsal and anal fins are spinous, as

3135-456: The water column is disrupted. Although anglers interpret this as light avoidance, it is merely an expression of the walleyes' competitive advantage over their prey under those conditions. Similarly, in darkly stained or turbid waters, walleyes tend to feed throughout the day. In the spring and fall, walleyes are located near the shallower areas due to the spawning grounds, and they are most often located in shallower areas during higher winds due to

3192-413: The zander's skin, eyes and internal organs. Its gastrointestinal tract can host the nematode Anisakis , which can be transmitted to humans if the fish is smoked, fried or otherwise cooked at temperatures lower than 50 °C (122 °F). The zander is also a vector of the trematode Bucephalus polymorphus and may have been responsible for spreading the parasite to some French river systems during

3249-545: Was first formally described by the American naturalist Samuel Latham Mitchill (1764–1831) with the type locality given as Cayuga Lake near Ithaca, New York . The walleye is considered to be a quite palatable freshwater fish, and consequently, is fished recreationally and commercially for food. Because of its nocturnal feeding habits, it is most easily caught at night using live minnows or lures that mimic small fish. Most commercial fisheries for walleye are situated in

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