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26-799: Founded in 1911 as the fourth Imperial University in Japan, it has been recognised as a leading institution of higher education and research in Kyushu, Japan, and beyond. The history of the university began a few decades before its founding when the medical school of the Fukuoka Domain ( 福岡藩 ) was established in 1867, the final year of the Edo period . The school was reorganised as the Fukuoka Medical College of Kyoto Imperial University in 1903. It became independent as Kyushu Imperial University in 1911. In 1867,

52-536: A branch of Kyoto Imperial University . Financial challenges delayed further development until the Furukawa Zaibatsu's donation in 1906 facilitated the establishment of Kyushu Imperial University in 1911, with Kenjiro Yamakawa , former president of the University of Tokyo , as its first president. Kyushu University dates its medical faculty's founding to 1903 and the university's establishment to 1911. In 1947, it

78-792: Is called Gakushikai ( 学士会 ) . Unlike Taihoku Imperial University (renamed in 1945 to National Taiwan University) in then-Japanese Taiwan , the Keijō Imperial University in then-Japanese Korea was closed by the United States Army Military Government in Korea (USAMGIK) with U.S. Military Ordinance No. 102. Seoul National University was built by merging nine schools in Seoul and the remaining properties of Keijō Imperial University (Kyŏngsŏng University). The National Taiwan University and Seoul National University are today among

104-613: Is regarded as being among the top 15 in the country. 33°37′40″N 130°25′23″E  /  33.62784°N 130.42297°E  / 33.62784; 130.42297 Imperial Universities The Imperial Universities ( Kyūjitai : 帝國大學, Shinjitai : 帝国大学 , teikoku daigaku , abbr.: 帝大 teidai ) were founded by the Empire of Japan between 1886 and 1939, seven in Mainland Japan (now Japan ), one in Korea under Japanese rule (now

130-534: Is the character for "electric", which is still the traditional form of " 電 " in Japan, but has been simplified to 电 in mainland China (pronounced "diàn" in Chinese, and "den" in Japanese). Prior to the promulgation of the tōyō kanji list in 1946, kyūjitai were known as seiji ( 正字 , 'proper/correct characters') or seijitai ( 正字體 ). Even after kyūjitai were officially marked for discontinuation with

156-642: The Fukuoka Domain established a medical school called Sanshikan in Tenjin , Fukuoka. Although closed in 1872, its affiliated hospital continued operating and evolved over time. By 1879, it became part of the Fukuoka Prefectural Fukuoka Medical School, later continuing as the Fukuoka Prefectural Fukuoka Hospital. The push for an imperial university in Kyushu led to the establishment of Fukuoka Medical College in 1903 as

182-523: The People's Republic of China , where all personal names were simplified as part of the character simplification reform carried out in the 1950s, the Japanese reform only applied to a subset of the characters in use (the tōyō kanji) and excluded characters used in proper names. Therefore, kyūjitai are still used in personal names in Japan today (see jinmeiyō kanji ). In modern Japanese, kyūjitai that appear in

208-564: The Republic of Korea ) and one in Taiwan under Japanese rule (now Taiwan ). These universities were funded by the imperial government until the end of World War II . The name 'Imperial University' was initially used by what is now the University of Tokyo , the nation's first university. Although it was originally established under its current name, the Meiji government renamed it in 1886. In 1897, when it

234-620: The 1867 Sanseikan established by the Kuroda Clan , evolved significantly over time. Initially a clinic for a medical institution, it became affiliated with the Fukuoka Prefectural Medical School in 1879. In 1903, it became associated with the newly formed Fukuoka Medical College, a branch of Kyoto Imperial University. The establishment of Kyushu Imperial University in 1911 brought the hospital under its Faculty of Medicine. Post-World War II reforms in 1947 led to its rebranding as

260-615: The 196 new jōyō kanji, 129 were already on the Jinmeiyō Kanji List; 10 of them are used in names of Japanese prefectures, and the kanji 韓 that appears in the name of South Korea ( 韓国 Kankoku ). Four of these kanji have both a simplified and a traditional form: Hyōgai kanji are kanji that are elements of neither the Jōyō Kanji List nor the Jinmeiyō Kanji List. In Hyōgai Kanji Jitaihyō ( 表外漢字字体表 ) , traditional characters are recognized as printed standard style ( 印刷標準字体 ) while

286-752: The 2020 QS World University Rankings , and 401-500th in the Times Higher Education World University Rankings . According to QS, its subject rankings were 123rd in Engineering & IT, 170th in Life Sciences & Biomedicine, and 150th in Natural Sciences. It is also the 18th-best university in Asia, according to QS Asian University rankings. Kyushu University is a prestigious institution, and its selectivity for undergraduate degrees

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312-610: The Kyushu University Faculty of Medical Sciences Affiliated Hospital, incorporating various departments, including dental science. The hospital underwent further transformations, merging in 2003 with hospitals from the Faculty of Dental Science and Medical Institute of Bioregulation to form the current Kyushu University Hospital. The hospital's history also includes a dark chapter in 1945, involving fatal and torturous medical experiments including live dissection on American POWs by

338-414: The distinction between old and new forms of the characters. In particular, all Unicode normalization methods merge the old characters with the new ones. In the revised version of jōyō kanji, 5 kanji were removed (but preserved as jinmeiyō kanji), and 196 more kanji were added into Jōyō Kanjihyō of originally 1945 kanji; 6 of these new kanji have a traditional and a simplified form. They are underlined in

364-506: The following list. The Jinmeiyō Kanji List contains 212 traditional characters still used in names. The modern form ( shinjitai ), which appears in the Jōyō Kanji List, is given in parentheses. The Jinmeiyō Kanji List also contains 631 additional kanji that are not elements of the Jōyō Kanji List; 18 of them have a variant: The following 5 kanji were removed from the Jōyō Kanji List in 2010, but were preserved as jinmeiyō kanji. They have no simplified form. 勺 and 匁 are kokuji . Of

390-675: The former Imperial Universities ( 旧帝国大学 , kyū-teikoku daigaku , abbr. : 旧帝大 kyū-teidai ) . They are viewed as some of the most prestigious in Japan. These former imperial universities are generally perceived as Japan's equivalent of the Ivy League in the United States, Golden Triangle in the United Kingdom, and the C9 League in China. The alumni club of these nine imperial universities

416-463: The majority of its pre-war history, Japan's political, business and academic establishments predominantly consisted of alumni of the Imperial Universities and universities abroad, which further strengthened the prestige and power of these universities. Today, these university are no longer 'imperial', as Japan ceased to be an empire after the loss of World War II, and are often described as

442-501: The most prestigious universities of Taiwan and Korea. The universities are notable for hosting special-rules judo competitions called Nanatei Judo ( ja:七帝柔道 , Seven Emperors Judo ) since 1952. In 1962, the athletic competition expanded under the sponsorship of Hokkaido University , formerly known as National Athletic Competition of the Seven Universities ( 全国七大学総合体育大会 , zenkoku nana-daigaku sōgō taiiku-taikai ) , its name

468-559: The official spelling of proper names are sometimes replaced with the modern shinjitai form. In the 2,136 Jōyō Kanji ( 常用漢字 ) , there are 364 pairs of simplified and traditional characters (for example, 亜 is the simplified form of 亞 ). The kanji 弁 is used to simplify three different traditional kanji ( 辨 , 瓣 , and 辯 ). Within the jōyō kanji, there are 62 characters the old forms of which may cause problems displaying: Kyōiku kanji (26): Secondary-school kanji (36): These characters are Unicode CJK Unified Ideographs for which

494-531: The old form (kyūjitai) and the new form (shinjitai) have been unified under the Unicode standard. Although the old and new forms are distinguished under the JIS X 0213 standard, the old forms map to Unicode CJK Compatibility Ideographs which are considered by Unicode to be canonically equivalent to the new forms and may not be distinguished by user agents. Therefore, depending on the user environment, it may not be possible to see

520-467: The promulgation of the tōyō kanji list, they were used in print frequently into the 1950s due to logistical delays in changing over typesetting equipment. Kyūjitai continue in use to the present day because when the Japanese government adopted the simplified forms, it did not ban the traditional forms. Thus, traditional forms are used when an author wishes to use them and the publisher agrees. Unlike in

546-541: The simplified characters are recognized as simple conventional style ( 簡易慣用字体 ). Here are some examples of hyōgai kanji that have a simplified and a traditional form: In 2010, 67 hyōgai kanji were added to the Jōyō Kanji List; 2 of them have a traditional and a simplified form: Kokuji are characters that were created in Japan and were not taken over from China. Some of them, e.g. 腺 , are now also used in Chinese, but most of them are not. The Jōyō Kanji List currently contains 9 kokuji ( 働 and 畑 are kyōiku kanji): 匁

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572-510: The traditional forms of kanji (Chinese written characters used in Japanese writing). Their simplified counterparts are shinjitai ( 新字体 , 'new character forms'). Some of the simplified characters arose centuries ago and were in everyday use in both China and Japan , but they were considered inelegant, even uncouth. After World War II , simplified character forms were made official in both these countries. However, in Japan fewer and less drastic simplifications were made. An example

598-435: The university's medical faculty, resulting in war crimes convictions. Kyushu offers a number of selected scholarships for international students. Some of them are: The university has been ranked 5th in the 2020 Times Higher Education Japan University Rankings , which is one rank down from 2019. In another ranking, Japanese prep school Kawaijuku ranked Kyushu as the 7th best university in Japan. It has been ranked 132nd in

624-557: Was decided to establish the nation's second university in Kyoto, the original Imperial University was renamed Tokyo Imperial University. Meanwhile, the newly established university was named Kyoto Imperial University . Unlike in Europe and North America, modern higher education in Japan mostly originated as national projects. There had been no private universities in Japan until 1920, when Keio and Waseda were granted university status. Thus, for

650-593: Was later changed to Seven Universities Athletic Meet ( 国立七大学総合体育大会 , kokuritsu nana-daigaku sōgō taiiku-taikai ) in 2002. The competition is commonly called the Competition of the Seven Imperial Universities ( 七帝戦 , shichi-tei sen ) or the national athletic meet of the seven former imperial universities ( 七大戦 , Nanadai-sen ) . Ky%C5%ABjitai Kyūjitai ( Japanese : 舊字體 / 旧字体 , lit.   'old character forms') are

676-473: Was renamed Kyushu University , and in 1949, it expanded by incorporating several local educational institutions. On July 3, 2009, Kyushu University was chosen for the “Global 30 (G30) Project”. Kyushu University's incumbent president is Tatsuro Ishibashi, who was elected in 2020 and is expected to serve until September 2026. The university has 16 faculties, 11 undergraduate schools, and 18 graduate schools. Kyushu University Hospital, with historical roots in

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