Kyle Slater is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera EastEnders , played by Riley Carter Millington . He made his first appearance on 30 October 2015. EastEnders executive producer Dominic Treadwell-Collins had previously announced in February of that year that he wanted to cast a transgender actor to play a transgender character on the soap. When Millington heard this, he wrote to EastEnders telling them about his acting and transition. He was then invited to audition for the role and received the part, with Treadwell-Collins revealing that he had believed that Millington was right for the role since his first audition. Millington's casting was announced in October 2015. Millington was happy to be cast in the role and initially signed a six-month contract, which was later doubled.
246-447: Kyle was characterised as being fresh and relatable and having a big heart. He was introduced as the mysterious man who Stacey Slater ( Lacey Turner ) believed was stalking her and was part of the mystery surrounding her key. It is later revealed that Kyle is Stacey's half-brother, as her father, Brian Slater, had a secret family. Stacey's family struggle to believe Kyle's claim due to the belief that Brian did not have another son, and Kyle
492-516: A live episode , which was followed by a two-hander episode between Stacey and Max. Stacey became pregnant by Ryan Malloy ( Neil McDermott ) and gave birth to their daughter Lily . This led to a feud between Stacey, and Ryan's wife Janine Malloy ( Charlie Brooks ), and culminated in Stacey fleeing Walford on the episode broadcast on 25 December 2010, to avoid imprisonment after Janine stabbed herself and framed Stacey for attempted murder. Turner's return
738-490: A long terminal repeat (LTR). Regions in the LTR act as switches to control production of new viruses and can be triggered by proteins from either HIV or the host cell. The Psi element is involved in viral genome packaging and recognized by gag and rev proteins. The SLIP element ( TTTTTT ) is involved in the frameshift in the gag - pol reading frame required to make functional pol . The term viral tropism refers to
984-403: A "blind panic" after spotting Martin in danger and is in "complete shock" afterwards, not processing what happens until she returns home. Ben discovers the situation and takes control, telling Stacey, Martin and Kat to leave. At home, Stacey decides to flee Walford with her children, which allows Turner to leave for maternity leave. The actress believed Stacey's decision stems from her history with
1230-740: A 6 month contract at 'EastEnders' it was a dream come true. For that to be extended to a year was something I never expected. However, as the time comes for Kyle to depart Walford I am looking forward to taking on new roles and who knows, Kyle may find his way back to Walford one day." Kyle's exit was announced at the same time that a number of other characters were also announced to depart, including Ronnie Mitchell ( Samantha Womack ), Roxy Mitchell ( Rita Simons ), Pam Coker ( Lin Blakley ), Les Coker ( Roger Sloman ), Babe Smith ( Annette Badland ) and Claudette Hubbard ( Ellen Thomas ), among others. An EastEnders inside told Metro that "Kyle's storylines on
1476-420: A big issue"? They added that the group "need their heads knocking together!" Turner told Tyler ( Inside Soap ) that Stacey is prepared to go to court to fight for Arthur because "there's [nothing] she wouldn't do for her kids". Kush struggles to pay for his legal fees, so Kat offers to help him by using the stolen money she received from her husband, Alfie Moon ( Shane Richie ). However, when Kat goes to collect
1722-409: A black background. Ashdown got the idea for this from his research notes, saying, "There were similar sorts of images described by bipolar sufferers when they were experiencing extreme paranoia." Mind's Chief Executive, Paul Farmer, commented on the storyline, "It's fantastic that a high-profile soap like EastEnders has been prepared to tackle the challenge of exploring a mental health issue through
1968-431: A celebrity chef. Life for Kyle becomes "unbearable" at his house due to overcrowding and financial issues and he becomes uncomfortable that Stacey is struggling to make ends meet, so he asks Steven for a pay rise. Steven rejects him due to his family's own financial difficulties, so Kyle "bites back" and blackmails him, implying that he reveal the truth about the robbery if Steven does not reconsider, leaving Steven "firmly on
2214-535: A cell by a virion can be called "cell-free spread" to distinguish it from a more recently recognized process called "cell-to-cell spread". In cell-free spread (see figure), virus particles bud from an infected T cell, enter the blood or extracellular fluid and then infect another T cell following a chance encounter. HIV can also disseminate by direct transmission from one cell to another by a process of cell-to-cell spread, for which two pathways have been described. Firstly, an infected T cell can transmit virus directly to
2460-481: A cell surface. The unusual processing and high density means that almost all broadly neutralising antibodies that have so far been identified (from a subset of patients that have been infected for many months to years) bind to, or are adapted to cope with, these envelope glycans. The molecular structure of the viral spike has now been determined by X-ray crystallography and cryogenic electron microscopy . These advances in structural biology were made possible due to
2706-544: A chance, and hope for my career, it provided the UK and the world a symbol of hope by representating more people from our diverse culture. It also opened up the possibilities for many others." –Millington on his gratitude to the BBC (2022) On 14 September 2016, it was announced that Millington would be departing EastEnders as Kyle, having been let go by new producer Sean O'Connor . Speaking about his exit, Millington said, "When I landed
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#17328917274182952-465: A confrontation between Stacey and Martin and Kush and Kat on the market. The insider told Inside Soap 's Kate White that Kat is empathic towards Stacey, but when Stacey starts berating Kat, she returns the insults. They commented, "The problem with Slater fights is that they get nasty – and by the end of this, no one is speaking to anyone!" Turner explained that both Stacey and Kat are "headstrong" and "will not back down". Stacey then exiles Kat from
3198-456: A custody battle storyline for Stacey, Martin and Kush as part of the character's temporary departure from the series. The story also incorporates a feud between Stacey and her cousin Kat Slater ( Jessie Wallace ), which Jon Sen , the show's executive producer , teased would demonstrate Turner and Wallace "at their finest". On the new story, Laura-Jayne Tyler of Inside Soap opined that Turner
3444-823: A custody battle with Kush Kazemi ( Davood Ghadami ) and a feud with her cousin Kat Slater ( Jessie Wallace ). After attacking Phil Mitchell ( Steve McFadden ), Stacey flees the square and is off-screen for thirteen months, making a cameo appearance on 28 October 2019 in between before fully returning in September 2020. Turner took a second maternity leave in April 2021 and Stacey departs for six months, after being falsely imprisoned for GBH . She makes two cameo appearances on 16 and 20 September 2021, before then returning permanently on 25 October. Stacey’s storylines since her return have focused on supporting Jean through another bipolar episode and discovering that her daughter Lily ( Lillia Turner )
3690-465: A false alibi for his murder, landing an innocent Sam Mitchell ( Kim Medcalf ) in prison. Sam's family and Den's adoptive daughter Sharon Watts ( Letitia Dean ) pressure her into telling the truth, and eventually Den's wife Chrissie Watts ( Tracy-Ann Oberman ) is arrested for the murder. In 2006, Stacey becomes involved in her cousin Little Mo Slater 's ( Kacey Ainsworth ) love life when she spots
3936-407: A family. Stacey is uncertain and secretly continues taking birth control pills. She has a one-night-stand with Callum Monks ( Elliott Jordan ). She immediately regrets cheating on Bradley. Stacey attempts to reignite the spark in her marriage, but eventually decides her and Bradley are over. She has a brief relationship with Callum, but they split up over his harsh treatment of her mother. Following
4182-414: A few tested specimens might provide inconclusive results because of a low quantity specimen. In these situations, a second specimen is collected and tested for HIV infection. Modern HIV testing is extremely accurate, when the window period is taken into consideration. A single screening test is correct more than 99% of the time. The chance of a false-positive result in a standard two-step testing protocol
4428-464: A halt as he learns that Tanya is pregnant. While Max and his family are out of town, Stacey reunites with Bradley and accepts his marriage proposal. When Max returns, he declares his love for Stacey and wants to run away with her. Stacey tells Max they are over for good and she is marrying Bradley. Stacey feels overwhelmed on her wedding day and almost does not go through with the ceremony, but Bradley convinces her to marry him. Max propositions Stacey after
4674-491: A home visit, Stacey meets Kyle again; he explains that he is transgender and Stacey invites him to stay at the flat. She also proposes to Martin and invites Kush to be part of Arthur's life, which he declines. Stacey is discharged from the mother and baby unit. Stacey invites Jean, Jean's husband Ollie Walters ( Tony O'Callaghan ) and her cousin Belinda Peacock ( Carli Norris ) for a family dinner, where Jean rejects Kyle and
4920-515: A hospital would be the safest place for her and Arthur and she is sectioned after refusing to voluntarily admit herself without Arthur. Stacey is diagnosed with postpartum psychosis . Martin finds a mother and baby care unit for Stacey and Arthur in Essex. When Shabnam decides to leave Walford, Stacey admits that Kush is Arthur's father. She writes Martin a letter revealing the truth, devastating him. Although he immediately struggles, they later reunite. On
5166-448: A human host cell when the newly formed virus particle buds from the cell. The viral envelope contains proteins from the host cell and relatively few copies of the HIV envelope protein, which consists of a cap made of three molecules known as glycoprotein (gp) 120 , and a stem consisting of three gp41 molecules that anchor the structure into the viral envelope. The envelope protein, encoded by
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#17328917274185412-412: A joke" and thinks he is "there for the money". She added that Stacey is annoyed with Ruby because she is "supposed to be her best friend". The actress did not expect their friendship to recover quickly, dubbing it "bitter" with no "way out". Discussing her character's relationship with Martin, Turner explained that Stacey is still in love with him and would reconcile with him if he wished to. Despite this,
5658-606: A key belonging to their late father Brian. Stacey is roughed up by Dean, who asks her about his daughter with Shabnam Masood ( Rakhee Thakrar ). Shabnam's boyfriend Kush Kazemi ( Davood Ghadami ) rescues her; they kiss and she tells him that Shabnam had a daughter she abandoned. Martin Fowler ( James Bye ) becomes her flatmate and they are set up by Stacey's friend Whitney Dean ( Shona McGarty ); they date briefly before she realises she has feelings for Kush, despite his engagement to Shabnam. Stacey and Kush kiss again but regret it. Stacey
5904-568: A key step in the progression to AIDS. A number of studies with subtype B-infected individuals have determined that between 40 and 50 percent of AIDS patients can harbour viruses of the SI and, it is presumed, the X4 phenotypes. HIV-2 is much less pathogenic than HIV-1 and is restricted in its worldwide distribution to West Africa . The adoption of "accessory genes" by HIV-2 and its more promiscuous pattern of co-receptor usage (including CD4-independence) may assist
6150-610: A little bit tougher." The couple were shown to face problems in August 2006, when Stacey declared she was pregnant with Bradley's child, and on the advice of his father, Max ( Jake Wood ), Bradley convinced Stacey to have an abortion. Scriptwriter Sarah Phelps has described Stacey's abortion as "a dagger in [her] heart ... Stacey thought that if this is what [Bradley] really wants ... 'OK I'll go through with it', but she really didn't want to. He broke her heart." Although Stacey and Bradley split up at Christmas 2007 when her affair with Max
6396-747: A long time, she was Jean's sole carer as her older brother, Sean ( Robert Kazinsky ), had disappeared, unable to cope with Jean's condition. Stacey, age 15, follows her family to Walford in November 2004, to live with her great-uncle Charlie Slater ( Derek Martin ) and adoptive grandmother Mo Harris ( Laila Morse ), after being thrown out by her mother, Jean. She causes trouble through her promiscuous and immoral behaviour, which involves seducing her cousin Lynne Hobbs ' ( Elaine Lordan ) husband Garry Hobbs ( Ricky Groves ). Charlie, fed up with her behaviour, sends her back home to Jean. However, she later returns to
6642-674: A man. Stacey decides to clear Bradley's name and hands herself in for Archie's murder. She is arrested and later sentenced to five years in prison. After realising how much Lily is missing her, she appeals her sentence on grounds of diminished responsibility, because of her bipolar disorder; her appeal is successful. Stacey returns to Walford, moving in with Kat and Alfie and beginning work at Dean Wicks ' ( Matt Di Angelo ) salon. Stacey and Dean start dating and she and Lily move into Dean's flat, but their relationship ends when Stacey learns that Dean raped Linda Carter ( Kellie Bright ). Stacey talks to Sean over video chat, and he tells her to look after
6888-600: A more stable conformation following the NC binding, in which both the DIS and the U5:AUG regions of the gRNA participate in extensive base pairing. RNA can also be processed to produce mature messenger RNAs (mRNAs). In most cases, this processing involves RNA splicing to produce mRNAs that are shorter than the full-length genome. Which part of the RNA is removed during RNA splicing determines which of
7134-447: A number of mechanisms, including pyroptosis of abortively infected T cells, apoptosis of uninfected bystander cells, direct viral killing of infected cells, and killing of infected CD4 T cells by CD8 cytotoxic lymphocytes that recognize infected cells. When CD4 T cell numbers decline below a critical level, cell-mediated immunity is lost, and the body becomes progressively more susceptible to opportunistic infections, leading to
7380-424: A one-night stand. When Kush confronts her, Stacey admits that he may be the father, which Kush's mother Carmel Kazemi ( Bonnie Langford ) also realises. Stacey attends a church service, where she sees Kyle, who leaves suddenly without explanation, causing her to become more suspicious. Stacey tells Martin and Jean that she has a stalker and realises that Jean knows who it is. Jean produces the key and explains that it
7626-422: A potential assailant and thought it would be a good resolution to the character's feud with Kat and a "handy option" for writing Stacey out of the show. Producers made Stacey the attacker and the twist led to Turner's departure from the soap. In the episode, Stacey knocks Phil out with a spanner after witnessing him in a physical fight with Martin, who was protecting Kat. Turner explained that Stacey attacks Phil in
Kyle Slater - Misplaced Pages Continue
7872-502: A real dud on paper. (To be honest, we were hoping it would somehow unlock a Sean Slater return – never mind!). But we'll forgive EastEnders for dragging out the secret, as the arrival of down-to-earth Kyle has been a welcome move for his on-screen family this year. With Kyle, Stacey, Martin, Lily and Belinda now a strong unit, there's a new family group on the Square that we can really root for. We also saw that new recruit Riley can excel in
8118-426: A really intense storyline." He added: 'We have always had a big commitment to Stacey's story and this time we want to explore the effects of postpartum psychosis on those with bipolar – something which, although a rare illness, is unfortunately more common when mothers with bipolar give birth – and look at what we are doing as a country to help mothers experiencing this.' Clare Dolman, Bipolar UK's vice chair, said: 'As
8364-420: A return as it was possible that Alison could come back if Kyle stayed on the soap. Months later, Alison (offscreen) acknowledges Kyle as a man. Millington praised EastEnders fans for the "overwhelmingly positive" reception that they have given him and spoke about how his life had changed since joining the soap, commenting that it is "weird to have people following me around in shops!" Millington commented on how
8610-470: A romantic connection between Little Mo's boyfriend Oliver Cousins ( Tom Ellis ) and resident Dawn Swann ( Kara Tointon ). She informs Little Mo of this, resulting in Little Mo and Oliver abruptly splitting up. Despite being initially unimpressed by Walford newcomer Bradley Branning ( Charlie Clements ), she eventually grows to like him and they start dating. Bradley becomes Stacey's first true love. Stacey
8856-417: A series of problems for their marriage, including an abortion and Stacey's scandalous affair with Bradley's father, Max Branning ( Jake Wood ). In 2009, the character was placed in an issue-led storyline when she was diagnosed with bipolar disorder; the show worked with various charities to develop the story. Writers also incorporated Stacey in the " Who Killed Archie? " plot and revealed her as his killer in
9102-468: A stealth life until he joined the soap, explaining, "When I got the role on EastEnders people knew, suddenly, who I was, my identity. They had those questions in their mind regarding my body. It was, at times, quite intrusive." Kyle is introduced in mysterious circumstances and is connected to the mystery of Stacey Slater ( Lacey Turner )'s secret key, which had been a mystery on EastEnders since March 2014. Kyle begins stalking and reveals to her that he
9348-437: A storyline that would continue into "the beginning of 2016 as we explore Stacey's bipolar disorder and its effects on her and those closest to her." The storyline ran from December 2015 to February 2016. Executive Producer Dominic Treadwell-Collins described the storyline as an opportunity to "look at what we are doing as a country to help mothers experiencing this" and also an opportunity to allow Turner to get "her teeth into
9594-460: A strain of SIV found in sooty mangabees. Since HIV-1 is derived from SIVcpz, and HIV-2 from SIVsm, the genetic sequence of HIV-2 is only partially homologous to HIV-1 and more closely resembles that of SIVsm. Many HIV-positive people are unaware that they are infected with the virus. For example, in 2001 less than 1% of the sexually active urban population in Africa had been tested, and this proportion
9840-558: A target T cell via a virological synapse . Secondly, an antigen-presenting cell (APC), such as a macrophage or dendritic cell, can transmit HIV to T cells by a process that either involves productive infection (in the case of macrophages) or capture and transfer of virions in trans (in the case of dendritic cells). Whichever pathway is used, infection by cell-to-cell transfer is reported to be much more efficient than cell-free virus spread. A number of factors contribute to this increased efficiency, including polarised virus budding towards
10086-563: A transgender actress less than a day later. However, one newspaper reported the news of Kyle's character in a mocking tone, which was criticised by politician and former EastEnders actor Michael Cashman . Kyle's character received praise and Millington was nominated for several awards, including Best Newcomer at the 2016 TV Choice awards. The scenes where Kyle is rejected by Alison were considered emotional and praised by critics. Millington praised fans for their positive support and revealed that Kyle's storyline with Alison had managed to reconcile
Kyle Slater - Misplaced Pages Continue
10332-471: A transgender character made British soap opera history, and EastEnders bosses described it as a landmark moment. One of Millington's former tutors at Eccles College told Manchester Evening News that she always knew that Millington was "very talented" and would succeed, adding, "Everyone one at Eccles Sixth Form Centre is very proud of him". Days after the announcement, Millington was pictured filming with Lacey Turner , who portrays Stacey Slater , in what
10578-462: A viewer with her transgender son. Kyle's departure was criticised by fans and critics, with Millington himself expressing disappointment at the way that Kyle did not have development after he came out as trans. In February 2015, EastEnders executive producer Dominic Treadwell-Collins announced at National Student Pride that EastEnders was looking to cast a transgender actor for a transgender storyline. He explained that he wanted to do research on
10824-417: A woman, Eve Unwin ( Heather Peace ), to secure her release from prison, but it is not a romantic relationship. Jean disapproves of the lie and seeks Sean's help in getting Eve to leave; however, Eve returns shortly after. Stacey and Kheerat bond, but their relationship is challenged by Eve's clashes with their landlord and Stacey's nemesis Suki Panesar ( Balvinder Sopal ), who is also Kheerat's mother. Stacey
11070-822: A wrench in Theo's hands to suggest that Freddie was acting in self-defense. Theo is taken to the hospital, and Freddie is arrested but released on bail. Freddie then goes to stay with his mother Little Mo Slater ( Kacey Ainsworth ) in the aftermath of the incident, while Jack informs the Slaters that Theo has given a statement to the police that doesn't match theirs. On the day of Theo's sentencing, Stacey meets him and tries to trick him into pleading guilty for attacking her by promising him they will rekindle their romance once Theo serves his time. The plan works, and Theo pleads guilty. Jack and Stacey grow closer as he supports her with their granddaughter Charli Slater . Stacey drunkenly reveals to Jack
11316-407: A writer from Soaplife speculated that Kyle would change his mind and questioned how Stacey's family would be able to afford the rent after his departure. Kyle cooks a lasagna for his family and then leaves for Marseille , France. Millington's last episode as Kyle aired on 25 November 2016. In 2017, Millington criticised EastEnders for writing him out, and said that he was disappointed that Kyle
11562-561: Is transgender and used to be called Sarah. Stacey is accepting and allows Kyle to move in. Stacey arranges a lunch with Kyle and her family, where Kyle reveals that he is trans after Jean refuses to believe him. Stacey is angry at Jean for her prejudice towards Kyle. Kyle later gets a job as a chef in Ian Beale 's ( Adam Woodyatt ) restaurant. Kyle briefly feuds with Andy Flynn ( Jack Derges ) when he appears to be flirting with Stacey despite her engagement to Martin. Kyle tries to shake Andy off
11808-489: Is "Jenny Smith" and is unaware of her criminal history. Stacey sees Kat leaving and returns to Albert Square to confront her. Kat later tells Luke about Stacey's identity so he ends their relationship and throws both Stacey and Lily out. Stacey and Kat visit Janine in prison to ask her to withdraw the statement she made accusing Stacey of stabbing her. Janine reluctantly agrees, so Stacey can return to Albert Square. Luke visits Stacey, but leaves, after discovering that she murdered
12054-579: Is "Kyle's domain – he can express himself creatively and control his environment." Another storyline involved Kyle in the mystery of Andy Flynn ( Jack Derges ) after Kyle finds a picture of Andy with Danielle Jones ( Lauren Crace ), who was close friends with Stacey before her death. Kyle finds "incriminating evidence" of Andy's "dark secret" – a folder full of pictures of Danielle and her mother, Ronnie Mitchell ( Samantha Womack ) – and asks later Andy about it, who snaps at Kyle and shuts him down, which takes Kyle aback. Kyle later reluctantly tells Ronnie about
12300-456: Is an adaptation for repair of genome damage, and that recombinational variation is a byproduct that may provide a separate benefit. The final step of the viral cycle, assembly of new HIV-1 virions, begins at the plasma membrane of the host cell. The Env polyprotein (gp160) goes through the endoplasmic reticulum and is transported to the Golgi apparatus where it is cleaved by furin resulting in
12546-563: Is anxious about the new baby. Carmel admits to calling social services and as Stacey shouts at her and Kush, she suffers an eclamptic seizure and is rushed to the hospital. Stacey has to deliver the baby prematurely due to a lack of oxygen; they name their daughter Hope Fowler . Stacey supports Max after he is rejected by his family. Martin becomes worried about their history, so Stacey asks Max to leave; they then have sex. Tanya returns and realises that they had sex, so tells Stacey about Max murdering Steven Beale ( Aaron Sidwell ). Stacey confesses
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#173289172741812792-502: Is at high risk of having it too but cannot be tested or operated on due to his age. Carmel is horrified to find bruises on Arthur's arms and expresses concern that Stacey is unwell. When Lily tells her that Stacey was responsible, Carmel reports her to social services, who place the children in Carmel's care pending investigation. They are cleared of any wrongdoing and a social worker tells Stacey and Martin that Lily feels pushed out by Arthur and
13038-443: Is attacked and raped by Archie Mitchell ( Larry Lamb ) in the launderette. Stacey's illness convinces her that both men are planning to kill her and after attacking Archie with a broken glass, Stacey is involuntarily committed . Stacey returns home with Becca Swanson (Simone James), a girl she befriended at the mental hospital. Upon her release, Bradley confesses his feelings for Stacey and they reconcile. Stacey then discovers she
13284-417: Is being bullied. Jean refuses to take her medication unless Lily gives it to her and convinces Lily she has bipolar disorder too, leading Lily to take the medication as well. Stacey confronts Jean, who accidentally pushes her onto broken glass, causing Stacey to develop sepsis and collapse. Jean then decides to voluntarily admit herself to a psychiatric unit. Stacey is later devastated when Kheerat confesses to
13530-587: Is blamed for Stacey's mental health issues, which leads Kyle to reveal to Stacey that he is transgender and was originally called Sarah. Stacey is accepting of Kyle and they bond, with Kyle moving into her house. Kyle gets a job as a chef and briefly has a feud with Andy Flynn ( Jack Derges ). Producers cast Denise Welch as Alison Slater , Kyle's mother, for an emotional episode where Alison tells her son that she cannot accept him. Another storyline saw Kyle blackmail Steven Beale ( Aaron Sidwell ) after discovering that he robbed his own restaurant. In September 2016, it
13776-507: Is bound with the CD4 protein, the envelope complex undergoes a structural change, exposing the chemokine receptor binding domains of gp120 and allowing them to interact with the target chemokine receptor. This allows for a more stable two-pronged attachment, which allows the N-terminal fusion peptide gp41 to penetrate the cell membrane. Repeat sequences in gp41, HR1, and HR2 then interact, causing
14022-521: Is continuing" and joked that " Albert Square is going to be pretty empty at this rate". A writer from Hello! reported how fans were left "baffled" and shocked by the news of Kyle's departure after the announcement of several other upcoming exits, with fans writing their shock and disappointment over the "countless" cast departures. The writer observed that there "must be something in the water" at EastEnders due to "yet another cast member" announcing their exit. Duncan Lindsay from Metro wrote that Kyle
14268-424: Is even lower in rural populations. Furthermore, in 2001 only 0.5% of pregnant women attending urban health facilities were counselled, tested or received their test results. Again, this proportion is even lower in rural health facilities. Since donors may therefore be unaware of their infection, donor blood and blood products used in medicine and medical research are routinely screened for HIV. HIV-1 testing
14514-414: Is eventually sent down for his crimes. On Christmas Day 2023, Stacey helps to cover up the murder of Keanu Taylor ( Danny Walters ) during " The Six " storyline, and later has an affair with Jack Branning ( Scott Maslen ). Turner is expected to take a third maternity leave in early 2025. The character has proven popular with fans and critics alike, and Turner has won over thirty awards for her portrayal,
14760-513: Is for Brian's safety deposit box in a bank. Stacey finds the box empty and confronts Jean, who reveals that Brian had another family with another woman, and that Kyle has been trying to contact her and Stacey through letters; Stacey realises that Kyle is her half-brother. Stacey gives birth at Lily's nativity play and Martin names the baby Arthur Fowler , after his father. When Kush holds the baby, his behaviour makes Shabnam realise that he could be Arthur's father; she confronts Stacey, who denies Kush
15006-425: Is glad that he is not alone. This devastates Kyle, but Stacey tells him that there is hope. Kyle is happy when Stacey and Martin get married. Kyle finds Andy's file filled with photos and newspaper clips of Ronnie Mitchell ( Samantha Womack ), and when he asks Andy he tells him that it is not his business. The restaurant that Kyle is working at is robbed, and Kyle later finds out that Steven Beale ( Aaron Sidwell )
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#173289172741815252-514: Is her half-brother. Kyle tries to reveal himself to Stacey and comes to Walford with his close friends Sophie Dodd ( Poppy Rush ) and Ricksy Hicks (Joel Phillimore) as support. Kyle tells Stacey that he is her half-brother and they talk about their father. Kyle tells Stacey about his sisters, Siobhan and Shannon, and gives Stacey envelopes that were in Brian's safety deposit box for her and her brother Sean ( Robert Kazinsky ). Stacey realises that Kyle
15498-462: Is her paternal half-brother, but Stacey's dying great uncle, Charlie Slater ( Derek Martin ) says that Stacey's father, Brian Slater, only had daughters (in addition to Sean ( Robert Kazinsky )). However, EastEnders bosses confirmed that Kyle is Stacey's brother and was assigned female at birth. Kyle is thought to be Stacey's stalker and is blamed for the deterioration of her mental health. Kyle repeatedly tries to get Stacey to believe that they have
15744-464: Is high as the glycans shield the underlying viral protein from neutralisation by antibodies. This is one of the most densely glycosylated molecules known and the density is sufficiently high to prevent the normal maturation process of glycans during biogenesis in the endoplasmic and Golgi apparatus. The majority of the glycans are therefore stalled as immature 'high-mannose' glycans not normally present on human glycoproteins that are secreted or present on
15990-426: Is hired as the market inspector but quits the job in favor of opening her own market stall, "Stacey's Baps," selling sandwiches. Stacey helps Kheerat to flee when he attacks Gray Atkins ( Toby-Alexander Smith ) and learns that Gray killed Kush. Stacey becomes concerned about Jean's erratic behavior and her relationship with Harvey Monroe ( Ross Boatman ). Jean begins to act nastily towards Stacey and takes Arthur to
16236-532: Is hospitalised and on his return, he convinces Janine he loves her but later publicly declares his love for Stacey in The Vic. Janine concedes defeat until Lauren, who still believes Max is emotionally involved with Stacey, gives Janine the recorded confession. The next day, Janine attempts to play the recording in front of customers in The Vic, but it has been recorded over because Lauren warned Max. Janine says that Stacey killed Archie but no one believes her. Stacey leaves
16482-399: Is initially done using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect antibodies to HIV-1. Specimens with a non-reactive result from the initial ELISA are considered HIV-negative, unless new exposure to an infected partner or partner of unknown HIV status has occurred. Specimens with a reactive ELISA result are retested in duplicate. If the result of either duplicate test is reactive,
16728-410: Is introduced as a feisty and troublesome teenager and extension to the already established Slater family . She was created by scriptwriter Tony Jordan with Turner in mind. Producers explored the character's backstory with the introduction of her mother, Jean Slater ( Gillian Wright ), who has bipolar disorder . They then paired Stacey with Bradley Branning ( Charlie Clements ) and writers developed
16974-624: Is investigating her disappearance, sees her and warns her to leave Walford before he reports her to the police. After an argument with Stacey, Jack reports Eve to the police. On Christmas Day, Suki decides to leave Nish for Eve, and Stacey finds her escaping from the Panesar house. They hide in The Queen Vic, accompanied by Denise, Sharon Watts ( Letitia Dean ), Linda Carter, and Kathy Cotton ( Gillian Taylforth ). Nish soon arrives, and after Suki ends their marriage, he turns violent. Denise hits Nish over
17220-461: Is involved in a bus crash, he and Stacey decide to have a baby. When Carmel feels excluded from Arthur's life, she and Stacey fight; Carmel makes remarks about Stacey's mental health, so Stacey briefly bans her from seeing Arthur. Stacey tells Martin that she is pregnant and they agree to seek medical advice regarding her postpartum psychosis. When Kush is diagnosed with the hereditary Brugada Syndrome , Stacey becomes worried for Arthur; they learn he
17466-470: Is jealous by Shabnam's pregnancy, and reconciles with Martin. Jean returns and is angry to find the key; Stacey is curious and tries to learn more, but Jean pretends to flush the key down the toilet. Stacey becomes pregnant, but Martin asks her to terminate it; however, she decides to keep the baby and Martin supports her decision. Stacey is spooked when a man - Kyle ( Riley Carter Millington ) - she does not know begins to follow her. When Stacey learns Martin
17712-424: Is just a front and "underneath she's very vulnerable". Turner has described her character as a cross between two other EastEnders characters, Janine Butcher and Kat Slater, saying: "She's very naughty, but she has her reasons for her nastiness." Over the course of the character's narrative, it was revealed that one of the reasons for Stacey's tough and malicious exterior was her troubled family life — specifically
17958-447: Is largely confined to West Africa . HIV is similar in structure to other retroviruses. It is roughly spherical with a diameter of about 120 nm , around 100,000 times smaller in volume than a red blood cell . It is composed of two copies of positive- sense single-stranded RNA that codes for the virus' nine genes enclosed by a conical capsid composed of 2,000 copies of the viral protein p24 . The single-stranded RNA
18204-438: Is later revealed to be part of a bet with his girlfriend Janine Butcher ( Charlie Brooks ). Upset by this revelation, Stacey's water breaks. Ryan stays with her as she gives birth to her daughter, whom she names Lily . When Ryan later rescues them from a fire at The Queen Victoria public house , Stacey admits that he is Lily's father. Ryan initially refuses to act as a parent to her, but he eventually bonds with Lily when given
18450-475: Is lying about his identity, so Stacey accuses Kyle of being the devil. When she sees a vision of Charlie, Stacey returns to Walford. During a storm, she takes Arthur to the Queen Vic roof, believing God is coming for him. Martin finds them and Stacey explains that Arthur was sent from God and she is waiting for God to rescue them. Martin follows the story and convinces Stacey to come home. Martin convinces Stacey that
18696-601: Is more likely, leading to immunodeficiency. Three groups of HIV-1 have been identified on the basis of differences in the envelope ( env ) region: M, N, and O. Group M is the most prevalent and is subdivided into eight subtypes (or clades ), based on the whole genome, which are geographically distinct. The most prevalent are subtypes B (found mainly in North America and Europe), A and D (found mainly in Africa), and C (found mainly in Africa and Asia); these subtypes form branches in
18942-613: Is my favourite actress. I've watched the show since I was about four years old, and I used to live in a house that backed onto the EastEnders set so I used to watch them filming all the time. I always dreamt of being on the show and so I can't believe that I've fulfilled my greatest ambition!" She added, "I'm not like Stacey at all although I love playing her! She's a real challenge [...] I think people are going to love to hate her like they did with [the character] Janine Butcher ." EastEnders scriptwriter Tony Jordan revealed that he created
19188-476: Is not her "Sarah" anymore, though she says that she is happy that he is not alone. Alison's firm refusal to spend more time getting to know Kyle leaves him "distraught and wishing she'd never visited at all", but Stacey suggests that there is hope as Alison had taken the flowers that Kyle bought for her. Alison's stint aired in Episode 5276 , originally broadcast on 3 May 2016. Welch later said that she would not rule out
19434-569: Is not her brother, she believes that he is the Devil and runs away. Kyle is warned off by Martin and Kush Kazemi ( Davood Ghadami ). Kyle then returns at Charlie Slater 's ( Derek Martin ) funeral, which causes Stacey to freak out and flee with Arthur. Kyle returns a month later to give Stacey a box from Brian's safety deposit box. Martin blames Kyle for Stacey's Postpartum psychosis and being sectioned and warns him away from Walford. Kyle later visits Stacey during her home visit and explains to her that he
19680-462: Is organised but Jean arrives and tells Stacey that Kat is not dead. It transpires that Mo is using Kat dying to raise money for a debt she owes. Kat returns and starts a cleaning business with Stacey, Jean and Mo. Stacey and Martin also reconcile. Stacey and her former friend Ruby Allen reunite and attend Martin's school reunion. The following day, Ruby confides in Stacey that she was raped by one of Martin's friends. Stacey encourages her to report it to
19926-400: Is planning to propose, she tells him that she doesn't want to get married again; they commit to each other instead. Stacey is electrocuted by a faulty electric socket; at hospital, she learns that she is having a boy. When Shabnam finds the hidden baby scan, Stacey throws her out of the flat and tears up the scan photo. She later tells Shabnam that Martin is not the father and the real father was
20172-565: Is pregnant at the age of 12 amidst financial difficulties, causing Stacey to sell lingerie photos of herself for money on SecretCam, an OnlyFans -style website. Stacey is later stalked by her subscriber who is revealed to be Lily’s tutor Theo Hawthorne ( William Ellis ). Theo attempts to rape Stacey but she is saved by her cousin Freddie Slater ( Bobby Brazier ); Stacey and her wife Eve Unwin ( Heather Peace ) try to protect Freddie from going to prison by framing Theo for attempted GBH, but Theo
20418-555: Is present as both free virus particles and virus within infected immune cells . Research has shown (for both same-sex and opposite-sex couples) that HIV is not contagious during sexual intercourse without a condom if the HIV-positive partner has a consistently undetectable viral load . HIV infects vital cells in the human immune system, such as helper T cells (specifically CD4 T cells), macrophages , and dendritic cells . HIV infection leads to low levels of CD4 T cells through
20664-488: Is revealed that he has a similar key around his neck that Stacey used to have. Kyle sits behind Stacey at a Church service and she asks him if she knows him, but he leaves when she notices him. Stacey tells her boyfriend Martin Fowler ( James Bye ) and her mother Jean Slater ( Gillian Wright ) that she is being stalked, and Jean discloses that she was visited by someone. Jean eventually reveals that Stacey's father, Brian Slater, had another family, and Stacey realises that Kyle
20910-470: Is revealed, they reunite in December 2009 following Stacey's diagnosis with bipolar disorder (see below). Executive producer Diederick Santer commented on the storyline, saying "Bradley and Stacey are together – that's what I want, that's what the audience wants and that's what the characters want. Together, they're very strong and they can take on the world. She's good with him, she takes her medication and on
21156-754: Is stunned when Sean appears back in her life after seven years, but is happy to have her brother back. Stacey's relationship with Bradley hits a rough patch when Stacey discovers she has been impregnated by Bradley and he urges her to have an abortion. Stacey reluctantly has the abortion and their romance sours. Bradley calls time on his relationship with Stacey when she embarrasses him at a work party. To get back at Bradley, Stacey seduces his father Max Branning ( Jake Wood ). Subsequently, they begin an affair. Although they agreed that it would only be about sex, Stacey falls in love with Max, but Max rejects her. Eventually, Max also falls for Stacey and agrees to leave his wife, Tanya Branning ( Jo Joyner ). However, Max has this on
21402-403: Is surprised to find Max and Ruby together and would not have paired them together, although the actress liked the pairing and thought it made "a great twist". The story also revisits Stacey's feelings for Max, despite her marriage to Martin. Turner noted that despite being secure in her future with Martin, Stacey will "always have a connection with Max", stemming from their past together. The plot
21648-676: Is the father. Kat learns that Martin is not Arthur's father and urges Stacey to tell him the truth. As Stacey prepares to, Kyle approaches and formally introduces himself as her half-brother. Stacey begins to fear for Arthur's safety and takes refuge in the church, where Dot Branning ( June Brown ) tells her the story of the Massacre of the Innocents , causing Stacey to believe that Arthur is in danger; she then unsuccessfully attempts to baptise Arthur. Stacey learns that Charlie has died, so flees and asks Kyle to join her; Martin calls her and claims that Kyle
21894-501: Is the only one of Brian's children whose name does not begin with an S. They agree to stay in touch, and Kyle tells Sophie that he does not want Stacey to know his secret. When Stacey has a mental breakdown, she runs away from Walford with her baby Arthur Fowler and calls Kyle, feeling he is the only one she can trust. Kyle takes Stacey to a café and calls Martin, who calls Kyle a fraud due to finding out that Brian only had daughters with his other family. When Martin tells Stacey that Kyle
22140-538: Is the same as sexuality [...] but Kyle's not gay". Millington believed that it would be interesting to see Kyle dating women. Many of Kyle's storylines have revolved around his and Stacey's family connections. Kyle begins working as a chef for Ian Beale ( Adam Woodyatt ). Kyle's official BBC character profile revealed that Kyle's aspiration is to be a "top chef", having previously run the kitchen at Alison's Bed and breakfast in Blackpool. The profile revealed that kitchen
22386-438: Is three months pregnant, which means Bradley cannot be the father. On Christmas Day, Stacey tells Bradley that Archie raped her and he must be the father. Archie is murdered that night by an unknown assailant. Stacey and Bradley agree to pretend the baby is theirs, and remarry on 18 February 2010. A jealous Becca reveals the rape to Archie's eldest daughter Ronnie Mitchell ( Samantha Womack ), who tells Stacey that Archie cannot be
22632-412: Is tightly bound to nucleocapsid proteins, p7, and enzymes needed for the development of the virion such as reverse transcriptase , proteases , ribonuclease and integrase . A matrix composed of the viral protein p17 surrounds the capsid ensuring the integrity of the virion particle. This is, in turn, surrounded by the viral envelope , that is composed of the lipid bilayer taken from the membrane of
22878-495: Is told to leave. Belinda informs Stacey and Martin that they may have to move out as their pre-paid rent runs out soon. While Martin works away from home to earn money, Stacey befriends Andy Flynn ( Jack Derges ) and invites him to stay. Stacey receives forgiveness from Peggy before she dies. She and Martin then marry. The flat becomes overcrowded when Martin's teenage daughter, Bex Fowler ( Jasmine Armfield ), moves in with them, so they move into Number 31 Albert Square. After Martin
23124-534: Is unknown how often such mixed packaging occurs under natural conditions. Bonhoeffer et al. suggested that template switching by reverse transcriptase acts as a repair process to deal with breaks in the single-stranded RNA genome. In addition, Hu and Temin suggested that recombination is an adaptation for repair of damage in the RNA genomes. Strand switching (copy-choice recombination) by reverse transcriptase could generate an undamaged copy of genomic DNA from two damaged single-stranded RNA genome copies. This view of
23370-473: Is upset when Martin and Ruby marry. Stacey and Ruby develop a feud, and Stacey is attacked by a man hired by Ruby but is found by Kheerat Panesar ( Jaz Deol ). They bond over their deceased partners and end up having sex. Kheerat offers Stacey a job as a receptionist at his business. Stacey mistakenly receives a Christmas present from Martin and kisses him, but Martin rejects her. Ruby fakes a pregnancy to save her marriage and, while arguing with Stacey, falls down
23616-633: The African green monkey (SIVagm) and sooty mangabey (SIVsmm) are thought to have a long evolutionary history with their hosts. These hosts have adapted to the presence of the virus, which is present at high levels in the host's blood, but evokes only a mild immune response, does not cause the development of simian AIDS, and does not undergo the extensive mutation and recombination typical of HIV infection in humans. In contrast, when these strains infect species that have not adapted to SIV ("heterologous" or similar hosts such as rhesus or cynomologus macaques ),
23862-541: The CCR5-Δ32 mutation are resistant to infection by the R5 virus, as the mutation leaves HIV unable to bind to this co-receptor, reducing its ability to infect target cells. Sexual intercourse is the major mode of HIV transmission. Both X4 and R5 HIV are present in the seminal fluid , which enables the virus to be transmitted from a male to his sexual partner . The virions can then infect numerous cellular targets and disseminate into
24108-413: The EastEnders story team had worked with Millington to make Kyle "fresh and relatable" and hoped that fans would quickly take him "to their hearts". The producer also stressed that casting Millington was not an act of tokenism , calling the actor an "inspirational young man whose warmth immediately comes through the screen" in addition to a "talented" actor. EastEnders casting a transgender actor to play
24354-452: The HIV diagnosis of Mark Fowler ( Todd Carty ) and the first gay kiss on a British soap opera, adding that the soap has "always led the way in changing audience perceptions about 'difference'". He believed that it was the "duty" big shows like EastEnders to tell stories about transgender people, saying, "I think people aren't as forward-thinking as we'd like to think they are. The more we can show
24600-445: The adsorption of glycoproteins on its surface to receptors on the target cell followed by fusion of the viral envelope with the target cell membrane and the release of the HIV capsid into the cell. Entry to the cell begins through interaction of the trimeric envelope complex ( gp160 spike) on the HIV viral envelope and both CD4 and a chemokine co-receptor (generally either CCR5 or CXCR4 , but others are known to interact) on
24846-421: The gag polyproteins still need to be cleaved into the actual matrix, capsid and nucleocapsid proteins. This cleavage is mediated by the packaged viral protease and can be inhibited by antiretroviral drugs of the protease inhibitor class. The various structural components then assemble to produce a mature HIV virion. Only mature virions are then able to infect another cell. The classical process of infection of
25092-514: The microtubule -based transport to the nucleus, the viral single-strand RNA genome is transcribed into double-strand DNA, which is then integrated into a host chromosome. HIV can infect dendritic cells (DCs) by this CD4-CCR5 route, but another route using mannose-specific C-type lectin receptors such as DC-SIGN can also be used. DCs are one of the first cells encountered by the virus during sexual transmission. They are currently thought to play an important role by transmitting HIV to T cells when
25338-403: The phylogenetic tree representing the lineage of the M group of HIV-1. Co-infection with distinct subtypes gives rise to circulating recombinant forms (CRFs). In 2000, the last year in which an analysis of global subtype prevalence was made, 47.2% of infections worldwide were of subtype C, 26.7% were of subtype A/CRF02_AG, 12.3% were of subtype B, 5.3% were of subtype D, 3.2% were of CRF_AE, and
25584-438: The α -chemokine receptor, CXCR4 , for entry. Dual-tropic HIV-1 strains are thought to be transitional strains of HIV-1 and thus are able to use both CCR5 and CXCR4 as co-receptors for viral entry. The α -chemokine SDF-1 , a ligand for CXCR4, suppresses replication of T-tropic HIV-1 isolates. It does this by down-regulating the expression of CXCR4 on the surface of HIV target cells. M-tropic HIV-1 isolates that use only
25830-427: The β -chemokine receptor, CCR5 , for entry and are thus able to replicate in both macrophages and CD4 T cells. This CCR5 co-receptor is used by almost all primary HIV-1 isolates regardless of viral genetic subtype. Indeed, macrophages play a key role in several critical aspects of HIV infection. They appear to be the first cells infected by HIV and perhaps the source of HIV production when CD4 cells become depleted in
26076-583: The CCR5 receptor are termed R5; those that use only CXCR4 are termed X4, and those that use both, X4R5. However, the use of co-receptors alone does not explain viral tropism, as not all R5 viruses are able to use CCR5 on macrophages for a productive infection and HIV can also infect a subtype of myeloid dendritic cells , which probably constitute a reservoir that maintains infection when CD4 T cell numbers have declined to extremely low levels. Some people are resistant to certain strains of HIV. For example, people with
26322-405: The DIS (dimerization initiation signal) hairpin is exposed. The formation of the gRNA dimer is mediated by a 'kissing' interaction between the DIS hairpin loops of the gRNA monomers. At the same time, certain guanosine residues in the gRNA are made available for binding of the nucleocapsid (NC) protein leading to the subsequent virion assembly. The labile gRNA dimer has been also reported to achieve
26568-419: The HIV env gene, allows the virus to attach to target cells and fuse the viral envelope with the target cell's membrane releasing the viral contents into the cell and initiating the infectious cycle. As the sole viral protein on the surface of the virus, the envelope protein is a major target for HIV vaccine efforts. Over half of the mass of the trimeric envelope spike is N-linked glycans . The density
26814-441: The HIV protein-coding sequences is translated. Mature HIV mRNAs are exported from the nucleus into the cytoplasm , where they are translated to produce HIV proteins, including Rev . As the newly produced Rev protein is produced it moves to the nucleus, where it binds to full-length, unspliced copies of virus RNAs and allows them to leave the nucleus. Some of these full-length RNAs function as mRNAs that are translated to produce
27060-570: The HIV virological synapse in vivo . The many dissemination mechanisms available to HIV contribute to the virus' ongoing replication in spite of anti-retroviral therapies. HIV differs from many viruses in that it has very high genetic variability . This diversity is a result of its fast replication cycle , with the generation of about 10 virions every day, coupled with a high mutation rate of approximately 3 x 10 per nucleotide base per cycle of replication and recombinogenic properties of reverse transcriptase. This complex scenario leads to
27306-516: The LTR promoter acting by binding the TAR RNA element. The TAR may also be processed into microRNAs that regulate the apoptosis genes ERCC1 and IER3 . The rev protein (p19) is involved in shuttling RNAs from the nucleus and the cytoplasm by binding to the RRE RNA element. The vif protein (p23) prevents the action of APOBEC3G (a cellular protein that deaminates cytidine to uridine in
27552-512: The Rainbow List. After decades of directors arguing that there were not any transgender actors to cast in high-profile roles, Millington is proving them wrong. Our judges felt his decision to play the character Kyle in EastEnders could help trans people – even save lives – and represents a landmark cultural moment." Morrison also called the decision to introduce Kyle a "trailblazing move". Millington
27798-462: The Slaters, eventually growing close to them. In early 2005, Stacey befriends Ruby Allen ( Louisa Lytton ), the daughter of gangster Johnny Allen ( Billy Murray ), and they later become best friends, despite falling out a few times and disapproval from Johnny. Stacey also becomes heavily involved in the murder of Den Watts ( Leslie Grantham ) when she gives her cousin Zoe Slater ( Michelle Ryan )
28044-463: The Square just as we were getting to know him, but we liked him a lot", and suggested that Kyle could return with his sisters Shannon and Siobhan "in tow". Stacey Slater Stacey Slater (also Branning and Fowler ) is a fictional character from the BBC soap opera EastEnders , portrayed by Lacey Turner . She first appears in episode 2826, originally broadcast on 1 November 2004. The character
28290-433: The U.S.: Although IFA can be used to confirm infection in these ambiguous cases, this assay is not widely used. In general, a second specimen should be collected more than a month later and retested for persons with indeterminate western blot results. Although much less commonly available, nucleic acid testing (e.g., viral RNA or proviral DNA amplification method) can also help diagnosis in certain situations. In addition,
28536-468: The actress noted, "But in true Stacey style, she will just put on a front and pretend she doesn't care." Turner's second maternity leave was announced on 21 September 2020, prior to Stacey's return from the actress' first maternity leave. It was revealed that she would take a six-month break from the soap. Speaking to Annabel Zammit from OK! magazine, Turner pledged her devotion to staying with EastEnders and said that she hoped to remain there until she
28782-409: The adaptive benefit of recombination in HIV could explain why each HIV particle contains two complete genomes, rather than one. Furthermore, the view that recombination is a repair process implies that the benefit of repair can occur at each replication cycle, and that this benefit can be realized whether or not the two genomes differ genetically. On the view that recombination in HIV is a repair process,
29028-423: The advent of AIDS. HIV-positive patients acquire an enormously broad spectrum of opportunistic infections, which was particularly problematic prior to the onset of HAART therapies; however, the same infections are reported among HIV-infected patients examined post-mortem following the onset of antiretroviral therapies. Thus, during the course of infection, viral adaptation to the use of CXCR4 instead of CCR5 may be
29274-481: The affair to Martin and explains that they never have time for themselves. Although Martin decides to forgive Stacey, she takes the children to stay with Jean. When she returns, they argue and he throws her out, but she regains control of the house. Stacey's relative, Hayley Slater ( Katie Jarvis ), arrives and helps Stacey when Martin seeks a childcare arrangement. Stacey is devastated when Big Mo returns with news of Kat's death; she and Martin then have sex. A fundraiser
29520-676: The airport as the police arrive on the Square. At the airport, Max tells her he loves her and offers to leave with her, but she tells him she only ever loved Bradley. She and Lily then board a flight and leave the country. The next day, Kat Moon ( Jessie Wallace ) receives a phone call from Stacey, saying that she and Lily are safe and well in Mexico . Kat sees Stacey from the top deck of a bus in London . Kat finds out where she lives and visits, where she meets Lily (Aine Garvey) and Stacey's boyfriend, Luke Riley ( Matt Willis ). Luke believes that Stacey's name
29766-403: The animals develop AIDS and the virus generates genetic diversity similar to what is seen in human HIV infection. Chimpanzee SIV (SIVcpz), the closest genetic relative of HIV-1, is associated with increased mortality and AIDS-like symptoms in its natural host. SIVcpz appears to have been transmitted relatively recently to chimpanzee and human populations, so their hosts have not yet adapted to
30012-570: The announcement of Kyle changed the announcement of her casting, explaining, " Hollyoaks originally wanted to just bring me in as a teacher and let people go, 'Is she trans or isn't she?', because I look a certain way and it's fine. But what happened was that EastEnders put out their big press release about Riley Millington. It was the week before my press release was about to be released, so our press office went, 'We better make sure people know about Annie as well'. We announced it within 24 hours of each other". As Sally debuted before Kyle, Wallace became
30258-556: The appearance, her voice was heard speaking to Kush over the phone about Arthur and Jean. On 30 June 2020, it was reported that Turner had returned to filming alongside Wallace, who had been suspended earlier in the year, marking the actress' full-time return after her maternity leave. Turner's return to filming coincided with the soap's return to filming following a break due to the COVID-19 pandemic , and Stacey returns in episode 6133, originally broadcast on 21 September 2020, two weeks after
30504-497: The average survival time after infection with HIV is estimated to be 9 to 11 years, depending on the HIV subtype . In most cases, HIV is a sexually transmitted infection and occurs by contact with or transfer of blood , pre-ejaculate , semen , and vaginal fluids . Non-sexual transmission can occur from an infected mother to her infant during pregnancy , during childbirth by exposure to her blood or vaginal fluid, and through breast milk . Within these bodily fluids, HIV
30750-430: The baby gives Stacey a reason to live following Bradley's death. However, she predicted in an interview on the official EastEnders website that Bradley's death would lead to a permanent change in Stacey's character, saying that Stacey would struggle with motherhood. On 29 April 2010, Turner's decision to leave the show was announced after she expressed a desire to pursue other roles. She said of her departure: "I've had
30996-422: The back foot". Daniel Kilkelly from Digital Spy teased the storyline by writing "No more Mr Nice Guy..." and questioned whether Steven had met his match or if Kyle would be forced to back down. "I will always be so grateful to the BBC for creating a landmark moment in history by casting me as the first trans actor to play a transgender role in UK soap history. It's pretty special, right? The BBC not only gave me
31242-546: The blame for Keanu's murder and hands himself in to the police. Stacey later finds out that Martin has a two-year old son with Ruby and comes face to face with her once again, Martin tells Stacey he is going to apply for full custody of his son. In September 2004, an official BBC press release announced an addition to the popular Slater family ; the new "feisty female" named Stacey Slater, Charlie Slater 's teenage great-niece and cousin-once-removed to Lynne , Kat , Belinda and Little Mo , and second cousin to Zoe . According to
31488-431: The blame for her. When she finally told him while they were packing on their wedding night, Stacey offered to confess to the police herself, but he convinced her to flee Walford with him, regardless, out of his love for her. Reasoning that Bradley only wanted Stacey to be happy, Max brings her back home. Stacey realises Ryan is the father of her baby, but decides not to tell him. He exhibits a romantic interest in her, which
31734-592: The cell as new virus particles that will begin the replication cycle anew. Two types of HIV have been characterized: HIV-1 and HIV-2. HIV-1 is the virus that was initially discovered and termed both lymphadenopathy associated virus (LAV) and human T-lymphotropic virus 3 (HTLV-III). HIV-1 is more virulent and more infective than HIV-2, and is the cause of the majority of HIV infections globally. The lower infectivity of HIV-2, compared to HIV-1, implies that fewer of those exposed to HIV-2 will be infected per exposure. Due to its relatively poor capacity for transmission, HIV-2
31980-470: The cell types a virus infects. HIV can infect a variety of immune cells such as CD4 T cells , macrophages , and microglial cells . HIV-1 entry to macrophages and CD4 T cells is mediated through interaction of the virion envelope glycoproteins (gp120) with the CD4 molecule on the target cells' membrane and also with chemokine co-receptors . Macrophage-tropic (M-tropic) strains of HIV-1, or non- syncytia -inducing strains (NSI; now called R5 viruses ) use
32226-546: The chance to look after her. Janine grows increasingly jealous and it eventually escalates to her kidnapping Lily, but Ryan gets her back. Stacey and Ryan grow closer, spending time together, and they share a kiss. During this time, Lauren (now played by Jacqueline Jossa ) discovers Stacey murdered Archie and records a confession on her phone. Stacey attempts to flee to Palma, Majorca , but Ryan stops her and confesses his feelings for her. They start an affair, but, unbeknownst to them, Janine finds out and poisons Ryan in revenge. Ryan
32472-404: The character of Archie Mitchell ( Larry Lamb ) murdered by an unseen person when the bronze bust of Queen Victoria was pushed from the bar of The Queen Victoria public house onto his head. Prior to this, Stacey had told Bradley that Archie raped her when she was suffering from bipolar disorder and she was pregnant with his child. A live episode broadcast on 19 February 2010 revealed Stacey as
32718-512: The character with Turner in mind: "I first met Lacey when she came to a casting workshop for the Miller family ... She was leaning against a wall and looked just like Kat Slater , played by Wallace. I thought she would be perfect for the Slater family so I wrote in Stacey's character especially for Lacey." The character appears to be tough, stubborn, fiery and very bitchy, however, as Turner explains, this
32964-412: The children's belongings. Martin then receives divorce papers from Stacey's lawyer. A year later, Ruby discovers that Stacey has been illegally withdrawing money from her bank account after finding out about her relationship with Martin. Stacey returns to Walford, and Ruby blackmails her into staying until she repays the money. Stacey is surprised to learn that Martin lied about cheating to protect her and
33210-454: The collapse of the extracellular portion of gp41 into a hairpin shape. This loop structure brings the virus and cell membranes close together, allowing fusion of the membranes and subsequent entry of the viral capsid. After HIV has bound to the target cell, the HIV RNA and various enzymes, including reverse transcriptase, integrase, ribonuclease, and protease, are injected into the cell. During
33456-410: The concerning folders that he found of , which leads to Ronnie finding out Andy's true identity. Kyle later finds out that Steven Beale ( Aaron Sidwell ) was behind the robbery at their restaurant when someone arrives to complain about the kitchen equipment that Steven had sold them. Kyle confronts Steven about it, who manages to buy his "silence" by sending Kyle off to an expensive cooking course with
33702-476: The cooking course, Kyle is featured in a magazine and is headhunted for a job in France. Kyle wants to take the job but does not want to worsen Stacey and Martin's money problems. However, Stacey, Martin and Ian encourage Kyle to take the job and follow his dreams. Kyle's confidence is boosted when Alison phones him and calls him Kyle for the first time. Kyle then cooks a final time for his family and leaves. Following
33948-439: The death of her father, disappearance of her brother, and her mother's bipolar disorder . Addressed in a storyline that aired in December 2005, Stacey returned to live with her "disturbed" mother Jean , played by Gillian Wright , during one of her breakdowns. Jean, who "sank into the dark despair of her illness", was living in squalor, off her medication, starved, suicidal , and being abused and ridiculed by her neighbours. Stacey
34194-412: The death of her friend Danielle Jones ( Lauren Crace ), Stacey begins behaving erratically. She steals money from her family, sleeps with various men on the go and becomes a heavy drinker. She is diagnosed with bipolar disorder, but is non-compliant with her medication and becomes paranoid, experiencing hallucinations. Around this time, Stacey has a one-night-stand with Ryan Malloy ( Neil McDermott ) and
34440-447: The development of AIDS. HIV is a member of the genus Lentivirus , part of the family Retroviridae . Lentiviruses have many morphologies and biological properties in common. Many species are infected by lentiviruses, which are characteristically responsible for long-duration illnesses with a long incubation period . Lentiviruses are transmitted as single-stranded , positive- sense , enveloped RNA viruses . Upon entry into
34686-577: The development of stable recombinant forms of the viral spike by the introduction of an intersubunit disulphide bond and an isoleucine to proline mutation ( radical replacement of an amino acid) in gp41. The so-called SOSIP trimers not only reproduce the antigenic properties of the native viral spike, but also display the same degree of immature glycans as presented on the native virus. Recombinant trimeric viral spikes are promising vaccine candidates as they display less non-neutralising epitopes than recombinant monomeric gp120, which act to suppress
34932-448: The emotional scenes too, when Kyle was rejected by his mum Alison for being transgender. Things have maybe been a little too quiet for Kyle since then, so let's hope he gets another chance to shine again soon." Kilkelly also called Kyle "Stacey's kind-hearted". He questioned whether Kyle would expose Steven and hoped that he would not make the same mistake that he did with Andy by not telling people for weeks. Kilkelly wrote "hurrah!" when it
35178-446: The experience of Stacey — who is such a well-loved and popular character. The degree of research and consultancy they have undertaken to ensure an accurate and honest portrayal of how mental distress affects not only the individual but also family and friends is to be commended. ... We hope ... to dispel the myths about mental health problems and help the public to be more informed about this issue." On 25 December 2009, storylines showed
35424-479: The face of it, she's the Stacey Slater we've always known. As ever with Stacey, though, there's a lot hidden. There are a lot of vulnerabilities there but she and Bradley want to make a go of things." The 2007 Christmas Day episode in which the affair was revealed is one of the most iconic episodes in EastEnders history and was watched by 14.34 million viewers, becoming the shows' biggest rating in three years and
35670-418: The family, creating a "horrible and uncomfortable atmosphere" for the remaining family members. Turner stated that Stacey feels "betrayed" by Kat siding with Kush as they have been through so much together. Writers developed the story by having Kush and Stacey involve legal services. A show insider found the story "daft" and noted that if the family could share custody of Arthur before, why has it become "such
35916-435: The family. Stacey starts getting stalked and harassed by her SecretCam client, who is Lily's tutor, Theo Hawthorne ( William Ellis ). Stacey becomes increasingly paranoid and fearful as Theo continues to send her threatening messages, unwanted gifts, and breaks into her house. Theo eventually confesses to Stacey that he is her stalker, leaving her horrified. Soon after, Lily goes into labor and Stacey manages to lock Theo out of
36162-486: The father as he was made infertile following cancer treatment. Becca informs the police that Bradley had a motive for killing Archie. He and Stacey attempt to flee Walford, but Bradley is caught by the police and falls to his death while trying to escape. A distraught Stacey confesses to Max that she was actually the one who killed Archie. Stacey runs away from Walford, unable to cope with Bradley's death. Max tracks her down to an abandoned house, where Stacey explains that she
36408-553: The first time since he has transitioned. Welch had previously starred in the sitcom Boy Meets Girl and had spoken about how she was overjoyed that the show had helped people in the transgender community. In the episode, Stacey attempts to get Alison and Kyle to reconcile, but is unsuccessful. Alison is depicted as struggling to accept that Kyle is transgender and has transitioned. In the episode, Stacey invites Alison over and tries to get her to reconcile with her son, but her efforts backfire when Alison says she cannot accept her son as he
36654-506: The first transgender person to play a transgender character in a British soap opera. Millington told Sarah Morris from The Independent that he had read about Treadwell-Collins's intention to introduce a transgender actor and character in an OK! magazine, which prompted him to write to the soap opera telling him that he was transgender and training to be an actor and at university, in addition to briefly outlining his transition. Millington then "completely forgot" about it, but that June he
36900-455: The following week. She praised them for accommodating to her availability. HIV The human immunodeficiency viruses ( HIV ) are two species of Lentivirus (a subgroup of retrovirus ) that infect humans. Over time, they cause acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), a condition in which progressive failure of the immune system allows life-threatening opportunistic infections and cancers to thrive. Without treatment,
37146-463: The future holds for her. It's been a while since I set foot in Albert Square and I am looking forward to coming home." Executive producer Dominic Treadwell-Collins added: "Stacey is one of EastEnders best-loved characters, played by one of television's finest actors, and I am tremendously excited that Lacey has decided to return home to Walford. Stacey's last time on the Square was iconic. But that
37392-431: The generation of many variants of HIV in a single infected patient in the course of one day. This variability is compounded when a single cell is simultaneously infected by two or more different strains of HIV. When simultaneous infection occurs, the genome of progeny virions may be composed of RNA strands from two different strains. This hybrid virion then infects a new cell where it undergoes replication. As this happens,
37638-576: The generation of recombinational variation would be a consequence, but not the cause of, the evolution of template switching. HIV-1 infection causes chronic inflammation and production of reactive oxygen species . Thus, the HIV genome may be vulnerable to oxidative damage , including breaks in the single-stranded RNA. For HIV, as well as for viruses in general, successful infection depends on overcoming host defense strategies that often include production of genome-damaging reactive oxygen species. Thus, Michod et al. suggested that recombination by viruses
37884-552: The genetic information that is transmitted from parental to progeny genomes. Viral recombination produces genetic variation that likely contributes to the evolution of resistance to anti-retroviral therapy . Recombination may also contribute, in principle, to overcoming the immune defenses of the host. Yet, for the adaptive advantages of genetic variation to be realized, the two viral genomes packaged in individual infecting virus particles need to have arisen from separate progenitor parental viruses of differing genetic constitution. It
38130-419: The head with a champagne bottle, believing she has killed him. Sharon's fiancé Keanu Taylor ( Danny Walters ) walks in and discovers Nish's unconscious body. After being humiliated by Sharon, Keanu strangles her, and Linda, trying to help, stabs Keanu with a meat thermometer, killing him. To cover their tracks, the women frame Keanu for Nish's attack and bury him under the floorboards of Kathy's Café. They lie to
38376-494: The highest watched TV programme that year altogether. After losing her friend Danielle Jones , Stacey began acting strangely in May 2009, and the character has to come to terms with the prospect that, like her mother, she also suffers from bipolar disorder. The storyline was developed as of the BBC's Headroom campaign, which aims to encourage people to look after their mental wellbeing. Series Consultant Simon Ashdown had been developing
38622-594: The house covered in blood and Janine convinces Jean to call the police. Stacey contemplates suicide but Max stops her and says he will help her escape. Stacey convinces Jean that Janine has framed her and Ryan plans to run away with her. Stacey tells Ryan she does not want him to come with her, because she is not sure whether she really loves him. Ronnie and her younger sister Roxy Mitchell ( Rita Simons ) confront her over their father's murder, and Stacey confesses that she did kill Archie. Ronnie tells her to leave town, realising that she has suffered enough, and Max drives her to
38868-480: The house, but he lets himself back in through the back door and angrily confronts her in the kitchen. Stacey then loses a court case against Theo to get a restraining order. After she tells him she never had feelings for him, he attempts to rape her, which is witnessed by her cousin Freddie Slater ( Bobby Brazier ), who attacks Theo and leaves him for dead. Stacey, Eve, and Freddie all panic after seeing Theo's lifeless body. Not wanting Freddie to go to prison, they plant
39114-415: The immune response to target epitopes. The RNA genome consists of at least seven structural landmarks ( LTR , TAR , RRE , PE, SLIP, CRS, and INS), and nine genes ( gag , pol , and env , tat , rev , nef , vif , vpr , vpu , and sometimes a tenth tev , which is a fusion of tat , env and rev ), encoding 19 proteins. Three of these genes, gag , pol , and env , contain information needed to make
39360-426: The initial buildup of the storyline was an extension of how the character has always been, "a character of highs and lows, of great passions and dark moods," but these highs and lows would become more contrasted, and viewers would realise that Stacey's mood is more complex than just being upset over her losses, adding, "It's the beginning of us getting to really know and understand who Stacey is and what makes her behave
39606-518: The integrated DNA provirus is transcribed into RNA. The full-length genomic RNAs (gRNA) can be packaged into new viral particles in a pseudodiploid form. The selectivity in the packaging is explained by the structural properties of the dimeric conformer of the gRNA. The gRNA dimer is characterized by a tandem three-way junction within the gRNA monomer, in which the SD and AUG hairpins , responsible for splicing and translation respectively, are sequestered and
39852-438: The killer, moments after Bradley fell to his death after becoming the prime suspect. Following this, a two-hander episode was announced for Stacey and Max, who became the only person to know Stacey was the killer. Santer promised "fascinating" stories for Stacey and Max, saying that the two-hander will explore Stacey's motives for killing Archie, and will be a test for Max as the murder led to his son's death. Santer explained that
40098-410: The kitchen". Laura-Jayne Tyler from Inside Soap thought that it was a shame that Kyle would no longer be appearing. Áine Toner Women's Way from believed that Kyle "deserved better" in reference to his exit and Millington's 2017 comments over his disappointment over how the character was written out. In 2018, Kerry Barrett from Soaplife wrote about Kyle possibly returning, explaining that "Kyle left
40344-451: The ladder but stops after Stacey reminds him that that is how Brian died. Kyle is disappointed when Walford residents start to realise that he is trans but they are accepting. Stacey, having been told by Kyle that his mother, Alison Slater ( Denise Welch ), never accepted him as a man, invites Alison over and tries to get them to reconcile. Alison tells Kyle that she cannot accept him as he is not Sarah and leaves, though she tells him that she
40590-402: The meantime, viewers can look forward to a typically dramatic Slater family exit when she leaves and the door will be left open for Stacey Slater to return to Albert Square in the future." During an interview on This Morning , Kirkwood revealed that Stacey will take centre stage at Christmas and will depart in a "dramatic plotline" and said "Christmas will be all about [Stacey]" and explained
40836-604: The money, she discovers it missing and calls a family meeting to discuss it. Stacey then "blows her top" when she realises how Kat wishes to use the money. As Kat continues to search for the money, Stacey reveals that she took the money out of fear that Kat would give it to Kush. The character is also written into another story as she becomes jealous of Max's new relationship with her friend Ruby Allen ( Louisa Lytton ), which Metro reporter Caroline Westbrook and Radio Times reporter Johnathon Hughes expected to play into Turner's temporary departure. Turner explained that Stacey
41082-473: The money. Kat and Martin argue with Phil over the money, and when Phil strangles Martin, Stacey hits Phil over the head with a wrench, leaving him almost dead. Stacey, Martin, Lily, and Hope then flee Walford. Martin returns alone and works for Phil's son Ben Mitchell ( Max Bowden ) in exchange for Stacey's safety. To protect Stacey, Martin ends their marriage and claims to have had sex with Sonia. Stacey's new boyfriend, Jerome, later arrives to collect Stacey and
41328-414: The most fantastic time at EastEnders . Stacey has been such a brilliant role for me to play, as has been part of the feisty Slater family. I'm so lucky to have had such challenging storylines, from the affair with Max and being diagnosed with bipolar to the complete shock of being revealed as Archie's killer during the live 25th Anniversary episode. I'll miss Stacey and everyone in Albert Square very much but
41574-454: The most for any actor or soap in the UK. Her accolades include four National Television Awards , six British Soap Awards and eight Inside Soap Awards . Prior to her arrival, Stacey had a troubled childhood, due to her mother Jean ( Gillian Wright ) suffering from bipolar disorder , and the death of her father, Brian, when she was 11. Stacey struggled to cope with her mother's suicidal and erratic behaviour, resulting from her illness. For
41820-555: The murder of Ranveer Gulati (Anil Goutam), taking the blame for Suki and ending their relationship. At a New Year's Eve party at number 30, Jean, Lily, and Eve suddenly collapse from carbon monoxide poisoning. At the hospital, Stacey learns that 12-year-old Lily is pregnant and names Ricky Mitchell (Frankie Day) as the father. Lily decides to keep the baby with support from Stacey and Martin. However, Ricky's father Jack Branning ( Scott Maslen ), tries to unsuccessfully scare Lily into having an abortion. Ryan returns after learning about
42066-483: The murder was not a function of Stacey's bipolar disorder as she was lucid at the time, and she had several sound reasons to be angry with him – he took advantage of her, ruined her second chance with Bradley, caused a chain of events leading to the death of Stacey's best friend Danielle and drove her brother Sean out of Walford. The two-hander also explored the question of whether Stacey really meant to kill Archie. In an interview with magazine Soaplife , Turner said that
42312-413: The national charity supporting people with bipolar, we’ve been glad to work closely with the BBC on Stacey's storyline. There is a very high risk that women with bipolar will become ill when they have a child and 20%–25% of them will have a postpartum psychosis so it's fantastic that EastEnders are raising awareness of this devastating condition.' The show worked with charities Bipolar UK and Mind to develop
42558-443: The news of Millington's casting, transgender actress Bethany Black , who had previously auditioned for EastEnders , praised the decision to introduce a transgender actor, saying, "It's about time we saw more trans roles on television. Being trans is like being gay was in the late 90s - it's a cool thing, so people are saying, 'Let's go and do this as a storyline'. As we progress we're going to see more of these roles. It's democratising
42804-410: The patient. Macrophages and microglial cells are the cells infected by HIV in the central nervous system . In the tonsils and adenoids of HIV-infected patients, macrophages fuse into multinucleated giant cells that produce huge amounts of virus. T-tropic strains of HIV-1, or syncytia -inducing strains (SI; now called X4 viruses ) replicate in primary CD4 T cells as well as in macrophages and use
43050-404: The person he felt he was inside "has given him a determination to achieve his dreams and make his life a happy one that was worth the fight". At the same time that Kyle's character was announced, rival soap opera Hollyoaks had already cast transgender actress Annie Wallace as Sally St. Claire , which was announced less than a day after Millington's casting announcement. Wallace revealed that
43296-519: The police, and added that she is "petrified" and thinks it is "her only option". Martin decides to go with Stacey, which surprises her. Turner explained that Stacey thought she was protecting Martin by leaving him, but his "true love for Stacey" is showcased as he decides to leave too. On Stacey and Martin's departure, Turner commented, "For now, Walford isn't safe for any of them so that's why they had to vanish." The character departs in episode 5965, originally broadcast on 2 August 2019. Turner reprised
43542-440: The police, claiming Keanu assaulted Nish and fled Walford. Stacey and Jack end up having sex again, and they begin an affair. Denise's breakdown over Keanu's death leads Stacey to end her affair with Jack. However, their feelings rekindle at a family barbecue, and they kiss. They are seen by Stacey's ex-husband Martin who confronts them and reveals their affair to Denise’s daughter Chelsea Fox ( Zaraah Abrahams ), who exposes it to
43788-443: The police, leading to his arrest. During Dean's trial for Keanu's murder, Linda struggles and confesses to the police, who refuse to believe her. Linda then admits the truth to Keanu's sister Bernadette Taylor ( Clair Norris ), forcing Stacey and the other women to confess to concealing Keanu's body. Kathy accidentally reveals the truth to Nish, who plans to report them to the police. However, after Suki intervenes, Nish decides to take
44034-710: The police. Stacey supports Ruby through the process, and the perpetrators are eventually charged and sentenced. Jean is diagnosed with ovarian cancer and moves out. Stacey informs Sean about Jean's condition, prompting him to return to Walford. They argue, and Sean leaves suddenly. Stacey and Jean trace Sean to a barn, where he is about to commit suicide. Sean admits to killing their father, but Stacey and Jean forgive him and talk him out of taking his life. Kat begins dating Kush, and after learning of Kush's plans for joint custody of Arthur, Stacey and Kat fall out. Stacey disowns Kat as family and steals £50,000 from her, which belongs to Phil Mitchell ( Steve McFadden ), but she later returns
44280-780: The pregnancy and invites Lily to live with him in Wakefield. She agrees, worried about the financial burden on Stacey. Stacey and Ryan argue, and Lily orders him to leave when he insults Stacey; he then announces he will reduce his child maintenance payments. Stacey struggles with the cost of living crisis and rejects Kat's financial help. She borrows money from a loan shark Shifty Shiv ( Peter Caulfield ) but struggles to repay. He becomes aggressive and attacks Stacey, so Phil helps repay Shiv and orders him to leave Stacey alone. To make ends meet, Stacey begins selling lingerie photos of herself on SecretCam, an OnlyFans-style website. Lily's classmates find her page online and inform Lily, who exposes Stacey to
44526-443: The pub in tears, followed by Ryan. She then breaks down and tells Ryan that Janine is telling the truth. On Christmas Day, Stacey tells Jean she killed Archie, so a panicked Jean takes Lily away from her. Ryan convinces Stacey to leave with him as Janine will call the police. Stacey lets Janine in and she tries to set Stacey up for attempted murder by grabbing a knife, placing it in Stacey's hand and stabbing herself. Stacey runs out of
44772-406: The remaining 5.3% were composed of other subtypes and CRFs. Most HIV-1 research is focused on subtype B; few laboratories focus on the other subtypes. The existence of a fourth group, "P", has been hypothesised based on a virus isolated in 2009. The strain is apparently derived from gorilla SIV (SIVgor), first isolated from western lowland gorillas in 2006. HIV-2's closest relative is SIVsm,
45018-569: The report, Stacey "looks like a Slater and shares the same family attitude but with one difference—Stacey is one hell of a bitch! [...] She is going to be trouble!" The 16 year–old actress Lacey Turner was cast in the role. Turner had originally gone to audition for a part in the Miller family, but was given the part of Stacey instead. Commenting on her role, Turner said "I was speechless when I found out that I had been cast as Stacey Slater especially as I knew I would be working with Jessie Wallace who
45264-425: The reverse transcriptase, by jumping back and forth between the two different RNA templates, will generate a newly synthesized retroviral DNA sequence that is a recombinant between the two parental genomes. This recombination is most obvious when it occurs between subtypes. The closely related simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) has evolved into many strains, classified by the natural host species. SIV strains of
45510-421: The role after being very moved by the life stories of the transgender actors who auditioned. He explained, "The people we met showed us a strength and bravery that took our breath away. To go through as much as they have while maintaining humour and a positive view on the world is testament to what special people we met". He also believed that EastEnders was well-known for "pushing boundaries with stories", such as
45756-419: The role for a single episode during her maternity leave and filmed her scenes in August 2019. Stacey returns for a cameo appearance in episode 6014, originally broadcast on 28 October 2019. In her return, Stacey meets Martin in a hotel, where he ends their marriage after Ben threatens to hurt Stacey and their children. Turner made another cameo appearance in episode 6118, originally broadcast on 26 May 2020. In
46002-542: The role was increasing understanding about the transgender community; he told Radio Times that he had received a letter from a trans man telling him that he had been disowned by his mother, but they had known reconciled due to seeing the similar storyline regarding Kyle. Millington added that he was very happy being on EastEnders and that his character's story "has a lot to give". Millington revealed that people asked him if Kyle would get together with gay character Ben Mitchell ( Harry Reid ), commenting, "People think gender
46248-430: The same father and tells her that she does need to be scared of him. He then comes out to her as transgender, revealing that he used to be called Sarah. Stacey is accepting of Kyle and they begin to bond, and Kyle later moves in with Stacey and her family. Kyle reveals to Stacey that his mother has never accepted him as a man and he struggled to live as the person he had always felt he was on the inside. In March 2016, it
46494-448: The scenes with Alison. Battson also congratulated Millington for his TV Choice Awards nomination and wrote, "We've loved seeing Kyle's story develop since his arrival on Albert Square and can’t wait to see what else is in store for the character". Battson also noted how viewers had seen Kyle's "battle" for acceptance from some characters. Speaking about the announcement of Kyle's exit, Rachel McGrath from HuffPost wrote that "mass exodus
46740-487: The show came to a natural end for now", whilst an EastEnders spokesperson confirmed that Millington would be departing and wished him "all the best for the future". Kyle's exit storyline was not revealed, but it was expected that the door would remain "open" for the character to return. Duncan Lindsay from Metro teased that Kyle was "armed with the knowledge" of Steven being behind the robbery, but did not confirm if that would lead to his departure. In Kyle's final months on
46986-516: The single-stranded viral DNA and/or interferes with reverse transcription ). The vpr protein (p14) arrests cell division at G2/M . The nef protein (p27) down-regulates CD4 (the major viral receptor), as well as the MHC class I and class II molecules. Nef also interacts with SH3 domains . The vpu protein (p16) influences the release of new virus particles from infected cells. The ends of each strand of HIV RNA contain an RNA sequence called
47232-412: The site of cell-to-cell contact, close apposition of cells, which minimizes fluid-phase diffusion of virions, and clustering of HIV entry receptors on the target cell towards the contact zone. Cell-to-cell spread is thought to be particularly important in lymphoid tissues , where CD4 T cells are densely packed and likely to interact frequently. Intravital imaging studies have supported the concept of
47478-446: The soap as one of EastEnders ' s "Memorable LGBTQ moments" in its history, calling Kyle a "historic role" and a "landmark moment" for EastEnders . A writer from Irish Independent believed that "Transgender actors are beginning to make an impact on television", citing Millington, Rebecca Root and Annie Wallace . The Daily Mirror called Kyle a "mystery newbie" and reported how fans were "baffled" when Kyle told Stacey that he
47724-488: The soap's first same sex kiss, told PinkNews , "The BBC's courage and determination in reflecting the world in which we live honestly is to be applauded. The negative headlines of 'gender bender' and the negative backlash on some aspects of social media, should encourage the BBC that they are doing absolutely the right thing to tackle homophobia and transphobia by showing the lives of people within our communities, who would otherwise be overlooked and misrepresented." The headline
47970-506: The soap's return to transmission. The narrative states that away from the show, Stacey enters a short relationship with Jerome (Chris Charles), which ends before the government-enforced lockdown . She decides to return after the lockdown, but has been in contact with Kat, who has informed her about Martin's new relationship with Ruby. The relationship features heavily in Stacey's return plot. Turner told Sophie Dainty of Digital Spy that Stacey views Martin and Ruby's relationship as "a bit of
48216-489: The soap, he looks out for Stacey as she does her best to look out for her family. Kyle considers moving out when Martin's daughter, Bex Fowler ( Jasmine Armfield ), moves in and there is not enough room for everyone, but Stacey stops him as it is the "last thing she wants" and she decides to get a bigger house for them. Kyle is later offered a job abroad, but due to the household struggling financially, he tells Stacey that he will be turning it down. Due to Millington's departure,
48462-673: The specimen is reported as repeatedly reactive and undergoes confirmatory testing with a more specific supplemental test (e.g., a polymerase chain reaction (PCR), western blot or, less commonly, an immunofluorescence assay (IFA)). Only specimens that are repeatedly reactive by ELISA and positive by IFA or PCR or reactive by western blot are considered HIV-positive and indicative of HIV infection. Specimens that are repeatedly ELISA-reactive occasionally provide an indeterminate western blot result, which may be either an incomplete antibody response to HIV in an infected person or nonspecific reactions in an uninfected person. HIV deaths in 2014 excluding
48708-474: The stairs and pretends to miscarry, blaming Stacey. Ruby fabricates evidence, leading Stacey to hand herself in to the police for a lesser sentence. She is subsequently sentenced to six months in prison. A few months later, Martin visits Stacey and apologises for believing Ruby, who is falsely imprisoned for drug dealing. Stacey is released from prison and reveals to Martin that she is married. When her probation officer visits, Stacey explains to Jean that she married
48954-434: The story because EastEnders reaches so many people and a lot of our audience are quite traditional. The power of EastEnders is we can change the world a little. You can change it gently and influence people who would be maybe quite bigoted". EastEnders worked with groups in the transgender community and held workshops to find an actor for the role before creating and developing the character. On 9 October of that year, it
49200-456: The storyline for about a year. To accurately reflect the issue, EastEnders worked closely with various charities such as Mind and MDF The BiPolar Organisation , medical practitioners and bipolar sufferers when researching the storyline. The story was moulded around what Stacey would do in that situation and what the research led the team to believe was the most truthful way events would develop. Executive producer Diederick Santer said that
49446-562: The storyline would be "a suitably dramatic and fitting departure for one of the all-time greats". Stacey departed on Christmas Day 2010. On 6 December 2013, it was announced that Turner would return to the soap to reprise her role as Stacey, and would begin filming in January 2014. Turner was quoted as saying: "I may have left EastEnders over three years ago but the show has always been in my heart, as has Stacey, and she has never really left my side. I am so excited about returning and seeing what
49692-484: The storyline. On 25 February 2019, it was announced that Turner was pregnant with her first child and would be taking maternity leave , temporarily departing the soap during the year. James Bye , who portrays Stacey's husband Martin Fowler , teased that Stacey's exit would be "dramatic" and "a slightly different exit to what the audience may be expecting", while Davood Ghadami , who portrays Kush Kazemi , added that her departure would be "explosive". Producers created
49938-553: The structural proteins Gag and Env. Gag proteins bind to copies of the virus RNA genome to package them into new virus particles. HIV-1 and HIV-2 appear to package their RNA differently. HIV-1 will bind to any appropriate RNA. HIV-2 will preferentially bind to the mRNA that was used to create the Gag protein itself. Two RNA genomes are encapsidated in each HIV-1 particle (see Structure and genome of HIV ). Upon infection and replication catalyzed by reverse transcriptase, recombination between
50184-496: The structural proteins for new virus particles. For example, env codes for a protein called gp160 that is cut in two by a cellular protease to form gp120 and gp41. The six remaining genes, tat , rev , nef , vif , vpr , and vpu (or vpx in the case of HIV-2), are regulatory genes for proteins that control the ability of HIV to infect cells, produce new copies of virus (replicate), or cause disease. The two tat proteins (p16 and p14) are transcriptional transactivators for
50430-405: The subject in order to tell the story "properly", which he said he "always" likes to do for the soap. At the time of his announcement, rival soap operas Coronation Street and Hollyoaks had had transgender characters played by non-transgender actors. Treadwell-Collins spoke about wanting to cast a transgender actor, explaining, "you have to cast a trans actor, but you also don't want to mess up
50676-427: The target cell surface. Gp120 binds to integrin α 4 β 7 activating LFA-1 , the central integrin involved in the establishment of virological synapses , which facilitate efficient cell-to-cell spreading of HIV-1. The gp160 spike contains binding domains for both CD4 and chemokine receptors. The first step in fusion involves the high-affinity attachment of the CD4 binding domains of gp120 to CD4. Once gp120
50922-413: The target cell, the viral RNA genome is converted (reverse transcribed) into double-stranded DNA by a virally encoded enzyme, reverse transcriptase , that is transported along with the viral genome in the virus particle. The resulting viral DNA is then imported into the cell nucleus and integrated into the cellular DNA by a virally encoded enzyme, integrase , and host co-factors . Once integrated,
51168-424: The time has come to try something different." Executive producer Bryan Kirkwood added: "We'll be very sad to see Lacey Turner leave the show. Lacey is one of the best young actresses on TV at the moment and the fact that she's won 28 awards in the last five years is testament to this. It's only right that someone as talented and versatile as Lacey should pursue new challenges and we wish her the very best of luck. In
51414-446: The trans community on the television, the more people will understand." "Kyle is a good Blackpool lad with a heart of gold. He's an optimist who brings out the best in others and is someone to depend on for solid advice. Kyle may not be the first on the dancefloor at a party but he is the person folk gravitate to for deep and meaningful chats in the kitchen at 2am." –The BBC on Kyle's personality Treadwell-Collins revealed that
51660-628: The truth about Theo's attack, and he risks his job by keeping her secret. Eve goes missing after being threatened by Ravi Gulati ( Aaron Thiara ), who has discovered her affair with Suki. Stacey asks Jack for help in finding Eve, and they develop feelings for each other. They end up having sex, and they decide to hide it from their families. However, Jack's wife Denise Fox ( Diane Parish ) sees them together. Eve later returns and reveals to Stacey that she had to fake her death to escape from Suki's husband Nish ( Navin Chowdhry ). Stacey hides Eve, but Jack, who
51906-448: The tube station where Kush died, explaining to him what happened. Jean disowns Stacey, who then tries to appeal to Harvey about Jean's manic episode. Jean becomes distant from Stacey but eventually attends a GP appointment with her, leaving midway through. She then escapes to Southend-on-Sea , where Stacey and Martin manage to stop her from drowning herself. Jean is involuntarily sectioned, but Stacey brings her home after realising that Jean
52152-414: The two HIV envelope glycoproteins, gp41 and gp120 . These are transported to the plasma membrane of the host cell where gp41 anchors gp120 to the membrane of the infected cell. The Gag (p55) and Gag-Pol (p160) polyproteins also associate with the inner surface of the plasma membrane along with the HIV genomic RNA as the forming virion begins to bud from the host cell. The budded virion is still immature as
52398-484: The two genomes can occur. Recombination occurs as the single-strand, positive-sense RNA genomes are reverse transcribed to form DNA. During reverse transcription, the nascent DNA can switch multiple times between the two copies of the viral RNA. This form of recombination is known as copy-choice. Recombination events may occur throughout the genome. Anywhere from two to 20 recombination events per genome may occur at each replication cycle, and these events can rapidly shuffle
52644-570: The viral DNA into the host cell's genome is carried out by another viral enzyme called integrase . The integrated viral DNA may then lie dormant, in the latent stage of HIV infection. To actively produce the virus, certain cellular transcription factors need to be present, the most important of which is NF- κ B (nuclear factor kappa B), which is upregulated when T cells become activated. This means that those cells most likely to be targeted, entered and subsequently killed by HIV are those actively fighting infection. During viral replication,
52890-536: The virus in its adaptation to avoid innate restriction factors present in host cells. Adaptation to use normal cellular machinery to enable transmission and productive infection has also aided the establishment of HIV-2 replication in humans. A survival strategy for any infectious agent is not to kill its host, but ultimately become a commensal organism. Having achieved a low pathogenicity, over time, variants that are more successful at transmission will be selected. The HIV virion enters macrophages and CD4 T cells by
53136-425: The virus is captured in the mucosa by DCs. The presence of FEZ-1 , which occurs naturally in neurons , is believed to prevent the infection of cells by HIV. HIV-1 entry, as well as entry of many other retroviruses, has long been believed to occur exclusively at the plasma membrane. More recently, however, productive infection by pH -independent, clathrin-mediated endocytosis of HIV-1 has also been reported and
53382-463: The virus may become latent , allowing the virus and its host cell to avoid detection by the immune system, for an indeterminate amount of time. The virus can remain dormant in the human body for up to ten years after primary infection; during this period the virus does not cause symptoms. Alternatively, the integrated viral DNA may be transcribed , producing new RNA genomes and viral proteins, using host cell resources, that are packaged and released from
53628-403: The virus to evade the body's immune system. The reverse transcriptase also has ribonuclease activity that degrades the viral RNA during the synthesis of cDNA, as well as DNA-dependent DNA polymerase activity that creates a sense DNA from the antisense cDNA. Together, the cDNA and its complement form a double-stranded viral DNA that is then transported into the cell nucleus . The integration of
53874-537: The virus. This virus has also lost a function of the nef gene that is present in most SIVs. For non-pathogenic SIV variants, nef suppresses T cell activation through the CD3 marker. Nef 's function in non-pathogenic forms of SIV is to downregulate expression of inflammatory cytokines , MHC-1 , and signals that affect T cell trafficking. In HIV-1 and SIVcpz, nef does not inhibit T-cell activation and it has lost this function. Without this function, T cell depletion
54120-414: The way she does." Turner hoped that she could do the storyline justice, saying that she believed it was great that EastEnders continued to raise awareness of the issue. The first signs of Stacey's odd behaviour were subtle, eventually building up into more extreme acts. One of the earliest indicators was her paranoia over a poster for a fictitious video game, Deprivation , featuring two large eyes on
54366-430: The wedding ceremony and their kiss is recorded on Max's eldest daughter Lauren 's ( Madeline Duggan ) hidden video camera. Lauren gives a DVD of the recording to Bradley as a Christmas present, revealing the fling to the entire family. Tanya and Bradley are devastated over their spouses' betrayal and both marriages end. Some time later, Bradley decides to give his marriage to Stacey another chance, suggesting that they start
54612-500: The whole Branning family. Keanu's body is later found when the concrete cracks at the café, and when Sharon is arrested for his murder, Linda plans to confess. After learning that her ex-boyfriend and Linda's rapist, Dean Wicks, has framed Jean for tampering with his daughter Jade Masood 's (Elizabeth Green) medication, Stacey suggests they frame Dean for Keanu's murder. She plants the meat thermometer in Dean's apartment, and Linda reports him to
54858-475: The whole organism. However, a selection process leads to a predominant transmission of the R5 virus through this pathway. In patients infected with subtype B HIV-1, there is often a co-receptor switch in late-stage disease and T-tropic variants that can infect a variety of T cells through CXCR4. These variants then replicate more aggressively with heightened virulence that causes rapid T cell depletion, immune system collapse, and opportunistic infections that mark
55104-450: The whole process." Transgender journalist and presenter Paris Lees also praised the decision to introduce Kyle, calling it the "biggest thing to happen" for the transgender community in Britain that decade. She added, "I didn't think Dominic Treadwell-Collins could top bringing Kathy back - but he's managed it! As a pop culture moment this is massive and a sign of the times." The reception
55350-469: Was 90-years-old. The actress received criticism from fans for leaving so soon after her first maternity leave. She was surprised by the comments, but took it as a compliment to her character. Turner gave birth to her son on 3 February 2021, a month before his due date. She had not finished filming on EastEnders and had two days left before going on maternity leave. Turner spoke with show bosses and informed them that she would be happy to film her exit scenes
55596-464: Was also nominated for "Inspirational Role Model Of The Year" at the 2016 European Diversity Awards. Daniel Kilkelly from Digital Spy placed Millington on his list of the top 10 "rising stars" in British and Australian soap operas, writing: "Let's be honest – after nearly two years of hype surrounding Stacey's mystery key, the 'big reveal' that it unlocked the secret of a long-lost brother could have been
55842-432: Was angry at Archie and was worried about what Bradley would do to him after he found out about the baby. A minute after Bradley confronted Archie, she found Archie on the floor and, lucid and angered at what he had done to her and to Danielle, pushed the bust onto his head, but ran after his fingers twitched, fearing he would call the police. She balked at telling Bradley the truth about what she did, fearing that he would take
56088-429: Was announced on 19 December 2013, and Stacey reappears in the episode originally broadcast on 7 February 2014 before departing again on 24 March 2014. She made a permanent return on 1 September 2014. Stacey was involved in another issue-led story exploring postpartum psychosis in 2016, following the birth of her son Arthur . Turner went on maternity leave in August 2019 and prior to her exit, Stacey became involved in
56334-464: Was announced that Denise Welch had been cast as Kyle's mother, Alison Slater , who would debut later that year for a short stint in an episode that would focus on the character. Welch was excited to join the soap and called the role "powerful", and it was reported that she had dyed her hair brown for the role. Welch's stint revealed Alison's struggle to accept her son's transition, and the episode dealt with "very sensitive issues" as Alison meets Kyle for
56580-422: Was announced that 21-year-old transgender actor Riley Carter Millington had been cast in the role of Kyle. It was Carter Millington's first acting role, and he was excited to be joining the soap, saying, "I can honestly say that I have now fulfilled my two biggest dreams - to be living my life as a man and to be an actor". He added that he could not wait to "get stuck in with filming" and was looking forward to what
56826-494: Was announced that Kyle would be departing the soap, among several other characters, and Millington made his last appearance on 25 November of that year. The announcement of Millington's casting received praise from critics and viewers, including transgender journalist Paris Lees , who called it the biggest thing to happen for the transgender community that decade. The casting of a transgender actor as made EastEnders history and prompted Hollyoaks to announce their own casting of
57072-404: Was behind the robbery when someone arrives to complain about the dodgy kitchen equipment Steven sold them. Kyle keeps quiet after Steven pays for Kyle to attend an expensive cooking course with a celebrity chef. The Slater household begins to get crowded and the bills become worse, so Kyle asks Steven for a pay rise. When Steven says no, Kyle threatens to tell the truth about the robbery. Following
57318-426: Was forced to admit her to a mental institution for her own safety. The storyline won a Mental Health Media Award in September 2006. In 2006, scriptwriters decided to pair Stacey with a new character, Bradley Branning , played by Charlie Clements . Explaining the characters' attraction, scriptwriter Sarah Phelps has said, "Bradley's gentleness makes Stacey a little bit gentler, and Stacey's toughness makes Bradley
57564-436: Was her brother despite Charlie saying that Brian did not another son, with some questioning who Kyle was. Danny Walker from the same website called the scenes where Kyle comes as transgender to Stacey as "emotional" and reported how it had shocked some viewers, but also noted how some fans had already predicted it. Francescsa Battson from Closer Online reported how Kyle had "acclaim from fans and critics alike", particularly in
57810-405: Was in store for Kyle. Not much was revealed about the character, but it was reported that he would move in briefly later that month and then be a "new permanent resident" by the end of 2015. It was also revealed that Kyle has "secrets" and would be " thrown right into one of [the soap's] biggest stories". Speaking of the casting, Treadwell-Collins revealed that he made sure to cast the right actor for
58056-644: Was introduced in "mysterious circumstances" but had since "put roots down in Albert Square". Lindsay reported how viewers had praised the episode which introduced Kyle's mother and that Millington had "won acclaim" from fans for his performance as Kyle on the soap. Angie Quinn from MyLondon wrote that despite building a relationship with Stacey, "life in Walford wasn't meant to be for Kyle" due to his departure. A writer from Soaplife worried that Kyle's exit could cause Stacey "a lot of grief" due to Stacey having come to depend on Kyle "for his cool head – and his hot stuff in
58302-449: Was invited to the EastEnders studio. Treadwell-Collins revealed that he knew from the first audition that Millington was the right actor for the role, explaining, "We saw Riley and we said that's him. One, because he was a brilliant actor. And two, there's a warmth in him that just comes through. I defy someone not to fall in love a little bit with Riley." Reflecting on the role in 2022, Carter Millington explained that he had initially lived
58548-479: Was just the first act. There is so much more to come for Stacey—and her return will send ripples of drama through the Square." Stacey confesses to the murder of Archie Mitchell. Lacey Turner took a break to play Molly Dawes in the new series of Our Girl . It was confirmed that Stacey will return to EastEnders once filming has finished. On 7 December 2015, it was announced that Stacey would give birth at Christmas 2015 and would suffer from postpartum psychosis ,
58794-402: Was later amended without mention of the original title. For his role as Kyle, Millington was nominated for "Best Soap Newcomer" at the 2016 TV Choice awards. Kyle's debut was nominated for "LGBT+ Media moment" at the 2016 British LGBT Awards . For his role as Kyle, Millington was placed first on the 2015 Rainbow List , with Sarah Morrison writing "The 21-year-old is the first trans man to top
59040-484: Was not all positive; Meka Beresford from PinkNews reported how the soap was "barraged with transphobic abuse" when Kyle's character was announced. The Yorkshire Post reported mocked the character by reporting the announcement of his character with the headline "It's a gender-bender EastEnder!" Responding to this, LGBT politician Lord Michael Cashman , who had appeared in EastEnders as Colin Russell and took part in
59286-746: Was not shown as having a normal life. Millington added that Kyle "had the big coming-out story and it was dramatic and emotional, but we didn't get to see a happy ending, like a relationship of any sort other than the reunion with his half-sister, Stacey. It was frustrating". Millington felt that he had let himself and fans doing for not "pushing" for something better, commenting that it a "shame to have gay characters and then you have to say goodbye". Millington also criticised creators for not expanding on Kyle's character after he came out. Kyle arrives in Walford and watches Stacey Slater ( Lacey Turner ) from afar. He briefly attends her Halloween party, and when he leaves it
59532-448: Was recently suggested to constitute the only route of productive entry. Shortly after the viral capsid enters the cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase liberates the positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome from the attached viral proteins and copies it into a complementary DNA (cDNA) molecule. The process of reverse transcription is extremely error-prone, and the resulting mutations may cause drug resistance or allow
59778-412: Was suggested that Kyle would show his "no-nonsense Slater side" and called blackmailing Steven a "bold" move. Kilkelly also described the scenes where Alison rejects Kyle as "tear-jerking" and "[h]eartbreaking", adding that he knew that Alison would "cause a stir" in the soap, but her scenes "packed a real emotional punch" when she "harshly" rejected Kyle. A writer from BBC Bitesize included Kyle joining
60024-453: Was teased in a promotional trailer, released on 15 July 2019. On 11 July 2019, it was reported that Phil Mitchell ( Steve McFadden ) would be attacked and "left for dead" in an upcoming story, with the assailant not revealed until transmission. Phil's son, Ben Mitchell ( Max Bowden ), and secret love rival, Keanu Taylor ( Danny Walters ), were set up as the main suspects for the attack. Daniel Kilkelly of Digital Spy listed Stacey as
60270-451: Was thought to be a Christmas episode, which suggested that Kyle and Stacey would strike up a friendship. Millington initially signed a six month contract, and this was later extended to twelve. Kyle made his appearance on 30 October 2015. Kyle's official BBC profile called Kyle a "big-hearted optimist finding his way in the world", and questioned whether Walford would force him to "toughen up". It also revealed that Kyle's struggle to live as
60516-411: Was unconventionally not "winding down" before her maternity leave. When Stacey learns about Kush's plans to apply for joint custody of their son Arthur Fowler (Hunter Bell) from Kat, she goes "ballistic" and Kat realises she has made an error. A show insider explained that Stacey does not want Kush to have legal rights over Arthur and is annoyed that Kat did not inform her. Stacey's discovery leads to
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