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25-497: Krajenka is located approximately 15 kilometers south of Złotów , 50 kilometers south-east of Szczecinek and 160 kilometers east of the regional center, Szczecin . It is located on the Głomia  [ pl ] river, a tributary of the Gwda river. It is part of the ethnographic region of Krajna , located in the northern part of the historic Greater Poland region. The first mention of

50-629: A Polish school was established, and in 1640 a gymnasium was founded, which as today's I Liceum Ogólnokształcące is one of the oldest high schools in Pomerania. During the Thirty Years' War it was captured and plundered by the Swedes and Austrians . After the war, from 1653, the town was part of Brandenburg , from 1701 of Prussia and from 1871 to 1945 of Germany. During the Seven Years' War , in 1759 it

75-586: A railway junction as a junction station . In the UK it is customary for the junction (and the related station) to be named after the next station on the branch, e.g. Yeovil Junction is on the mainline railway south of Yeovil , and the next destination on the branch is Yeovil Pen Mill . Frequently, trains are built up and taken apart (separated) at such stations so that the same train can be divided and proceed to multiple destinations. For goods trains (US: freight trains), marshalling yards (US: Classification yards ) serve

100-665: A similar purpose. The capacity of the junctions limits the capacity of a railway network more than the capacity of individual railway lines . This applies more as the network density increases. Measures to improve junctions are often more useful than building new railway lines. The capacity of a railway junction can be increased with improved signaling measures, by building points suitable for higher speeds, or by turning level junctions into flying junctions , where tracks are grade-separated , and so one track passes over or under another. With more complicated junctions such construction can rapidly become very expensive, especially if space

125-415: A simple case where two routes with one or two tracks each meet at a junction, a fairly simple layout of tracks suffices to allow trains to transfer from one route to the other. More complicated junctions are needed to permit trains to travel in either direction after joining the new route – for example by providing a triangular track layout. Rail transport operations refer to stations that lie on or near

150-419: Is krówka szczecinecka , a local type of krówka (traditional Polish candy). Szczecinek is twinned with: Junction (rail) A junction , in the context of rail transport , is a place at which two or more rail routes converge or diverge. The physical connection between the tracks of the two routes (assuming they are of the same gauge) is provided by turnouts (US: switches ) and signalling . In

175-619: Is situated about 150 kilometres (93 miles) to the west. The initial name was "Neustettin" ( Polish : Nowy Szczecin , German: Neustettin , Latin : Stetin Nova ). It was also known as "Klein Stettin" (Polish: Mały Szczecin , German: Klein Stettin ). In 1707 the town was known in Polish as Nowoszczecin , while the Mały Szczecin name gradually developed into the modern name Szczecinek . The town

200-498: The Middle Ages a Slavic stronghold existed in present-day Szczecinek. It was part of the early Polish state in the 10th century, and as a result of the 12th-century fragmentation of Poland, it became part of the separate Duchy of Pomerania . In 1310, the castle at the site of a former stronghold, and town were founded under Lübeck law by Duke Wartislaw IV of Pomerania and modelled after Szczecin ( German : Stettin ) which

225-636: The Reichsgericht confirmed private ownership by Prinz Friedrich Leopold, including, where he died in 1931. In 1931, local Poles founded a Polish school. Its teacher, Franciszek Gliszewski, was arrested and murdered by the Germans in the Flossenbürg concentration camp after the outbreak of World War II in 1939. On 30 January 1945 the Soviet Red Army occupied the abandoned and severely destroyed town during

250-631: The West Pomeranian Voivodeship , with a population of more than 40,000 (2011). It is an important railroad junction , located along the main Poznań - Kołobrzeg line, which crosses less important lines to Chojnice and Słupsk . The town's total area is 48.63 square kilometres (18.78 square miles). The turbulent history of Szczecinek reaches back to the High Middle Ages , when the area was ruled by Pomeranian dukes and princes. The majority of

275-509: The Polish king Władysław Jagiełło . Following the First Partition of Poland , in 1772 it was annexed by Prussia . In 1787 the city suffered a fire. After the last Polish owner of the town Jakub Komierowski  [ pl ] was killed by the Prussians in 1807, the town was confiscated by Prussian officials and passed from Polish to German hands. In 1846 a Protestant church was built by

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300-592: The city's architecture survived World War II and, subsequently, its entire Old Town was proclaimed a national heritage monument of Poland. Szczecinek lies in eastern part of West Pomeranian Voivodeship . Historically, it was included within Western Pomerania . In 2010, the city boundaries were expanded as the town merged with the following villages in Gmina Szczecinek: Gałowo , Marcelin , Godzimierz , Turowo , Parsęcko , Buczek and Żółtnica . In

325-573: The early 20th century founded the People's Bank and a Polish Catholic Society. After Poland regained independence in 1918, the Polish inhabitants made efforts to reintegrate the town with Poland, but despite their requests and protests, the Treaty of Versailles granted the town to Germany . Then it was made part of the province of Grenzmark Posen-Westpreußen . On 21 June 1924, the town made history within German law as

350-481: The famous German architect Carl Friedrich Schinkel . In 1871 a railway station of the Prussian Eastern Railway was built south of the Głomia  [ pl ] river. The town was then the property of Prince Friedrich Leopold of Prussia . According to the German census of 1890, the town had a population of 3,344, of which 400 (12%) were Poles . Despite the policy of Germanisation , local Poles in

375-601: The final stages of World War II . Many of the inhabitants had fled during the winter of 1944/1945. After the war the town was finally reintegrated with Poland under the Potsdam Agreement . Note that the table is based on primary, possibly inaccurate or biased sources. Szczecinek Szczecinek ( Polish: [ʂt͡ʂɛˈt͡ɕinɛk] ; German : Neustettin ) is a historic city in Middle Pomerania , northwestern Poland , capital of Szczecinek County in

400-450: The town at the beginning of World War II in 1939. During the war, three forced labour camps were established and operated by the Germans in the town, and its prisoners were mostly Poles and Russians . In September 1944, the Germans made the first arrests of local members of the Polish underground organization "Odra", ultimately crushing it in the following weeks. In February 1945, the town

425-450: The town is from 1286, back then it belonged to noble family of Danaborski whose Coat of Arms was Toporczyk. The name of the town itself comes from the Polish word Krajna, which meant in the past a location on the borders of Polish state. Throughout centuries it was connected to Polish royalty and such families as Danaborski, Dahlke, Kościelecki, Grudziński, Działyński , Sułkowski , Komierowski. Magdeburg city rights were granted in 1420 by

450-676: The town led directly to the burning down of the synagogue on 18 February of that year. In 1914 the Regional Museum was established. In 1923 the Catholic Church of the Holy Spirit was built, then called the "Polish Church", as it was co-financed by local Poles . After the Nazis took power in Germany in the 1930s, new military barracks were built, and the invasion of Poland was carried out from

475-527: The union of Brandenburg and Poland. During the Thirteen Years' War , local dukes changed alliances several times. As a result, in 1455 several surrounding villages were looted by Teutonic Knights and in 1461 the town was sacked, looted and burned by Polish troops and Tatars because King Casimir IV Jagiellon wanted to take revenge on Eric II of Pomerania who supported the Teutonic Knights. In 1601

500-588: Was administratively located in the Koszalin Voivodeship . In 2009 the town limits were expanded by including the neighbouring villages of Świątki and Trzesieka as new districts. In 2018, a khachkar was unveiled in Szczecinek to commemorate Armenian-Polish friendship . The officially protected traditional food of Szczecinek (as designated by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Poland )

525-507: Was captured by the Red Army , and the local agricultural machinery factory, which used forced labour during the war, was plundered by occupying Russian forces. The town then passed to Poland, although with a Soviet -installed communist regime, which remained in power until the Fall of Communism in the 1980s. The town's German population was expelled in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement , and it

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550-681: Was fortified to face the Brandenburgers , with a wall and palisades. In 1356 it was hit by the plague . Thankful for their survival, the Dukes Bogislaw V , Barnim IV and Wartislaw V founded the Augustine monastery Marientron, on the Marientron  [ pl ] hill on the southern bank of the Trzesiecko  [ pl ] Lake. It was plundered by Brandenburgers in 1470. From 1368 to 1390 it

575-534: Was plundered by the Russians . In 1807, during the Napoleonic Wars and Polish national liberation fights , the town was captured by Poles led by Tomasz Łubieński . In 1881 Abraham Springer, great-grandfather of TV presenter Jerry Springer and a prominent member of the town's Jewish community launched an unsuccessful attempt to sue agitator Dr Ernst Henrici , claiming that an inflammatory anti-semitic speech in

600-579: Was repopulated with Poles, expellees from former eastern Poland annexed by the Soviet Union and settlers from central Poland. The plundered agricultural machinery factory was relaunched by Poles in July 1945. The Polish anti-communist resistance (" cursed soldiers ") was active in the town, and many of its members were arrested and sentenced to prison by the communists. The last "cursed soldier" of Szczecinek, Maria Sosnowska, died in 2018. From 1950 to 1998, it

625-630: Was the seat of an eponymous duchy under its only historic ruler Wartislaw V . Afterwards, it was ruled by Pomeranian duchies: Darłowo (Rügenwalde) (until 1418), Słupsk (until 1474, fief of Poland ) and the united Duchy of Pomerania (until 1618). On 15 September 1423, the "great day of Neustettin", the Pomeranian dukes, the Grand Master of the Teutonic Order and Nordic king Eric VII of Denmark , Norway and Sweden met to discuss defense against

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