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77-583: Azov Governorate (1775 – 1781) Yekaterinoslav Viceroyalty (1782 – 1795) Novorossiya Gov. (1796 – 1801) Kherson Gov. (1802 – 1918) Kryvyi Rih ( / ˈ k r ɪ v iː ˈ r iː / ; Ukrainian : Кривий Ріг , IPA: [krɪwɪj ˈr⁽ʲ⁾iɦ] ), also known as Krivoy Rog (Russian: Кривой Рог [krʲɪˈvoj ˈrok] ), is a city in central Ukraine . It hosts the administration of Kryvyi Rih Raion and its subordinate Kryvyi Rih urban hromada in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast . The city

154-427: A column of 300 military vehicles from their advancing position to the south, and that after ten days of intense fighting they were turned back. As an industrial center that accounted for fully 10% of Ukraine's GDP, Vilkul was convinced that Kryvyi Rih was a prime target for Russian forces. In the third week of the war, Russian troops broadened their offensive across Ukraine and were again advancing toward Kryvyi Rih from

231-486: A gun lying next to his body. In September, reporting on an investigation that included a search of the home of the former, and now acting, mayor, Yyriy Vilkul, the Minister of Internal Affairs Denys Monastyrsky suggested that Pavlov may have committed suicide against the backdrop of a large-scale audit of the city's budget. Beginning in 2017, Kryvyi Rih had major labour unrest. In May 2017, coordinated protest actions began at

308-528: A key role in the Russian colonization policy of Ukraine and their striving for the shores of Black Seas as regional administrative center of the early Novorossiya Governorate and Yekaterinoslav Vice-regency (Namestnichestvo). With the creation of Novorossiya Governorate, the Dnieper Pikemen Regiment ( Russian : Днепровский пикинёрный полк ) was created and coincidentally a few years later (1768–69) in

385-583: A quick profit. The supply of mined ore soon exceeded demand . Many mines had to cut employment or temporarily suspend operations. Workers, many drawn from the Russian-speaking north (from Great Russia ), laboured in harsh conditions with no security. Work in the mines induced lung cancer, tuberculosis and asthma . In protest, workers began to develop ideas about socialism and democracy. Labour unrest resulted in several terrorist attacks and in widespread strikes . The First World War interrupted access to

462-512: Is credited with discovering the Kryvbas . This stimulated the formation of a mining district. In 1884, Alexander III started the Catherine Railway , first to Dnipro and then 505 km to the coal-mining region of Donbas . In 1880, with 5 million francs of capital , Pol founded the "French Society of Kryvyi Rih Ores". In 1882 16.4 thousand tons of ore were extracted from surface mines on

539-491: Is governed by the Kryvyi Rih Municipality . It is a city community that is designated as a separate district within its oblast . Administratively, the city is divided into districts ( raions ). There are 7 districts: Metalurhiinyi, Tsentralno-Miskyi, Ternivskyi, Saksahanskyi, Inhuletskyi, Pokrovskyi and Dovhyntsivskyi. Small townships, Avanhard, Horniatske, Ternuvatyi Kut, Kolomiitseve and Novoivanivka were added to

616-455: Is located nearby. In a national referendum on 1 December 1991, Ukrainian independence was approved by 90% of the votes cast in Kryvyi Rih's Dnipropetrovsk Oblast . The first 25 years of independence was a period of economic dislocation and adjustment. The population of the city decreased by almost 100,000, from a peak of 780,000 in the late 1980s. Assisted by Metinvest , investment followed

693-1034: Is one of the most important railway junctions in Central Ukraine (thanks to its geographical position and a bridge over the Dnieper River) and a major river port on the main river of Ukraine. Kremenchuk is home to HK Kremenchuk ice hockey team who compete in the Ukrainian Championship and FC Kremin Kremenchuk football team. Beside FC Kremin, the city was also represented by number of other professional football clubs such as FC Adoms Kremenchuk , FC Naftokhimik Kremenchuk , and FC Vahonobudivnyk Kremenchuk . The city has several sports schools , about six stadiums including Polytechnic Stadium (main city stadium), Kremin Stadium , and others, as well as couple of swimming pools and couple of athletic halls. Kremenchuk

770-682: Is part of the Kryvyi Rih Metropolitan Region . Its population is estimated at 603,904 (2022 estimate), making it the seventh-most populous city in Ukraine and the second largest by area. Kryvyi Rih is claimed to be the longest city in Europe. Located at the confluence of the Saksahan and Inhulets rivers, Kryvyi Rih was founded as a military staging post in 1775. Urban-industrial growth followed Belgian , French and British investment in

847-588: Is the economic center of the Poltava Oblast and one of the leading industrial centers of Ukraine. As of 2005 , it contributed about 7 percent of the national economy and accounted for more than 50 percent of the industrial output in Poltava Oblast. The city is home to KrAZ , a truck-manufacturing company (one of the largest in Eastern Europe ) as well as a major European oil refinery operated by Ukrtatnafta ,

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924-705: The Dnieper River , today's southwest of Zaporizhzhia) would mean the end of war." The German bridgehead on the left bank of the Dnieper gave the German command a base in order to restore the land connection with their forces locked in the Crimea. During the first half of January 1944, Soviet troops made repeated attempts to eliminate the Nikopol-Krivoy Rog enemy group. The Nikopol–Krivoy Rog Offensive did not succeed in breaking into

1001-521: The Holocaust . The first mass killing of two to three hundred by an Einsatzkommando occurred at the end of August 1941 at a brick works. On 14–15 October a combination of SS, German police and Ukrainian auxiliaries murdered 7,000 more at an iron ore mine. Children were thrown into the pits alive. Hitler had repeatedly stressed the crucial importance of this area: "The Nikopol manganese is of such importance, it cannot be expressed in words. Loss of Nikopol (on

1078-478: The Kriukiv Railway Car Building Works , and Kremenchuk Hydroelectric Power Plant , in nearby Svitlovodsk , are located in or near Kremenchuk. Highway M22 crosses the Dnieper over the dam of the power plant. Originally established on the left bank, Kremenchuk eventually incorporated the city of Kriukiv  [ uk ] on the right bank. The Kriukiv Railway Car Building Works is one of

1155-528: The Red Army . A Jewish community of over 5,000 remained in the city throughout the 1950s, although dwindled in the 1990s during migration to Israel . There are a few Jewish cemeteries from different parts of the 20th century in the area, with the last burials having occurred in Jewish Cemetery II in the 1990s. Distribution of the population by native language according to the 2001 census : Kremenchuk

1232-620: The Russian Empire , which existed from 1775 to 1783. Its capital was in Belyov Fortress and later in Yekaterinoslav . Azov Governorate was located in the northeastern Azov littoral region and covered only the southern half of the previously existing Azov Governorate of 1708–25. The new division was created from the southern Bakhmut Province of Voronezh Governorate and the self-governed frontier region of Slavo-Serbia , but primarily it

1309-781: The Treaty of Kurukove was signed between Cossacks and the Poles . Since the establishment of the Cossack Hetmanate , the city was part of the Chyhyryn Polk (regiment). Following the Russo-Polish War (1654–1667) and Treaty of Andrusovo , the city was secured by the Tsardom of Russia and became part of the Myrhorod Polk (regiment) within the left-bank of the Cossack Hetmanate . The city played

1386-683: The Yellow Star of Jude . On 27 September 1941, they were exiled from the city, and forced to move into the Ghetto in Novo-Ivanovka. Many Jews who hid throughout the city were later caught and forced into the Ghettos as well. Between October 1941 and January 1942, a total of around 8,000 Jews were shot and killed in various instances of execution over the months, although the community was not entirely wiped out. The Ghetto and town were liberated 29 September 1943 by

1463-578: The 2005 privatization of Kryvorizhstal . There was extensive redevelopment including new shopping and entertainment centers. In July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, Kryvyi Rih Municipality and the Kryvyi Rih Raion came under a common city authority. The city remains the second most important in the Dnipropetrovsk region after Dnipro . Krivyi Rih has two independent universities, and several institutes and technical schools. Until

1540-474: The 43rd Rocket Division of the 43rd Army of the Soviet Strategic Rocket Forces . The division was equipped with R-12 Dvina intercontinental ballistic missiles . In 1975 the city of Kryukiv was merged with Kremenchuk, while Kremenchuk was divided in two raions in city. In 2014 during the mass demolition of monuments to Vladimir Lenin in Ukraine , in the city were removed two monuments of

1617-868: The Bolsheviks proclaimed the Donetsk-Krivoy Rog Soviet Republic , but then in March conceded the territory under the terms of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk to the German-controlled Ukrainian State . After the Germans and their Austro-Hungarian allies withdrew in November 1918, the town was successively occupied by the nationalists of the Ukrainian People's Republic , the counter-revolutionary Volunteer Army of General Denikin (the "Whites"),

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1694-706: The Catherine Railroad linked Kryvyi Rih to the coal mines of the Donbas. At the end of the 19th century the tallest building was the Central Synagogue, built by a thriving Jewish community of artisans, merchants and traders. In 1905, the community was subject to pogroms , in which the authorities were complicit. Many Jewish people left the area, emigrating to Germany , Austria-Hungary and the United States . The surrounding mines attracted prospectors looking to turn

1771-712: The Inhul Palanka division of their de-facto republic. A list of villages and winter camps (zymivnyki) from that time mentions Kryvyi Rih. In 1770, Kryvyi Rih was again recorded as the camp of the Zaporizhian Sich . In May 1775, after the end of the Russian-Turkish War , Russian authorities established Kryvyi Rih as a staging post, in the tradition of the Mongol yam , on the roads to the Russian garrisons of Kremenchuk , Kinburn foreland and Ochakov . In August 1775, on

1848-534: The Krivorozh wool spinning factory was commissioned. In last years of the Soviet Union, and following a sharp reduction in spending on cultural, sports and youth service, the city witnessed neighbourhood-based gang violence—the so-called "war of Runners". The era of Perestrioka was also marked by the emergence of independent trade unions, and of new civic and political organisations. The former Krivoi Rog Air Base

1925-567: The Kryvyi Rih Metallurgical Plant, the future Kryvorizhstal , was laid. The first blast furnace of the metallurgical works produced steel three years later. The city grew rapidly. In the surrounding countryside, industrialisation was accompanied by the collectivisation of agriculture . The dispossession of the peasants and the confiscation of their harvests induced the Holodomor or Great Famine of 1932–33. By 1941, at over 200,000,

2002-589: The Russian Communist leader in the city center and near the Kryukiv Railcar Factory. Oleh Babayev , the mayor of Kremenchuk was assassinated on 26 July 2014. Oleh Babayev opposed separatism and promoted national unity, prior to becoming mayor he was a member of the Batkivshchyna political party which opposed Victor Yanukovich. His political views and Kremenchuk's large industrial base may have been

2079-405: The amount of ore mined. In response to this, and to above-ground worker blockades, plant management made concessions on wages, benefits and health and safety. On the first day of the invasion of Ukraine by Russia , 24 February 2022, there were air strikes against military targets in the city, causing evacuations of residents in the district of Makulan. On 27 February, city mayor Oleksandr Vilkul

2156-626: The anarchist Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine (the Makhnovshchina) and, from 17 January 1920, by the Bolshevik Red Army. In 1922 the region was incorporated into the Ukrainian SSR , a constituent republic of the Soviet Union . The town, with a population of 22,571, was now designated a city. Mine operations were revived, and in 1924 a 55.3 km (34.4 mi) water-supply system

2233-478: The authorities admitted to 4 dead and 15 wounded, witnesses report that soldiers killed at least 7, and that over 200 people were hospitalised with injuries. Fifteen hundred people received prison sentences. In 1975, the city's two-hundredth anniversary was marked by the development of the Jubilee mine and adjacent residential area, and by the construction of a new city administration building and park. In September 1976,

2310-527: The break-up of the Soviet Union contributed to high unemployment and a large-scale exodus from the city in the 1990s. The privatization of Kryvorizhstal in 2005 was followed by increased foreign and private investment which helped finance urban regeneration. Beginning in 2017, there were major labour protests and strikes. Since the beginning of the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, Kryvyi Rih has been

2387-538: The city centre, support began to ebb from the Party of Regions. Petro Poroshenko , who insisted that Russian separatists in the Donbas "don't represent anybody", was supported in the presidential election of 2014. Vilkul was re-elected mayor in 2015, but amidst large-scale protests alleging electoral fraud. In the 2019 Ukrainian presidential election the city supported its native son Volodymyr Zelenskyy , who defeated Poroshenko in

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2464-414: The city had been hit with missiles, local defenders had blocked the runway with mechanical equipment. On the same day, Vilkul said that he had received a phone call from a former colleague who invited him to "sign an agreement of friendship, cooperation and defense with Russia"; he said that he "responded with profanity." On the third day of the war, 27 February, the Russian forces, according to Vilkul, sent

2541-537: The city in Ukraine's national parliament . At the 2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election , they were won by Petro Poroshenko Bloc and independent candidates with representation being from Yuri Pavlov, Andriy Halchenko, Konstantin Usov respectively. Azov Governorate Azov Governorate ( Russian : Азовская губерния , romanized :  Azovskaya guberniya ) was an administrative-territorial unit ( guberniya ) of

2618-555: The city in the mid-19th century. The community had grown sevenfold within a half decade to 3,475 by 1847. The 1897 All-Russia Census recorded the Jewish population of Kremenchuk at 29,768, or at 47% of the total population. Growth of the city's Jewish population stagnated, still hovering at 28,969 by 1926, around 50% of the population, later heavily falling to 19,880 by 1939. Nazi forces occupied Kremenchuk on 9 September 1941, setting restrictions on Jewish purchases and forcing them to wear

2695-542: The city of Kriukiv was connected with Kremenchuk by a railroad bridge over the Dnieper . In 1870 in Kremenchuk a factory was built that produced and maintained agrarian equipment and iron cast products. In 1899 a network of tramway transportation was introduced in Kremenchuk that existed until the complete establishment of Soviet regime in Ukraine in 1921. During the Russian February Revolution of 1917, power in

2772-419: The city until the end of February. Although the greater part of city was destroyed, a special 37th Red Army detachment prevented the German demolition of the power stations in the city and the Saksahan dams. After the war, people lived among the ruins while rebuilding the housing stock. The housing shortage was met by innovative technological solutions, and temporary barracks and houses were quickly built. In

2849-565: The city was controlled by a council (soviet) of workers' deputies which was dominated by the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party and the head of the city council was the future Ukrainian Communist leader Yuriy Lapchynskyi  [ uk ] . During the Ukrainian–Soviet War , on 26 January 1918, Russian Bolshevik troops secured the city, however already in February of the same year they had to withdraw due to

2926-451: The city was occupied by the Russian "White Guard" troops of Anton Denikin . Following their withdrawal, the Denikin's troops blew up the railroad bridge. In 1920–1922, the city was the administrative center of the short-lived Kremenchuk Governorate  [ uk ] during a peasant insurgency (Kholodnyi Yar) near Chyhyryn (just west of the city). During the 1930s, Kremenchuk's industry

3003-461: The city's main plants, Kryvyi Rih Iron Ore Plant, Evraz-Sukha Balka and AMKR. Employees stopped work, held public meetings and occupied administration offices. Conscious that they were receiving one of the lowest wages across the global industry, the metalworkers raised the demand for a monthly wage of US$ 1,000/Euros. The conflict stopped after an agreement was reached to gradually raise wages, on average by 50%. In 2018, protest erupted again triggered by

3080-635: The city. In 1775, the Inhulets Povit (territory) of Novorossiysk Governorate was established on lands of the Inhulets palanca, after the abolition of the Zaporozhian Sich . In 1775/1776 it was part of Kherson Governorate . In 1783, the povit centre became Kryvyi Rih, and it was renamed "Kryvyi Rih Povit". In 1860, Kryvyi Rih received the status of township within the Kherson Governorate . In 1919,

3157-549: The direct order of Catherine the Great , the Sich was forcibly dissolved. The cossack lands were annexed to the Russian province of Novorossiya and distributed among the Russian and Ukrainian gentry. The early 19th century saw the construction of the first stone houses (1828), and three water mills. In 1860, the village was designated a township . Alexander Pol discovered and initiated iron ore investigation and production in this area. He

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3234-634: The events of Euromaidan in 2014 and their aftermath, in local and national elections Kryvyi Rih favored Russian-friendly candidates belonging first, in the 1990s, to the Communist Party of Ukraine and then, in the new century, the Party of Regions . In 2010 the city elected Party of Regions Yuriy Vilkul mayor, and helped Viktor Yanukovych to victory in the presidential election . After the Euromaidan events , which were accompanied by demonstrations and clashes in

3311-563: The exploitation of the area's rich iron-ore deposits, generally called Kryvbas , in the 1880s. Kryvyi Rih gained city status after the October Revolution in 1919. Stalin -era industrialisation built Kryvorizhstal in 1934, the largest integrated metallurgical works in the Soviet Union. After a brutal German occupation in World War II , Kryvyi Rih experienced renewed growth through to the 1970s. The economic dislocation associated with

3388-582: The export markets, and many workers were drafted into the military. A council of soviet of Soldiers and Worker's Deputies was formed in 1917. January 1918 saw the first attempt by the Bolsheviks to establish the authority in the town of the new Soviet government in Moscow. In the civil war that followed the Bolshevik Revolution of October 1917, Kryvyi Rih changed hands several times. In February 1918,

3465-581: The factory, breaking the strike but leaving the central dispute in place. An underlying problem, according to ArcelorMittal's chief procurement officer, is a labour shortage. Skilled workers are emigrating to Poland , Czechia , and to other countries. But the plant's upper management sees costs associated with the higher salaries that might retain workers as an unacceptable threat to an ambitious, multibillion-dollar factory modernization project. Kryvorizhstal , Ukraine's largest integrated steel company, had been privatised in 2005 in publicly televised auction. This

3542-439: The fatal result of underinvestment in plant and safety. On the night of 3–4 March 2018, the roof collapsed at AMKR's converter shop, killing a 25-year-old worker. In May, the ArcelorMittal steel plant ground to a halt as workers refused to guide trains along the factory's self-enclosed supply chain until they received monthly pay of 1,000 euros. Management brought in employees from state-owned railway company Ukrzaliznytsia to run

3619-404: The governorate was performed by a governor. The governors of the second Azov Governorate were 47°06′N 39°25′E  /  47.100°N 39.417°E  / 47.100; 39.417 Kremenchuk Although not as large as some oblast centers, Kremenchuk has a large industrial center in Ukraine and Eastern Europe. A KrAZ truck plant, the Kremenchuk Oil Refinery of Ukrtatnafta ,

3696-400: The invaders faced extensive improvised fortifications and minefields. On 29 March 2022, Vilkul said that the line of contact was no longer on the border with Dnipropetrovsk region , but 40-60 kilometers south in the Kherson Oblast . He was confident that running 120 km north to south, the longest city in Europe could not be surrounded. On 30 March, ArcelorMittal which at the beginning of

3773-449: The late 1940s, re-construction was accompanied by Stakhanovite propaganda: Pre-war iron ore production was restored by 1950. In 1961 this was supplemented by new mines and by the Central and , Northern Iron Ore Enrichment Works . By the end of the Soviet era, Kryvbas was producing 42% of the USSR's and 80% of Ukrainian ore. At the beginning of the 1960s, the city received a signature 185m-tall, guyed tubular steel TV mast. Housing stock

3850-602: The month had idled its steelmaking operations in Kryvyi Rih citing concern for the safety and security of its 26,000 workers and for its assets, announced that it was preparing to restart production. (It 2023, it operated at 25% pre-war capacity. In 2024, the company plans to increase capacity utilization from to 50%). At the end of May 2022, responding to Russian rocket and missile strikes, Ukrainian forces made limited counterattacks south of Kryvyi Rih. The southern Inhulets and Radushne districts remain exposed to Russian shelling with civilian losses. At dawn on 25 August, Kryvyi Rih

3927-416: The motivation for the attack. During the 2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine security at the Kremenchuk Reservoir was heightened as it was seen as a possible target for saboteurs. Until 18 July 2020, Kremenchuk was designated as a city of oblast significance and did not belong to Kremenchuk Raion even though it was the center of the raion. As part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced

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4004-429: The neighboring regions of Poland began the Koliyivshchyna . Here in 1786 the Russian general Alexander Suvorov started his military career when he was appointed a commander of the local garrison (in preparation of the 1787–1792 Russo-Turkish War ). Following defeat in the Crimean War began the installation of a network of railroads in Russia, and in 1869 in Kryukiv were built small railcar repair shops, while in 1872

4081-416: The next five years, the company said it invested more than $ 5 billion in its Kryvyi Rih operations. On 15 October 2020, in an action that began with 393 miners occupying mine-shafts, 18 iron-ore miners came to the surface after spending a total of 43 days underground to protest pay and conditions. The mine administration had introduced piecework wages for most jobs underground, linking people's daily income to

4158-441: The north - the Voronezh Governorate , and to the east - the Astrakhan Governorate . The Azov Governorate was also in charge of a number of fortresses around the Crimean peninsula that Russia received from Ottoman Empire and the city of Kerch which controls the Strait of Kerch and access to the Black Sea . In 1775: 1776: Beginning around the 1780s, the Azov Governorate was divided into counties ( uyezd ). The governorate

4235-425: The number of raions of Poltava Oblast to four, the city was merged into Kremenchuk Raion. During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine , Kremenchuk has been under attack by Russian forces. On 27 April and 12 May an oil refinery was hit by Russian missiles and will be out of operation for months. On 27 June a shopping mall was hit by Russian missiles and caught fire, 16 people died and 59 were injured. Just after

4312-420: The oldest railway-repair and rail-car-building factories in Eastern Europe, dating from 1869. Kremenchuk was founded in 1571 as a fortress. The name Kremenchuk is explained as deriving from the word "kremen" - flint (a mineral) because the city is located on a giant chert plate. An alternative explanation says that "Kremenchuk" is the Turkish for "small fortress". In 1625, at Lake Kurukove in Kremenchuk,

4389-402: The outskirts of town by 150 workers. The first underground mine of the basin began operations in 1886. In 1892, the Hdantsivka ironworks was started. Ore began to be processed locally, spawning new metallurgical enterprises spurred by substantial western, and in particular Belgian, investment. At the same time Kryvyi Rih ore began to feed the German metallurgical industry in Silesia . In 1902,

4466-449: The population of the industrial city had increased almost tenfold. During World War II, Kryvyi Rih was occupied by the German Army from 15 August 1941 to 22 February 1944. It was administered for most of that period as part of the Reichskommissariat Ukraine . In advance of the Germans, industrial plant and machine operators were evacuated to Nizhny Tagil in the Urals. An initial toleration of Ukrainian cultural activity and propaganda by

4543-410: The present city by Zaporozhian Cossacks . According to local legend, the first village in the area was founded by a "crooked" ( Ukrainian slang for 'one-eyed') Cossack named Rih (literally, 'horn'). The name likely derives from the shape of the landmass formed by the confluence of the river Saksahan with the Inhulets . In 1734 the Cossack Zaporizhian Sich (or Host) incorporated the area within

4620-403: The pro-German Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists in the town ended in January and February 1942 with the arrest and execution of the leading Ukrainian activists. In 1939, 12,745 Jews had lived in Krivoy Rog, comprising about 6% of the total population. Those who did not leave the city during the organized evacuation were systematically concentrated and murdered by the Nazi occupiers during

4697-401: The road-making machine works, Kremenchuk Automobile Assembly Plant  [ uk ] , the Kryukivsky Car Manufacturing Plant, train railway rolling stock wagons, the wheel plant, the carbon black plant, the steel works and others. The light industries of the city include tobacco ( JTI ), confectionery ( Roshen ), a knitting factory as well as milk and meat processing plants. Kremenchuk

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4774-420: The second round in April. In the July 2019 elections for the Ukrainian Rada , candidates for Zelenskyy 's Servant of the People Party won the city's three parliamentary seats. However, in December 2020, the Servant of the People candidate for mayor, Dmytr Shevchuk, lost to Kostantin Pavlov of the pro-Russian Opposition Platform — For Life . On 15 August 2021, Pavlov was found dead in the entrance to his home,

4851-459: The south. On 10 March, two rockets struck the Kryvyi Rih International Airport in Lozovatka  [ uk ] . On 12 March, Metinvest shuttered an open pit iron ore mine in the city, and sent the huge trucks used at the mine to block key roads to slow the Russian advance. In its 15 March briefing, the Ukrainian Ministry of Defence stated that the movement by "occupation troops" toward Kryvyi Rih had been stopped. According to Russian sources,

4928-466: The strike, a nearby factory was hit. Russian authorities claimed that the factory hosted weapons supplied by the US and European countries. In 2014, the factory was known to repair armoured personnel carriers ( BTR-70s ). Jews initially began to settle in the city in 1782, and by 1801, there were 454 registered taxpayers in Kremenchuk. As a result of Jewish emigration from further north in the Pale of Settlement, many Jews from northern provinces settled in

5005-406: The target of frequent Russian missile strikes . It was a focus of the southern Ukraine campaign , but the closest ground advance by Russia stalled some 50 kilometres (31 mi) to the south of the city before it was turned back in March 2022. Kryvyi Rih, which in Ukrainian literally means 'crooked horn ' or 'curved cape', was the name originally given in the 18th century to the general area of

5082-431: The township was granted city status in Yekaterinoslav Governorate and, later, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast . As a result of the administrative reform in 1923, Kryvyi Rih povit converted to Kryvyi Rih county. In 1930, it became an independent administrative unit of Ukraine. Kryvyi Rih has four single-mandate parliamentary constituencies entirely within the city, through which members of parliament (MPs) are elected to represent

5159-452: The treaty of Brest-Litovsk and advance of German and Ukrainian armies. Following the World War I hostilities between the Bolshevik Russia and Ukraine renewed and on 1 February 1919 the Russian Red Army once again secured the city. However, in May of the same year Kremechuk was engulfed in the insurgency of Otaman Grigoriev who earlier sided with Bolsheviks and drove the international force of Triple Entante from Odesa. From July to December 1919

5236-409: The war. 29 September, the day when the city was liberated from the Nazis in 1943, is celebrated in Kremenchuk as City Day. Despite a remarkable post-war recovery and a healthier economy, Kremenchuk lacks much of the architectural charm and distinctly Ukrainian (rather than Russian) character of its sister city, the oblast capital of Poltava . During the Cold War, Kremenchuk became the headquarters for

5313-511: Was after the incoming government of President Viktor Yushchenko cancelled a 2004 auction that had seen the company sold at a much lower price, to a consortium that included the son-in-law of ex-President Leonid Kuchma . The Indian-owned international steel conglomerate Mittal Steel proved successful with a bid of $ 4.8 billion, equivalent to a fifth of Ukraine's national budget. In 2006, Mittal took over its international rival, Arcelor, to form ArcelorMittal headquartered in Luxembourg City . Over

5390-451: Was appointed the head of the military administration of Kryvyi Rih. According to Vilkul, the day previously — the second day the war — the Russian military had attempted an air assault. An Ilyushin Il 76 transport had approached an abandoned Soviet-era air base just east of the city. Carrying more than 100 paratroopers with orders to capture the airfield as an “air bridge”, it was forced to abort its mission, 300 metres from landing. As soon as

5467-419: Was based on the recently created and quickly liquidated lands of the Don Host . Some of the lands of the Azov Governorate had been acquired by Russia from the Ottoman Empire per the terms of the Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca (signed in 1774) that were lost in 1711 due to the Pruth River Campaign in the Romanian region. In terms of the modern administrative division of Russia, the southern part of Rostov Oblast

5544-642: Was divided into two provinces, Yekaterine and Bakhmut which in turn were divided into a total of nine uyezds . In less than ten years the government of Azov once again was liquidated after it was merged along with the Novorossiysk Governorate into the Vice-royalty of Yekaterinoslav in 1783. The Azov Government along with Novorossiysk, Astrakhan, and Saratov governments united under the Potyomkin's Novorossiysk General Government The administration of

5621-542: Was hit by cluster munitions . On 14 September 2022, the city faced rising water levels in the Inhulets River, and water shortages, as the Russian forces fired eight cruise missiles at local infrastructure. The strike against President Zelenskyy's home town—an attempt, he suggested, to flood the city—came after his visit to towns in the Kharkiv region regained in Ukraine's first major counteroffensive . The city of Kryvyi Rih

5698-513: Was laid underground. In the summer of 1927, 10,000 people began to work on the Dnieprostroi , a huge dam on the Dnieper River in Zaporizhzhia , whose hydro-electric power drove Kryvyi Rih's industrialisation. The first Mining Institute opened in 1929. The Medical and Pedagogical Institutes were founded. In line with Stalin's plans for break-neck industrialisation, in 1931 the foundation of

5775-651: Was part of the second Azov Governorate. In terms of modern Ukraine, most of East Ukraine was part of the Azov Governorate. To the west it bordered the Novorossiysk Governorate ( Kremenchug ) created out of the recently liquidated Zaporizhian Sich , to the south - the Azov Sea and the Kuban region (under the suzerainty of Crimean Khanate ), to the northwest - the Sloboda Ukraine Governorate ( Kharkov ), to

5852-436: Was replaced and expanded with several large Khrushchyovkas apartment complexes. Urban planning incorporated broad tree-lined avenues with trams lines running down their center. On June 16–18, 1963, increased food prices triggered protests in the city, estimated to involve between 1,000 and 6,000 people. After an ex-serviceman who had interacted with the police was severely beaten, there was rioting. Moscow sent in troops. While

5929-406: Was transformed, its Kriukiv railcar repair shops became a railcar manufacturing factory, while its factory in production of agrarian equipment changed to manufacturing road equipment. During World War II (1939–1945), Kremenchuk suffered heavily under Nazi occupation. It was occupied from 15 September 1941, to 29 September 1943. More than 90% of the city's buildings were leveled over the course of

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