Koriopolis ( Greek : Κοριόπολις ) is the name given by the Greek press to a match fixing scandal in Greek football that came to light in June 2011. With the help of UEFA and the Greek National Intelligence Service, the judicial authorities initially identified 83 suspects, which subsequently increased to 187, including football officials, referees, players and police officers, who were banned from leaving the country.
45-548: The investigation centres on offences that include illegal gambling , fraud , extortion and money laundering . The name Koriopolis is a pun on the name of the Italian scandal of Calciopoli in 2006, and the Greek word korios ( phone tap ). The investigation was launched after UEFA , the sports governing body in Europe, published a report that indicated at least 40 matches were fixed in
90-594: A casino setting. Gambling games that take place outside of casinos include bingo (as played in the US and UK ), dead pool , lotteries , pull-tab games and scratchcards , and Mahjong . Other non-casino gambling games include: *Although coin tossing is not usually played in a casino, it has been known to be an official gambling game in some Australian casinos Fixed-odds betting and Parimutuel betting frequently occur at many types of sporting events, and political elections. In addition many bookmakers offer fixed odds on
135-513: A gaming control board established to oversee the regulation of the industry, such as licensing of those employed in the gaming industry. States that permit casinos and similar forms of gaming often have strict zoning regulations to keep such establishments away from schools and residential areas. Parliament outlawed gambling in 2009, after a May 2009 fire in a gambling hall in Dnipropetrovsk that killed nine people. The Ukrainian parliament passed
180-467: A meta-game regarding the value of a player's collection of pieces. Gambling dates back at least to the Paleolithic period, before written history. In Mesopotamia the earliest six-sided dice date to about 3000 BCE . However, they were based on astragali dating back thousands of years earlier. In China, gambling houses were widespread in the first millennium BCE, and betting on fighting animals
225-648: A gambling contract may not give a casino bona fide purchaser status, permitting the recovery of stolen funds in some situations. In Lipkin Gorman v Karpnale Ltd , where a solicitor used stolen funds to gamble at a casino, the House of Lords overruled the High Court's previous verdict, adjudicating that the casino return the stolen funds less those subject to any change of position defence. U.S. Law precedents are somewhat similar. For case law on recovery of gambling losses where
270-404: A horse crossing the finish line, but longer time frames are also common, allowing wagers on the outcome of a future sports contest or even an entire sports season. The term "gaming" in this context typically refers to instances in which the activity has been specifically permitted by law . The two words are not mutually exclusive; i.e. , a "gaming" company offers (legal) "gambling" activities to
315-563: A house bias can quite easily be missed unless the devices are checked carefully. Most jurisdictions that allow gambling require participants to be above a certain age. In some jurisdictions, the gambling age differs depending on the type of gambling. For example, in many American states one must be over 21 to enter a casino, but may buy a lottery ticket after turning 18. Because contracts of insurance have many features in common with wagers, insurance contracts are often distinguished in law as agreements in which either party has an interest in
360-587: A number of non-sports related outcomes, for example the direction and extent of movement of various financial indices , the winner of television competitions such as Big Brother , and election results. Interactive prediction markets also offer trading on these outcomes, with "shares" of results trading on an open market. One of the most widespread forms of gambling involves betting on horse or greyhound racing . Wagering may take place through parimutuel pools, or bookmakers may take bets personally. Parimutuel wagers pay off at prices determined by support in
405-750: A source of destruction in Singalovada Sutra . Professions that are seen to violate the precept against theft include working in the gambling industry. Ancient Hindu poems like the Gambler's Lament and the Mahabharata testify to the existence of gambling among ancient Indians, while highlighting its destructive impact. The text Arthashastra ( c. 4th century BCE ) recommends taxation and control of gambling. Ancient Jewish authorities frowned on gambling, even disqualifying professional gamblers from testifying in court. The Catholic Church holds
450-430: A statement is true or false, or that a specified event will happen (a "back bet") or will not happen (a "lay bet") within a specified time. This occurs in particular when two people have opposing but strongly held views on truth or events. Not only do the parties hope to gain from the bet, they place the bet also to demonstrate their certainty about the issue. Some means of determining the issue at stake must exist. Sometimes
495-585: Is a consensus among the ‘ Ulema ’ ( Arabic : عُـلـمـاء , Scholars (of Islam )) that gambling is haraam ( Arabic : حَـرام , sinful or forbidden). In assertions made during its prohibition, Muslim jurists describe gambling as being both un- Qur’anic , and as being generally harmful to the Muslim Ummah ( Arabic : أُمَّـة , Community). The Arabic terminology for gambling is Maisir . They ask you about intoxicants and gambling. Say: 'In them both lies grave sin, though some benefit, to mankind. But their sin
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#1733086132714540-464: Is a theoretically risk-free betting system in which every outcome of an event is bet upon so that a known profit will be made by the bettor upon completion of the event regardless of the outcome. Arbitrage betting is a combination of the ancient art of arbitrage trading and gambling, which has been made possible by the large numbers of bookmakers in the marketplace, creating occasional opportunities for arbitrage. One can also bet with another person that
585-543: Is acceptable is a matter of debate: Investments are also usually not considered gambling, although some investments can involve significant risk. Examples of investments include stocks , bonds and real estate . Starting a business can also be considered a form of investment. Investments are generally not considered gambling when they meet the following criteria: Some speculative investment activities are particularly risky, but are sometimes perceived to be different from gambling: A levant or levanting characterises
630-585: Is highly restricted in Japan. Penal Code of Japan 185 - 187 regulates Gamings and lottery and the regulation includes casual gaming within peoples. Because of this, there have been no legal casino or some kinds of that. Additionally, illegal gaming is one of the sources of income of the Yakuza . However, there are some exception such as official gaming (for example, horse racing), Takarakuji lottery and Pachinko . In 2014, Ghana's ambassador to Japan Edmond Kofi Agbenutse Deh
675-616: Is more grave than their benefit.' In parts of the world that implement full Shari‘ah, such as Aceh , punishments for Muslim gamblers can range up to 12 lashes or a one-year prison term and a fine for those who provide a venue for such practises. Some Islamic nations prohibit gambling; most other countries regulate it . According to the Most Holy Book , paragraph 155, gambling is forbidden. While almost any game can be played for money, and any game typically played for money can also be played just for fun, some games are generally offered in
720-508: Is reached, and the motivation is entertainment and not personal gain leading to the "love of money" or making a living. In general, Catholic bishops have opposed casino gambling on the grounds that it too often tempts people into problem gambling or addiction, and has particularly negative effects on poor people; they sometimes also cite secondary effects such as increases in loan sharking, prostitution, corruption, and general public immorality. Some parish pastors have also opposed casinos for
765-406: Is the wagering of something of value ("the stakes") on a random event with the intent of winning something else of value, where instances of strategy are discounted. Gambling thus requires three elements to be present: consideration (an amount wagered), risk (chance), and a prize . The outcome of the wager is often immediate, such as a single roll of dice , a spin of a roulette wheel, or
810-981: The Christian Reformed Church in North America , the Church of the Lutheran Confession , the Southern Baptist Convention , the Assemblies of God , and the Seventh-day Adventist Church . Other churches that oppose gambling include the Jehovah's Witnesses , The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints , the Iglesia ni Cristo , and the Members Church of God International . There
855-621: The Ridotto , started operating in 1638 in Venice, Italy. Gambling has been a main recreational activity in Great Britain for centuries. Queen Elizabeth I chartered a lottery that was drawn in 1569. Horseracing has been a favorite theme for over three centuries. It has been heavily regulated. Historically much of the opposition comes from Nonconformist Protestants , and from social reformers. Gambling has been part of Singapore's history, though it
900-607: The "bet-upon" outcome beyond the specific financial terms; for example, a "bet" with an insurer on whether one's house will burn down is not gambling, but rather insurance , as the homeowner has an obvious interest in the continued existence of the home independent of the purely financial aspects of the "bet" (i.e., the insurance policy). Nonetheless, both insurance and gambling contracts are typically considered aleatory contracts under most legal systems, though they are subject to different types of regulation. Under common law , particularly English Law ( English unjust enrichment ),
945-431: The 68 suspects were also Thomas Mitropoulos president of Egaleo FC ), Ioannis Kompotis (owner of Levadiakos FC ), Giorgos Borovilos (president of Asteras Tripolis ), Dimitris Bakos (owner of Asteras Tripolis), the referees Giachos, Tryfonas, Giannis Alafouzos and many more. Giorgos Nikitiadis, the government's deputy culture minister, described the investigation as "the darkest page in the history of Greek football" and
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#1733086132714990-741: The Koriopolis case. In the end, only Giorgos Tsakogiannis was convicted of illegal betting on a continuous basis and for participation in an illegal bet. Gaming law Gambling law is the set of rules and regulations that apply to the gaming or gambling industry. Gaming law is not a branch of law in the traditional sense but rather is a collection of several areas of law that include criminal law , regulatory law , constitutional law , administrative law , company law , contract law , and in some jurisdictions, competition law . At common law, gambling requires consideration , chance and prize , legal terms that must be analyzed by gaming lawyers within
1035-678: The act of absconding following the outcome of a bet. Problem gambling has multiple symptoms. Gamblers often play again to try to win back money they have lost, and some gamble to relieve feelings of helplessness and anxiety. In the United Kingdom, the Advertising Standards Authority has censured several betting firms for advertisements disguised as news articles suggesting falsely that a person had cleared debts and paid for medical expenses by gambling online. The firms face possible fines. A 2020 study of 32 countries found that
1080-713: The additional reason that they would take customers away from church bingo and annual festivals where games such as blackjack , roulette , craps , and poker are used for fundraising. St. Thomas Aquinas wrote that gambling should be especially forbidden where the losing bettor is underage or otherwise not able to consent to the transaction. Gambling has often been seen as having social consequences , as satirized by Balzac . For these social and religious reasons, most legal jurisdictions limit gambling, as advocated by Pascal . Gambling views among Protestants vary, with some either discouraging or forbidding their members from participation in gambling. Methodists , in accordance with
1125-413: The amount bet remains nominal, demonstrating the outcome as one of principle rather than of financial importance. Betting exchanges allow consumers to both back and lay at odds of their choice. Similar in some ways to a stock exchange, a bettor may want to back a horse (hoping it will win) or lay a horse (hoping it will lose, effectively acting as bookmaker). Spread betting allows gamblers to wager on
1170-455: The context of any gaming operation. Gaming law is enormously complex. In the United States, it involves federal and state law considerations. In Canada, it involves federal and provincial law considerations, in a variety of legal disciplines. In the United States, each state has its own laws regarding the regulation or prohibition of gambling. States that permit such gaming usually have
1215-676: The country during the 2009–10 season. Among the 68 suspects listed by judicial authorities on 24 June 2011 were Greek Super League chairman and Olympiacos owner Evangelos Marinakis (who was later acquitted) other club officials, players, referees and a chief of police. Details of the scandal were outlined in a 130-page document, a copy of which was seen by the Associated Press . It contains numerous transcripts of recorded telephone conversations, filled with profanities and threats of physical violence, allegedly between corrupt team officials deciding match results, using players and referees. Among
1260-708: The doctrine of outward holiness , oppose gambling which they believe is a sin that feeds on greed. Other denominations that discourage gambling are the United Methodist Church , the Free Methodist Church , the Evangelical Wesleyan Church , the Salvation Army , and the Church of the Nazarene . Other Protestants that oppose gambling include Mennonites , Schwarzenau Brethren , Quakers ,
1305-415: The early 20th century, gambling was almost uniformly outlawed throughout the U.S. and thus became a largely illegal activity, helping to spur the growth of the mafia and other criminal organizations . The late 20th century saw a softening in attitudes towards gambling and a relaxation of laws against it. Many jurisdictions, local as well as national, either ban gambling or heavily control it by licensing
1350-595: The law "On Prohibition of Gambling Business in Ukraine" (Gambling Ban Law) banning gambling business and any participation in gambling in Ukraine on May 15. The President of Ukraine Viktor Yushchenko signed the law on June 23 and on June 25 it came into force. The Law On Prohibition of Gambling Business in Ukraine also applied to internet casinos, it did not apply to lotteries. The Parliament legalised gambling again on 14 July 2020, albeit with regulations and age restrictions (minimum age of 22). Gaming (including kinds of lottery)
1395-407: The legal gambling market totaling an estimated $ 335 billion in 2009. In other forms, gambling can be conducted with materials that have a value, but are not real money. For example, players of marbles games might wager marbles, and likewise games of Pogs or Magic: The Gathering can be played with the collectible game pieces (respectively, small discs and trading cards) as stakes, resulting in
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1440-552: The loser had stolen the funds see "Rights of owner of stolen money as against one who won it in gambling transaction from thief". An interesting question is what happens when the person trying to make recovery is the gambler's spouse, and the money or property lost was either the spouse's, or was community property . This was a minor plot point in a Perry Mason novel, The Case of the Singing Skirt , and it cites an actual case Novo v. Hotel Del Rio . The Buddha stated gambling as
1485-412: The new usage still not having displaced the old usage as the primary definition in common dictionaries. "Gaming" has also been used euphemistically to circumvent laws against "gambling". The media and others have used one term or the other to frame conversations around the subjects, resulting in a shift of perceptions among their audiences. Gambling is also a major international commercial activity, with
1530-605: The outcome of an event where the pay-off is based on the accuracy of the wager, rather than a simple "win or lose" outcome. For example, a wager can be based on the when a point is scored in the game in minutes and each minute away from the prediction increases or reduces the payout. Many betting systems have been created in an attempt to "beat the house" but no system can make a mathematically unprofitable bet in terms of expected value profitable over time. Widely used systems include: Many risk-return choices are sometimes referred to colloquially as "gambling." Whether this terminology
1575-401: The position that there is no moral impediment to gambling, so long as it is fair, all bettors have a reasonable chance of winning, there is no fraud involved, and the parties involved do not have actual knowledge of the outcome of the bet (unless they have disclosed this knowledge), and as long as the following conditions are met: the gambler can afford to lose the bet, and stops when the limit
1620-509: The probe would go "as deep and as high as necessary". On 28 July 2011 it was announced that Olympiacos Volos and Kavala would be relegated to the Football League , and their chairmen Achilleas Beos and Makis Psomiadis would face a lifelong ban from any football-related activity. Both of them appealed the decision. On 10 August 2011 the final decision from the HFF 's court had been made. It
1665-781: The public and may be regulated by one of many gaming control boards , for example, the Nevada Gaming Control Board . However, this distinction is not universally observed in the English-speaking world. For instance, in the United Kingdom, the regulator of gambling activities is called the Gambling Commission (not the Gaming Commission). The word gaming is used more frequently since the rise of computer and video games to describe activities that do not necessarily involve wagering, especially online gaming , with
1710-580: The replacement of the two football prosecutors (Fakos, Antonakakis) with two others (Petropoulos, Karras). The scandal investigation has stopped and never resumed ever since. In September 2012, the Hellenic Football Federation decided the return Olympiacos Volos to the second division . In 2013, the first trial took place, which found guilty officials Makis Psomiadis and Thomas Mitropoulos . On 18 March 2016, Panathinaikos FC President Giannis Alafouzos sued judges Tziblakis and Poulios for
1755-641: The vendors. Such regulation generally leads to gambling tourism and illegal gambling in the areas where it is not allowed. The involvement of governments, through regulation and taxation, has led to a close connection between many governments and gambling organizations, where legal gambling provides significant government revenue, such as in Monaco and Macau , China. There is generally legislation requiring that gambling devices be statistically random , to prevent manufacturers from making some high-payoff results impossible. Since these high payoffs have very low probability ,
1800-987: The wagering pools, while bookmakers pay off either at the odds offered at the time of accepting the bet; or at the median odds offered by track bookmakers at the time the race started. Betting on team sports has become an important service industry in many countries. Before the advent of the internet, millions of people played the football pools every week in the United Kingdom . In addition to organized sports betting, both legal and illegal, there are many side-betting games played by casual groups of spectators, such as NCAA basketball tournament Bracket Pools, Super Bowl Squares, Fantasy Sports Leagues with monetary entry fees and winnings, and in-person spectator games like Moundball . Based on Sports Betting, Virtual Sports are fantasy and never played sports events made by software that can be played every time without wondering about external things like weather conditions. Arbitrage betting
1845-511: Was common. Lotto games and dominoes (precursors of Pai Gow ) appeared in China as early as the 10th century. Playing cards appeared in the 9th century CE in China. Records trace gambling in Japan back at least as far as the 14th century. Poker , the most popular U.S. card game associated with gambling, derives from the Persian game As-Nas , dating back to the 17th century. The first known casino,
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1890-540: Was presently being considered against Olympiacos F.C. regarding its participation in the Champions League of the following season. On 23 August 2011, Olympiacos Volos and Kavala ultimately didn't get the license to participate and were relegated to Delta Ethniki for their involvement in the scandal. In February 2012, the Super League Greece with the agreement of the Hellenic Football Federation achieved
1935-589: Was recalled after a casino was raided in a property belonging to the Ghana Embassy. A contract was discovered that detailed the casino's payments of ¥500,000 per month to the Embassy, which had Edmond's name on it. The casino manager, Hiroyuki Yamanoi, was arrested along with nine employees and two customers. This gambling -related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Gambling Gambling (also known as betting or gaming )
1980-448: Was strictly controlled by the government for many years. In the mid-20th century, illegal gambling was common. However, with the opening of regulated casinos in 2010, the approach shifted. Today, the government enforces strict laws to promote responsible gambling and prevent illegal activities. Gambling has been a popular activity in the United States for centuries. It has also been suppressed by law in many areas for almost as long. By
2025-533: Was ultimately decided that both teams would remain in the Super League , though with points deducted from the 2011-12 Super League season; Olympiacos Volos had 10 points deducted and Kavala 8 points. The next day, 11 August 2011, Olympiacos Volos, which had reached the Europa League play-off round, were excluded from the competition by UEFA for their involvement in the scandal. UEFA officials said no action
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