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82-483: The parklands comprise the following areas: The Laverton Creek which runs south into Port Phillip Bay separates Truganina Park and Altona Treatment Plant on the western side from the other areas on the eastern side. Truganina Park is linked to Explosives Reserve by the Laverton Creek Bridge – a wooden cycle and foot bridge. Truganina Park is a 25-hectares recreational and conservation park, 'recycled ' from

164-663: A 600 square metre area. The project aimed to improve marine biodiversity, water quality and fish habitat. Like the Yarra which flows into it, Port Phillip faces the environmental concerns of pollution and water quality. Litter, silt and toxins can affect the beaches to the point where they are shut down by EPA Victoria . In 2008, the owner and master of Hong Kong-registered container vessel MV Sky Lucky were found liable for illegally disposing garbage into Port Phillip, convicted and fined $ 35,000. An Environmental Management Plan has been adopted for 2017-2027 in order to improve and ensure

246-507: A child, and 307 convicts with 17 convicts' wives and 7 children) entered Port Phillip. After some investigation it was decided to establish the settlement at a spot known as Sullivan Bay , very close to where Sorrento now exists. The expedition landed at Sullivan Bay on 17 October 1803, and the first of the "orders" issued by Collins bears that date. On 25 October, the King's birthday, the British flag

328-469: A closed bay that formed over the western portion of the prehistoric Bassian Plain, which was later completely flooded and became Bass Strait . The Aboriginal people inhabited the area long before the bay was formed, with evidence of occupation dating at least 40,000 years ago. Settler records indicate an oral history with at least 18,000 years of linearity when Boonwurrung Elder Ningerranarro spoke of his ancestors hunting kangaroo and possum where

410-464: A few sandy beaches, there mostly exists a greater variety of beaches, swampy wetlands and mangroves. The occasional pebble beach and rocky cliffs can also be found, mostly in the southern reaches. Due to its shallow depth, several artificial islands and forts have been built; however, despite the depth, it only hosts a few true islands. Many sandy, muddy banks and shallows exist in its southern reaches, such as Mud Islands , but most islands are located in

492-465: A habitat for aquatic birds. The park also contains picnic and barbecue facilities, with future plans for an adventure playground, climbing wall and nature trails. Truganina Park is managed by the Hobsons Bay City Council . The Truganina Explosives Reserve is a fenced-in area of 17 hectares of crown land, located 26 km west of Melbourne City at the mouth of Laverton Creek . The site

574-459: A land route to Western Port and also sailed to the northwest shore of Port Phillip. On this latter journey, a large group of about 200 Aboriginal people came to meet the Britishers with "hostile intentions", and "with the application of fire-arms absolutely necessary to repel them", several Aboriginal people were shot. Lack of fresh water and good timber led this first British attempt at settlement in

656-616: A number of sites. Port Phillip lies in southern Victoria, separated from Bass Strait by the Bellarine Peninsula to the southwest and Mornington Peninsula to the southeast. It is the largest bay in Victoria and one of the largest inland bays in Australia. The narrow entrance to the bay, called the Rip , between Point Lonsdale and Point Nepean , features strong tidal streams made turbulent by

738-404: A recreational parkland. A series of scientific studies have identified the site as highly significant for its archaeological, geological, geomorphological, floral, fauna, cultural and industrial heritage values. The high metal fence has protected the site from human access so the land has remained isolated for more than 100 years, growing wild, undisturbed by surrounding developments and allowing

820-532: A separate indigenous ecosystem. The fence evokes a sense of enclosure, seclusion, intrigue for visitors and its continuous nature, without direct visual links to the modified external landscape, creates an atmosphere of tranquility. Past inhabitation by Aboriginal tribes about 6500 years ago was evidenced by the unearthing of many stone artefacts from the area. The site is regarded to have a high geomorphological significance. It has several broad low ridges up to 1.5 metres high which are believed to have been deposited on

902-637: A small ceremony at a place now known as the Point King Foreshore Reserve in Sorrento . A few days later Murray sailed out of the heads and returned to Sydney . About ten weeks after Murray, Matthew Flinders in HMS ; Investigator also found and entered the bay, unaware Murray had been there. The official history of Nicholas Baudin 's explorations in Le Géographe claimed they too had sighted

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984-619: A typical day will range from 6 °C (43 °F) to 14 °C (57 °F). Port Phillip is often warmer than the surrounding oceans and/or the land mass, particularly in spring and autumn; this can set up a " bay effect ", similar to the " lake effect snow " seen in colder climates, where showers are intensified leeward of the bay (particularly in Melbourne 's eastern suburbs ). Port Phillip hosts many beaches, most of which are flat, shallow and long, with very small breaks making swimming quite safe. This attracts many tourists, mostly families, to

1066-517: Is a horsehead-shaped enclosed bay on the central coast of southern Victoria , Australia . The bay opens into the Bass Strait via a short, narrow channel known as The Rip , and is completely surrounded by localities of Victoria's two largest cities — metropolitan Greater Melbourne in the bay's main eastern portion north of the Mornington Peninsula , and the city of Greater Geelong in

1148-477: Is a suburb in Melbourne , Victoria , Australia , 22.4 km (13.9 mi) west of Melbourne's Central Business District , located within the Cities of Melton and Wyndham local government areas . Truganina recorded a population of 36,305 at the 2021 census . The suburb is believed to be named after Truganini , who is generally accepted as the last full-blooded Aboriginal Tasmanian woman, as she had visited

1230-650: Is an important feeding ground for waterbirds and migratory waders . The Mud Islands , off Sorrento , are an important breeding habitat for white-faced storm petrels , silver gulls , Australian pelicans and Pacific gulls . Salt marshes in the northwestern sections of the bay, such as that in the Werribee Sewage Farm and the adjacent Spit Nature Conservation Reserve , are within the Port Phillip Bay (Western Shoreline) and Bellarine Peninsula Ramsar Site , listed as wetlands of international importance under

1312-438: Is an important habitat for migratory wading birds such as pelicans , greenshanks , royal spoonbills and birds from as far as Siberia . It also supports many fish, such as black bream , common galaxias , short-finned eel , flat-headed gudgeon, Tamar River goby , small-mouthed hardyhead, goldfish , yellow-eyed mullet and mosquito fish . The site is archaeologically important as it used to be frequented by Kooris from

1394-529: Is facilitated by the Federation Trail at the southern border of the suburb, however few of the main roads provide provision for bicycles. The nearest railway stations is Williams Landing which is 3.5 kilometres from the centre of Truganina. Laverton and Hoppers Crossing , both on the Werribee railway line are 5 kilometres from the centre of Truganina. Another similarly distant railway station, Tarneit , at

1476-738: Is home to about 100 to 150 of the recently described species of bottlenose dolphin , the Burrunan dolphin ( Tursiops australis ). The other 50 or so of this rare species are to be found in the Gippsland Lakes . Port Phillip has lost over 95% of native flat oyster and blue mussel reefs since European settlement. In 2014 the Port Phillip Shellfish Reef restoration project set about restoring shellfish reefs at two locations off Hobsons Bay near St Kilda, and off Corio Bay near Avalon. 300,000 native Angasi oysters were laid on limestone rubble over

1558-462: Is most likely the closest correct Anglicised pronunciation. Truganina is expected to have a population of 39,951 by 2031, which would be an increase of 1,350.6%, or 28,633 persons from 2006. Truganina (and neighbouring Tarneit ) is largely characterised by low density development and is growing rapidly in advance of transport infrastructure and services, meaning that the vast majority of new residents are currently dependent on automobiles. The growth

1640-671: Is primarily due to affordable housing and the area's location within a growth corridor that is close to the major manufacturing areas in Laverton and the proposed business park on part of the RAAF Williams Base . Both Truganina and Tarneit are the first suburbs in Victoria to have a majority Indian population. People who live in developments with broadband hubs will have access to high speed DSL services, as local exchanges are too far away for effective DSL services. New houses being built are now being connected to National Broadband Network using

1722-569: Is topped by a sculpture called the Time Beacon, created by the artist Cameron Robbins and looking out over Port Phillip Bay . The Truganina Park is home to the endangered Altona skipper butterfly . A concrete drain, which takes stormwater from the adjacent residential Altona Meadows and runs through the Park, is restructured to form the Truganina Wetlands, which filter the stormwater and provide

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1804-454: The City of Wyndham and the key industries are manufacturing and logistics. Truganina Post Office opened on 12 June 1878, closed in 1895, reopened in 1902 and closed again in 1942. The nearby Tarneit Post Office opened in 2008 to serve the area. In 1969 bushfires claimed about 60 houses in the area. The pronunciation of Truganina has two common points of dispute. The first is the vowel used in

1886-518: The FTTP and FTTC technologies. Truganina's road network is laid out in street hierarchy , with almost all residential streets feeding into a grid of main roads including busy east–west corridor Sayers Road, Leakes Road, Dohertys Road and Boundary Road, and north–south links Morris Road, Marquands Road, Woods Road and Palmers Road. As part of the Regional Rail Link project, bridges were built over

1968-468: The Lady Nelson off what is now known as Sorrento Beach. During this voyage, Murray records in his journal his first encounter with local Aboriginal peoples. This initially friendly encounter started with trading, eating, and gifting, and was suddenly interrupted by a violent ambush by a large group of Aboriginal people. "They were all clothed in opossum skins and in each basket a certain quantity of gum

2050-595: The Mornington Peninsula to Frankston , Safety Beach / Dromana and Rye to Portsea . Longshore drift carries sand from south to north during winter and from north to south during summer. Cliff erosion control has often resulted in sand starvation, necessitating offshore dredging to replenish the beach. On the western side of the bay there is a greater variety of beach types, including both sandy and sandstone rock beaches, seen at Queenscliff , St Leonards , Indented Head , Portarlington , Altona and Geelong's Eastern Beach . Numerous sandbanks and shoals occur in

2132-489: The Ramsar Convention , and the critically endangered orange-bellied parrot is found at three wintering sites with saltmarsh habitat around Port Phillip and the Bellarine Peninsula . A variety of seabirds , such as Australasian gannets , nest on artificial structures in the bay. Port Phillip contains 3 Marine Sanctuaries managed by Parks Victoria to protect and conserve the bay's biodiversity, ecological processes and

2214-741: The brown quail . It also hosts four bat species, eight types of mammals and two types of reptiles. The Hobsons Bay City Council is managing the site and together with the Truganina Explosives Reserve Preservation Society, are restoring the Reserve to its original landscape, including the restoration of the historic Keepers Residence, built in 1897 to house the Officers in Charge of the Reserve. Public access has been limited to publicised Open Days and specially-arranged group tours while

2296-564: The last Ice Age around 8000 BCE and around 6000 BCE, when the sea-level rose to drown the vast river plains , wetlands and lakes at what was then the lower reaches of the Yarra River . The ancient Yarra and its tributaries (the other present-day rivers of the Port Phillip catchment) flowed down what is now the middle of the bay, formed a coastal lake in the southern reaches of the bay dammed by The Heads , and subsequently pouring out into

2378-631: The scrub by the waterholes were "honey eaters, warblers, red coat robins, emu wren with 2 long feathers in tail, Laughing jack ass- everywhere, butcher bird, also known as shrike or whistling jackass, Quail where coverage good in bottom of scrub, turkey at Boneo and the big swamp off the property." On the flats were found spur wing plovers, minas, and leatherheads. In timbers near the flats were "many varieties of parrots, Lorry, Rosella, Blue mountain or honeysuckle parrot, Sulphur –crested white cockatoo, Black cockatoo of two kinds, Grey cockatoo with scarlet crest and Corella or cockatoo parrot." Among

2460-521: The Argus from Cowes, Flinders, Kangaroo Grounds, Mornington, Queenscliff, Eltham, Lilydale, Shoreham, and Cape Schanck, all mention the earthquake." Anthonys Nose is an escarpment landform of Devonian granite on the Mornington Peninsula that is located where Arthurs Seat  ends as the mountain falls steeply towards Port Phillip and is part of the Selwyn Fault . In 1800, Lieutenant James Grant

2542-531: The Bay and widened to increase its capacity for carrying floodwater. A levee bank was built on the eastern side to protect the adjacent residential areas from floodwater. The Truganina Swamp became a haven for motorbike and trailbike riders and a dumping ground for cars and industrial rubbish. The Friends of Westona Wetlands were formed in 1993 and had persuaded Melbourne Water to install a fence to keep out illegal traffic and prevent access to ecologically-sensitive areas of

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2624-429: The Bay now lies. Large piles of semi-fossilised seashells known as middens can still be seen in places around the shoreline, marking the spots where Aboriginal people held feasts. They made a good living from the abundant sea-life, which included penguins and seals . In the cold season, they wore possum-skin cloaks and intricate feathered head-dresses. A dry period combined with sand bar formation, may have dried

2706-519: The Swamp. This environmental group also worked with local companies such as Hoechst Chemicals (now Qenos) in constructing a bridge (from a disused walkway) in 1997 over the Saline Pond drain near the adjacent Port Phillip Retirement Village and Dow Chemicals in constructing a bird hide in 1998. The bird hide can be accessed from the entrance to Truganina Swamp on Bell Avenue. A walking and cycling trail encircles

2788-562: The Woiworung and Bunurong tribe who foraged the area for its variety of animals, fish and plant food. Historically, Truganina Swamp was a terminal swamp with no defined outlet to Port Phillip Bay. With expanding urban development in Altona, the swamp was acquired by the Board of Works (now Melbourne Water) in 1961 for drainage and flood mitigation. The Laverton Creek channel was constructed to drain water to

2870-454: The Yarra River, which make up today's Port of Melbourne . The Melbourne Harbor Trust and Geelong Harbor Trust were responsible for the piers and wharves in their respective cities — they are now the government owned Port of Melbourne Corporation and the privately operated GeelongPort. Truganina Truganina ( / ˌ t r ʌ ɡ ə ˈ n aɪ n ə / TRUG -ə- NY -nə )

2952-539: The area for a short time. Truganina is a rapidly growing suburban area, with Truganina recording a population of 20,687 at the 2016 census . It is bordered roughly by the Skeleton-Waterholes Creek to the west; Boundary Road to the north; Foundation to the east and the Federation Trail to the south. It is home to the football club of Western United . Truganina is one of the key industrial precincts of

3034-672: The bay he described "scallop shells which were used as an oil lamp with a bulrush wick, banks of cockles covered with birds, grey and white gulls, a 13-16 lb size schnapper ground off Mt Martha Point, mutton fish or venus ear- bait, coatfish, parrot fish , leather jackets, flathead , dog fish, sting rays, shark tailed rays, and pig fish that he thought to be "very old". On the beaches could be sighted pelicans, penguins, grey and grey white gull, called "bungan" by aborigines (the Bunurong Mayone-bulluk clan), small white and lavender gull, pied oyster catchers, terns, cormorants,

3116-490: The bay is shallower than 8 m (26 ft). Its waters and coast are home to seals , whales , dolphins , corals and many kinds of seabirds and migratory waders . Before European settlement , the area around Port Phillip was divided between the territories of the Wathaurong (west), Wurundjeri (north) and Boonwurrung (south and east) people, all part of the indigeous Kulin nation . The first Europeans to enter

3198-570: The bay is the driest part of southern Victoria and almost approaches a semi-arid climate ( BSk ) with a mean annual rainfall as low as 425 millimetres (17 in) (comparable to Nhill or Numurkah ), whilst the eastern shores less shielded by the Otways receive as much as 850 millimetres (33 in). Summer temperatures average around 25 °C (77 °F) during the day and 14 °C (57 °F) at night, but occasional northerly winds can push temperatures over 40 °C (104 °F), whilst in winter

3280-586: The bay of Port Phillip have shown increases. Unlike in Portland and on Great Ocean Road , Southern Rights in eastern Victorian waters are still critically endangered and in very small numbers; however, presences of cow-calf pairs in the bay in recent years indicate that Port Phillip was possibly once a wintering/calving ground for these whales. They swim very close to shores to take rests in shallow, sheltered waters, sometimes just next to piers in Frankston . The bay

3362-505: The bay out as recently as between 800 BCE and 1000 CE. Seismicity has been observed around the bay continually since the 1800s with earlier earthquakes recorded in local newspaper reports. An earthquake that occurred in July 1885 was described in a newspaper.   "The earth-quake appears to have been confined to the southern portion of the colony, and principally to those places bordering on Bass's Straits and Port Phillip Bay. Telegrams to

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3444-424: The bay were the crews of HMS  Lady Nelson , commanded by John Murray and, ten weeks later, HMS  Investigator commanded by Matthew Flinders , in 1802. Subsequent expeditions into the bay took place in 1803 to establish the first settlement in Victoria, near Sorrento , but was abandoned in 1804. Thirty years later, settlers from Tasmania returned to establish Melbourne (now Victoria's capital city) at

3526-574: The bay's entrance, The Rip , and later lived with an Aboriginal Australian group for many years, being given up for dead. Port Phillip was then left mostly undisturbed until 1835, when settlers from Tasmania led by John Batman and John Pascoe Fawkner (who had been at the Sorrento settlement as a child) established Melbourne on the lower reaches of the Yarra. John Batman encountered William Buckley who then became an important translator in negotiations with

3608-401: The beaches of Port Phillip during the summer months and school holidays. Water sports such as body boarding and surfing are difficult or impossible, except in extreme weather conditions. However, stand up paddle boarding (SUP), kite surfing and wind surfing are very popular. Most sandy beaches are located on the bay's northern, eastern and southern shorelines, while the western shorelines host

3690-460: The bluedevil fish and fantastic sponge walls on the Lonsdale wall in the heads of the bay. It also hosts breeding colonies of Australian fur seals . Occasionally, Australian sea lions , New Zealand fur seals , subantarctic fur seals , and leopard seals may come into the bay as well. Certain individual southern elephant seals may frequent the bay as well. Swan Bay , adjacent to Queenscliff,

3772-462: The boat, Murray ordered grapeshot and round shot to be fired from the carronades aboard the ship at the fleeing Aboriginal people. Murray said "Thus did this treachery and unprovoked attack meet with its just punishment and at the same time taught us a useful lesson to be more cautious in future." After exploring the southern part of the bay, Murray formally took possession of the area on 8 March 1802 for King George III of Great Britain in

3854-525: The centre of each spiral, followed by the medium-height trees and the shortest trees towards the outer edges, thus forming each spiral into a step pyramid. Her spiral design considers the height and forms of each tree type when fully grown and overcomes the problem of land erosion and desertification at the site. 37°52′43″S 144°48′18″E  /  37.87861°S 144.80500°E  / -37.87861; 144.80500 Port Phillip Bay Port Phillip ( Kulin : Narm-Narm ) or Port Phillip Bay

3936-413: The cherry trees in the garden at the homestead were "bronzewing pigeon and satin birds, love birds and honeyeating parakeets." Birds of prey were "eagle hawks, falcons, and owls, some white and of great size". Small numbers of common dolphins have become residents in eastern parts of the bay since the late 2000s. In recent years, the numbers of southern humpback and southern right whales entering

4018-675: The corner of Derrimut Road and Leakes Road in nearby Tarneit, opened recently as part of the Regional Rail Link project. This would provide V/Line diesel services on route between Geelong and Melbourne. There are plans for an additional Truganina railway station to eventually be added to the line to service Truganina. Truganina Rabbitohs play rugby league in NRL Victoria . There are several schools in Truganina, including Parts of Truganina have been planned as new areas for industrial zones. These planned areas lie northwards and eastwards of

4100-555: The crew of the Lady Nelson , commanded by John Murray , which entered the bay on 15 February 1802. The bay was then known as Narm-Narm by the people of the Kulin tribe, and Murray called the bay Port King after the Governor of New South Wales , Philip Gidley King . On 4 September 1805, King formally renamed it Port Phillip, in honour of his predecessor Arthur Phillip . Murray chose to base

4182-478: The east shore of the bay. Later, resorts further south such as Sorrento and Portsea became popular. The more swampy western shores of the bay were not so favoured, and have been used mainly for non-residential purposes such as agriculture, the Point Cook Royal Australian Air Force base and the Werribee Sewage Farm , and significant nature reserves. In recent decades the population along

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4264-422: The entrance at that time (30 March 1802) but this is almost certainly a later embellishment or error, being absent from the ship's logs and Baudin's own accounts. As a result of Murray's and Flinders' reports, King sent Lieutenant Charles Robbins in HMS  Cumberland to explore Port Phillip fully. This surveying party, which included Charles Grimes , produced a mostly complete chart of Port Phillip including

4346-536: The former Altona Landfill Tip, which was closed in 1998. A key feature of the Park is the 100 Steps to Federation, a stone staircase made from Bluestone basalt rocks recycled from the Tip. The steps lead to the highest land point between Melbourne and the You Yangs mountain ranges, where you can take in sweeping panoramic views of Melbourne City, Port Phillip Bay and the adjoining Cheetham Wetlands . The 17-metres high mound

4428-408: The gullies, that were caught in box traps with sliding doors, porcupine ant eater or echidna that were at the back of Arthur's Seat mountain, the great iguana, tree lizard- 5 feet, python, and the rock or sleeping lizard." The trees were coast banksia, honey suckle, and grass trees "with crowns for thatching". The gum of Xanthorrhoea australis was used for carriage varnish. In the waters of

4510-468: The historic McCrae Homestead on the southern shore of the bay, part of the Mornington Peninsula . In the letters he described in detail the natural history of the area in the 1840s, and the species he particularly remembered 60 years later. In 1939, Charles Daley read an article before the Royal Historical Society of Victoria based on these letters, which was published in its journal in 1940

4592-493: The initial syllable "Trug", and the second is the vowel used in the third syllable "ni". Because the suburb is believed to be named after the indigenous Tasmanian woman, Truganini , the pronunciation of Truganina can be elucidated by the phonology of her name in her native tongue . In the Bruny Island Tasmanian language ( Nuennonne ), Truganina was the name of the grey saltbush, Atriplex cinerea . According to

4674-411: The little sandpiper, and musk ducks. In the swamps (which have since been filled in) were "The Nankeen bird with one long white feather behind the ear, The rail, The bittern, The snipe and jack snipe, Several ducks- wood duck, black duck, Teal, Spoonbill, Black swan Geese, Cranes, Blue and white coots, Water hens, Kingfishers here and there and swamp or ground parrot with the barred tail feathers." In

4756-607: The local Aboriginal tribesmen. In 1838 Geelong was founded, and became the main port serving the growing wool industry of the Western District . For a time Geelong rivalled Melbourne as the leading settlement on the bay, but the Gold Rush which began in 1851 gave Melbourne a decisive edge as the largest town in Victoria. As Melbourne prospered, its wealthy classes discovered the recreational uses of Port Phillip. Bayside suburbs such as St Kilda and Brighton were established on

4838-465: The marshy shallows of Swan Bay . Some of the bay's major islands include: Jellyfish are a familiar sight in Port Phillip, and its waters are home to species such as Australian fur seals , bottlenose dolphins , common dolphins , humpback whales , and southern right whales . Many other cetacean species may also migrate off the areas. The smooth toadfish is one of the most common fishes in muddy areas. The bay has many endemic species including

4920-505: The mid-Holocene era, when the sea level was 1–3 metres higher than at present. The present alignment of the golf course and its use as an open-space facility preserves the general form of the ridges. The ridges are important for analysing sea level changes over the last few thousand years. The site is one of a small number of mapped and dated localities on the Victorian coast that indicates higher Holocene sea levels. There are plans to open to

5002-404: The mouth of the Yarra River in 1835, and Geelong at Corio Bay in 1838. Today, Port Phillip is the most densely populated catchment in Australia with an estimated 5.5 million people living around the bay; Melbourne's suburbs extend around much of the northern and eastern shorelines, and the city of Geelong sprawls around Corio Bay in the bay's western arm. Port Phillip formed between the end of

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5084-678: The mouth of the Yarra River , which they visited on 2 February 1803. Robbins found Aboriginal habitations and groups of Aboriginal people at Tootgarook , Carrum Carrum , on the banks of the Yarra and at Geelong . King decided to place a convict settlement at Port Phillip, mainly to stake a claim to southern Australia ahead of the French. On 10 October 1803 a convoy of two ships HMS  Calcutta and Ocean led by Captain David Collins carrying 402 people (5 Government officials, 9 officers of marines, 2 drummers, and 39 privates, 5 soldiers' wives and

5166-478: The much smaller western portion (known as the Corio Bay ) north of the Bellarine Peninsula . Geographically, the bay covers 1,930 km (750 sq mi) and the shore stretches roughly 264 km (164 mi), with the volume of water around 25 km (6.0 cu mi). Most of the bay is navigable, although it is extremely shallow for its size — the deepest portion is only 24 m (79 ft) and half

5248-501: The natural and heritage features. Port Phillip's marine water quality is monitored by the Environment Protection Authority of Victoria and was fluctuating between Good to Very Good across the bay in 2021-2022. In 1906, George Gordon McCrae wrote two letters to a local schoolmaster at Dromana , Mr G.H. Rogers. His subject was his earliest recollections of an idyllic boyhood spent at Arthur's Seat Run, location of

5330-471: The new housing zones in southern Truganina. Many distribution centres are setting up in the Truganina area due to the easy access to rail, roads and air freight services. Currently Woolworths Limited has a large liquor distribution centre that services BWS , Dan Murphy's and Woolworths Liquor . Linfox also have a small logistics centre in the same complex, and to the north of the area K&S Freighters. In 2010 Kmart Australia started construction on

5412-477: The pronunciation of the language around Oyster Bay, the region where Truganini was born, her name would have been pronounced as "Troo-ga-ni-ni" [ˈtrugaˌnini] with short vowels, rather than with an initial unrounded open-mid vowel in the initial position [trʌ]; or with the diphthong of "nai-nai" [nɑɪnɑɪ] in the third syllable. That would make the approximated Palawa pronunciation of "Truganina" as [ˈtrugaˌninə]. Taking that into account, "Troo-ga-nee-na" [ˈtrugəˌni:nə]

5494-482: The public, the living art sculpture named A Forest for Australia by Agnes Denes , an internationally renowned conceptual artist and a pioneer of environmental art , whose art works are often monumental in scale. In 1998, she planted 6000 endangered trees of varying heights ( red gum , she oak and paperbark ) into five intersecting spirals at the Altona Treatment Plant. The tallest trees were planted in

5576-478: The railway line at two locations in Truganina; Dohertys and Boundary Road's. This enables commuters to keep using the road whilst the railway line functions underneath, effectively a grade separation. The main public transport is the bus network , with most of the main routes runs via Forsyth and Sayers Roads. The bus runs through the Clearwater Rise residential estate and also Marquands Road. Off-road cycling

5658-553: The region later known as Victoria to be abandoned on 27 January 1804. When Collins left Port Phillip, the Calcutta proceeded to Sydney , and the Ocean to Risdon Cove in Tasmania , where they arrived on 15 February 1804. Prior to abandonment, a group of convicts including William Buckley , escaped from the settlement. Buckley took up residence in a cave near Point Lonsdale on the western side of

5740-428: The sea floor about 6000 years ago, based on radiocarbon dating of their stratified shell beds. Distinct areas of native, exotic and saltmarsh vegetation combine with subtle undulations of the remnant dune system, resulting in landscapes of varying characters and exuding a secluded and timeless quality. The reserve is home to three bird species of state significance, the white-bellied sea eagle , Nankeen night heron and

5822-583: The site is being decontaminated. Decontamination of the site has recently been effected. This 175-hectare wetland, comprising grasses, salt marsh and sedges, is fed mainly by water from Laverton Creek , which originates in Truganina . Truganina Swamp provides habitats for two endangered species – the Altona skipper butterfly , which feeds on chaffy saw sedge , and the orange-bellied parrot , which feeds on beaded glasswort and scrubland species of glasswort. The wetland

5904-522: The southern section of the bay, and parts of the South Channel require occasional maintenance dredging. The region has an oceanic climate ( Köppen Cfb ) with warm summers possessing occasional very hot days due to northerly winds and mild winters. Annual rainfall, which is evenly distributed over the year, shows considerable variation due to the Otway Ranges to the southwest: the northwestern shore of

5986-533: The swamp and links to the Hobsons Bay Coastal Trail across Queen Street. Ongoing projects for the Swamp include monitoring of the bird species, Altona skipper butterfly and chaffy saw sedge in the area, re-vegetation, seed collecting and propagation. Kooringal Golf Club is an 18-hole, 6.1 km long, par 71 course. It was inaugurated in 1946 as the Williamstown Golf Club. In 1958, its name

6068-468: The uneven contours of the seabed. The best time for small craft to enter the Rip is at slack water . Large ships require expert local guidance to enter and exit, provided by the Port Phillip maritime pilots . Work has begun to deepen the channel entrance, to allow newer, larger container ships to access Melbourne's docks. The eastern side of the bay is characterised by sandy beaches extending from St Kilda , Sandringham , Beaumaris , Carrum , and down

6150-560: The water quality is helping the marine life flourish as well as divide the supervising of the Bay between the government, community and industries. The southern section of the Bay near the Heads is covered by extensive sand banks, known as the "Great Sand". A shipping channel was dredged in an east–west direction from the Heads to near Arthur's Seat late in the nineteenth century, and maintained ever since. Early shipping used piers at Sandridge (Port Melbourne), but later moved to various wharves along

6232-417: The western side of the bay has grown more rapidly. In the 21st century, property along the Port Phillip coastline continues to be highly sought after. Port Phillip continues to be extensively used for recreational pursuits such as swimming, cycling, boating, and fishing. The bay also features a number of historical walks and fauna reserves. The traditional land owners of the area have also been acknowledged at

6314-547: The year after a large bushfire in January 1939 hastened the disappearance of much of the original surviving wildlife from the area. The names of the species reflect the titles given to them by the original European settlers of the bay. The animals he observed as a young boy were "immense droves of kangaroos , brush kangaroos or wallaby , paddy-melon , bandicoots (two varieties), great opossum (two varieties), ring tail, flying squirrel , flying mouse , dingoes or wild dogs in

6396-467: Was changed to Kooringal, an aboriginal word meaning "by the water", when Altona became a separate municipality. The site is the last remnant of a formerly extensive series of sand ridges that run parallel to the coast between the mouth of Kororoit Creek and Skeleton Creek . The ridges consist of well-stratified shell beds, and their composition and form suggests that they were not thrown up by storm waves but were formed as sea floor ridges and spits during

6478-453: Was found. ... if we may judge from the number of their fires and other marks this part of the country is not thin of inhabitants. Their spears are of various kinds and all of them more dangerous than any I have yet seen." The crew in response shot at the Aboriginal people, and continued to shoot at them as they fled, inflicting likely mortal wounds on two of the Aboriginal people. Watching from

6560-421: Was hoisted over the tiny settlement and a little salvo of musketry celebrated the royal occasion. On 25 November the first white child was born in Victoria and was baptised on Christmas Day , receiving the name of William James Hobart Thorne. The first marriage took place on 28 November, when a free woman, Hannah Harvey was wedded to convict Richard Garrett. Small exploratory groups from this settlement surveyed

6642-518: Was the first known European to pass through Bass Strait from west to east in HMS  Lady Nelson . He was also the first to see, and crudely chart, the south coast from Cape Banks in South Australia to Wilsons Promontory in Victoria. Grant gave the name "Governor King's Bay" to the body of water between Cape Otway and Wilsons Promontory, but did not venture in and discover Port Phillip. The first Europeans to find and enter Port Phillip, were

6724-479: Was used for the handling, storage and shipping of explosives from 1901 to 1962. Explosives were manufactured at a Deer Park location and shipped out via the Magazine Pier adjacent to the reserve. These explosives were used in quarrying, mining and other industries throughout Australia. In 2000, after an extensive community campaign to save the site from sale, the site was reserved for conservation and conversion to

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