Philosophers
82-602: Konstantin Valeryevich Malofeev (Russian: Константин Валерьевич Малофеев , born 3 July 1974) is a Russian businessman and the chairman of the non-governmental and pro- monarchist organisation called the Society for the Development of Russian Historical Education "Double-Headed Eagle". He is the chairman of the media group Tsargrad , dedicated to Russian Orthodox Christianity and supporting Russian president Vladimir Putin . He
164-480: A referendum , 64.3% of the population voted to increase the power of the prince. The position of King of Norway has existed continuously since the unification of Norway in 872. Following the dissolution of union with Sweden and the abdication of King Oscar II of Sweden as King of Norway, the 1905 Norwegian monarchy referendum saw 78.94% of Norway's voters approving the government's proposition to invite Prince Carl of Denmark to become their new king. Following
246-439: A tribunal is warranted if suitability is problematic. British political scientist Vernon Bogdanor justifies monarchy on the grounds that it provides for a nonpartisan head of state , separate from the head of government , and thus ensures that the highest representative of the country, at home and internationally, does not represent a particular political party , but all people. Bogdanor also notes that monarchies can play
328-564: A criminal case against Malofeev; he was accused of financing "illegal military groups" in Eastern Ukraine who at the time fought against the Ukrainian army . On 12 February 2015, Russian law enforcement searched apartments of Malofeev and his business partner Dmitry Skuratov related to the VTB case. Since 2014, Malofeev and his companies are designated to the lists of individuals sanctioned during
410-566: A critical role in the nation's political agenda and in various military coups. Similarly, in Morocco , King Mohammed VI wields significant, but not absolute power. Liechtenstein is a democratic principality whose citizens have voluntarily given more power to their monarch in recent years. There remain a handful of countries in which the monarchy is an absolute monarchy . The majority of these countries are oil-producing Arab Islamic monarchies like Saudi Arabia , Bahrain , Qatar , Oman , and
492-557: A document, which the newspaper alleged was a strategy for fomenting unrest in, and annexing Crimea, as well as other areas in South-Eastern Ukraine. The newspaper's editor-in-chief has publicly stated that the unnamed sources which leaked the alleged strategy, have informed the paper that Malofeev and his team had authored the document in February 2014. Also in 2014 hacker group Shaltay Boltay published leaked emails of George Gavrish,
574-524: A gradual process. In 1215, a group of nobles forced King John to sign Magna Carta , which guaranteed the English barons certain liberties and established that the king's powers were not absolute. King Charles I was executed in 1649, and the Commonwealth of England was established as a republic. Highly unpopular, the republic was ended in 1660, and the monarchy was restored under King Charles II . In 1687–88,
656-517: A helpful unifying role in a multinational state , noting that "In Belgium, it is sometimes said that the king is the only Belgian, everyone else being either Fleming or Walloon " and that the British sovereign can belong to all of the United Kingdom's constituent countries (England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland), without belonging to any particular one of them. Thomas Hobbes wrote that
738-647: A law degree from Moscow State University . His father Valery Mikhailovich is an astrophysicist and head of the laboratory for the Department of Plasma Astrophysics at the Pushchino Radio Astronomy Observatory . His mother Raisa Zinurovna is a programmer and general director of the St. Basil the Great Charitable Foundation of which Malofeev is the chairman. Malofeev began his career in 1996 in
820-519: A marked increase in immigration which saw the arrival of both Jews and Protestants who were attracted by Brazil's reputation for religious tolerance. The final decades of the Empire under the reign of Pedro II saw a remarkable period of relative peace both at home and internationally, coupled with dramatic economic expansion, the extension of basic civil rights to most people and the gradual restriction of slavery , culminating in its final abolition in 1888. It
902-826: A nationalist closely cooperating with Alexander Dugin , suggesting a wide range of financial support flowing from Malofeev's conservative funds to radical nationalist political movements in Europe. In May 2014, Malofeev organized a meeting in Vienna with FPÖ , Ataka and Front National . A majority of that funding is funneled through the Saint Basil the Great Charitable Fund operated by Malofeev. While all of Malofeev's initiatives in Ukraine were, formally, privately organized and funded, intercepted phone calls between him and his lieutenants on
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#1733085453603984-709: A number of projects, providing funding, both personally and through Marshall Capital. In January 2007, Malofeev co-founded St. Basil the Great Grammar School, providing traditional Russian schooling. In July 2007, he established the Russian Society of Philanthropists for the Protection of Mothers and Children. One of the society's initial programmes, The Heart of the Child, funds treatment for children with congenital heart defects in specialist Russian clinics. In June 2010,
1066-406: A subsidiary of VTB Bank began a legal case against Marshall Capital and Malofeev concerning a loan by "Russagroprom" Ltd. of US$ 225 million for the purchase of six dairy plants and three associated companies from "Nutritek". VTB Capital questioned the accuracy of the valuation of the dairy plants and the relationship between Marshall Capital and Malofeev, with both Russagroprom and Nutritek, asking
1148-513: Is a co-founder of the international investment fund Marshall Capital Partners, member of the board of trustees of the non-profit partnership Safe Internet League and chairman of the Saint Basil the Great Charitable Foundation [ ru ] . Malofeev was born on 3 July 1974 in the town of Pushchino in the Moscow Oblast where he attended school and art college. In 1996, he graduated with
1230-557: Is a co-owner. Additionally, Malofeev has ties to the American religious right . He hired former Fox News employee Jack Hanick to help launch Tsargrad TV . With French businessman and eurosceptic politician Philippe de Villiers , Malofeev plans to build two Russian history related theme parks; one in Moscow and one in Yalta . He is the founder of the largest Russian private foundation, St. Basil
1312-531: Is also recognized as the head of the Shinto religion, which holds the emperor to be the direct descendant of the sun goddess Amaterasu . According to tradition, the office of emperor was created in the 7th century BC, but modern scholars believe that the first emperors did not appear until the 5th or 6th centuries AD . During the Kamakura period from 1185 to 1333, the shōguns were the de facto rulers of Japan, with
1394-470: Is also remembered for its thriving culture and arts. However, Pedro II had little interest in preserving the monarchy and passively accepted its overthrow by a military coup d'état in 1889 resulting in the establishment of a dictatorship known as the First Brazilian Republic . The majority of current monarchies are constitutional monarchies . In a constitutional monarchy the power of the monarch
1476-646: Is also the president of and a supervisory board member of Tsargrad's affiliated think tank Katehon ( Russian : Катехон ). In 2016, a non-profit foundation in Moscow was established for the Eurasian Dialogue ( Russian : «Евразийский диалог» ) with support from Konstantin Malofeev's Analytical Center Katehon ( Russian : «Аналитический центр «Катехон» ) and Andrey Klimov 's Interdisciplinary Institute for Regional Studies (MIRI) ( Russian : «Межотраслевой институт региональных исследований» («МИРИ») ) which Klimov's wife Olga
1558-408: Is an individual who supports this form of government independently of any specific monarch, whereas one who supports a particular monarch is a royalist . Conversely, the opposition to monarchical rule is referred to as republicanism . Depending on the country, a royalist may advocate for the rule of the person who sits on the throne, a regent , a pretender , or someone who would otherwise occupy
1640-431: Is restricted by either a written or unwritten constitution, this should not be confused with a ceremonial monarchy , in which the monarch holds only symbolic power and plays very little to no part in government or politics. In some constitutional monarchies the monarch does play a more active role in political affairs than in others. In Thailand , for instance, King Bhumibol Adulyadej , who reigned from 1946 to 2016, played
1722-602: The Bourbon monarchy under Isabella II's more popular son, Alfonso XII . After the 1931 Spanish local elections , King Alfonso XIII voluntarily left Spain and republicans proclaimed a Second Spanish Republic . After the assassination of opposition leader José Calvo Sotelo in 1936, right-wing forces banded together to overthrow the Republic. During the Spanish Civil War of 1936 to 1939, General Francisco Franco established
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#17330854536031804-644: The Central African Republic was overthrown at the hands of Jean-Bédel Bokassa during the Saint-Sylvestre coup d'état . He established the Central African Empire in 1976 and ruled as Emperor Bokassa I until 1979, when he was subsequently deposed during Operation Caban and Central Africa returned to republican rule. In 1974, one of the world's oldest monarchies was abolished in Ethiopia with
1886-778: The Glorious Revolution and the overthrow of King James II established the principles of constitutional monarchy , which would later be worked out by Locke and other thinkers. However, absolute monarchy , justified by Hobbes in Leviathan (1651), remained a prominent principle elsewhere. Following the Glorious Revolution, William III and Mary II were established as constitutional monarchs, with less power than their predecessor James II. Since then, royal power has become more ceremonial, with powers such as refusal to assent last exercised in 1708 by Queen Anne . Once part of
1968-684: The Legality Movement Party (founded in 1924) advocate restoration of the House of Zogu as monarchs—the concept has gained little electoral support. Following the collapse of Austria-Hungary, the Republic of German-Austria was proclaimed. The Constitutional Assembly of German Austria passed the Habsburg Law , which permanently exiled the Habsburg family from Austria. Despite this, significant support for
2050-529: The Prussian scheme which would have made Prince Henry of Prussia king of the United States. Hamilton proposed that the leader of America should be an elected monarch, while Gorham pushed for a hereditary monarchy. U.S. military officer Lewis Nicola also desired for America to be a monarchy, suggesting George Washington accept the crown of America, which he declined. All attempts ultimately failed, and America
2132-525: The United Arab Emirates . Other strong monarchies include Brunei and Eswatini . Absolute monarchy stands as an opposition to anarchism and, additionally since the Age of Enlightenment ; liberalism , capitalism , communism and socialism . Otto von Habsburg advocated a form of constitutional monarchy based on the primacy of the supreme judicial function, with hereditary succession , mediation by
2214-483: The 18th century American Revolution and the French Revolution which were both additional steps in the weakening of power of European monarchies. Each in its different way exemplified the concept of popular sovereignty upheld by Jean-Jacques Rousseau . 1848 ushered in a wave of revolutions against the continental European monarchies. World War I and its aftermath saw the end of three major European monarchies:
2296-581: The 2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine maintained by the European Union, United States, and Canada In September 2019, the Bulgarian government banned him from entering the country for ten years over an alleged spying conspiracy aimed at turning the country away from its pro-Western orientation and further toward Moscow. In April 2022, the United States Department of Justice indicted Malofeyev on
2378-1284: The Administrative-Territorial Structure of Omsk Oblast and on the Procedures of Its Change , as amended by the Law ;#1591-OZ of December 10, 2013 On Amending Various Laws of Omsk Oblast Due to the Adoption of the Federal Law "On Education in the Russian Federation" . Effective as of the day three months after the official publication date.). ^ Законодательное Собрание Омской области. Закон №548-ОЗ от 30 июля 2004 г. «О границах и статусе муниципальных образований Омской области», в ред. Закона №1642-ОЗ от 27 июня 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Омской области "О границах и статусе муниципальных образований Омской области"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Омский вестник", №45, №47, №49, 13, 20, 27 августа 2004 г. (Legislative Assembly of Omsk Oblast. Law #548-OZ of July 30, 2004 On
2460-996: The Administrative-Territorial Structure of Oryol Oblast , as amended by the Law #1187-OZ of April 1, 2011 On Amending the Legislative Acts of Oryol Oblast . Effective as of the moment of the official publication.). ^ Орловский областной Совет народных депутатов. Закон №418-ОЗ от 12 августа 2004 г. «О статусе, границах и административных центрах муниципальных образований на территории Знаменского района Орловской области», в ред. Закона №1687-ОЗ от 10 ноября 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Орловской области "О статусе, границах и административных центрах муниципальных образований на территории Знаменского района Орловской области"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Орловская правда", №147, 18 августа 2004 г. (Oryol Oblast Council of People's Deputies. Law #418-OZ of August 12, 2004 On
2542-1015: The Administrative-Territorial Structure of Tambov Oblast , as amended by the Law #544-Z of June 11, 2015 On Amending Article 7 of the Law of Tambov Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Tambov Oblast" . ). ^ Тамбовская областная Дума. Закон №231-З от 17 сентября 2004 г. «О наделении муниципальных образований Тамбовской области статусом сельского, городского поселения, городского округа, муниципального района», в ред. Закона №439-З от 29 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменения в статью 1 Закона Тамбовской области "О наделении муниципальных образований Тамбовской области статусом сельского, городского поселения, городского округа, муниципального района"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Тамбовская жизнь", №185(23125), 18 сентября 2004 г. (Tambov Oblast Duma. Law #231-Z of September 17, 2004 On Granting to
Konstantin Malofeev - Misplaced Pages Continue
2624-933: The Borders and Status of the Municipal Formations of Omsk Oblast , as amended by the Law #1642-OZ of June 27, 2014 On Amending the Law of Omsk Oblast "On the Borders and Status of the Municipal Formations of Omsk Oblast" . Effective as of the day of the official publication.). ^ Орловский областной Совет народных депутатов. Закон №522-ОЗ от 6 июля 2005 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Орловской области», в ред. Закона №1187-ОЗ от 1 апреля 2011 г «О внесении изменений в законодательные акты Орловской области». Вступил в силу с момента официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Орловская правда", №116, 13 июля 2005 г. (Oryol Oblast Council of People's Deputies. Law #522-OZ of July 6, 2005 On
2706-652: The Council of Deputies of Znamenskoye Rural Settlement of Ugransky District in Smolensk Oblast , winning a majority of the vote (74.85%). His election took place despite the Vyazem regional court in Smolensk having annulled Malofeev's candidacy and removed him from the ballot on charges of electoral corruption. The court concluded that Malofeev had offered to pay 500 roubles for each vote committed to him. In 2007, VTB Capital plc,
2788-665: The Court to place a world freezing order on Malofeev's assets. In turn, VTB Capital's own due diligence procedures prior to the acquisition were brought under scrutiny. In a Judgment at the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom on 6 February 2013 Marshall Capital and Malofeev were fully acquitted of all allegations made by VTB Capital. VTB Capital was also criticised by the judge for its due diligence practices and its "apparent failures" and "inappropriate ... protracted wrongful continuation" of its world freezing order. In July 2014, Ukraine opened
2870-581: The Great Charitable Foundation and a member of the board of trustees of the non-profit partnership " Safe Internet League " (a Russian non-governmental organization created to censor so-called "dangerous Internet content"), and the Chairman of the supervisory board of College St. Basil the Great, founded by him in 2007. On 17 October 2012, Malofeev announced his candidacy and on 18 November was elected to
2952-498: The Great Charitable Foundation and member of the board of trustees of the "Safe Internet League" non-profit partnership which created the original draft of Internet censorship law in Russia. In May 2014, he hosted an assembly of European conservatives and anti-gay supporters in Vienna. Monarchism Works List of forms of government Monarchism is the advocacy of the system of monarchy or monarchical rule. A monarchist
3034-638: The Habsburg family persisted in Austria. Following the Anschluss of 1938, the Nazi government suppressed monarchist activities. By the time Nazi rule ended in Austria, support for monarchism had largely evaporated. In Hungary, the rise of the Hungarian Soviet Republic in 1919 provoked an increase in support for monarchism; however, efforts by Hungarian monarchists failed to bring back a royal head of state, and
3116-627: The Hungarian throne. France was ruled by monarchs from the establishment of the Kingdom of West Francia in 843 until the end of the Second French Empire in 1870, with several interruptions. Classical French historiography usually regards Clovis I , king of the Franks ( r. 507–511 ), as the first king of France. However, historians today consider that such a kingdom did not begin until
3198-608: The Kremlin-owned Russian Institute for Strategic Studies (RIIS), chaired by former KGB/SVR General Leonid Reshetnikov . In addition, a recent email hack suggests that at least one employee of Malofeev's participated in non-public sessions of the Russian government. Malofeev was married to Irina Mikhailovna Vilter, a lawyer at Monastyrsky, Zyuba, Stepanov & Partners. They have three children: Kirill (born 1995), Natalia (born 1999), and Tatiana (born 2011). In 2024, he
3280-449: The Municipal Formations of Tambov Oblast the Status of Rural, Urban Settlement, Urban Okrug, Municipal District , as amended by the Law #439-Z of July 29, 2014 On Amending Article 1 of the Law of Tambov Oblast "On Granting to the Municipal Formations of Tambov Oblast the Status of Rural, Urban Settlement, Urban Okrug, Municipal District" . Effective as of the day of
3362-727: The Russian Romanov dynasty, the German Hohenzollern dynasty, including all other German monarchies, and the Austro-Hungarian Habsburg dynasty. With the arrival of communism in Eastern Europe by the end of 1947, the remaining Eastern European monarchies, namely the Kingdom of Romania , the Kingdom of Hungary , the Kingdom of Albania , the Kingdom of Bulgaria , and the Kingdom of Yugoslavia , were all abolished and replaced by socialist republics . In 1966,
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3444-530: The Society was renamed the Charitable Foundation of St Basil the Great. Its focus is to improve children's health, develop education and training, as well as constructing, restoring and financially supporting the development and growth of the Russian Orthodox Church . The Foundation is involved in over 30 programmes across Russia. Since 2011, Malofeev has been chairman of the board of Saint Basil
3526-463: The Status, Borders, and Administrative Centers of the Municipal Formations on the Territory of Znamensky District of Oryol Oblast , as amended by the Law #1687-OZ of November 10, 2014 On Amending the Law of Oryol Oblast "On the Status, Borders, and Administrative Centers of the Municipal Formations on the Territory of Znamensky District of Oryol Oblast" . Effective as of the day of
3608-544: The United Kingdom (1801–1922), southern Ireland rejected monarchy and became the Republic of Ireland in 1949. Support for a ceremonial monarchy remains high in Britain: Queen Elizabeth II ( r. 1952–2022 ), possessed wide support from the U.K.'s population. The Vatican City State is considered to be Europe's last absolute monarchy. The microstate is headed by the Pope , who doubles as its monarch according to
3690-483: The Vatican constitution. The nation was formed under Pope Pius XI in 1929, following the signing of the Lateran Treaty . It was the successor state to the Papal States , which collapsed under Pope Pius IX in 1870. Pope Francis (in office from 2013) serves as the nation's absolute monarch. Canada possesses one of the world's oldest continuous monarchies, having been established in the 16th century. Queen Elizabeth II had served as its sovereign since her ascension to
3772-410: The authority of the British crown. The Thirteen American Colonies possessed a total of 10 monarchs, ending with George III . During the American Revolutionary War , the colonies declared independence from Britain in 1776. Despite erroneous popular belief, the Revolutionary war was in fact fought over independence, not anti-monarchism as is commonly believed. In fact, many American colonists who fought in
3854-463: The basis for the Spanish State (1939–1975). In 1938, the autocratic government of Franco claimed to have reconstituted the Spanish monarchy in absentia (and in this case ultimately yielded to a restoration, in the person of King Juan Carlos ). In 1975, Juan Carlos I became King of Spain and began the Spanish transition to democracy . He abdicated in 2014, and was succeeded by his son Felipe VI . In England, royalty ceded power to other groups in
3936-446: The charge of evading IEEPA sanctions. The European Union, the United States and Ukraine have accused Malofeev of trying to destabilize and financing separatism in Ukraine. According to EU Regulation No 826/2014 from 30 July 2014, Malofeev is closely linked to Russian separatists in Eastern Ukraine and Crimea . He was the former employer of Alexander Borodai , the Prime Minister of the self-proclaimed Donetsk People's Republic. Malofeev
4018-414: The conservative party who supported the idea of being part of an empire, and the liberals who wanted Central America to be a separate nation under a republican system. The greatest example of this separation was in the two most important cities of the province, on the one hand Comayagua , which firmly supported the legitimacy of Iturbide I as emperor and remained a pro-monarchist bastion in Honduras, and on
4100-403: The dominant Han ethnic group or its spiritual Huaxia predecessors, dynasties throughout Chinese history were also founded by non-Han peoples. In India, monarchies recorded history of thousands of years before the country was declared a republic in 1950. King George VI had previously been the last Emperor of India until August 1947, when the British Raj dissolved. Karan Singh served as
4182-412: The emperor and the imperial court acting as figureheads . In 1867, shogun Tokugawa Yoshinobu stepped down, restoring Emperor Meiji to power. The Meiji Constitution was adopted In 1889, after which the emperor became an active ruler with considerable political power that was shared with the Imperial Diet . After World War II , the 1947 Constitution of Japan was enacted, defining the emperor as
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#17330854536034264-483: The establishment of West Francia , during the dissolution of the Carolingian Empire in the 800s. In 1920s Germany, a number of monarchists gathered around the German National People's Party (founded in 1918), which demanded the return of the Hohenzollern monarchy and an end to the Weimar Republic ; the party retained a large base of support until the rise of Nazism in the 1930s, as Adolf Hitler staunchly opposed monarchism. The aftermath of World War II saw
4346-448: The fall of Emperor Haile Selassie . For most of its history, China was organized into various dynastic states under the rule of hereditary monarchs . Beginning with the establishment of dynastic rule by Yu the Great c. 2070 BC , and ending with the abdication of the Xuantong Emperor in AD 1912, Chinese historiography came to organize itself around the succession of monarchical dynasties. Besides those established by
4428-1309: The 💕 For other uses, see Znamensky District (disambiguation) . [REDACTED] Location of Omsk Oblast in Russia [REDACTED] Location of Oryol Oblast in Russia [REDACTED] Location of Tambov Oblast in Russia Znamensky District is the name of several administrative and municipal districts in Russia . Znamensky District, Omsk Oblast , an administrative and municipal district of Omsk Oblast Znamensky District, Oryol Oblast , an administrative and municipal district of Oryol Oblast Znamensky District, Tambov Oblast , an administrative and municipal district of Tambov Oblast References [ edit ] ^ Законодательное Собрание Омской области. Закон №467-ОЗ от 15 октября 2003 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Омской области и о порядке его изменения», в ред. Закона №1591-ОЗ от 10 декабря 2013 г. «О внесении изменений в отдельные Законы Омской области в связи с принятием Федерального Закона "Об образовании в Российской Федерации"». Вступил в силу через три месяца со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Омский вестник", №69, 31 октября 2003 г. (Legislative Assembly of Omsk Oblast. Law #467-OZ of October 15, 2003 On
4510-425: The ground in Ukraine, as well as hacked email correspondence, showed that he closely coordinated his actions with the Kremlin, at times via the powerful Orthodox priest Bishop Tikhon whom Malofeev and Putin (in their own words) share as spiritual adviser; at other times via direct coordination between Malofeev and Putin's advisers Vladislav Surkov and Sergey Glazyev , but also via Malofeev's close collaboration with
4592-578: The investment bank Renaissance Capital and after it held various senior positions with Interros, MDM Bank and other investment banks and groups. From 2002 to 2004, he was the Head of Corporate Finance at MDM Bank, a leading Russian investment bank where he successfully built-up the bank's mergers and acquisitions practice. Founded in 2005 by Malofeev, Marshall Capital is a Russian investment group focusing on equity and direct investments in telecommunications, media and technology, as well as real estate and agriculture. Late in 2014, Marshall Capital passed under
4674-401: The last prince regent of Jammu and Kashmir until November 1952. The emperor of Japan or Tennō ( 天皇 , pronounced [tennoꜜː] ) , literally " ruler from heaven " or " heavenly sovereign ", is the hereditary monarch and head of state of Japan . The Imperial Household Law governs the line of imperial succession . The emperor is personally immune from prosecution and
4756-486: The management of the fund CFG Capital (France), a private European investor focused on investment projects in Russia and the CIS. The partnership agreement created a joint business CFG Marshall with the overall size of the planned investments of more than €2 billion. Malofeev is the chairman of the board of directors of Tsargrad ( Imperial City ), a platform used by such people as conspiracy theorist Alex Jones and far-right political analyst Aleksandr Dugin . Malofeev
4838-448: The modern era, having substantially diminished since World War I and World War II . This process can be traced back to the 18th century, when Voltaire and others encouraged " enlightened absolutism ", which was embraced by the Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II and by Catherine II of Russia . In the 17th and 18th centuries the Enlightenment began. This resulted in new anti-monarchist ideas which resulted in several revolutions such as
4920-486: The monarchists did not intend to establish an indigenous monarchy. Costa Rican monarchists were loyal to Emperor Agustín de Iturbide of the First Mexican Empire . After the independence of the general captaincy of Guatemala from the Spanish empire , she joined the First Mexican Empire for a brief period, this unleashed the division of the Honduran elites. These were divided between the annexationists, made up mostly of illustrious Spanish-descendant families and members of
5002-484: The monarchists settled for a regent , Admiral Miklós Horthy , to represent the monarchy until the throne could be re-occupied. Horthy ruled as regent from 1920 to 1944. During his regency, attempts were made by Karl von Habsburg ( r. 1916–1918 ) to return to the Hungarian throne, which ultimately failed. Following Karl's death in 1922, his claim to the Kingdom of Hungary was inherited by Otto von Habsburg (1912–2011), although no further attempts were made to take
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#17330854536035084-635: The official publication.). [REDACTED] Index of articles associated with the same name This set index article includes a list of related items that share the same name (or similar names). If an internal link incorrectly led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Znamensky_District,_Russia&oldid=965002665 " Category : Set index articles on Russian districts Hidden categories: Articles containing Russian-language text Articles with short description Short description
5166-501: The official publication.). ^ Тамбовская областная Дума. Закон №72-З от 21 июня 1996 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Тамбовской области», в ред. Закона №544-З от 11 июня 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в статью 7 Закона Тамбовской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Тамбовской области"». Опубликован: "Тамбовская жизнь", №131, 1996 г. (Tambov Oblast Duma. Law #72-Z of June 21, 1996 On
5248-528: The other hand Tegucigalpa who supported the idea of forming a federation of Central American states under a republican system. After obtaining independence from Spain, the First Mexican Empire was established under Emperor Agustín I . His reign lasted less than one year, and he was forcefully deposed. In 1864, the Second Mexican Empire was formed under Emperor Maximilian I . Maximilian's government enjoyed French aid, but opposition from America, and collapsed after three years. Much like Agustín I, Maximilian I
5330-505: The previous year. Additionally, when polls were conducted, it was found that 84% of the Norwegian public supported the monarchy, with only 16% unsure or against the monarchy. Monarchy in the Russian Empire collapsed in March 1917, following the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II . Parts of the White movement , and in particular émigrés and their Supreme Monarchical Council [ ru ] (founded in 1921 and now based in Canada) continued to advocate for monarchy as "the sole path to
5412-420: The private interest of the monarchy is the same with the public. The riches, power, and humour of a monarch arise only from the riches, strength, and reputation of his subjects. An elected Head of State is incentivised to increase his own wealth for leaving office after a few years whereas a monarch has no reason to corrupt because he would be cheating himself. Znamensky District, Russia From Misplaced Pages,
5494-403: The rebirth of Russia". In the modern era, a minority of Russians, including Vladimir Zhirinovsky (1946–2022), have openly advocated for a restoration of the Russian monarchy . Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna is widely considered the valid heir to the throne, in the event that a restoration occurs. Other pretenders and their supporters dispute her claim. In 1868, Queen Isabella II of Spain
5576-427: The return of monarchist/republican rivalry in Italy , where a referendum was held on whether the state should remain a monarchy or become a republic. The republican side won the vote by a narrow margin, and the modern Republic of Italy was created. There have been 16 monarchs of the Principality of Liechtenstein since 1608. The current Prince of Liechtenstein, Hans-Adam II , has reigned since 1989. In 2003, during
5658-416: The said ethnic group was reorganized under a single chief known as Ta Uplika, for the reign of his grandson King Oldman I this group had a very close relationship With the English, they managed to turn the Mosquitia coast into an English protectorate that would decline in the 19th century until it completely disappeared in 1894 with the abdication of Robert II . Currently, the Miskitos who are shot between
5740-438: The separatists' occupation of Slovyansk led by Girkin, the Ukrainian security services SBU intercepted a phone call, in which a person with the same first and patronymic names as Malofeev's, and a voice similar to his own, provides tactical military intelligence to Girkin and praises him for a recent ambush attack on Ukrainian anti-terrorism troops. In February 2015, the Russian investigative newspaper Novaya Gazeta published
5822-469: The symbol of the Japanese state and the unity of the Japanese people. The emperor has exercised a purely ceremonial role ever since. The last separate monarchy to take root in Europe, Albania began its recognised modern existence as a principality (1914) and became a kingdom after a republican interlude in 1925–1928. Since 1945 the country has operated as an independent republic. The Albanian Democratic Monarchist Movement Party (founded in 2004) and
5904-506: The throne but has been deposed. Monarchical rule is among the oldest political institutions. The similar form of societal hierarchy known as chiefdom or tribal kingship is prehistoric. Chiefdoms provided the concept of state formation, which started with civilizations such as Mesopotamia , Ancient Egypt and the Indus Valley civilization . In some parts of the world, chiefdoms became monarchies. Monarchs have generally ceded power in
5986-485: The throne in 1952 until her death in 2022. Her son, King Charles III , now sits on the throne. The struggle between monarchists and republicans led to the Costa Rican civil war of 1823. Costa Rican monarchists include Joaquín de Oreamuno y Muñoz de la Trinidad, José Santos Lombardo y Alvarado and José Rafael Gallegos Alvarado. Costa Rica stands out for being one of the few countries with foreign monarchism, that is, where
6068-541: The two countries have denounced the neglect of their communities and abuses committed by the authorities. As a result of this, in Nicaragua several Miskito people began a movement of separatism from present-day Nicaragua and a re-institution of the monarchy. English settlers first established the colony of Jamestown in 1607, taking its name after King James VI and I . For 169 years, the Thirteen Colonies were ruled by
6150-547: The vote, the prince then accepted the offer, becoming King Haakon VII . In 2022, the Norwegian parliament held a vote on abolishing the monarchy and replacing it with a republic. The proposal failed, with a 134–35 result in favor of retaining the monarchy. The idea was highly controversial in Norway, as the vote was spearheaded by the sitting Minister of Culture and Equality , who had sworn an oath of loyalty to King Harald V of Norway
6232-636: The war against George III were monarchists themselves, who opposed George, but desired to possess a different king. Additionally, the American colonists received the financial support of Louis XVI and Charles III of Spain during the war. After the U.S. declared its independence, the form of government by which it would operate still remained unsettled. At least two of America's Founding Fathers , Alexander Hamilton and Nathaniel Gorham , believed that America should be an independent monarchy. Various proposals to create an American monarchy were considered, including
6314-428: Was also former employer of Igor Girkin , a former FSB colonel who provided security services to Malofeev's visits to Kyiv and Crimea in the weeks before the annexation of the latter by Russia. Igor Girkin later reappeared as the leader of the separatist insurgency in the town of Slovyansk, and subsequently as the self-proclaimed Minister of Defense of the self-proclaimed Donetsk People's Republic . In May 2014, during
6396-506: Was deposed and later executed by his republican enemies. Since 1867, Mexico has not possessed a monarchy. Today, some Mexican monarchist organizations advocate for Maximilian von Götzen-Iturbide or Carlos Felipe de Habsburgo to be instated as the Emperor of Mexico. The miskito ethnic group inhabits part of the Atlantic coast of Honduras and Nicaragua , by the beginning of the 17th century
6478-543: Was deposed during the Spanish Glorious Revolution . The Duke of Aosta , an Italian prince, was invited to rule and replace Isabella. He did so for a three-year period, reigning as Amadeo I before abdicating in 1873, resulting in the establishment of the First Spanish Republic . The republic lasted less than two years, and was overthrown during a coup by General Arsenio Martínez Campos . Campos restored
6560-499: Was founded a Republic. During the American Civil War , a return to monarchy was considered as a way to solve the crisis, though it never came to fruition. Since then, the idea has possessed low support, but has been advocated by some public figures such as Ralph Adams Cram , Solange Hertz , Leland B. Yeager , Michael Auslin , Charles A. Coulombe , and Curtis Yarvin . From gaining its independence in 1822 until 1889, Brazil
6642-566: Was governed as a constitutional monarchy with a branch of the Portuguese Royal Family serving as monarchs. Prior to this period, Brazil had been a royal colony which had also served briefly as the seat of government for the Portuguese Empire following the occupation of that country by Napoleon Bonaparte in 1808. The history of the Empire of Brazil was marked by brief periods of political instability, several wars that Brazil won, and
6724-602: Was reported to be in a romantic relationship with Maria Lvova-Belova , the Presidential Commissioner for Children's Rights in Russia, whom the International Criminal Court issued an arrest warrant for over her role in the deportation of Ukrainian children to Russia . The two reportedly married at a ceremony in the elite village of Deauville in Moscow Oblast in September 2024. Malofeev is involved in
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