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55-432: The Kominato Line ( 小湊鉄道線 , Kominato Tetsudō sen ) is a railway line in Chiba Prefecture , Japan, operated by the private railway operator Kominato Railway ( 小湊鐵道 , Kominato tetsudō ) . It extends from the west coast of central Bōsō Peninsula (where it connects with the Uchibō Line at Goi ) to Kazusa-Nakano in the town of Ōtaki (where it connects to the Isumi Line ). All of its stations with

110-501: A specialty product of Chiba: 78 per cent of the country's peanuts are produced in the prefecture. Chiba Prefecture leads the nation in the production of several vegetables, including carrots ; cabbage ; daikon radish ; negi , the ubiquitous Japanese cultivar of the Welsh onion ; loquat ; nashi , the Japanese cultivar of the pear , which has a two hundred-year history of cultivation in

165-597: A total capacity of 144 passengers. It is hauled by diesel locomotive number DB4, a replica of a German Orenstein & Koppel -built steam locomotive formerly operated on the line from 1924 until the 1940s, powered by a Volvo diesel engine. Plans for a railroad bisecting the Bōsō Peninsula were drafted by the Railway Ministry in the Meiji period , with the aim of connecting the town of Kominato (now part of Kamogawa City ),

220-511: A town facing the Pacific and famous as the birthplace of Nichiren , for economic and military reasons. However, due to lack of profitability of other lines in the area, the idea was shelved. The project was revived in 1917 by noted entrepreneur Yasuda Zenjirō , who used the financial resources of the Yasuda zaibatsu to fund over half of the construction costs, and who imported two steam locomotives from

275-481: Is 19.6 °C (67.3 °F), and the average low is 12.3 °C (54.1 °F). The Chiba Prefectural Board of Education oversees municipal school districts in the prefecture. The board also directly operates the prefecture's public high schools. Chiba Prefecture is home to one national-level museum and several prefectural and local museums. The National Museum of Japanese History is located in Sakura and focuses on

330-575: Is amongst the country's tenth largest at more than 10,000 members (including the Narita airport police). As in every prefecture, the police are supervised by the public safety commission; its five members are appointed by the governor with approval by the assembly. Chiba Prefecture has a sister city relationship with: 35°36′18″N 140°07′24″E  /  35.60500°N 140.12333°E  / 35.60500; 140.12333 Good Design Award (Japan) The Good Design Award ( Japanese : グッドデザイン賞 )

385-434: Is divided into 54 contiguous municipalities (see list above): 37 cities, 16 towns and one village, as in all of postwar Japan each with a directly elected mayor and assembly. The most populous and Chiba's only designated major city is the capital Chiba City . Two cities, Funabashi and Kashiwa, are core cities . After late 20th century mergers, much of the rest of the prefecture is also organized in independent cities : Of

440-579: Is located on Japan's eastern Pacific coast to the east of Tokyo, and is part of the Greater Tokyo Area , the most populous metropolitan area in the world. Chiba Prefecture largely consists of the Bōsō Peninsula , which encloses the eastern side of Tokyo Bay and separates it from Kanagawa Prefecture . Chiba Prefecture is home to Narita International Airport , the Tokyo Disney Resort , and

495-549: The Baldwin Locomotive Works in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to run on the new line. The Kominato Railway was founded on 31 May 1917, opening the initial section of the line from Goi to Satomi on 7 May 1925. The line was extended to Tsukizaki on 1 September 1926, and reached its present eastern terminus at Kazusa-Nakano on 16 May 1928. Diesel railcars were introduced on the line from this date. At Kazusa-Nakano,

550-744: The Chiba Prefectural Otone Museum in Katori focuses on the culture of the Tone River basin. The reconstructed Japanese castles of Sekiyado and Ōtaki host regional historical museums. The Chiba Museum of Science and Industry is located in Ichikawa on the site of a former factory, and the Coastal Branch of Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba in Katsuura focuses on the marine environment of

605-500: The Greater Tokyo Metropolitan Area expanded greatly and became a source of income to the northeast and central areas of the prefecture. The expansion of agriculture in the central and southern regions of the prefecture was in contrast to the depopulation of these areas as a significant part of the population moved to the northeast of the prefecture as a result of the urbanization of Japan, a process that continues into

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660-633: The House of Councillors . After the most recent Diet elections of 2010, 2012 and 2013, the prefecture is represented by eleven Liberal Democrats and two Democrats in the House of Representatives, and three Liberal Democrats, two Democrats, and one Your Party member in the House of Councillors. Current Diet members from Chiba include former prime minister Yoshihiko Noda (H.R., DPJ – 4th district) and former ministers Kuniko Inoguchi (H.C., LDP – class of 2010) and Motoo Hayashi (H.R., LDP – 10th district). As of 2014, Chiba

715-537: The Inba Tega , Kasamori Tsurumai , Kujūkuri , Mineokasankei , Ōtone , Takagoyama , Tomisan , and Yōrō Keikoku Okukiyosumi Prefectural Natural Parks. Cities, towns, and villages in the prefecture also have designated and protected parklands. These parks are maintained for environmental protection as well as providing local recreational facilities. Since 2010, Chiba consists of 54 municipalities and since 2013, they are 37 cities , 16 towns and one village . With

770-571: The Japanese Empire from attack. In September 1923, the Great Kanto earthquake has cause of widespread destruction in Chiba Prefecture, most notably in the southernmost part of Boso Peninsula , where 1,300 residents were killed, out of 142,000 deaths. Areas of prefecture adjacent to Tokyo saw much damage, and mob violence against Koreans and other ethnic minorities occurred in the chaos after

825-665: The Keisei Electric Railway 's Skyliner . The Tokyo Disney Resort is located in Urayasu near the western border of the prefecture. The Kamogawa Sea World is located in Kamogawa . There are also a number of tourist sites on the Chiba peninsula, such as Nokogiriyama ; Kujūkuri Beach ; and Onjuku beach . Since 2009, the prefectural governor is Eiji Suzuki, better known under his stage name as Kensaku Morita , former actor, member of

880-624: The Keiyō Industrial Zone . Chiba Prefecture was settled in prehistoric times, as evidenced by the Jōmon period remains in every part of the region. The prefecture holds the largest kaizuka sea shell mounds in Japan, evidence of a large population in the prefecture that relied on the rich marine products of the Pacific Ocean and Tokyo Bay. Kofun burial mounds are found across the prefecture, with

935-519: The Keiyō Industrial Zone . The name of Chiba Prefecture in Japanese is formed from two kanji characters. The first, 千 , means "thousand" and the second, 葉 means "leaf". The name first appears as an ancient kuni no miyatsuko , or regional command office, as the Chiba Kuni no Miyatsuko ( 千葉国造 ) . The name was adopted by a branch of the Taira clan , which moved to the area in present-day Chiba City in

990-575: The Nara (710–794) and Heian (794–1185) periods. Shōen feudal estates were established across the three provinces, and the region became an important source of tax revenue, sending agricultural and other products to the capital in Kyoto. As the Heian period progressed, however, the kokushi provincial governors came to exert military power independent of the central government in Kyoto. The Chiba clan broke entirely with

1045-515: The petroleum , chemical , and steel and machine industries . Together, these industries account for forty-five percent of the prefecture's exports. In recent years, the government has funded more than eighty industrial parks to bring development further inland as well. The prefecture also boasts Japan's overall second-highest agricultural output. Among all the prefectures, only Hokkaidō produces more agricultural products, and Chiba leads Hokkaidō in vegetable production. Peanuts are considered

1100-467: The (today purely geographical) counties , only six remain, four of which have only one or two remaining towns or villages . After the reorganization of county and municipal governments in all prefectures in 1889/1890, there had initially been 12 counties and no city in Chiba; Chiba town in Chiba county became the first municipality in Chiba to be elevated to city status in 1921. While by far not as large as that of neighbouring Tokyo, Chiba's police force

1155-558: The 21st century. On March 11, 2011, the epicenter of 9.0 magnitude earthquake and tsunami and subsequent Fukushima nuclear disaster that devastated much of the northeastern coast of Honshu, which caused some damage and affected areas in Chiba Prefecture. While the loss of life and damage to housing and industry was far less than in Tōhoku region , 20 people were killed in Chiba Prefecture, including 13 people were recorded deaths in Asahi . Following

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1210-479: The City of Chiba offices. The archive maintains a collection of rare books and materials from across the prefecture, as well as materials related to the administration of Chiba Prefecture. Each municipality in the prefecture maintains a local libraries, and many shrines and temples maintain archival collections related to their institutions. The traditional diet of Chiba Prefecture is not fundamentally different from that of

1265-615: The Fukushima radiation). As a result of triple disaster and with permanent damage to housing stock, the population of Chiba Prefecture fell for the first time since Spanish flu pandemic in 1918 and Great Kanto earthquake in 1923. Chiba Prefecture borders Ibaraki Prefecture to the north at the Tone River, Tokyo and Saitama Prefecture to the west at the Edo River, the Pacific Ocean to

1320-467: The House of Representatives ( LDP /Independent – Tokyo 4th district) and member of the House of Councillors (Independent – Tokyo). He was reelected overwhelmingly to a second term as governor in the March 2013 election against only a Communist challenger and a minor, unaffiliated independent. The assembly of Chiba Prefecture has a regular membership of 95, elected in 45 electoral districts, currently still in

1375-722: The Japanese athletics calendar: the International Chiba Ekiden and the Chiba International Cross Country . The following sports teams are based in Chiba. Most Tokyo -bound visitors arriving on international flights land in Narita International Airport , which is situated in Narita in the north of the prefecture, and connected to Tokyo by the East Japan Railway 's Narita Express and

1430-431: The Pacific Ocean coast. Numerous other municipalities in the prefecture also host museums. The Chiba Prefectural Library consists of three libraries. The Chiba Prefectural Central Library is located in the central Chuō-ku ward of Chiba City directly southwest of Chiba Castle and in close proximity to the City of Chiba offices. The Central Library houses a general collection as well as the central research collection for

1485-420: The area as "takenoko sashimi". Futomaki or futomakizushi , literally "fat roll", is a large version of the sushi roll. The futomaki popularly made in Chiba Prefecture is up to 10 centimeters in diameter. Futomaki in Chiba Prefecture often utilize various ingredients to form a pattern, such as a flower or a kanji character, when the roll is cut and served. The prefecture plays host to two major events in

1540-487: The areas. Peanuts, grown in great quantities in the prefecture, appear fresh in markets in the prefecture and are eaten boiled as a snack. Miso paste mixed with peanuts is also produced in Chiba. Takenoko , whole bamboo shoot , are harvested in the central part of the Boso Peninsula. The takenoko of Ōtaki lack the concentration of arsenic typically found in uncooked bamboo shoots, and as such, are uniquely eaten raw in

1595-564: The coastal areas of the prefecture. After the United States took control of Saipan , the northern part of the prefecture (most notably the cities of Chiba and Chōshi) was firebombed . Much of the industrialized north of the prefecture was destroyed. Operation Coronet , one of two parts of Operation Downfall , was the planned land invasion of Tokyo in March 1946 by the United States. Coronet planned Kujūkuri Beach as one of two initial landing bases,

1650-442: The current 54 municipalities by 2010. Chiba Prefecture is home to one of Japan's largest industrial areas. Prior to World War II manufacturing in the prefecture was centered on the brewing industry , specifically the production of soy sauce , sake and mirin sweet cooking sake. The manufacturing sector expanded greatly after the war. The prefecture was chosen as the site for a major Kawasaki Steel factory in 1950. In

1705-453: The earthquake in Funabashi, Ichikawa , and other areas. Koreans, in several neighborhoods of Yachiyo, were killed, and a tower was erected in 1972 near Yachiyodai Station to memorialize those killed in the incident. In the 1930s, the north and central areas of the prefecture became a center of large-scale military production, and military bases and fortifications were constructed in most of

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1760-602: The east and Tokyo Bay around its southern boundary. Most of Chiba lies on the hilly Boso Peninsula , a rice farming region: the east coast, known as the Kujūkuri Plain , is an especially productive area. The most populous zone, in the northwest of the prefecture, is part of the Kantō region that extends into the urban agglomeration of Tokyo and Saitama. The Kuroshio Current flows near Chiba, which keeps it relatively warm in winter and cooler in summer than neighbouring Tokyo. With

1815-955: The exception of the Kazusa-Nakano terminus are within the city of Ichihara . Diesel cars manufactured between 1961 and 1977 run through the scenic hilly areas of Bōsō Peninsula, and the line has many antique station buildings. As of 1 April 2016, the railway owns and operates a fleet of 14 KiHa 200 series diesel cars, built by Nippon Sharyo between 1961 and 1977, and numbered 201 to 214. All except cars 209 and 210 are air-conditioned. From 2020 though 2021, KiHa 40 series (KiHa 40 1006/2018/2019/2021/2026) had been withdrew from JR East Tadami Line , Tsugaru Line , Gono Line and Oga Line , and they had been transferred to Kominato Railway. The vehicles, which were adopted in 2020, KiHa 40-2021 and KiHa 40-2026 were named KiHa 40-1 and KiHa 40-2 respectively, replaced part of series KiHa 200, have been operated as regular trains since they were operated at

1870-466: The exception of the large-scale Keiyō Industrial Zone in the northeast, the entirety of the coast of Chiba Prefecture is protected as two quasi-national parks and one prefectural natural park under the national park system of Japan. As of 1 April 2012, 6% of the total land area of the prefecture was designated as Natural Parks . Chiba Prefecture has designated and maintains eight prefectural natural parks to protect both natural and cultural areas, namely

1925-490: The first run as Express "SATOYAMA" in 23 April 2020. The vehicles, which were adopted in 2021, KiHa 40-2018, KiHa 40-2019 and KiHa 40-1006 were named KiHa 40-3, KiHa 40-4 and KiHa 40-5 respectively. From 15 November 2015, a Satoyama Torokko ( 里山トロッコ ) open-sided tourist train hauled by a replica steam locomotive powered by a diesel engine entered service on the line, operating generally at weekends only. The train consists of four coaches, two of which have open sides, with

1980-576: The history, archaeology, and folk culture of Japan. The Chiba prefectural museums consist of a main museum, the Natural History Museum and Institute, Chiba in the central Chuō-ku ward of Chiba City, and six branch museums throughout the prefecture. The Chiba Prefectural Museum of Art is in Chiba City. The Chiba Prefectural Boso-no-mura in Sakae focuses on the local culture of the late Edo period, and

2035-519: The imperial court and was instrumental in the establishment of the Kamakura shogunate . Chiba Prefecture was established on June 15, 1873, with the merger of Kisarazu Prefecture and Inba Prefecture . The militarization of Chiba Prefecture dates to the Russo-Japanese War (1904–1905). Coastal fortifications were built along Tokyo Bay , as far south as Tateyama, to protect the capital of

2090-439: The introduction of modern municipalities (cities/towns/villages) in 1889, Chiba's districts were subdivided into 43 towns and 315 villages. The first city was created in 1921 when Chiba Town from Chiba District became district-independent as Chiba City. The postwar/1950s Great Shōwa mergers reduced the number of municipalities in Chiba to 101 by 1960, including 14 cities by then. The early 3rd millennium Great Heisei mergers created

2145-574: The largest group being in Futtsu along Tokyo Bay. In the Asuka period (538–710), under the Taika Reform of 645, the administrative structure of present-day Chiba Prefecture changed significantly. The historical province of Fusa Province , which may have covered much of Chiba and Ibaraki prefectures, was divided into two provinces: Shimōsa Province (also called Shimofusa) in the north and Kazusa Province in

2200-628: The late Heian period . The branch of the Taira adopted the name and became the Chiba clan , and held strong influence over the area of the prefecture until the Azuchi–Momoyama period . The name "Chiba" was chosen for the prefecture at the time its creation in 1873 by the Assembly of Prefectural Governors ( 地方官会議 , Chihō Kankai Kaigi ) , an early Meiji-period body of prefectural governors that met to decide

2255-631: The line connected with the Japanese Government Railways Kihara Line , which provided a route to the eastern shore of the Bōsō Peninsula and so plans to extend the line further to Kominato Town were subsequently abandoned. In 1942, the line was forced to merge with the Keisei Electric Railway , and remained a subsidiary of that company after the end of World War II. On 21 March 1962, the remaining steam locomotives were retired (and are currently on display at Goi Station). Freight operations were phased out by 1 October 1969. A new ATS

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2310-413: The north of the prefecture, and the significant increase of agriculture after land reforms across the prefecture. The Keiyō Industrial Zone brought together smaller, industrial areas along the entirety of the western coast of Chiba Prefecture, and the industrial zone became (and remains) an important center of heavy industrial production and large-scale port facilities in Japan. Cities to the northeast of

2365-459: The other being Hiratsuka via Sagami Bay . The U.S. First Army would enter at Kujūkuri, sweep across the Boso Peninsula, and meet the U.S. Eighth Army at Tokyo. The plan was not carried out since Japan surrendered after the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki . During the Occupation of Japan (1945–1952) Chiba Prefecture was controlled by American forces from the second floor of

2420-497: The population is employed in the service sector, with 25% in industry and 5% in agriculture. Chiba Prefecture has a humid subtropical climate ( Koppen Cfa ) with hot, humid summers and mild, cool winters. The tsuyu rainy season occurs for approximately 50 days from June to July. According to the Japanese Meteorological Agency , the average of annual temperature is 15.7 °C (60.3 °F). The average high

2475-452: The prefectural capitol building in the city of Chiba. Numerous other cities in the prefecture, including Chōshi to the north and Tateyama to the south, were used as bases of the occupation; rich agricultural areas across the prefecture somewhat safeguarded the region's population from potential food shortages, and starvation, immediately following the war. The immediate post-war period was characterized by carefully planned industrial expansion in

2530-425: The prefecture (in close proximity to Tokyo) were connected by rail to the capitol, and became and remain bedroom communities to Tokyo. Narita International Airport began operation in 1978 in Narita , after much protest to replace the overcrowded Tokyo International Airport (Haneda Airport). The majority of international air traffic enters Japan via Chiba Prefecture. The cultivation of rice and vegetables to feed

2585-617: The prefecture. The Chiba Prefectural West Library is located in Matsudo next to the Matsudo Museum , and houses a research collection focused on natural history and the fine arts. The Chiba Prefectural East Library is located in Asahi, and houses a research collection focused on the literature and history of the prefecture. The Chiba Prefectural Archives are located across the Miyako River from

2640-402: The prefecture; tomatoes ; and spinach It is the nation's second largest producer of corn . Rice is also grown, and seaweed , specifically nori , is harvested in large quantities from Tokyo Bay. Chiba's population is one of the wealthiest in Japan due to the prefecture's strong commercial and industrial sectors. Per capita GDP is ¥3.1 million, the fifth-highest in the country. 70% of

2695-706: The rest of Japan. Chiba Prefecture produces prolific quantities of rice across all areas in the prefecture, vegetables in the northern area of the prefecture, and fish, seafood, and shellfish along the coastal areas of the prefecture. Chōshi has been a major center of worldwide soy sauce production since the Edo period , and the prefecture remains the top producer in Japan. Kikkoman is headquartered in Noda in northwestern Chiba Prefecture. These are all important components of Japanese cuisine . Certain local products, however, are grown in abundance and have resulted in several dishes unique to

2750-464: The same period the prefectural government embarked on a large-scale land reclamation program to dredge large plots of waterfront property. The large-scale construction of factories , warehouses , and docks on this reclaimed land around the Tokyo Bay area ultimately formed the Keiyō Industrial Zone . Chiba Prefecture is now 6th in Japan in industrial output with the bulk of the industry focused on

2805-466: The southern area. Awa Province at the south of Chiba Prefecture, was separated from Kazusa Prefecture in 718. These administrative units existed until they were abolished and merged into Chiba Prefecture after the Meiji Restoration . The central government established a kokubunji provincial temple in each province. The imperial court gradually extended its authority over the three provinces in

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2860-609: The structure of local and regional administration in Japan. The compound word Keiyō ( 京葉 ) , which refers to the Tokyo-Chiba region, is formed from the second character in Tokyo ( 京 ), and the second character in Chiba ( 葉 ), which can also be pronounced "kei" and "yō" respectively. This compound is used in terms such as the Keiyō Line , Keiyō Road , Keiyō Rinkai Railway Rinkai Main Line , and

2915-659: The triple disaster, an oil refinery fire broke out at the Cosmo Oil Chiba Refinery, in Ichihara , and was widely covered in the news media. Also, a large liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) tanks burned at 10 days earlier. Soil liquefaction , in areas of reclaimed land across the northern and western areas of Chiba Prefecture, caused damage to housing. Chiba City , Funabashi , Narashino , and especially Urayasu were greatly affected by triple disaster (such as soil liquefaction, and evidence of radioactive materials caused by

2970-528: The unified local election cycle of 1947 (last round 2011 ). As of July 2014, it is composed as follows: LDP 52 members, DPJ 13, Kōmeitō 7, JCP 4, Shimin Net/ SDP /Independents 4, Your Party 3, four other caucuses with 5 members in total. In the National Diet , Chiba is represented by 13 members from single-member districts in the House of Representatives , and six members (three at-large per election) in

3025-530: Was installed in early 1995. On 12 April 2006, heavy rains washed away a portion of the tracks between Kazusa-Nakano and Yōrōkeikoku , leading to a two-month disruption in services. In 2017, the line received a Good Design Award from the Japan Institute of Design Promotion . Chiba Prefecture Chiba is the capital and largest city of Chiba Prefecture, with other major cities including Funabashi , Matsudo , Ichikawa and Kashiwa . Chiba Prefecture

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