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44-490: In 1583, at the Battle of Shizugatake , Hideyoshi supported Nobukatsu , the second son of Oda Nobunaga , and defeated Shibata Katsuie , who supported Nobunaga's third son, Nobutaka . After winning the battle, Hideyoshi invited Nobukatsu and other generals to his residence at Osaka Castle , which he had just completed that same year. The meaning of such an invitation was for all the men to pay homage to Hideyoshi, which would reverse

88-479: A power vacuum and a succession crisis within the Oda clan . Nobunaga's second and third eldest sons, Oda Nobukatsu and Oda Nobutaka , respectively, began to quarrel over who would succeed him. Nobunaga's retainer and general Hashiba Hideyoshi (later known as Toyotomi Hideyoshi) summoned a council to Kiyosu Castle to settle the succession issue. However, the council declared that Nobutada's 3-year-old son Oda Hidenobu

132-645: A forced march through the night, covering nearly 50 miles in 6 hours, and linked up with the defenders of Tagami. Sakuma ordered his men to break the siege lines and prepare to defend themselves, but Hideyoshi's army pushed Sakuma's forces into a rout . After the armies of Fuwa Naomitsu and Kanamori Nagachika on the Shibata side began to retreat as well, Hideyoshi pursued Sakuma and his forces back to Katsuie's fortress at Kitanosho Castle in Echizen Province , located within present-day Fukui . Hideyoshi's men seized

176-455: A hostage to Hideyoshi, thus ending the conflict. The Nagakute Battlefield Historic Site ( 長久手古戦場 , Nagakute Kosenjō ato ) in the city of Nagakute was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1939. The designation includes Mount Mihata (御旗山), Mount Irogane (色金山), and the head mound (首塚) It is about a 3-minute walk from Nagakute Kosenjō Station on the Linimo maglev line. During

220-444: A large mounted force of 20,000 men, Katsuie ordered Sakuma Morimasa to withdraw his troops to Ōiwa. Sakuma did not heed Katsuie's orders, calculating the castle would fall before Hideyoshi's army, assumed to be at least three days away, could arrive to relieve them. However, in midst of this fighting, the army led by Maeda Toshiie on the Shibata side, deployed on Mt. Shige, abruptly left the front lines. Later, Hideyoshi led his men on

264-488: A number of simultaneous attacks on Shizugatake, a series of forts in northern Ōmi Province , located in present-day Nagahama , Shiga Prefecture . These forts, Iwasaki-yama, Tagami, and Shizugatake, were held by Hideyoshi's generals including Nakagawa Kiyohide and Takayama Ukon . Katsuie's nephew Sakuma Morimasa attacked these forts on his orders, taking Iwasaki-yama and killing Nakagawa, but Shizugatake's defenses held. On hearing that Hideyoshi had made camp at Ōgaki with

308-424: The Battle of Komaki and Nagakute in 1584. Hideyoshi's chief seven generals in the battle at Shizugatake earned a great degree of fame and honor, and came to be known as the shichi-hon yari or "Seven Spears of Shizugatake". Among these generals were men who would later become some of Hideyoshi's closest retainers, such as Katō Kiyomasa . The Seven Spears of Shizugatake were the following Samurai: According to

352-593: The Battle of Nagashino against the Takeda clan . In 1577, he took part in the Battle of Tedorigawa against the Uesugi clan . In 1580, he beat Araki Murashige at Siege of Hanakuma Castle, who locked himself in the castle and was given Murashige's domain at Settsu Province . In 1582, he led 4000 troops, acted as the spearhead in the right wing, and became the chief vassal of Oda family in Hashiba Hideyoshi 's force at

396-538: The Battle of Okehazama . In 1567, he participated in the Siege of Inabayama Castle against the Saitō clan in the first division of Oda Nobunaga's forces, along with Shibata Katsuie . In 1570, he was active in the Battle of Anegawa against the Azai - Asakura alliance and became the lord of Inuyama Castle . In 1571, Tsuneoki took part in the burning Siege of Mount Hiei to subdue

440-523: The Battle of Yamazaki after the Incident at Honnō-ji , helping defeat Akechi Mitsuhide . He was also in the conference at Kiyosu Castle to decide on Nobunaga's successor. In 1583, he assisted Hideyoshi at Battle of Shizugatake against Shibata Katsuie and was given 130,000 koku in Mino Province , and became the lord of Ōgaki Castle . In 1584, he fought in the Battle of Komaki and Nagakute on

484-666: The Edo period , the public records of the Tokugawa clan and the shogunate refer to these battles as Battle of Komaki (小牧陣 Komaki no Jin ). However, there are also documents that refer to it as the Battle of Iwasakiguchi (岩崎口の戦い Iwasakiguchi no Tatakai ). There are places where the fighting in Nagakute is called the Battle of Nagakute (長久手合戦 Nagakute Gassen ), but the two battles have generally been merged into one. Many other names have also been used to describe these battles, some of which separate

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528-643: The Incident at Honnō-ji with Nobunaga) began his attempt for the Kiyosu Castle. Despite fierce arquebus fire from Mori's men, Sakai Tadatsugu succeeded at flanking and attacking Mori's in the rear. Mori Nagayoshi fled, having suffered 300 casualties. Three days later, on the 16th day of the third month (26 April), forces called to support Inuyama Castle arrived in Haguro. Ieyasu, however, had already known of these plans and had Sakai Tadatsugu and Sakakibara Yasumasa move 5,000 troops to Haguro that same evening. Early

572-716: The Sengoku period of Japan between Toyotomi Hideyoshi (then Hashiba Hideyoshi) and Shibata Katsuie in Shizugatake , Ōmi Province over a period of two days beginning on the 20th day of the fourth month of Tenshō 11 (equivalent to 10-11 June 1583 on the Gregorian calendar). Katsuie supported Oda Nobutaka 's claim as successor of Oda Nobunaga in a succession dispute within the Oda clan that benefitted Hideyoshi. Katsuie and Sakuma Morimasa attacked fortifications loyal to Hideyoshi at Shizugatake, defeating Nakagawa Kiyohide , but

616-491: The "Hitotsuyanagi Kaki," Ishida Mitsunari was in charge of a mission to spy on Shibata Katsuie's army and also performed a great feat of Ichiban-yari, being the first to thrust a spear at an enemy soldier, as one of the warriors on the front line. Yoshitsugu was said to have taken part within the Toyotomi ranks. One account states that Otani Yoshitsugu was the one who used his wits to convince Shibata Katsutoyo to surrender prior to

660-449: The 10th day of the fourth month (19 May), he left Gakuden; he arrived back to Osaka castle on the 1st day of the fifth month (9 June). On the 16th day of the sixth month (23 July 1584), Takigawa Kazumasu attacked Ieyasu's Kanie Castle , but was driven back by Oda Nagamasu . As a result, Kazumasu had his responsibilities taken from him and removed from Ieyasu's group. On the 9th day of the ninth month (12 October), Sassa Narimasa , at

704-708: The 27th day (7 May), and in Gakuden (present-day Inuyama) on the 5th day of the fourth month (14 May 1584). Ieyasu, between entering Komaki Castle and arriving in Gakuden, stayed away from battle, except for a few smaller skirmishes here and there. Hideyoshi was lulled into complacency by this situation, aided by Tsuneoki, who said to him, "Ieyasu is now in Komakiyama. He is away from his main base in Okazaki and if we were to move our arms against him, we will certainly win." The ambitious Hideyoshi decided to set out for Mikawa, along with

748-416: The attack on Iwasaki Castle (modern-day Nisshin ) and was promptly shot off from his horse. Embarrassed by his fall, Tsuneoki forgot about the hit-and-run tactics and started a full assault on the castle. Though the defenders fought well, the castle fell. Niwa Ujitsugu, suffered numerous casualties including 300 killed, Ujitsugu's brother Niwa Ujishige being among the dead. At the time that Ikeda Tsuneoki

792-428: The battle. Ikeda Tsuneoki Ikeda Tsuneoki ( 池田 恒興 , 1536 – May 18, 1584) , also known as Ikeda Nobuteru (池田 信輝), was an Ikeda clan daimyō and military commander under Oda Nobunaga during the Sengoku period and Azuchi–Momoyama periods of 16th-century Japan. He was a retainer of the famous warlords Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi . In his early years, he served Nobunaga since his mother

836-533: The behest of Ieyasu, attacked Suemori Castle in Noto Province , forcing out its resident; later Maeda Toshiie arrived in the middle of the night, and defeated the Sassa forces. On November 12th, Nobukatsu made peace with Hideyoshi without Ieyasu's permission. Though Ieyasu had gained the advantage in both engagements, Hideyoshi and Ieyasu did make peace with each other in the early part of 1585. Oda Nagamasu become

880-482: The castle after three days, but not before Katsuie killed members of his household including his wife, Oda Nobunaga's sister Oichi , then setting the castle keep on fire and committing seppuku . Sakuma was captured by Hideyoshi's forces and beheaded. As a result of the battle, Oichi's young daughters with Azai Nagamasa (Katsuie's step-daughters) were allowed to leave Kitanosho Castle unscathed and became Hideyoshi's adoptive daughters. In June 1583, Oda Nobutaka

924-588: The enemy assault, until Ieyasu furiously sent Naomasa's lieutenant, Kimata Morikatsu, to settle gave order to their troops and restore order. In the end, Tokugawa forces charged forward, rather than swinging around, and avoided the flanking maneuver. Mori Nagayoshi was shot off his horse, which demoralized Ikeda's force. Ii Naomasa commanded around three thousand musketeers during this battle. The battle lasted over two hours, as Naomasa units repeatedly foiled attempted charges towards his position by Tsuneoki and Mori Nagayoshi troops with musket rifle barrages, until Nagayoshi

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968-548: The followers of the Ishiyama-Honganji; attacks against the Nagashima Ikkō-ikki. In 1573, he participated in the Siege of Makishima Castle against Ashikaga Yoshiaki . Yoshiaki surrendered, and sending Yoshihiro, his eldest son, as a hostage to Nobunaga. In 1574, he entered the mountain fortress of Ori Castle in eastern Mino to pin-down Akechi Castle after it was taken by Takeda Katsuyori . In 1575, he fought in

1012-418: The following day and chose to pitch camp for the evening. Early the next morning, he sent both Ōsuga Yasutaka and Sakakibara Yasumasa forces to chase after Toyotomi Hidetsugu 's forces, and followed shortly thereafter with his own. Hidetsugu resumed his march on the eight day after hearing of Ieyasu's entrance to Obata Castle, but on the next morning, the situation changed very rapidly. Ikeda Tsuneoki led

1056-420: The following morning, Tadatsugu's troops launched a surprise attack on Nagayoshi, whose troops barely escaped after the onslaught. On the 18th day (28 April), without fear of raids from enemies, Ieyasu took over Inuyama Castle and finished the defenses that had first been built up by Hideyoshi. Hideyoshi and his troops left his fortifications at Osaka Castle on the 21st day (1 May), arriving at Inuyama Castle on

1100-522: The loss at the Battle of Hakusanmori arrived in the afternoon, the 20,000 troops of Hideyoshi rushed to Ryūsen-ji , near the battle site. Later that evening, when he heard that Ieyasu was staying at Obata Castle , he decided to assault it the next morning; however, during that time, Ieyasu had left Obata Castle, went to Komakiyama Castle and finally returned to Kiyosu Castle. Hideyoshi heard the news of Tsuneoki dead and Ieyasu's departure shortly thereafter, and on

1144-605: The name "Battle of Komaki". The rest of the battles took place around Nagakute , giving rise to the modern-day names "Battle of Nagakute" for the conflict. During this conflict, Honda Tadakatsu entered negotiation with the Akai clan, a samurai clan from Tanba Province , which led by Ashida Tokinao, younger brother of Akai Naomasa , as Tokinao aspired for the revival of the Akai clan by contributing with Tokugawa clan. Tokinao then raised an army in Tanba to aid Ieyasu. On Tensho 12, 13th day of

1188-588: The noise of the battle alerted Hori Hidemasa , the head of one of Hideyoshi's divisions. Hori Hidemasa led his men to the defense of his comrades, taking up position in the village of Nagakute. He held off the initial Tokugawa attacks, but was forced to withdraw as the main body of the Tokugawa army arrived, numbering some 9,000 warriors. Mori Nagayoshi , another of Hideyoshi's commanders, waited until Ieyasu moved in to support Ii Naomasa , so that he could flank them. At first, Naomasa's troops broke and retreating under

1232-424: The other sieges by Toshiie and Kazumasu stalled. Katsuie ordered Sakuma to retreat but was ignored, and Hideyoshi launched a surprise counterattack that routed Sakuma and forced him to retreat. Hideyoshi pursued Sakuma and successfully besieged Kitanosho Castle which led to the suicide of Katsuie and Oichi . The Battle of Shizugatake allowed Hideyoshi to consolidate his position as Oda Nobunaga's successor, and

1276-450: The peacemakers between Tokugawa Ieyasu and Toyotomi Hideyoshi, also between Sassa Narimasa and Maeda Toshiie. In the words of George Sansom , "...both men were too sensible to waste strength on a foolish quarrel." It is said that Ieyasu was furious with Nobukatsu for independently making peace with Hideyoshi. In any case, as Ieyasu no longer had a justifiable reason to continue the battle, he sent his son, Ogimaru (later Yuki Hideyasu ), as

1320-417: The roles between Hideyoshi and Nobukatsu. Therefore, Nobukatsu broke his bonds to Hideyoshi and did not go to Osaka Castle. Hideyoshi offered reconciliation to three of Nobukatsu's chief retainers ( Tsugawa Yoshifuyu , Okada Shigetaka and Azai Nagatoki ), which led to rumors that they were all in support of Hideyoshi. This in turn led Nobukatsu to become suspicious of the three men, whom he ordered executed on

1364-407: The side of Hideyoshi. He captured Inuyama Castle on his first assault. In May 1584, during Battle of Komaki and Nagakute , Tsuneoki, his eldest son, Ikeda Motosuke, and his son-in-law, Mori Nagayoshi , were killed by Tokugawa Ieyasu 's forces in the Battle at Nagakute. His daughter, Ikeda Sen , and his son, Ikeda Terumasa , survived the battle. Ikeda Terumasa, his second son, succeeded him as

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1408-423: The sixth day of the third month of Tenshō 12 (or 17 March 1584 on the Gregorian calendar) These actions gave Hideyoshi the justification for attacking Nobukatsu and, as a result, Nobukatsu asked Tokugawa Ieyasu for auxiliary forces. The next day, when Ieyasu sent his forces out to battle, it became a battle between Hideyoshi and Ieyasu. The first of these battles was fought around Mount Komaki and gave rise to

1452-446: The support of Mori Nagayoshi (who had regained his reputation at the Battle of Haguro), Ikeda Tsuneoki (who was embarrassed by his daughter's marriage), Hori Hidemasa and the young Hidetsugu (17 years old at the time). Hidetsugu was able to amass 8,000 men, which were supported by Hori Hidemasa's 3,000 men, Mori Nagayoshi's 3,000 men and Tsuneoki's 6,000 men. On the following day, they all set out for Mikawa. The Battle of Iwasaki

1496-444: The third month (23 April 1584), Ieyasu arrived at Kiyosu Castle . On that same day, warriors of the Oda clan 's vassals who were led by Ikeda Tsuneoki switched to the side of Hideyoshi and took over Inuyama Castle , which had originally been built by Oda Nobunaga . Ieyasu was upset upon hearing this news and rushed to Inuyama Castle, arriving two days later. At the same time, Mori Nagayoshi (brother of Mori Ranmaru , who died at

1540-595: The two, while the others keep them together. During the Meiji Restoration , the various Japanese words for battles, campaigns, etc., were mostly unified, leading to it sometimes being called the Komaki and Nagakute Campaign (小牧・長久手の役 Komaki-Nagakute no Eki ). Through all of this, though, "Battle of Komaki and Nagakute" has come to be the accepted name. Battle of Shizugatake The Battle of Shizugatake ( 賤ヶ岳の戦い , Shizugatake no Tatakai ) took place during

1584-452: Was Nobunaga's foster mother . His childhood name is unknown and his common name was Katsuzaburō (勝三郎). His father was Ikeda Tsunetoshi, who served Oda Nobuhide . His mother, Yōtokuin (養徳院), was Oda Nobunaga 's wet nurse, and later became Nobuhide's concubine, bearing him a daughter. There are various theories as to his birthplace (including the Owari , Mino , Settsu and Ōmi provinces ). He

1628-644: Was able to get another horse and escape. It was at this battle that many members of the Kinoshita family (including Sukehisa , the father of Hideyoshi's wife, Nene ) died. Following the battle of Hakusanmori, the Tokugawa fortified Mount Komaki, creating a stalemate there. Thus, Ikeda Tsuneoki , one of Toyotomi Hideyoshi's chief commanders, decided to begin raids through neighboring Mikawa Province with an army numbering 20,000. Ieyasu expected this and led Tokugawa troops to challenge Hideyoshi's forces. Mizuno Tadashige led Tokugawa's rear-guard against Ikeda's force and

1672-424: Was attacking Iwasaki Castle, Hidetsugu, Hidemasa and Nagayoshi moved their forces to Hakusanmori (the modern-day cities of Owariasahi , Nagakute ) to rest their forces, but Tokugawa forces were closing in on them. Later, Hidetsugu forces were ambushed by Ōsuga Yasutaka and Sakakibara Yasumasa. Hidetsugu's forces were pretty much destroyed by Tokugawa's surprise attack. Hidetsugu himself was knocked from his horse, but

1716-566: Was fought between the forces of Ikeda Tsuneoki and the Iwasaki castle garrison led by Niwa Ujitsugu . Though it was just part of overall Battle of Komaki and Nagakute, it played an important role in the outcome. On the 7th day of the fourth month (16 May), Ieyasu learned of Hidetsugu's encampment at Shinogi (modern-day Kasugai ) through the information provided by farmers in Iga Province . Ieyasu entered into Obata Castle ( Moriyama-ku , Nagoya )

1760-461: Was one of the four karō at Kiyosu Castle . His official position was Kii-no- kami (紀伊守), or "Governor of Kii Province ". His courtesy name was Shōzaburō (勝三郎). He later became a priest and referred to himself as Shōnyū (勝入). In 1556, he defeated Oda Nobuyuki , who was guilty of treason against his brother Oda Nobunaga . In 1558, he took over Suemori Castle . In 1560, he led one of Nobunaga's main forces against Imagawa Yoshimoto at

1804-604: Was one of the last challenges to his rule along with the Battle of Komaki and Nagakute in 1584. George Sansom states the Battle of Shizugatake "must be regarded as one of the decisive battles in Japanese history." In June 1582, Oda Nobunaga , the most powerful daimyō in Japan, and his eldest son and heir Oda Nobutada were killed at the Honno-ji Incident after being betrayed by Akechi Mitsuhide . Their surprise deaths created

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1848-418: Was shot and killed in action, causing the entire Tokugawa forces gained the upper hand amid chaos. Tsuneoki also killed by Nagai Naokatsu 's spear and died in battle. The army of Nagayoshi and Tsuneoki were annihilated and it ended in victory for the Tokugawa force. Later, Ieyasu decided to withdraw, unwilling to risk further casualties as Hideyoshi's main army approached, and returned to Komaki. When news of

1892-482: Was soon pressured by both Hideyoshi and Nobukatsu into committing suicide, eliminating him from the competition. Nobutaka wrote a death poem cursing Hideyoshi and implying that he had been involved in his father Oda Nobunaga's death. Hideyoshi had now consolidated his position and most of his influence over the Oda clan, but would continue to face competition from Nobukatsu, who had allied himself with Tokugawa Ieyasu , until

1936-412: Was the rightful heir. Hideyoshi, having defeated Akechi Mitsuhide at the Battle of Yamazaki and with Nobunaga's heir being an infant, was in a very strong position to unofficially succeed Nobunaga himself. Shibata Katsuie , one of Nobunaga's trusted generals, challenged Hideyoshi by changing his initial support for Hidenobu to supporting Nobutaka's claim to the lordship. In May 1583, Katsuie coordinated

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