In automotive engineering , a mid-engine layout describes the placement of an automobile engine in front of the rear-wheel axles , but behind the front axle.
58-540: The Koenigsegg Agera is a mid-engine sports car produced by Swedish car manufacturer Koenigsegg . It is a successor to the CCX / CCXR . The name comes from the Swedish verb 'agera' which means "to act" or in imperative form "(You) act". It was named Hypercar of the Year in 2010 by Top Gear magazine. The Agera RS variant became the world's fastest production car in 2017, setting
116-438: A Speed Racer livery, and special Michelin tyres. It can accelerate from 0–100 km/h (0–62 mph) in 2.8 seconds and attain a theoretical top speed of 439 km/h (273 mph). The Agera R has a drag coefficient of C d =0.37, or C d =0.33 at high speed due to its adaptive rear wing, while producing 300 kg (660 lb) of downforce at 250 km/h (155 mph). This adaptive rear wing system
174-492: A front-engine or rear-engine car. When the engine is in front of the driver, but fully behind the front axle line, the layout is sometimes called a front mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive, or FMR layout instead of the less-specific term front-engine; and can be considered a subset of the latter. In-vehicle layout, FMR is substantially the same as FR, but handling differs as a result of the difference in weight distribution. Some vehicles could be classified as FR or FMR depending on
232-501: A large rear wing reminiscent of that found on the Agera XS, and a different set of front canards, along with a large front splitter and a Le Mans-style central fin for improved downforce, setting it apart from the rest of the Agera models. Väder features the same crushed diamond paintwork with a bare carbon fibre centre along with white accents, incorporating the same rear wing as Thor but excludes
290-482: A power output of 1,140 PS (1,124 hp; 838 kW) at 7,100 rpm and 1,200 N⋅m (885 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4,100 rpm on E85 biofuel. Koenigsegg's Flex Fuel Sensor technology allows the ECU to respond to varying fuel qualities and alcohol content by reducing power levels as a means of protecting the engine. On standard low-octane fuels, power is reduced to 960 PS (706 kW; 947 hp). Koenigsegg presented
348-475: A power output of 1,176 PS (865 kW; 1,160 hp) on regular pump gasoline. The optional 1-megawatt package increases the engine's power to 1,360 PS (1,000 kW; 1,341 hp). 27 units of the Agera RS were built. The model was initially going to be limited to 25 units, however two extra cars were built, one being the factory development car and one as a replacement for a customer car damaged while it
406-453: A problem in some cars, but this issue seems to have been largely solved in newer designs. For example, the Saleen S7 employs large engine-compartment vents on the sides and rear of the bodywork to help dissipate heat from its very high-output engine. Mid-engined cars are more dangerous than front-engined cars if the driver loses control - although this may be initially harder to provoke due to
464-439: A production car, including 0–300 km/h (0–186 mph) in 14.53 seconds, and 0–300–0 km/h in only 21.19 seconds. The braking performance required to maintain this record is enabled in part by the Agera's stability, demonstrated by Koenigsegg test driver and drivetrain technician Robert Serwanski, who was recorded by passenger Rob Ferretti (founder of the group "Super Speeders") braking from 300 km/h to 0 without holding
522-405: A progressive and controllable manner as the tires lose traction. Super, sport, and race cars frequently have a mid-engined layout, as these vehicles' handling characteristics are more important than other requirements, such as usable space. In dedicated sports cars, a weight distribution of about 50% front and rear is frequently pursued, to optimise the vehicle's driving dynamics – a target that
580-536: A record with a GPS-verified two-way average top speed of 447 km/h (278 mph) and a fastest straight-line speed of 458 km/h (285 mph). The Agera ceased production in July 2018 with the unveiling of the two final edition cars at the 2018 Goodwood Festival of Speed . It was succeeded by the Jesko in 2019. In early development, the car was fitted with a 4.7-litre V8 engine with fixed-vane twin-turbochargers , but
638-408: A revised format to reduce costs for exhibitors. The 2024 edition highlighted serious organizational shortcomings, which resulted in lower participation or the total absence of the manufacturers. As of January 26, 2024, automakers that are confirmed to present at the show in 2024 are: The following vehicles were first presented at the show: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic along with "uncertainties in
SECTION 10
#1733085272859696-424: A skid or spin out. If the mid-engine vehicle is also rear-drive the added weight on the rear tires can also improve acceleration on slippery surfaces, providing much of the benefit of all-wheel-drive without the added weight and expense of all-wheel-drive components. The mid-engine layout makes ABS brakes and traction control systems work better, by providing them more traction to control. The mid-engine layout may make
754-420: A speed of 457 km/h (284 mph) during its northbound run and 436 km/h (271 mph) during its southbound (return run). Official confirmation of the record by Guinness World Records still awaits. The car was driven by Koenigsegg test driver Niklas Lilja . The record run was made in opposite directions on an 18 km (11-mile) section of Nevada State Route 160 between Las Vegas and Pahrump in
812-401: A vehicle safer since an accident can occur if a vehicle cannot stay in its own lane around a curve or is unable to stop quickly enough. Mid-engine design is also a way to provide additional empty crush space in the front of the automobile between the bumper and the windshield, which can then be designed to absorb more of the impact force in a frontal collision in order to minimize penetration into
870-521: Is a 7-speed dual clutch paddle shift as used in other variants of the Agera. The name One:1 comes from the power-to-weight ratio (1,360 PS to 1360 kg) giving the car 1 PS per 1 kg mass. The 1,360 PS power output is the equivalent of one megawatt , which Koenigsegg claims make the One:1 the 'world's first megacar'. The car is track-focused as opposed to the previous cars made by Koenigsegg, leading to changes such as limited boot space. The Agera RS
928-400: Is a specially developed CIMA 7-speed dual-clutch with paddle shifters. It is the first dual-clutch transmission to feature only one input shaft. The second clutch slows down the input shaft during up shifts in order to reduce the time it takes to synchronise the next gear, resulting in faster shift times. Most notably, the transmission weighs only 81 kg (179 lb). The top speed for
986-510: Is electronically adjustable with auto setting or manual control in order to have as little compromise as possible between low drag and downforce , depending on driving conditions. The Agera comes with forged aluminum wheels with centre locking nuts, measuring 19-inch on the front and 20-inch on the rear and wrapped in a set of Michelin Super Sport tyres that can be used for speeds of up to 420 km/h (260 mph). Other notable features include
1044-433: Is lighter than conventional hydraulic/electrical adaptive systems, and has the unique ability to compensate for head/tailwind due to its spring-loaded design. Furthermore, the pylons holding the wing play not only a role in the Agera R's aerodynamic performance, but also assist in extracting hot air from the engine bay. On 2 September 2011, during test sessions in Ängelholm , the Agera R broke six world land speed records for
1102-408: Is typically only achievable by placing the engine somewhere between the front and rear axles. Usually, the term "mid-engine" has been primarily applied to cars having the engine located between the driver and the rear drive axles. This layout is referred to as rear mid-engine, rear-wheel drive , (or RMR) layout. The mechanical layout and packaging of an RMR car are substantially different from that of
1160-522: The Bugatti Chiron . The record was achieved on an old Danish airbase in Vandel, Denmark. The car was driven by Koenigsegg test driver Niklas Lilja . Koenigsegg mentioned that during the record run, the car accelerated from 0–400 km/h in 26.88 seconds over a distance of 1,958 metres and decelerated in 9.56 seconds over a distance of 483 metres. The total distance used for the record was 2,441 metres. During
1218-592: The 1950s and 1960s, e.g. the AEC Reliance . The Ferrari Mondial is to date the only successful example of a true mid-engined convertible with seating for 4 and sports car/supercar performance. A version of the Lotus Evora with a removable roof panel is anticipated but no definite date is known. Like any layout where the engine is not front-mounted and facing the wind, the traditional "engine-behind-the-passengers" layout makes engine cooling more difficult. This has been
SECTION 20
#17330852728591276-404: The 1999 Geneva show: The following concepts and major launches featured at the 1998 Geneva show: The following introductions were made at the 1997 Geneva show: The following introductions were made at the 1996 Geneva show: The following introductions were made at the 1995 Geneva show: The following introductions were made at the 1994 Geneva show: The following introductions were made at
1334-476: The 2005 Geneva show: The following introductions were made from 4 to 14 March 2004 at the Geneva show: The following introductions were made at the 2003 Geneva show: The following introductions were made at the 2002 Geneva show: The following major introductions were made at the 2001 Geneva show: The following introductions were made at the 2000 Geneva show: The following concepts and major launches featured at
1392-643: The 2014 Goodwood Festival of Speed , where they were displayed alongside other sports cars such as the McLaren P1 , LaFerrari , the Porsche 918 Spyder and the Pagani Huayra . The car is fitted with a variant of the same 5.0 L twin-turbocharged V8 engine used in the other Agera variants. It generates a maximum power output of 1,360 PS (1,000 kW; 1,341 hp) at 7,500 rpm and 1,371 N⋅m (1,011 lb⋅ft) of torque at 6,000 rpm. The transmission
1450-470: The 2022 cancellation of Swiss location. The 90th Geneva Motor Show was planned for 5 to 15 March 2020, but it was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Switzerland's decision to impose a limit on gatherings of over 1,000 people was cited as the reason for the cancellation. It was one of the first of many major automotive events to be cancelled due to COVID-19. The following vehicles were to be presented at
1508-478: The Agera S model in 2013. Built for markets lacking E85 biofuel, the Agera S has most of the upgrades of the Agera R compared to the normal Agera including the dynamic wing, but is optimised for running on low-octane petrol generating a maximum power output of 1,030 PS (758 kW; 1,016 hp) and 1,100 N⋅m (811 lbf⋅ft) of torque compared to the 960 PS (706 kW; 947 hp) and 1,100 N⋅m (811 lbf⋅ft) of torque of an Agera R running on
1566-528: The United States which was closed specifically for that purpose. The successor of the Agera called the Jesko was unveiled at the 2019 Geneva Motor Show. The potential replacement was shown to prospective buyers via VR in an event held in Australia by the company beforehand. Mid-engine design The mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive format can be considered the original layout of automobiles. A 1901 Autocar
1624-552: The biennal exhibitions in Qatar during the fourth quarter along with the annual exhibitions in the Switzerland during the first quarter. The 2021 and 2022 exhibitions were cancelled due to the continued COVID-19 pandemic measures. The Qatari location was to be held in November 2022, but it was postponed to 2023 for the same reason. The global chip shortage was also cited as a factor in
1682-404: The car was complemented with a large adjustable rear wing similar to the One:1 and triple front canards along with a large front splitter. The other two distinct final edition cars were unveiled online in July 2018 and were called 'Agera FE Thor' and 'Agera FE Väder' respectively. Thor features a custom two-tone black paintwork consisting of crushed diamonds and white accents. The exterior features
1740-515: The case of the Ferrari FF taking power from both ends of the crankshaft with two separate gearboxes. These cars use a traditional engine layout between driver and rear drive axle. Typically, they're simply called MR; for mid-rear (engined), or mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout cars. These cars use mid-ship, four-wheel-drive , with an engine between the axles. These cars are "mid-ship engined" vehicles, but they use front-wheel drive , with
1798-436: The central fin. Both cars made their public appearance at the 2018 Goodwood Festival of Speed . There have been many special editions of the Agera built on customer request. Such special editions include: [REDACTED] In 2023, RSN underwent a name change to RST as to fit its new owners name Tom, it was also equipped with subsequent badging updates. 1,371 N⋅m (1,011 lbf⋅ft) at 6,000 (1 MW upgrade, offered on
Koenigsegg Agera - Misplaced Pages Continue
1856-465: The engine in front of the driver. It is still treated as an FF layout, though, due to the engine's placement still being in the front of the car, contrary to the popular belief that the engine is placed in front of the rear axle with power transferred to the front wheels (an RMF layout). In most examples, the engine is longitudinally mounted rather than transversely as is common with FF cars. Geneva Motor Show The Geneva International Motor Show
1914-413: The engine placed between the driver and the front axle. This layout, similar to the above FMR layout, with the engine between driver and the front axle, adds front-wheel drive to become a four-wheel drive. An engineering challenge with this layout is getting the power to the front wheels past the engine - this would normally involve raising the engine to allow a propshaft to pass under the engine, or in
1972-409: The engine was replaced with an in-house developed 5.0-litre V8 engine and fitted with twin-turbochargers which generates a maximum power output of 706 kW (960 PS; 947 hp) at 6,900 rpm and 1,100 N⋅m (811 lbf⋅ft) of torque at 4,000 rpm. The total weight of the engine is only 197 kg (434 lb) due to a carbon fibre inlet manifold and aluminium construction. The transmission
2030-551: The factory-installed engine (I4 vs I6). Historically most classical FR cars such as the Ford Models T and A would qualify as an FMR engine car. Additionally, the distinction between FR and FMR is a fluid one, depending on the degree of engine protrusion in front of the front axle line, as manufacturers mount engines as far back in the chassis as possible. Not all manufacturers use the Front-Mid designation. These cars are RWD cars with
2088-439: The fore and aft weight distribution by other means, such as putting the engine in the front and the gearbox and battery in the rear of the vehicle. Another benefit comes when the heavy mass of the engine is located close to the back of the seats. It makes it easier for the suspension to absorb the force of bumps so the riders feel a smoother ride. But in sports cars, the engine position is once again used to increase performance and
2146-704: The global economy and geopolitics" in 2022 led the organisers to cancel the Swiss location for 2023 (fourth year in row) and to postpone the Qatari location until October 2023. Another contributing factor was less commitments from the manufacturers for the Swiss location. The dates for the Qatar Motor Show were confirmed to be from 5 to 14 October 2023. In 2021, the Geneva International Motor Show organisers entered into an agreement with Qatari government to hold
2204-399: The history of the automobile, along with benzene- and steam-powered cars from the beginning of the century. Exotic supercars often steal the spotlight during their debuts at the show. Prototypes, new equipment, technical breakthroughs, international partnerships , as well as political and social debates, have been announced at the exhibition. The show was regarded as a level playing field for
2262-401: The last 2 Agera R' and Agera S') 1,371 N⋅m (1,011 lbf⋅ft) at 6,000 (1 MW upgrade, offered on the last 2 Agera R' and Agera S') (62 mph) (124 mph) (186 mph) World records set on 8 June 2015 with a Koenigsegg One:1 On 1 October 2017, the Agera RS made the 0–400–0 km/h (0–249–0 mph) record in 36.44 seconds, 5.56 seconds faster than the record made by
2320-443: The passenger compartment of the vehicle. In most automobiles, and in sports cars especially, ideal car handling requires balanced traction between the front and rear wheels when cornering, in order to maximize the possible speed around curves without sliding out. This balance is harder to achieve when the heavy weight of the engine is located far to the front or far to the rear of the vehicle. Some automobile designs strive to balance
2378-536: The potentially smoother ride is usually more than offset by stiffer shock absorbers . This layout also allows the motor, gearbox, and differential to be bolted together as a single unit. Together with independent suspension on the driven wheels, this removes the need for the chassis to transfer engine torque reaction. The largest drawback of mid-engine cars is restricted rear or front (in the case of front-mid layouts) passenger space; consequently, most mid-engine vehicles are two-seat vehicles. The engine in effect pushes
Koenigsegg Agera - Misplaced Pages Continue
2436-460: The production line on 4 April 2018. At the 2016 Geneva Motor Show , a final three-car series of the Agera was announced as a final celebration of the Agera range and as the last models to wear the Agera badge. The cars could be fully customised and combined with the Agera RS chassis with the One:1 engine. The first car to be unveiled was called the 'One of One'. It featured a unique orange paint scheme with bare carbon and blue accents. The exterior of
2494-411: The production model is claimed to be 400 km/h (249 mph). The Agera has a body made from impregnated carbon fibre / kevlar with lightweight reinforcements. The car's hardtop roof is stowable under the front hood lid. The chassis is also made out of carbon fibre with an aluminium honeycomb structure that comes with integrated fuel tanks for optimal weight distribution and safety. The rear wing
2552-412: The rear passenger seats forward towards the front axle (if the engine is behind the driver). Exceptions typically involve larger vehicles of unusual length or height in which the passengers can share space between the axles with the engine, which can be between them or below them, as in some vans, large trucks, and buses. The mid-engine layout (with a horizontal engine) was common in single-decker buses in
2610-510: The same fuel. In 2013, one Agera S was the 100th Koenigsegg ever produced, celebrated by a specially-built car with gold leaf inlays named "Hundra" (Swedish for "one hundred"). The Koenigsegg One:1 was presented at the 2014 Geneva Motor Show held in March. Koenigsegg built six cars apart from the car presented at the Geneva Motor Show, all of which were already sold. Koenigsegg took two cars to
2668-426: The show in 2020: The 89th Geneva Motor Show was held between 7 and 17 March 2019. The 88th Geneva Motor Show was held on 8 to 18 March 2018. The 87th Geneva Motor Show was held from 9 to 19 March 2017. The 86th Geneva Motor Show was held from 3 to 13 March 2016. The 85th Geneva Motor Show was held from 5 to 15 March 2015. The 84th Geneva Motor Show was held from 6 to 16 March 2014. The 83rd Geneva Motor Show
2726-413: The show scheduled for November 2025 in Qatar. Areas of the show: The International Advanced Mobility Forum is the Geneva Motor Show forum on the mobility of the future. The organizers of the car show have announced the closure. While they will continue to organize the Qatar Motor Show , at Doha . In July 2023, plans were announced for the 2024 Geneva Motor Show from 26 February to 3 March, with
2784-410: The speed record run on 4 November 2017, Koenigsegg also broke their previous 0–400–0 km/h record by 2.57 seconds. However, the record was broken by a Koenigsegg Regera − which completed the run in 31.49 seconds on 23 September 2019. On 4 November 2017, Koenigsegg made the production car speed record with an Agera RS recording an average speed of 447.2 km/h (277.9 mph). The car achieved
2842-466: The steering wheel. The Agera R can produce lateral cornering forces of 1.60 G, due to a combination of mechanical balance and high levels of grip from the specially developed Michelin Supersport tyres. The 2013 version of the Agera R premiered at the 2012 Geneva Motor Show. Upgrades included carbon fibre wheels, enhanced aerodynamics, and engine upgrades allowing the Agera R's twin-turbo V8 engine to have
2900-412: The superior balance - and the car begins to spin. The moment of inertia about the center of gravity is low due to the concentration of mass between the axles (similar to standing in the middle of a playground roundabout, rather than at the edge) and the spin will occur suddenly, the car will rotate faster and it will be harder to recover from. Conversely, a front-engined car is more likely to break away in
2958-401: The trademark "dihedral-synchro-helix-actuation" doors, a new traction control system, LED lighting, blue hood stripes that continue through the cockpit of the car and a custom interior with a new "Ghost light" lighting system, which uses carbon nanotubes in a unique configuration to shine through the car's aluminium buttons. The Agera R made its debut at the March 2011 Geneva Motor Show with
SECTION 50
#17330852728593016-585: The world's automakers, aided by the fact Switzerland lacked an auto industry of its own. The Geneva International Motor Show was not held in 2020-2023 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and its economic impact on the global automobile industry. The event returned in 2024. In May 2024 the Geneva Show organizing committee decided to cancel the event for 2025 and beyond, citing a general lack of interest by manufacturers and competition from other shows. It shifted its focus to
3074-738: Was an annual auto show held in March in the Swiss city of Geneva . The show was hosted at the Palexpo , a convention centre located next to the Geneva Cointrin International Airport. The Salon was organised by the Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles , and was considered an important major international auto show. First held in 1905, the Salon hosted almost all major internal combustion engined models in
3132-430: Was being used for shakedown testing (Agera RS Phoenix built after the crash of Agera RS Gryphon). Each Agera RS could be fully customised by its owner. The Agera RS has the following fuel economy: *21 L/100 km (11 mpg ‑US ) in the city and 13 L/100 km (18 mpg ‑US ) on the highway – which averages to 18 L/100 km (13 mpg ‑US ). The last Agera RS rolled off
3190-442: Was held from 6–16 March 2008. The following vehicles were introduced: The 2007 Geneva Auto Show was held from 8–18 March 2007. The following vehicles were introduced: In addition, Subaru introduced its new boxer diesel engine , and Honda showed its next generation clean diesel engine . The 2006 Geneva Auto Show was held from 3–19 March 2006. The following vehicles were introduced: The following introductions were made at
3248-492: Was held from 7 to 17 March 2013. The 82nd edition was held from 8 to 18 March 2012. The 2011 edition was held from 3 to 13 March 2011. The 80th edition of the Geneva Motor Show was held from 4–14 March 2010. Over 80 introductions were expected for the show. Press days for the show started on 2 March 2010, when most of the major introductions occurred. The 2009 Geneva Motor Show was held from 5–15 March 2009. The following vehicles were introduced: The 2008 Geneva Motor Show
3306-516: Was the first gasoline-powered automobile to use a drive shaft and placed the engine under the seat. This pioneering vehicle is now in the collection of the Smithsonian Institution . Mounting the engine in the middle instead of the front of the vehicle puts more weight over the rear tires, so they have more traction and provide more assistance to the front tires in braking the vehicle, with less chance of rear-wheel lockup and less chance of
3364-533: Was unveiled at the 2015 Geneva Motor Show , along with the prototype version of the Regera . The Agera RS is an advanced version of the Agera R, implementing some of the new technology and features of the One:1 and combining the features of the Agera R and the Agera S. Koenigsegg billed it as "the ultimate track tool" due to its lightweight features and track optimised technologies. The Agera RS produces 450 kg of downforce at 250 km/h. The 5.0-litre V8 engine now has
#858141