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105-613: Region of Waterloo International Airport or Kitchener/Waterloo Airport ( IATA : YKF , ICAO : CYKF ) is an international airport serving the Regional Municipality of Waterloo in Woolwich , Ontario , Canada, west of Toronto . It has year round daily flights to Edmonton , Vancouver , Calgary , Orlando , Halifax , Fort Lauderdale and Kelowna through Flair Airlines and WestJet . It also has seasonal flights to Cancun through Sunwing Airlines and Flair Airlines . In 2022,

210-617: A general aviation facility in 1969. From 1951 to 1973, the Waterloo-Wellington Flying Club ran the airport and then sold it to Waterloo Region and the City of Guelph . It became a publicly owned airport and was renamed Waterloo Regional Airport. Today it operates 24 hours, seven days a week. The airport's former name, Waterloo Regional Airport, is now used by Waterloo Regional Airport in Waterloo, Iowa . In November 2020, Waterloo

315-555: A motion for discovery , requesting searches of the hard drives of the office and home computers of union officials. Additionally, Northwest requested searches of the home computers of rank-and-file employees, including Kevin Griffin and Frank Reed. On February 8, Minnesota District Court Judge Boylan approved the request and issued the discovery order. The order required all 43 named defendants , officers and rank-and-file members to turn over both home and office computer equipment to

420-583: A 34-year hiatus, and strengthened its presence in the southwestern United States. It also began flying to the United Kingdom, Ireland, Germany, and Scandinavia. On May 21, 1984, shareholders in Northwest approved the creation of NWA Inc., a Delaware corporation that became the holding company of Northwest. On October 1, 1986 , Northwest merged with Republic Airlines , also based in Minneapolis-St. Paul. It

525-470: A court injunction and the refusal of the mediation board to release them from bargaining which would have allowed the setting of a strike deadline. The attendants had been working under imposed pay cuts and work rules since July 2006 when a previous tentative agreement was rejected by 55 percent of the voting members. Prior to the May 2007 agreement, union leaders had expressed concern that its defeat could prompt

630-511: A few routes outside this hub system, such as flights from the west coast to Honolulu. In the mid-1980s, Northwest operated the only U.S. flag carrier service to Glasgow , Oslo, and Stockholm , as well as service to Copenhagen (the latter three cities are due to Minneapolis's large Nordic population ). However, this was later withdrawn after several years. From April 2000, Northwest operated non-stop flights from Detroit to Milan and Rome , both were later withdrawn (from 2003 to 2005 Rome

735-469: A group headed by Richard Lilly, a businessman from St. Paul, Minnesota , purchased the airline. In 1933 Northwest was selected to fly the "Northern Transcontinental Route" to Seattle , Washington. It adopted the name Northwest Airlines the following year after the Air Mail scandal . Northwest Airways, Inc. changed its name to Northwest Airlines, Inc. and the airline was incorporated under its new name in

840-518: A hub in Tokyo, Japan (initially Haneda Airport , later Narita International Airport ). In response to United Airlines ' 1985 acquisition of Pan Am 's Pacific routes, Northwest paid $ 884 million to purchase Republic Airlines and then established fortress hubs at Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport and Memphis International Airport . With this merger, NWA established the domestic network necessary to feed its well-established Pacific routes. Lacking

945-550: A new airport is built, replacing the old one, leaving the city's new "major" airport (or the only remaining airport) code to no longer correspond with the city's name. The original airport in Nashville, Tennessee, was built in 1936 as part of the Works Progress Administration and called Berry Field with the designation, BNA. A new facility known as Nashville International Airport was built in 1987 but still uses BNA. This

1050-565: A pilot project to help serve connecting customers outside the GTA. Passengers will be able to check in for their flight from Toronto at the Waterloo Airport prior to boarding the shuttle bus, however there will be an additional cost associated with utilizing the shuttle bus. On 2 September 2024, Grand River Transit began operating Route 78 that runs between Sportsworld Station and the airport. IATA airport code The assignment of these codes

1155-729: A reputation for refusing to adopt industry-wide fare increases that had been accepted by other airlines. This changed in March 2005, when Northwest adopted fare hikes in response to rising oil prices. Due to competition from low-cost carriers such as Southwest Airlines and the impact of paying living wages in a new contract with employees represented by the Aircraft Mechanics Fraternal Association (AMFA) labor union , Northwest began to make cutbacks in early 2001 to preserve profits and executive salaries. Two small rounds of employee layoffs and other cutbacks were implemented in

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1260-549: A share which sealed the deal. Northwest Airlines became a minority owner of Midwest Airlines in the fourth quarter of 2007. On September 25, 2007, Northwest Airlines received DOT approval to begin service to Shanghai from its Detroit hub beginning March 25, 2009. American, Continental, Delta, and US Airways also received new or additional China route authority to Shanghai or Beijing, and United received authority to serve Guangzhou. On April 14, 2008, Northwest Airlines announced that it would be merging with Delta Air Lines to form

1365-493: A significant presence in Europe, in 1993 it began a strategic alliance with KLM and a jointly coordinated European hub at Amsterdam Airport Schiphol . Before its merger with Delta, Northwest was the world's sixth-largest airline in domestic and international scheduled passenger miles flown and the US's sixth-largest airline in domestic passenger miles flown. In addition to operating one of

1470-401: A time it adopted the slogan "Northwest Orient: The Fan-Jet Airline". Nonstop transpacific flights became feasible with the introduction of the 707-320B/C. Northwest bought its first Boeing 747s in 1970 and soon began retiring its smaller 707s. In addition to operating the 747's on transpacific flights, Northwest briefly flew them on its busiest domestic routes as well. For years Northwest was

1575-499: Is GSN and its IATA code is SPN, and some coincide with IATA codes of non-U.S. airports. Canada's unusual codes—which bear little to no similarity with any conventional abbreviation to the city's name—such as YUL in Montréal , and YYZ in Toronto , originated from the two-letter codes used to identify weather reporting stations in the 1930s. The letters preceding the two-letter code follow

1680-421: Is an additional 16 feet taller (80 feet) and 85 square feet bigger than the previous tower. Low-cost carrier Flair Airlines began flying to six domestic destinations in May 2021. This was later expanded to 9 Canadian destinations plus 2 US and Cancun, Mexico - some of them seasonal. In April 2021, Waterloo Regional Council approved $ 44 million to further the expansion of the airport. As part of this expansion,

1785-600: Is available. However, many railway administrations have their own list of codes for their stations, such as the list of Amtrak station codes . Airport codes arose out of the convenience that the practice brought pilots for location identification in the 1930s. Initially, pilots in the United States used the two-letter code from the National Weather Service (NWS) for identifying cities. This system became unmanageable for cities and towns without an NWS identifier, and

1890-518: Is different from the name in English, yet the airport code represents only the English name. Examples include: Due to scarcity of codes, some airports are given codes with letters not found in their names: The use of 'X' as a filler letter is a practice to create three-letter identifiers when more straightforward options were unavailable: Some airports in the United States retained their NWS ( National Weather Service ) codes and simply appended an X at

1995-650: Is governed by IATA Resolution 763, and it is administered by the IATA's headquarters in Montreal , Canada. The codes are published semi-annually in the IATA Airline Coding Directory. IATA provides codes for airport handling entities, and for certain railway stations. Alphabetical lists of airports sorted by IATA code are available. A list of railway station codes , shared in agreements between airlines and rail lines such as Amtrak , SNCF , and Deutsche Bahn ,

2100-513: Is in conjunction to rules aimed to avoid confusion that seem to apply in the United States, which state that "the first and second letters or second and third letters of an identifier may not be duplicated with less than 200 nautical miles separation." Thus, Washington, D.C. area's three airports all have radically different codes: IAD for Washington–Dulles , DCA for Washington–Reagan (District of Columbia Airport), and BWI for Baltimore (Baltimore–Washington International, formerly BAL). Since HOU

2205-532: Is not followed outside the United States: In addition, since three letter codes starting with Q are widely used in radio communication, cities whose name begins with "Q" also had to find alternate codes, as in the case of: IATA codes should not be confused with the FAA identifiers of U.S. airports. Most FAA identifiers agree with the corresponding IATA codes, but some do not, such as Saipan , whose FAA identifier

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2310-416: Is used for William P. Hobby Airport , the new Houston–Intercontinental became IAH. The code BKK was originally assigned to Bangkok–Don Mueang and was later transferred to Suvarnabhumi Airport , while the former adopted DMK. The code ISK was originally assigned to Gandhinagar Airport (Nashik's old airport) and later on transferred to Ozar Airport (Nashik's current airport). Shanghai–Hongqiao retained

2415-493: The Air Line Pilots Association, International ) and shut down the airline for more than two weeks. The airline sustained heavy losses as a result, and ended 1998 in the red, after being profitable since 1993. On January 5, 2000, Northwest Airlines filed a federal lawsuit against the flight attendants' union and a number of rank-and-file employees. Along with its January 5 complaint, Northwest Airlines filed

2520-561: The Canadian transcontinental railroads were built, each station was assigned its own two-letter Morse code : When the Canadian government established airports, it used the existing railway codes for them as well. If the airport had a weather station, authorities added a "Y" to the front of the code, meaning "Yes" to indicate it had a weather station or some other letter to indicate it did not. When international codes were created in cooperation with

2625-909: The Caribbean ) began to operate during their peak season, notably Sunwing Airlines to Cancun . WestJet launched daily flights to Calgary on 14 May 2007. This was initially labelled a seasonal service, but on 27 June 2007, WestJet announced that the flights would continue year-round. WestJet also operated daily seasonal flights to Vancouver in the summer of 2010, but these did not continue in subsequent years. Bearskin Airlines started daily non-stop flights to Ottawa on 1 October 2007, with onward connections to Northern Ontario, and added daily flights to Montreal beginning on 1 May 2011. The Montreal flights ended in September 2012, and on 25 March 2014, Bearskin announced that they would terminate all scheduled service from

2730-482: The Delta Flight Museum following its retirement by Delta in 2015. Northwest was purchased in a 1989 leveraged buyout by an investment group headed by Al Checchi , Fred Malek and Gary Wilson , with KLM, and many others. To pay off the debt incurred, the new management sold many of the airline's aircraft to leasing companies, and sold property around the world, including land in central Tokyo. The expense of

2835-465: The Minneapolis–Saint Paul area. In October 2009 Delta Air Lines hired a real estate broker to put the 108-acre (44 ha) former Northwest Airlines headquarters complex for sale or lease. During that month the facility had a taxable value of $ 13.7 million. The airline marketed 36 acres (15 ha) of the former NWA facility that is located along Interstate 494 separately from the main part of

2940-760: The Republic of China nearly ready to collapse, and its government evacuated to the island of Formosa ( Taiwan ). Northwest Airlines added Songshan Airport in Taipei , the new capital city of the Republic of China , as a stop on the Tokyo-Okinawa-Manila route on June 3, 1950, with ongoing interchange service to Hong Kong operated by Hong Kong Airways . With transpacific flights established, Northwest began branding as Northwest Orient Airlines between 1947 and 1986, although its registered corporate name remained "Northwest Airlines." NWA continuously upgraded equipment on

3045-637: The U.S. Post Office Department . The airline was originally based in Detroit, Michigan . The fledgling airline established a mail route between Minneapolis and Chicago , using open-cockpit biplanes such as the Curtiss Oriole and the Waco JYM . From 1928 the enclosed cabin six-passenger Hamilton H-45 and H-47 were used. Northwest Airlines began carrying passengers in 1927; in 1928 Northwest started its first international route with service to Winnipeg . In 1929,

3150-670: The United States Department of Transportation for nonstop service between its WorldGateway hub in Detroit to Shanghai (beginning in 2007 on Boeing 747-400s ) and to Beijing (beginning in 2010 on Boeing 787 Dreamliners ). The airline faced off against Delta Air Lines (which proposed Atlanta to Shanghai and Beijing), American Airlines (Chicago/O'Hare–Beijing), Continental Airlines (Newark–Shanghai), US Airways (Philadelphia–Beijing), United Airlines (Los Angeles–Shanghai and San Francisco–Guangzhou), and MAXjet (Seattle–Shanghai) in

3255-481: The "bowling shoe" by employees, featured colors of red, white, gray, and very dark blue. Also in 1989, Northwest became the launch customer of the Boeing 747-400 and became one of only two airlines in the United States to operate it until its merger with Delta in 2009 . The first aircraft it purchased was the first 747-400 to be built; it was later involved in a loss-of-control incident in 2002 and placed on display at

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3360-507: The 36-passenger seat Martin 2-0-2 . In 1931, Northwest sponsored Charles and Anne Lindbergh on a pioneering test flight to Japan via Alaska, scouting what would become known as the Northwest Airlines' Great Circle route that could save 2,000 miles (3,000 km) on a New York to Tokyo flight. Northwest began to bolster the infrastructure on the domestic leg of this route during World War II when it flew soldiers and supplies from

3465-746: The Kitchener-Waterloo Municipal Airport, also known as Lexington Airport, in 1929, on the Heinrich farm on Lexington Road in Waterloo. The towns of Kitchener and Waterloo and the Ontario Equitable Life and Accident Insurance Company acquired the lands to build a land and water airport facility. Completed in 1930, the airfield was mainly used for flying instruction. The airport had two grass runways (1,800 ft [550 m] and 2,000 ft [610 m]) on 83 acres (34 ha) on

3570-590: The National Mediation Board to recess talks indefinitely, resulting in the loss of a $ 182 million bankruptcy claim the attendants had against Northwest. With the new agreement, the $ 182 million claim was to eventually be sold for cash with an estimated pre-tax value of $ 15,000 to $ 18,000 per flight attendant. Previous to the recent agreements, Northwest provided employees with stock in exchange for concessions. For example, in 1993 Northwest pilots, ground workers, and flight attendants received stock and seats on

3675-410: The Northwest name for flights. The official final flight was Northwest Airlines Flight 2470 from Los Angeles to Las Vegas. As of 2006, Northwest Airlines Cargo was the largest cargo carrier among U.S. combination passenger and cargo airlines. NWA Cargo's fleet of dedicated Boeing 747 freighter aircraft flew from some key cities in the United States and East Asia, as well as Amsterdam, connecting with

3780-625: The Northwestern United States to Alaska. It was at this point that Northwest began painting its airliners' tails bright red as a visual aid in the often harsh weather conditions. The airline's experience with the sub-arctic climate led the U.S. government to designate Northwest as the main airline over the North Pacific following the war. In the spring of 1947, Northwest began stationing employees at Haneda Airport in Tokyo, flying them from

3885-487: The State of Minnesota. In 1939 Northwest had five daily flights from Chicago to Minneapolis ; three continued west to Seattle through North Dakota and Montana . Northwest also served Winnipeg, Manitoba , and Portland, Oregon , by spurs from its transcontinental route. By the spring of 1948, Northwest was operating three different aircraft types: the 44-passenger seat Douglas DC-4 , the 21-passenger seat Douglas DC-3 and

3990-498: The U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York on September 14, 2005. With Northwest's filing, four of the six largest U.S. carriers were operating under bankruptcy protection. Northwest joined Delta Air Lines (which filed just minutes before), United Airlines , and US Airways in bankruptcy. All four carriers subsequently emerged from bankruptcy protection. Northwest common stock shares dropped more than 50% for

4095-480: The U.S. For example, several airports in Alaska have scheduled commercial service, such as Stebbins and Nanwalek , which use FAA codes instead of ICAO codes. Thus, neither system completely includes all airports with scheduled service. Some airports are identified in colloquial speech by their IATA code. Examples include LAX and JFK . Northwest Airlines Northwest Airlines (often abbreviated as NWA )

4200-737: The United States via Alaska on its Great Circle route. On July 15, 1947, Northwest was the first airline to begin direct service between the United States and Japan, using a Douglas DC-4 airliner named The Manila . (All pre-war airline service to East Asia had been via Hawaii and the Philippines.) The flight to Japan originated at Wold-Chamberlain Field in Minneapolis and stopped at Blatchford Field in Edmonton , Elmendorf AFB in Anchorage , and Shemya AAF in

4305-481: The United States, because "Y" was seldom used in the United States, Canada simply used the weather station codes for its airports, changing the "Y" to a "Z" if it conflicted with an airport code already in use. The result is that most major Canadian airport codes start with "Y" followed by two letters in the city's name (for example, YOW for O tta w a , YWG for W innipe g , YYC for C algar y , or YVR for V ancouve r ), whereas other Canadian airports append

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4410-662: The West Coast, and, starting in 1958–59, Georgia and Florida from Chicago. On June 1, 1959, Northwest accepted its first turboprop , the L-188 Electra , from the Lockheed Corporation . Northwest Airlines started flying the three-engine Boeing 727-100 in November 1964; many stretched B727-251s followed. After airline deregulation in 1978 Northwest began nonstop flights to other Asian cities, returned to China in 1984 after

4515-418: The accounting company Ernst & Young for "purposes of examining and copying information and communications contained on the computer hard drives ." The order permitted the discovery of all data, including e-mail communications. After conducting discovery, Northwest Airlines fired over a dozen employees in early March, stating that they had engaged in a sickout . The Union filed grievances claiming none of

4620-639: The airport effective 1 April 2014. They continued to operate charter flights at the airport. On 13 December 2011, American Airlines announced new daily nonstop flights to Chicago beginning on 14 June 2012, the airport's first destination in the United States since 2009. The service was operated by Envoy under the American Eagle brand, using Embraer 145 jets. On 22 June 2016, American Airlines announced they would be suspending flights effective 5 October 2016. In September 2013, Nolinor Aviation began three weekly and four every other week charter service from

4725-440: The airport itself instead of the city it serves, while another code is reserved which refers to the city itself which can be used to search for flights to any of its airports. For instance: Or using a code for the city in one of the major airports and then assigning another code to another airport: When different cities with the same name each have an airport, they need to be assigned different codes. Examples include: Sometimes,

4830-614: The airport ranked seventh-busiest in Canada by total aircraft movements and twentieth-busiest by passenger traffic. The airport is classified as an airport of entry by Nav Canada and is staffed by the Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA). CBSA officers at this airport can handle any general aviation aircraft up to 180 people with two hours prior notice. The terminal building has an international/domestic lounge. There are two separate baggage carousel , one for domestic and

4935-403: The airport to Mary River via Iqaluit with a Boeing 737-200 combi. This service was expected to bring $ 400,000 annually to the airport through landing and ramp fees with no additional costs to the region. Nolinor no longer makes regular flights out of the airport. A new air traffic control tower commenced operations on 27 September 2017, replacing the original tower built in 1969. This tower

5040-476: The airport will get increased baggage handling capacity and larger departure lounges. This is expected to be complete in 2023. Air Canada flights can be booked to YKF, with a bus connection from Toronto Pearson Airport . Source: The airport has service vehicles, including a dedicated snow plow, as well as their own fire suppression and rescue unit (two Oshkosh Striker 1500). Local taxis, limousines, and chartered buses provide ground transportation to and from

5145-418: The airport's former name, such as Orlando International Airport 's MCO (for Mc C o y Air Force Base), or Chicago's O'Hare International Airport , which is coded ORD for its original name: Or char d Field. In rare cases, the code comes from the airport's unofficial name, such as Kahului Airport 's OGG (for local aviation pioneer Jimmy H ogg ). In large metropolitan areas, airport codes are often named after

5250-497: The airport. Private cars park at three parking lots located at the airport. Parking pay stations are located at the main lot and in the terminal concourse area. The main road to access the airport is Regional Road 17 or Fountain Street North. Fountain intersects with Highway 7 to the north (access to Waterloo and Guelph) or with Highway 401 to the south (access to London and Toronto). Connections to Kitchener became easier in 2013 with

5355-529: The area. In 1948, the Waterloo-Wellington Airport Commission acquired a larger site in the Breslau, Ontario , area and a new airfield was completed there in 1950. The original airport was sold in 1951 to A.B. Caya and re-developed into a mixed residential and commercial area. The entrance to the former airport is now Lexington Park at 291 Lexington Road. The new K-W Municipal Airport became

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5460-433: The board of directors in exchange for pay cuts. As part of the agreement, Northwest was to buy back these preferred shares in 2003 but refused to do so, citing financial distress. In the summer of 2007, Northwest was engaged in a labor conflict with its pilots over a large number of end of the month flight cancellations. The pilots claimed that Northwest did not have sufficient pilots to fly its schedule; Northwest accused

5565-575: The board, including removing pillows, peanuts, pretzels, in-flight entertainment on domestic flights, and newspapers and magazines. Over 50 McDonnell Douglas DC-9 , Boeing 757 , Boeing 747 , and Airbus A320 family aircraft were withdrawn from use in an attempt to lower overall capacity and save money. Some of these aircraft were returned to service. Following many years of a pioneering and close partnership with KLM Royal Dutch Airlines, Northwest, along with partners KLM and Continental Airlines , joined SkyTeam , an alliance of ten airlines from around

5670-450: The buyout was so great that in 1993, following several years of losses due to industry overcapacity and a traffic downturn following the Gulf War , Northwest threatened bankruptcy to force three years of wage cuts upon its employee groups. Northwest subsequently made its first profit since 1989 on the backs of its workers. Also in 1993, Northwest began its strategic alliance with KLM , which

5775-579: The carrier's cargo hub in Anchorage, Alaska ( Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport ), facilitating the quick transfer of cargo between large cities on both sides of the Pacific. NWA Cargo also transports freight aboard the passenger fleet of Northwest Airlines to more than 250 cities worldwide. Delta announced that the NWA Cargo hub will be shut down by the end of 2009. As of early 2008, NWA's largest cargo client

5880-491: The code SHA, while the newer Shanghai–Pudong adopted PVG. The opposite was true for Berlin : the airport Berlin–Tegel used the code TXL, while its smaller counterpart Berlin–Schönefeld used SXF; the Berlin Brandenburg Airport has the airport code BER, which is also part of its branding. The airports of Hamburg (HAM) and Hannover (HAJ) are less than 100 nautical miles (190 km) apart and therefore share

5985-485: The company would begin to trade on the NYSE under the ticker NWA. Initial trading on a "when-issued" basis began on May 21, 2007, and regular trading began on May 31, 2007. Also on May 18, 2007, Northwest Airlines was cleared by a federal bankruptcy judge to emerge from Chapter 11 Bankruptcy protection on May 31, 2007, ending Northwest's 20 months of difficulty trying to slash costs. On July 16, 2007, Northwest Airlines applied to

6090-406: The company. After numerous negotiation sessions, no agreement was reached, and the company began hiring permanent replacement workers. In mid-October, after permanently hiring about 500 non-union workers, Northwest made a final offer to the union. The offer would have saved 500 union jobs and offered four weeks of severance pay to terminated employees. This offer was worse than the original declined by

6195-521: The employees' sick calls were false. The effect on intra-airline email use was marked: postings critical of Northwest Airlines by employees dwindled, and the majority of messages after the search were posted anonymously . On August 20, 2005, after months of negotiations, an impasse declared by the NMB and a 30-day cooling off period , the over 4,750 Northwest aircraft mechanics , janitors, and aircraft cleaners represented by AMFA went on strike against

6300-826: The end. Examples include: A lot of minor airfields without scheduled passenger traffic have ICAO codes but not IATA codes, since the four letter codes allow more number of codes, and IATA codes are mainly used for passenger services such as tickets, and ICAO codes by pilots. In the US, such airfields use FAA codes instead of ICAO. There are airports with scheduled service for which there are ICAO codes but not IATA codes, such as Nkhotakota Airport/Tangole Airport in Malawi or Chōfu Airport in Tokyo, Japan. There are also several minor airports in Russia (e.g., Omsukchan Airport ) which lack IATA codes and instead use internal Russian codes for booking. Flights to these airports cannot be booked through

6405-821: The extension of Fairway Road across the Grand River to Fountain Street. On 11 July 2022, Grand River Transit , the public transit operator in the area, began operating a flexible bus route in Breslau, including the airport. It operates as an on-demand bus service operating weekdays between 6am and 10am, 2pm and 6pm, and 10:45pm and 11:45pm. The bus route offers connection to Route 204 iXpress Victoria and Route 34 Bingemans at Victoria Street and Lackner Boulevard. Starting May 2024, Air Canada will be launching exclusive connective 'luxury' shuttle buses between this airport (or Hamilton Airport) and Toronto Pearson International Airport , as part of

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6510-517: The first clear-air turbulence forecasting system in 1957, important since the airline flew many northern routes over turbulence-prone mountain areas. Northwest remained a leader in turbulence prediction, providing TPAWS (turbulence prediction and warning services) to other airlines. During the regulated era, Northwest's domestic network was mainly along the northern transcontinental route through Chicago, Minneapolis, and Seattle; New York and Detroit were added in 1945. Northwest also served Hawaii from

6615-557: The first three letters of the city in which it is located, for instance: The code may also be a combination of the letters in its name, such as: Sometimes the airport code reflects pronunciation, rather than spelling, namely: For many reasons, some airport codes do not fit the normal scheme described above. Some airports, for example, cross several municipalities or regions, and therefore, use codes derived from some of their letters, resulting in: Other airports—particularly those serving cities with multiple airports—have codes derived from

6720-425: The following format: Most large airports in Canada have codes that begin with the letter "Y", although not all "Y" codes are Canadian (for example, YUM for Yuma, Arizona , and YNT for Yantai , China), and not all Canadian airports start with the letter "Y" (for example, ZBF for Bathurst, New Brunswick ). Many Canadian airports have a code that starts with W, X or Z, but none of these are major airports. When

6825-593: The form of " YYZ ", a song by the rock band Rush , which utilizes the Morse code signal as a musical motif. Some airports have started using their IATA codes as brand names , such as Calgary International Airport (YYC) and Vancouver International Airport (YVR). Numerous New Zealand airports use codes that contain the letter Z, to distinguish them from similar airport names in other countries. Examples include HLZ for Hamilton , ZQN for Queenstown , and WSZ for Westport . Predominantly, airport codes are named after

6930-504: The former Republic Airlines headquarters building, located on the property of Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport , as well as Building J located in Eagan. Before the headquarters were in Eagan, they were on the grounds of Minneapolis–St. Paul International Airport. A recurring issue in Northwest's history was its troubled labor relations. In 1998, Northwest walked away from the bargaining table, locked out its pilots (represented by

7035-482: The international air booking systems or have international luggage transferred there, and thus, they are booked instead through the airline or a domestic booking system. Several heliports in Greenland have 3-letter codes used internally which might be IATA codes for airports in faraway countries. There are several airports with scheduled service that have not been assigned ICAO codes that do have IATA codes, especially in

7140-739: The largest domestic route networks in the U.S., Northwest carried more passengers across the Pacific Ocean (5.1 million in 2004) than any other U.S. carrier, and carried more domestic air cargo than any other American passenger airline. Regional and commuter airline flights for Northwest were operated under the name Northwest Airlink by Big Sky Airlines , Eugene Aviation Services, Express Airlines I /II, Fischer Brothers Aviation , Mesaba Airlines , Northeast Express Regional Airlines , Pacific Island Aviation , Pinnacle Airlines , Precision Airlines , Simmons Airlines and Compass Airlines via respective code sharing agreements. Northwest Airlines

7245-842: The largest foreign airline serving Japan. In 1951, Northwest became involved with the founding of Japan Air Lines (JAL) by leasing airliners and crewmembers to the new airline. In 1952, United States and Japan ratified a regional bilateral aviation treaty, under which Northwest and Pan American World Airways became the two U.S. airlines in Tokyo. These carriers also received fifth freedom rights to carry passengers from and via Tokyo to other Asian destinations such as Seoul , Busan , Taipei , Kaohsiung , Manila , Beijing , Shanghai , Guangzhou , Hong Kong , Bangkok , Kuala Lumpur and Singapore . Northwest also flew passenger routes from Japan to Guam and Saipan , U.S. possessions in Micronesia . Northwest's meteorologists, led by Dan Sowa, pioneered

7350-415: The late 1990s and early 2000s, Northwest enjoyed profits and focused on improving technology to increase convenience and reduce costs. The airline offered airport self-service check-in kiosks starting in 1997 and had more than any other airline. Northwest was the first large U.S. airline to offer internet check-in to passengers, with service from December 2000. During the early 2000s decade, Northwest acquired

7455-585: The main apron 3, expanding apron 2 into apron 3, new widened taxiway alpha and Charlie taxiway off apron 2 to runway 08, and approach lighting on runway 26. In 2010, Taxiway Charlie was widened to prepare for a new development area called "LL4." A new general manager recruited from the Greater Toronto Airports Authority, Chris Wood, was appointed in September 2009. Northwest Airlines affiliate Mesaba Airlines flew to Detroit until June 2009. In late 2005, major vacation charters (primarily to

7560-530: The merger, the airline dropped Orient from its branding. One major reason for the merger was that Northwest's unique position as a domestic and transpacific carrier had been challenged in 1985 when United Airlines acquired the Pacific Division of Pan Am . Northwest continued to use the pre-merger Northwest Orient livery (minus the word "Orient") until a new livery and identity (designed by Landor Associates ) were adopted in 1989. The new livery, nicknamed

7665-473: The months before the September 11 attacks . Following the attacks, Northwest was forced to make dramatic changes to its business structure through major employee layoffs and other cost-cutting measures. The retirement of costly and aging aircraft such as the Boeing 727 and McDonnell Douglas DC-10-40 were accelerated as new aircraft went into service. In addition, the airline pursued options to reduce costs across

7770-612: The name of the airport itself, for instance: This is also true with some cities with a single airport (even if there is more than one airport in the metropolitan area of said city), such as BDL for Hartford, Connecticut 's B ra dl ey International Airport or Baltimore's BWI, for B altimore/ W ashington I nternational Airport ; however, the latter also serves Washington, D.C. , alongside Dulles International Airport (IAD, for I nternational A irport D ulles) and Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport (DCA, for D istrict of C olumbia A irport). The code also sometimes comes from

7875-574: The north and several destinations in Florida in the south including Miami, Fort Lauderdale and Tampa. On July 8, 1960, Northwest placed the Douglas DC-8 into service, offering the shortest flight times to East Asia, but within a year the airline was negotiating the sale of the five DC-8s. Northwest retired the last of its Boeing 377 Stratocruisers that September. The airline purchased several Boeing 720 Bs in 1961, and 1963 several new Boeing 707 -320Bs; for

7980-403: The offer. On October 9, 2006, AMFA leadership and Northwest reached an agreement. Under the settlement, all AMFA workers still on strike as of that date were converted to lay-off status with five weeks of severance pay (ten weeks if they resigned from Northwest). However, these employees had a right-of-recall to their old jobs. The settlement was approved on November 6, 2006. On May 30, 2007, it

8085-416: The one they are located in: Other airport codes are of obscure origin, and each has its own peculiarities: In Asia, codes that do not correspond with their city's names include Niigata 's KIJ , Nanchang 's KHN and Pyongyang 's FNJ . EuroAirport Basel Mulhouse Freiburg , which serves three countries, has three airport codes: BSL, MLH, EAP. Some cities have a name in their respective language which

8190-479: The other international. There are four gates (one international, one domestic arrivals, two domestic departures) at this terminal to handle scheduled flights. There is a licensed sit-down eating area and a vending area for people travelling through the airport. The airport was previously named Waterloo Regional Airport, but it changed its name in March 2004 after Northwest Airlines announced that it would run daily flights to Detroit , Michigan. Construction began on

8295-433: The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Northwest then served these routes via Tokyo. The airline sought government approval to restore nonstop Detroit–Shanghai service in March 2007 but lost its bid to United 's Washington –Beijing route; however, before their merger with Delta Air Lines , Northwest received tentative authority to restart nonstop Detroit–Shanghai service starting March 25, 2009. Through

8400-548: The pilots of calling in sick to create the problem. Following the Republic merger in 1986, Northwest primarily operated on a hub and spoke route system with hubs in Detroit, Memphis, Minneapolis/St. Paul, and Tokyo. Under the KLM joint venture started in 1993, the two carriers established an Amsterdam hub where transatlantic routes operated by Northwest linked with European, African, and Asian routes operated by KLM. Northwest also operated

8505-407: The property, as the airline considered the property to be excess. Terry Kingston, the executive director of the real estate brokerage firm Cushman & Wakefield , stated that there had been some interest in the Northwest Airlines property from other parties. Northwest was the only occupant of the four-story headquarters building. Employees remaining in the Minneapolis area were moved to Building C,

8610-530: The route competition. On August 12, 2007, Northwest Airlines became a passive investor in the purchase of Midwest Airlines by TPG Capital . The airline stated that while it was an investor, it would not participate in any management or control of Midwest Airlines . However, on August 14, 2007, AirTran Airways raised their offer for Midwest to $ 16.25 a share, 25 cents more than the TPG offer. But soon after on August 17, 2007, TPG Capital raised their offer to $ 17.00

8715-501: The same first and middle letters, indicating that this rule might be followed only in Germany. Many cities retain historical names in their airport codes, even after having undergone an official name/spelling/transliteration change: Some airport codes are based on previous names associated with a present airport, often with a military heritage. These include: Some airports are named for an administrative division or nearby city, rather than

8820-526: The second time in three days following the news, largely because the stock is generally cancelled as part of the bankruptcy process. In the following weeks, Northwest Airlink carriers Mesaba Airlines and Pinnacle Airlines both announced that Northwest Airlines had missed payments to them for their Airlink flying. Northwest also announced plans to shrink its Airlink fleet by over 45 aircraft. Mesaba Aviation filed for Chapter 11 Bankruptcy on October 13, 2005. Northwest announced on May 18, 2007, that shares of

8925-399: The site of the original hangar built in 1930. The airfield extended along the southeast side of Lexington Road to University Avenue. A historical plaque near the entrance of Lexington Park describes the runways. Waterloo underwent a major expansion in 2003. Starting in 2008, the airport started expanding again to accommodate larger aircraft on the aprons and taxiways; this includes widening

9030-512: The southeast side of Lexington Road. Gilles Air Service began to operate from the airfield from 1930 to 1932 and was succeeded by Kitchener-Waterloo Flying Club from 1932 to 1951. During World War II , civilian aviation ceased at the airfield and it was used by the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan . At the end of the war, there was a push for a larger and more appropriate place for private and commercial aviation in

9135-497: The station code of Malton, Mississauga , where it is located). YUL is used for Montréal–Trudeau (UL was the ID code for the beacon in the city of Kirkland , now the location of Montréal–Trudeau). While these codes make it difficult for the public to associate them with a particular Canadian city, some codes have become popular in usage despite their cryptic nature, particularly at the largest airports. Toronto's code has entered pop culture in

9240-440: The transpacific routes. On June 22, 1949, Northwest received its first double-decker Boeing 377 "Stratocruiser" , enabling more comfortable accommodations and faster transpacific flights. The Stratocruiser began flying from the West Coast to Honolulu in 1950 and to Tokyo via Alaska on September 27, 1952. 　 In 1954, Northwest Orient purchased Douglas DC-6Bs and started flying them to Tokyo and Manila. In January 1960, Northwest

9345-504: The two-letter code of the radio beacons that were the closest to the actual airport, such as YQX in Gander or YXS in Prince George . Four of the ten provincial capital airports in Canada have ended up with codes beginning with YY, including: Canada's largest airport is YYZ for Toronto Pearson (as YTZ was already allocated to Billy Bishop Toronto City Airport , the airport was given

9450-493: The union, which would have saved over 2,000 jobs and offered 16 weeks of severance pay. On October 20, 2005, AMFA announced that it would not allow its members to vote on the offer, citing that parts of the contract would violate the union's commitment to its members. Finally, in late December 2005, Northwest made what it termed its "final offer" to the union. The agreement would have terminated all striking workers and given them rights to unemployment compensation. The union voted down

9555-529: The use of two letters allowed only a few hundred combinations; a three-letter system of airport codes was implemented. This system allowed for 17,576 permutations, assuming all letters can be used in conjunction with each other. Since the U.S. Navy reserved "N" codes, and to prevent confusion with Federal Communications Commission broadcast call signs , which begin with "W" or "K", the airports of certain U.S. cities whose name begins with one of these letters had to adopt "irregular" airport codes: This practice

9660-568: The western Aleutian Islands . The flight continued from Tokyo to Lunghwa Airport in Shanghai and then to Nichols Field at Manila . A flight between Tokyo and Seoul ( Gimpo Airport ) began on October 20, 1947, and Naha Airport in Okinawa began to be a stop on the Tokyo to Manila route on November 16, 1947. Northwest service to Shanghai was suspended in May 1949 because of the civil war in China, with

9765-460: The world's largest airline. The merger was approved on October 29, 2008. The CEO during the merger of Delta and Northwest was Richard Anderson who was Northwest Airlines CEO from 2001 to 2004. The combined airline uses the Delta name and branding. On October 1, 2009, Northwest WorldPerks merged into SkyMiles . On January 31, 2010, Delta completed the merge of the reservation systems and discontinued using

9870-479: The world, on September 15, 2004. This was partially a result of Air France merging with KLM, forming the Air France-KLM group. Northwest continued to hemorrhage money, however. Despite far-reaching money-saving initiatives, the industry-wide history of inflated executive compensation forced Northwest to file for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection for the first time in its 79-year history. The filing took place in

9975-460: Was 1,800 by 125 ft (549 by 38 m). The threshold of 01 is in the parking lot of Sandowne Public School, the threshold of 19 is in the properties on Kane Drive, the threshold of 11 is on Bairstow Crescent and the threshold of 29 is in the properties on Dunvegan Drive opposite a playground. The current Lexington Park is between the thresholds of 11 and 19. The baseball diamond and soccer pitch at Lexington Park, 291 Lexington Road in Waterloo, are

10080-725: Was DHL International. In December 2007, NWA announced that DHL International would terminate its cargo agreement with the airline effective late 2008. According to NWA Chief Financial Officer Dave Davis, the loss of its largest cargo client would bring significant changes to the division. Further changes to the NWA Cargo division continued into 2009 as it was merged into the Delta Cargo service. NWA Cargo ended all operations on December 28, 2009. On July 30, 2010, Northwest pleaded guilty to one count of felony price fixing for fixing prices for cargo shipping via NWA Cargo. Immediately before Northwest ceased being an independent airline, its headquarters

10185-583: Was a major airline in the United States that operated from 1926 until it merged with Delta Air Lines in 2010. The merger made Delta the largest airline in the world until the American Airlines–US Airways merger in 2013. Northwest was headquartered in Eagan, Minnesota , near Minneapolis–Saint Paul International Airport . After World War II , it became dominant in the trans-Pacific market with

10290-545: Was also a minority owner of Midwest Airlines , holding a 40% stake in the company. Northwest Airlines was founded on September 1, 1926, by Colonel Lewis Brittin, under the name Northwest Airways , a reference to the historical name for the Midwestern United States that derived from the Northwest Territory . Like other early airlines, Northwest's focus was not in hauling passengers, but in flying mail for

10395-528: Was announced that the flight attendants narrowly agreed to concessions and became the last major workgroup at Northwest to agree to new contract terms. The deal was approved by a vote of 2,966 to 2,862. Union leaders said that 90.5 percent of eligible voters cast ballots. The new contract would provide Northwest with $ 1.9 billion in annual cuts through 2011. Negotiations with attendants had been ongoing and contentious for several years. The flight attendants were unable to strike during negotiations because of

10500-497: Was in Building A, a facility in Eagan , Minnesota, near Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport and the intersection of I-35E and Interstate 494 . The 266,899-square-foot (24,795.7 m ) building in the complex, which housed about 1,000 Northwest employees, was built in 1985. The building had a large "N" painted on the roof. After Delta and Northwest merged, Delta moved the Eagan headquarters employees to other offices in

10605-403: Was operating transcontinental Lockheed L-188 Electra turboprop service nonstop between New York City and Seattle with these flights being part of the airline's service between New York City and Asia with Douglas DC-7C aircraft being operated on the transpacific legs from Seattle and was also operating Electra propjet flights between Minneapolis/St. Paul, Milwaukee and Chicago Midway Airport in

10710-435: Was served only during the summer season). In 2009, under the banner of Delta , service to Rome was then resumed for the summer season. In 1991, Northwest began service to Australia, after United and Qantas began non-stop flights to the continental U.S. using the newly introduced, long-range 747-400. Northwest routed its Sydney–New York flight through Osaka, which raised Japanese protest because less than 30% of passengers on

10815-667: Was the busiest airport in Canada, owing to the continued operation of its flight-training businesses while much of Canadian aviation was shut down by the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario . Using an aerial photograph A10055-8 1946 from the Geospatial Library at the University of Waterloo, it seems that the airport had two runways, crossing each other approximately in their middles. Runway 11/29 was 2,000 by 75 ft (610 by 23 m). Runway 01/19

10920-424: Was the largest airline merger at the time and caused operational issues which led the combined carrier to have an on-time performance of just 42 percent in its early days. Through the merger, NWA adopted Republic's three-hub domestic network centered around Detroit, Memphis, and Minneapolis-St. Paul. The combined airline became particularly strong in the first two cities, with a market share of over 80% in each. After

11025-604: Was the largest airline partnership at that time. This partnership eventually became the Wings Alliance , but the alliance never grew beyond the two airlines. Northwest gradually pulled out of its minor European destinations and focused on domestic and Asian markets. On May 1, 1996, Northwest inaugurated the first-ever nonstop service from North America to China, Detroit – Beijing . Nonstop Detroit–Shanghai service followed in April 2000. These nonstop services were suspended in 2002 due to

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