Misplaced Pages

#442557

66-468: Kisar is similar geographically and geologically to the nearby islands of Timor , Leti , and Moa . The interior of the island is hilly, with several small mountains lined roughly east–west. The highest of these, Gunung Taitulu, rises approximately 300 metres (980 ft) above sea level, and from the top, nearby Wetar and Timor are easily seen. The entire island is encircled by a series of rugged limestone cliffs that look like giant stairsteps rising from

132-472: A Great Timor state. However, there is no real evidence that the people of West Timor, most of whom are ethnically Atoni , the traditional enemy of the East Timorese, have any interest in such a union. Furthermore, the current government of East Timor recognizes the existing boundary. UTC+8 : UTC+9 : Ambon, Maluku Ambon (formerly Dutch : Amboina ) is the capital and largest city of

198-546: A 400-strong Dutch-Australian force and large numbers of Timorese volunteers engaged them in a one-year guerrilla campaign . After the allied evacuation in February 1943 the East Timorese continued fighting the Japanese, with comparatively little collaboration with the enemy taking place. This assistance cost the civilian population dearly: Japanese forces burned many villages and seized food supplies. The Japanese occupation resulted in

264-494: A CIA air raid damaged an Indonesian Army barracks next to a marketplace. On 30 April a CIA air raid hit the airstrip. On 7 May a CIA air raid attacked Ambon airstrip, seriously damaging a Douglas C-47 Skytrain and an Indonesian Air Force North American P-51 Mustang and setting fire to a number of fuel drums. On 8 May a CIA B-26 tried to bomb an Indonesian Navy gunboat in Ambon harbour. Its bomb missed but it then machine-gunned

330-588: A Portuguese attack was justified, because previously a resident of Kisar had killed a Portuguese. The captain of the Dutch ship, Yan de Klein, did not object to the invitation. In subsequent developments, the Dutch flag flew in Kisar which caused the Portuguese to abandon their intention to attack Kisar. Finally, the ship's passengers settled in Kisar (Mestiezen), in fact, Yan Klein married a woman from Kisar. The Dutchman first built

396-657: A fifth regency – Malaka – was in 2012 formed from the southern half of Belu Regency. Note that the administrative area has shrunk as Rote Ndao Regency (Rote and Ndoa islands to the southwest) and Sabu Raijua Regency (the Savu Islands further west) were split off in 2002 and 2009 respectively from Kupang Regency. The island accounts for 35.5% of the provincial population. East Timor is divided into thirteen municipalities, which in turn are subdivided into 65 administrative posts, 442 sucos (villages), and 2,225 aldeias (hamlets). Timor and its offshore islands such as Atauro ,

462-480: A former place of exile increasingly known for its beaches and coral , as well as Jaco along with Wetar and the other Barat Daya Islands to the northeast constitute the Timor and Wetar deciduous forests ecoregion . The natural vegetation was tropical dry broadleaf forests with an undergrowth of shrubs and grasses supporting a rich wildlife . However much of the original forest has been cleared for farming, especially on

528-469: A government official in nearby East-Timor, when part of Indonesia. There he met his wife Maria Antonette Ribeiru. Regarding the entry of the Dutch into South Daya Island (PSD), Maluku, community leaders in Kisar, S.D. Mozes, said from the various information he obtained. It is said that the entry of the Dutch into Kisar began with the story of the ancestors of the Kisar people, Perlakuloho. took his sick sister for treatment to Belagar, Pantar, Alor. However, on

594-528: A military command post, a fuel dump and a Royal Dutch Shell complex. The attack on Shell was deliberate: the CIA had orders to hit foreign commercial interests in order to drive foreign trade away from Indonesia and undermine its economy. The next day, the same CIA pilot bombed Shell interests at Balikpapan in East Kalimantan on Borneo , which persuaded Shell to suspend tanker services from there. On 28 April

660-438: A number of endemic species such as the distinctive Timor shrew and Timor rat . The northern common cuscus , a marsupial of Australasian origin occurs as well, but is thought to be introduced. The island have a great number of birds, mainly of Asian origin with some of Australasian origin. There is a total of 250 species of which twenty four are endemic, due to the relative isolation of Timor, including five threatened species;

726-473: A unique natural experiment spanning over two centuries and is considered an essential academic work in the area of human heredity. Timor Timor ( Portuguese : Ilha de Timor , Tetum : Illa Timór , Indonesian : Pulau Timor ) is an island at the southern end of Maritime Southeast Asia , in the north of the Timor Sea . The island is divided between the sovereign states of East Timor in

SECTION 10

#1733085519443

792-482: Is 98% Catholic and 1% Protestant. Islam and animism make up most of the remainder at about 5% each across the island. Timor is located north of Australia and Oceania , and is one of the easternmost Sunda Islands . Together with Sumba , Babar and associated smaller islands, Timor forms the southern outer archipelago of the Lesser Sunda Islands with the inner islands of Flores , Alor and Wetar to

858-431: Is November with total precipitation of 114 mm (4.5 in), while the wettest month is June with total precipitation of 638 mm (25.1 in). As it is located near the equator, the temperature throughout the year is constant. The hottest month is December, with an average temperature of 27.2 °C (81.0 °F), while the coolest month is July, with an average temperature 25.0 °C (77.0 °F). The city

924-675: Is divided into five districts ( kecamatan ), tabulated below with their areas and their 2010 Census and 2020 Census populations, together with the official estimates as at mid 2023. The table also includes the locations of the district administrative centres, the number of administrative villages in each district (totaling 20 urban kelurahan , 20 negari and 10 rural desa ), and its post codes. Notes: (a) comprising 8 kelurahan and 5 negeri . (b) comprising 10 kelurahan , 3 negeri and one desa . (c) comprising 1 kelurahan , 2 negeri and 4 desa . (d) comprising 1 kelurahan , 2 negeri and 5 desa . (e) all negeri . Like other regions in

990-514: Is noted for its sandalwood. Later on, in the 14th-century Javanese Nagarakretagama , Canto 14, Timur is identified as an island within Majapahit 's realm. Timor was incorporated into ancient Javanese , Chinese and Indian trading networks of the 14th century as an exporter of aromatic sandalwood , slaves , honey and wax , and was settled by both the Portuguese , in the end of the 16th century, and

1056-473: Is the local Atoni language spoken throughout Kupang , South Central Timur and North Central Timur Regencies. Indonesian, a standardized dialect of Malay, is also widely spoken and understood in East Timor. Christianity is the dominant religion throughout the island of Timor, at about 90% of the population. However, it is unequally distributed as West Timor is 58% Protestant and 37% Catholic, and East Timor

1122-568: The Diocese of Amboina . Ambon Island was the site of a major Dutch naval base and was of strategic importance during WW2. In 1941, Dutch forces with the assistance of Australian forces reinforced Ambon in anticipation of a Japanese attack. Japanese forces attacked Ambon as part of their attack on the Dutch East Indies . Despite formidable defenses, Ambon fell when its defenders surrendered after four days of fighting on 3 February 1942. Following

1188-734: The Dutch , based in Kupang, in the mid-17th century. As the nearest island with a European settlement at the time, Timor was the destination of William Bligh and seamen loyal to him following the infamous Mutiny on the Bounty in 1789. It was also where survivors of the wrecked HMS  Pandora , sent to arrest the Bounty mutineers, landed in 1791 after that ship sank in the Great Barrier Reef . The island has been politically divided in two parts for centuries. The Dutch and Portuguese fought for control of

1254-692: The Indonesian province of Maluku . This city is also known as Ambon Manise , which means "beautiful" or "pretty" Ambon in the Ambonese language . It covers a land area of 359.45 km , and had a population of 331,254 at the 2010 Census and 347,288 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2023 was 354,052. The city is divided into five administrative districts ( kecamatan ) – namely Nusaniwe, Sirimau, Teluk Ambon (Ambon Bay), Baguala (officially Teluk Ambon Baguala) and Leitimur Selatan (South Leitimur). Known as Indonesia's music city , Ambon became

1320-568: The exclave of Oecussi-Ambeno in West Timor. Although Portugal was neutral during World War II , in December 1941, Portuguese Timor was occupied by Australian and Dutch forces, which were expecting a Japanese invasion. This Australian military intervention dragged Portuguese Timor into the Pacific War but it also slowed the Japanese expansion. When the Japanese did occupy Timor, in February 1942,

1386-572: The slaty cuckoo-dove , Wetar ground dove , Timor green pigeon , Timor imperial pigeon , and iris lorikeet . Saltwater crocodiles are found in the wetlands whereas reticulated pythons can be found in forests and grasslands of Timor. However, the population sizes and status are unknown. Frog species in Timor include Duttaphrynus melanostictus , Hoplobatrachus tigerinus , Limnonectes timorensis , Litoria everetti , and Polypedates leucomystax . A new species of microlyhid frog belonging to

SECTION 20

#1733085519443

1452-507: The ( Maluku Islands ), areas in Ambon are still considered to have the status of states, led by kings and queens. Nusanive District consists of the western part of the Leitimur Peninsula. The eight urban kelurahan form part of the built-up area of Ambon city in the centre of the north shore of that peninsula, while the eight negeri ( desa ) consist of the more rural areas to the west and south of that core. Three of these negeri have

1518-405: The 2020 Census, this had reached 348,288 people, and the official estimate was 354,052 as at mid 2023. In 2010, the religious breakdown in Ambon was 60.78% Christians (with 58.37% being Protestants and 2.41% Catholics), 39.02% Muslims and 3% others. Economic growth rate of Ambon City in 2014 was 5.96%. Gross Domestic Regional Product in 2014 both at current market price and at constant market price

1584-637: The Australian continental margin thrust on top of Australian continental shelf deposits. Timor is well known for its structural complexity. Debate continues about the nature of deformation of continental crust. Some researchers advocate shallow thin-skinned deformation, while others favor shallow thin-skinned with some basement deformation. Timor also has potential for significant petroleum development. Onshore and offshore exploration efforts have been attempted with varying success. Timor host dozens of natural oil and gas seeps with most exploration concentrated on

1650-710: The B-26 but Pope and his Indonesian radio operator survived and were captured. Pope's capture immediately exposed the level of CIA support for the Permesta rebellion. Embarrassed, the Eisenhower administration quickly ended CIA support for Permesta and withdrew its agents and remaining aircraft from the conflict. As part of the transmigration program in the 1980s, the Suharto government relocated many migrants, most of them Muslim, from densely overpopulated Java. Between 1999 and 2002, Ambon

1716-598: The City of Delftshaven in the Old City and the City of Vollenhove on Nama Beach, Kisar. This can be proven by the existence of Dutch heritage forts in both cities. Kisar has a small airport, near Purpura village on the north side of the island, with flights to Ambon , Moa (one of the Leti Islands ) and Kupang . Passenger ships connect Kisar to Ambon, Kupang, and other nearby islands, and there are speed boats to Ambon and Moa. In 1928

1782-570: The Dutch VOC built a military base and named the island after the Kisar word for white sand. From the European outpost on Kisar a relatively large Indo Eurasian community developed named the 'Mestizo from Kisar' to this day their descendants live as Rajas and chiefs on Kisar. Surviving family names include: Frans, Parera, Joostenz, Wouthuysen, Caffin, Lerrick, Peelman, Lander, Ruff, Bellmin-Belder, Coenradi, van Delsen, Schilling and Bakker. In 1795 Kisar

1848-540: The German Professor E. Rodenwaldt published his study "Die Mestizen auf Kisar", "Mikroskopische Beobachtungen an den Haaren der Kisaresen und Kisarbastarde" . His work is published in two German language volumes, one volume details measurements and photographs of the observed Mestizos. It contains a family tree showing the very complicated inter-marriages between the descendants of Mestizo families, as well as indicating skin, eye, and hair colour heredity. The study shows

1914-518: The Indonesian archipelago. Although lexical evidence is lacking, the non-Austronesian languages of Timor are thought to be related to languages spoken on Halmahera and in Western New Guinea . Some are so mixed that it is difficult to tell which family they descend from. The official languages of East Timor are Tetum and Portuguese , while in West Timor it is Indonesian , although Uab Meto

1980-601: The Timor Sea, coffee growing and tourism. Timor is an aerially exposed portion of the Banda Forearc formed by collision of Eurasian oceanic crust and continental crust of the Australian plate . This is a unique convergent margin where a thick continental margin is forced under thinner oceanic crust. The result is a large accretionary wedge of imbricated thrust sheets composed of Cretaceous and Tertiary distal material of

2046-627: The Victoria Fort (APRMS main base) were heavily damaged during the confrontation. In April and May 1958 during the Permesta rebellion in North Sulawesi , the USA supported and supplied the rebels. Pilots from a Taiwan -based CIA front organisation , Civil Air Transport , flying CIA B-26 Invader aircraft, repeatedly bombed and machine-gunned targets in and around Ambon. On 27 April a CIA raid set fire to

Kisar - Misplaced Pages Continue

2112-576: The barracks compound but bounced and exploded near an ice factory. The B-26 in the May air raids was flown by a CAT pilot called Allen Pope . On 18 May Pope attacked Ambon again. First he raided the airstrip again, destroying the C-47 and P-51 that he had damaged on 7 May. Then he flew west of the city and tried to attack one of a pair of troop ships being escorted by the Indonesian Navy. Indonesian forces shot down

2178-533: The battle, Japanese forces committed numerous acts of atrocities, including the execution of over 300 Dutch and Australian POWs at Laha airfield. In 1950 Ambon was the center of an uprising against Indonesian rule, caused by the self-proclaimed Republic of the South Moluccas . Indonesian troops invaded the city during the Invasion of Ambon and reasserted control in just a few months. Many important buildings such as

2244-513: The boat, wounding two crew. The Indonesian National Armed Forces reinforced Ambon City's anti-aircraft defences with a number of 12.7 mm (0.5 in) machine guns. On 9 May a CIA B-26 attacked the city again. The machine-gunners returned fire and an Indonesian Air Force P-51 Mustang chased the B-26, but it escaped. On 15 May a CIA B-26 attacked a small ship, the Naiko , in Ambon Bay. The Naiko

2310-399: The coast. These uplifted terraces represent former coral reefs that have been thrust from the sea due to the active tectonics of the region. Those terraces are also gently warped. An uplift rate of the island of approximately 0.5 mm/yr over the past several hundred thousand years has been calculated by obtaining ages of coral samples from the terraces. The rocks exposed in the interior of

2376-458: The coasts of Timor and on the smaller islands like Atauro. Apart from one large block in the centre of Timor only patches remain. This ecoregion is part of the Wallacea area with a mixture of plants and animals of Asian and Australasian origin; it lies in the western part of Wallacea, in which Asian species predominate. Many trees are deciduous or partly deciduous, dropping their leaves during

2442-506: The constant price in Ambon City grew by 1.7 percent. GDP per capita of Ambon City in 2014 is 25.16 Million (U $ 1,836.43). The poverty rate in the city of Ambon is 4.42% which is the smallest percentage of poverty in the province of Maluku. All twenty one economic sectors in 2014 saw positive growth for GDRP of Ambon. For GDRP at current market price, the highest contribution was provided by the electricity and gas Sector with 34.2 percent, while

2508-456: The deaths of 40,000–70,000 Timorese. Following the military coup in Portugal in 1974 the Portuguese began to withdraw from Timor. The subsequent internal unrest and fear of the communist Fretilin party led to an invasion by Indonesia , who opposed the concept of an independent East Timor. In 1975, East Timor was annexed by Indonesia and became known as Timor Timur or 'Tim-Tim' for short. It

2574-579: The dry season, there are also evergreen and thorn trees in the woodland. Typical trees of the lowland slopes include Sterculia foetida , Calophyllum teysmannii and Aleurites moluccanus . During the Pleistocene epoch , Timor was the abode of extinct giant monitor lizards similar to the Komodo dragon . Like Flores , Sumba and Sulawesi , Timor was also once a habitat of extinct dwarf stegodonts , relatives of elephants . Fauna of today includes

2640-621: The eastern end of the Lesser Sunda Islands . Mainland Australia is less than 500 km away, separated by the Timor Sea. Anthropologists identify eleven distinct ethno-linguistic groups in Timor. The largest are the Atoni of western Timor and the Tetum of central and eastern Timor. Most indigenous Timorese languages belong to the Timor–Babar branch of the Austronesian languages spoken throughout

2706-400: The eastern part and Indonesia in the western part. The Indonesian part, known as West Timor , constitutes part of the province of East Nusa Tenggara . Within West Timor lies an exclave of East Timor called Oecusse District . The island covers an area of 30,777 square kilometres (11,883 square miles). The name is a variant of timur , Malay for "east"; it is so called because it lies at

Kisar - Misplaced Pages Continue

2772-579: The first city in Southeast Asia to be recognised as the UNESCO City of Music in 2019. The city is populated by a mix of ethnic Alifuru (original Moluccans ), Javanese , Balinese , Butonese , Bugis , Makassar , Papuan , Minahasa , Minang , Flobamora (Flores, Sumba, Alor and Timor ethnics) and those of foreign descent (Chinese, Arabian-Ambonese, Spanish-Ambonese, German-Ambonese, Portuguese-Ambonese and Dutch-Ambonese). Between 1999 and 2002, there

2838-418: The genus Kaloula has also recently been discovered in Timor. Late Cretaceous fossils of marine vertebrates are known from East Timor deposits. These include mosasaurs such as Globidens timorensis , lamniforme sharks, coelacanths and the choristodere Champsosaurus . The earliest historical record about Timor island is the 13th-century Chinese Zhu Fan Zhi , where it is called Ti-wu and

2904-462: The island and the adjoining part of Leihitu. Teluk Ambon District consists entirely of a portion of Leihitu (and thus not including any part of the Leitimur Peninsula), and faces the core area of the city across Ambon Bay. Leitimur Selatan District consists of the southeastern and eastern parts of the Leitimur Peninsula. Based on the 2010 census, the city was populated by 331,254 people; in

2970-483: The island are primarily composed of low to medium-grade metamorphosed sedimentary rocks, with scattered amphibolites . The metasedimentary rocks are quartz-rich and the amphibolites represent mafic igneous intrusions. Age analyses of detrital minerals, petrology , and geochemistry all indicate that the island belongs geologically with the other islands of the Outer Banda Arc . This series of islands formed when

3036-407: The island until it was divided by treaty in 1859, but they still did not formally resolve the matter of the boundary until 1912. West Timor , was known as Dutch Timor until 1949 when it became Indonesian Timor , a part of the nation of Indonesia which was formed from the old Netherlands East Indies ; while East Timor was known as Portuguese Timor , a Portuguese colony until 1975. It includes

3102-400: The lowest was human health and Social Work activities with 6.61 percent. The literacy rate was 99.63% in 2010. However, the school enrollment rate in Ambon City was only 73% in 2010, whereas the national average was 96%. In 2011, the enrollment rates in Ambon City were 98.72% in the primary education level, 95% in junior high, 78% in high school, and 45% in college or university. Currently,

3168-587: The most mature parts of the Banda Range, which stretches from Sumba to Seram. Mutis is the highest mountain in West Timor and Ramelau is the highest mountain in Timor Leste. The largest towns on the island are the provincial capital of Kupang in West Timor, Indonesia and the Portuguese colonial towns of Dili the capital, and Baucau in East Timor. Poor roads make transport to inland areas difficult, especially in East Timor. Sources of revenue include gas and oil in

3234-645: The north end of the Island where oil seeps are prevalent. Carbon rich shales from the island have been found with TOC up to 23%. Such shales buried deep in the subsurface could act as high-quality source rocks . Jurassic marine shoreface and turbidite sands of the Plover and Militia Formations are proven reservoirs in the North Australian Shelf. Over pressured Upper Jurassic silt and mudstones shales may also provide adequate seals for hydrocarbons. Research focusing on

3300-502: The north, and beyond them Sulawesi . Timor is the principal island of the Outer Banda Arc , which is being uplifted by arc-continent collision with the Australian continent . Timor consists mostly of rocks from the Australian continental margin that are accreted to the Banda Arc. It occupies a forearc position in front of the active volcanic arc that forms the islands in the Flores region to

3366-682: The north. The orientation of the main axis of the island also differs from its neighbors. These features have been explained as the result of being on the northern edge of the Indo-Australian Plate as it meets the Eurasian Plate and pushes into Southeast Asia . The climate includes a long dry season (April-November) with hot winds blowing over from Australia. Rivers on the island include the North and South Laclo Rivers in East Timor. The mountains, which reach up to nearly 3000m elevation are one of

SECTION 50

#1733085519443

3432-522: The northern edge of the Australian continent was upthrust in collision with southeast Asia. These islands are paralleled by the Inner Banda Arc , a series of active and extinct volcanic islands, including neighboring Wetar. The islands in the Banda Arc are arranged in a distinct horseshoe shape and represent a young, emerging mountain belt. Thus, Kisar represents one peak of a new mountain range rising from

3498-511: The offer of autonomy within Indonesia. The UN then temporarily governed East Timor until it became independent as Timor-Leste in 2002 under the presidency of Falintil leader Xanana Gusmão . Political strife continued, as the new nation coped with poverty. Nevertheless, the UN presence was much reduced. A group of people on the Indonesian side of Timor have been reported active since 2001 trying to establish

3564-536: The old Dutch East India Company. There were also, besides the Dutch , some Arabs , Chinese and a few Portuguese settlers. Ambon was a center of Christian missionary activity, and Ambon and the surrounding islands have many Christians as well as the Muslims that predominate in most of Indonesia. On 22 December 1902, the Apostolic Prefecture of Dutch New Guinea was established in the city, later to be promoted as

3630-399: The same names as kelurahan in the core. Sirimau District consists of the north-central part of the Leitimur Peninsula, and thus equates roughly to the core of the Ambon city built-up area. Teluk Ambon Baguala District (usually shortened to Baguala District) consists of the northeastern part of the Leitimur Peninsula, together with the isthmus connecting it to the main (Leihitu) portion of

3696-410: The sea. The Timor Monitor (Varanus timorensis) is found in Kisar. The Kisar language (a trade language, also known as Meher or Yotowawa) and the unrelated Oirata language (closely related to Fataluku ) are spoken on Kisar. The island was inhabited long before the colonial period. Cave paintings dating back 2,500 years have been found in Kisar after a wide-scale archaeological work. In 1665

3762-567: The structure of deformed basement rocks provides insight into possible onshore and offshore structural and stratigraphic traps for future petroleum development. West Timor is part of the East Nusa Tenggara province. It was formerly split into the City of Kupang (a kabupaten or regency-level administrative area) and four regencies (kabupaten); from west to east these are: Kupang , Timor Tengah Selatan (South Central Timor), Timor Tengah Utara (North Central Timor) and Belu . However,

3828-467: The unitary Indonesian state. The current and 12th Raja (king) of Kisar, Johannes J. Bakker, succeeded his father Raja Hairmere Philipus Zacharias Bakker. The first Raja Cornelis Bakker, who also ruled Wetar, Roma and Leti island via his brothers, was crowned ca. 1665. Nowadays the Raja is respected as a traditional dignitary, but has no political power. The present Raja is well educated and for 5 years worked as

3894-400: The way back to Kisar, precisely between Wetar and Kisar islands, Perlakuloho got a boat which turned out to be carrying a Dutch citizen known as Yan de Klein who was having water difficulties to continue his journey. Therefore, Perlakuloho helped the Dutch and took them to Kisar, with the hope that the Dutch on the ship could help them, should there be an attack from the Portuguese. The fear of

3960-420: Was social unrest motivated by racial intolerance. Ambon was colonized by Portugal in 1526 and originally named Nossa Senhora de Anunciada , founded by Portuguese-Moluccan Governor Sancho de Vasconcelos . The Portuguese were driven out by the Dutch in 1605. Except for brief periods of British rule, the island remained under Dutch control until Indonesia's independence in 1945. During the Dutch period, Ambon

4026-490: Was a merchant ship that the Indonesian Government had pressed into military service, and she was bringing a company of Ambonese troops home from East Java . A CIA bomb hit the Naiko ' s engine room, killing one crew member and 16 infantrymen and setting the ship on fire. The B-26 then attacked Ambon city, aiming for the barracks. Its first bomb missed and exploded in a market-place next door. The next landed in

SECTION 60

#1733085519443

4092-475: Was at the centre of sectarian conflict across the Maluku Islands . There was further religious violence in 2011. Most of the land area can be classified as hilly to steeply sloping, while 17% of the land area can be classified as more flat or shallow-sloped. Ambon experiences a tropical rainforest climate ( Af ) according to Köppen Climate Classification as there is no real dry season. The driest month

4158-436: Was increasing gradually. The increase, if compared to 2013 GDRP at current market price equal to 12.76 percent and 5.96 percent for GDRP at constant market price. The GDRP at current market price in Ambon 2014 was equal to Rp.9.9 trillion, whereas for GDRP at constant 2010 market price, it was equal to Rp.7.77 trillion. In 2014, the gross domestic product per capita of Ambon based on current prices grew by 8.3 percent, while for

4224-518: Was regarded by Indonesia as the country's 27th province, but this was never recognised by the United Nations (UN) or Portugal . The people of East Timor, through Falintil the military wing of Fretilin, resisted 35,000 Indonesian troops in a prolonged guerrilla campaign, but the whole island remained under Indonesian control until a referendum held in 1999 under a UN-sponsored agreement between Indonesia and Portugal in which its people rejected

4290-500: Was the seat of the Dutch resident and military commander of the Maluku Islands . The town was protected by Fort Victoria, and the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica characterized it as "a clean little town with wide streets, well planted". The population was divided into two classes, orang burger (citizens) and orang negri (villagers), the former being a class of native origin enjoying certain privileges conferred on their ancestors by

4356-428: Was under British rule, in 1803 it was under Dutch/French rule and in 1810 again under English rule. In 1817 Kisar was returned to the Dutch until the outpost was abandoned in 1819. After that time Kisar upheld close ties with their Portuguese, Topasses and Timorese neighbours on Timor. After WWII and Indonesia's independence the island was temporarily considered part of the segregated RMS , but ultimately became part of

#442557