Kharbaga is a two-player abstract strategy game from North Africa . In a way, it is a miniature version of Zamma ; however, there are more diagonal lines per square on the board as compared to Zamma. The game is considered part of the Zamma family. The game is also similar to Alquerque and draughts . The board is essentially an Alquerque board with twice the number of diagonal lines or segments allowing for greater freedom of movement. The initial setup is also similar to Alquerque, where every space on the board is filled with each player's pieces except for the middle point of the board. Moreover, each player's pieces are also set up on each player's half of the board. The game specifically resembles draughts in that pieces must move in the forward directions until they are crowned " Mullah " (or "Sultan") which is the equivalent of the King in draughts. The Mullah can move in any direction.
12-485: It is unknown how old the game is; however, the idea that pieces must move forward until they are crowned Mullah is a feature thought to have been developed and borrowed from draughts which came into being only in the 17th century. This is, however, open to debate. Two similar games are played by the Hopi native American Indians of Arizona, US, which may suggest a historical connection with Kharbaga, and Alquerque in general. One of
24-425: A piece to capture an adjacent enemy piece by leaping over it, as in draughts and Alquerque, and landing on a vacant point immediately beyond. A player can leap an enemy piece from any direction. The leap must be in a straight line and follow the pattern on the board. 6. It is uncertain if captures are compulsory, and whether multiple leaps and captures are allowed since no source specifically mentions it. 7. When
36-408: A row or column of squares on one end of the board becomes empty during the course of the game, pieces can no longer be played in that row or column of squares. It is uncertain, however, if the points on the line between the rows or columns of squares can be played upon when one of the rows or columns is empty and unplayable 8. As the game progresses, another row or column of squares on one end of
48-563: Is a two-player abstract strategy board game played by the Hopi native American Indians of Arizona , United States. The game was traditionally played on a slab of stone, and the board pattern etched on it. Tukvnanawopi resembles draughts and Alquerque . Each player attempts to capture each other's pieces by hopping over them. It is unknown how old the game is; however, the game was published as early as 1907 in Stewart Culin's book "Games of
60-591: Is played by the Keres native American tribe in New Mexico called Aiyawatstani . Lastly, the game is also similar to Kharbaga from Africa which may suggest a historical connection. The player who captures all of their opponent's pieces wins. A 4x4 square board is used. Left and right leaning diagonal lines run through each square. This accounts for 41 intersection points. Each player has 20 pieces called "pokmoita" which means animals. One set of 20 pieces may be black, and
72-512: The Hopi games is called tukvnanawopi . The board pattern, the number of pieces, and the initial setup are the same as in Kharbaga's. The only differences, and they are significant, is that in tukvnanawopi pieces can move in any direction at any time during the game (there is no need for promotion to Mullah or King as in Kharbaga), and also when a row of squares on one end of the board becomes empty during
84-633: The North American Indians Volume 2: Games of Skill". A similar game (with a similar name) also played by the Hopi is Tuknanavuhpi . The only difference is that in Tuknanavuhpi lines of intersection points become unplayable as opposed to rows or columns of squares in Tukvnanawopi when the game progresses. Rule #7 under the Game Play and Rules section elaborates on this. Another similar game
96-412: The beginning. 3. Players alternate their turns. A player may only use one of their own pieces to either move or capture. 4. On a player's turn, a piece may be moved in any direction along a line onto an adjacent intersection point that is vacant. In the beginning, the first player must bring a piece to the middle point as it is the only vacant intersection point. 5. Alternatively, a player may use
108-451: The board. The game is called Aiyawatstani or " chuck away grains ". The player who captures all their opponent's pieces is the winner. The board is a 5×5 square grid, or a 4×4 square board with pieces played on the intersections with left and right diagonal lines running through each square of the board. Each player has 20 pieces. One plays the black pieces, and the other player plays the white pieces. Tukvnanawopi Tûkvnanawöpi
120-415: The game progresses. Lastly, another native American Indian tribe called the Keres of New Mexico, US plays a game most similar to Kharbaga. The only difference is that pieces can move in any direction at any time during the game and each player has 22 pieces. It is uncertain how the game can be played this way since both players would yield 44 pieces total and there are only 41 intersection points that make up
132-405: The game, pieces can no longer be played in that row of squares. As the game progresses, more rows of squares become empty and unplayable, and the playing board continues to shrink. The other Hopi game which is also played throughout Mexico is called tuknanavuhpi . In this case, when a row of points on one end of the board becomes empty, it is no longer playable, and again the playing board shrinks as
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#1733085327627144-408: The other set of 20 pieces may be white. 1. Players decide who will start first, and which among them will play the black and white pieces. 2. Each player's 20 pieces are set up on their half of the board on the intersection points including the middle (5th.) rank specifically the two intersection points to the left of the middle point. The middle point is the only intersection point left vacant in
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