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29-488: The party was established at a meeting on 7 March 1914 as the East African Indian National Congress (EAINC), and initially aimed to represent Indian interests across British East Africa , although it largely focused on Kenya . It called for equality between Indians and Europeans , advocating for the inclusion of Indians on the same roll as Europeans in elections and that Asians be allowed to farm in

58-548: A direct possession of British Empire in 1895 had overprinted postal stamps from India and the former Imperial British East Africa Company issued. Along with this the territory was incorporated into the Universal Postal Union . By 1896, the first line of official stamps was issued, although the protectorate's postage service was short lived as in 1901 it was merged with the Protectorate of Uganda's mail service becoming

87-621: A grant of 1,300 square kilometres (500 sq mi), and this was followed by other applications for considerable areas, many of which came from prospective settlers in South Africa . In 1903, Joseph Chamberlain , then serving as Secretary of State for the Colonies , offered 13,000 square kilometres (5,000 sq mi) at Uasin Gishu in British East Africa to Zionist settlers as part of

116-684: A large number of new settlers arrived from England and South Africa, the Protectorate was transferred from the authority of the Foreign Office to that of the Colonial Office. The capital was shifted from Mombasa to Nairobi in 1905. A regular government and legislature were constituted by Order in Council in 1906. This constituted the administrator, known as a governor, and provided for legislative and executive councils. Lieutenant Colonel J. Hayes Sadler

145-545: A monopoly of land on unduly advantageous terms to the East Africa Syndicate. I have refused to execute these instructions, which I consider unjust and impolitic." Sir Donald William Stewart, the chief commissioner of Ashanti ( Ghana ), was announced as Sir Charles' successor on the day the telegram was sent. In 1914, the British government banned cannabis ("bhang") in the Protectorate. The protectorate upon becoming

174-592: Is the Central Highlands area, which covers most of the central-western parts of the state. Many of these areas are highly elevated alpine regions. The Ozarks cover nearly 120,000 square kilometres (46,000 sq mi), making it the most extensive highland region between the Appalachians and Rockies. This region contains some of the oldest rocks in North America. The spine of the mountains stretches across

203-487: The East Africa and Uganda protectorates issuing their first stamps in 1904. Highland Highlands or uplands are areas of high elevation such as a mountainous region, elevated mountainous plateau or high hills . Generally, upland refers to a range of hills, typically from 300 m (980 ft) up to 600 m (2,000 ft), while highland is usually reserved for ranges of low mountains . However,

232-653: The Imperial British East Africa Company being chartered in 1888 and given the original grant to administer the dependency. It administered about 240 kilometres (150 mi) of coastline stretching from the Jubba River via Mombasa to German East Africa which were leased from the Sultan. The British " sphere of influence ", agreed at the Berlin Conference of 1885, extended up the coast and inland across

261-610: The Maasai of their rights of pasturage, and the decision was made to entertain no more applications for large areas of land. In the process of carrying out this policy of colonisation a dispute arose between Sir Charles Eliot , Commissioner of British East Africa, and Lord Lansdowne , the British Foreign Secretary . The East Africa Syndicate had applied for and been pledged the lease of 1,300 square kilometres (500 sq mi) of land. Lansdowne, believing himself bound by

290-590: The Uganda Scheme . However, opposition to the scheme at the Sixth Zionist Congress led to the plan falling through and Chamberlain swiftly withdrew the offer. In April 1903, Major Frederick Russell Burnham , an American scout then serving as a director of the East African Syndicate, sent an expedition consisting of John Weston Brooke , John Charles Blick, Mr. Bittlebank and Mr. Brown, to assess

319-584: The United States (notably Western North Carolina ), highveld , used in South Africa and Roof of the World , used for Tibet . The central Afghan highlands are in the center of Afghanistan , mostly located between 2,000 and 3,000 m above sea level. They have a very cold winter, and a short and cool summer. These highlands have mountain pastures during summer ( sardsīr ), watered by many small streams and rivers. There are also pastures available during winter in

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348-666: The White Highlands . The EAINC encouraged Indian immigration to Kenya, and became involved in humanitarian work in the 1930s, providing aid to victims of disaster in India and other countries in the region. The party failed in an attempt to form an alliance with the Kenya African Union (KAU) in 1950, but the two combined to oppose plans by the Elector's Union to maintain European control of

377-652: The Indian Ocean inland to the border with Uganda in the west. Controlled by the United Kingdom in the late 19th century, it grew out of British commercial interests in the area in the 1880s and remained a protectorate until 1920 when it became the Colony of Kenya , save for an independent 16-kilometre-wide (10 mi) coastal strip that became the Kenya Protectorate. European Christian missionaries began settling in

406-1271: The Scottish Highlands and Britain's largest local government area. Other highland or upland areas reaching 400 m or higher in the United Kingdom include the Southern Uplands in Scotland, the Pennines , North York Moors , Dartmoor and Exmoor in England , and the Cambrian Mountains in Wales . Many countries and regions also have areas referred to as highlands . These include parts of Afghanistan , Tibet , Ethiopia , Canada , Kenya , Eritrea , Yemen , Ghana , Nigeria , Papua New Guinea , Syria , Turkey and Cantabria . Similar terms used in other countries include high country , used in New Zealand , New South Wales , Victoria , Tasmania and Southern Queensland in Australia , and parts of

435-523: The area from Mombasa to Mount Kilimanjaro in the 1840s, nominally under the protection of the Sultanate of Zanzibar . In 1886, the British government encouraged William Mackinnon , who already had an agreement with the Sultan and whose shipping company traded extensively in the African Great Lakes , to establish British influence in the region. He formed a British East Africa Association which led to

464-760: The colony. The organisation was renamed the Kenya Indian Congress (KIC) in 1952 after Indians in Tanganyika formed the Asian Association. In 1960 the Kenya Freedom Party (KFP) was formed by a group of Indians who believed that the KIC was not sufficiently supportive of independence. General elections the following year saw the KIC win three of the 53 elected seats in the Legislative Council with 1.2% of

493-629: The endemic vertebrates are restricted to this ecoregion. The highlands of Iceland cover about 40% of the country and are mostly inhospitable to humans. They are generally considered to be any land above 500 m. The mountainous natural region of the Thai highlands is found in Northern Thailand. The Cameron Highlands is a highland area and hill station in Northern Malaysia. Shillong in India in

522-401: The former protectorate was thereby constituted as the Colony of Kenya . The remaining 16-kilometre-wide (10 mi) coastal strip (with the exception of Witu ), remained a protectorate under an agreement with the Sultan of Zanzibar. That coastal strip, remaining under the sovereignty of the Sultan of Zanzibar, was constituted as the Protectorate of Kenya in 1920. The East Africa Protectorate

551-576: The future Kenya. Mombasa was the administrative centre at this time. However, the company began to fail, and on 1 July 1895, the British government proclaimed a protectorate , the administration being transferred to the Foreign Office . In 1902, administration was again transferred to the Colonial Office . In 1897 Hugh Cholmondeley , the pioneer of white settlement, arrived in the Kenya highlands, which

580-593: The island of New Guinea, forming the densely populated highlands of Papua New Guinea , and the Highland Papua , Indonesia . The Central Highlands of Sri Lanka are rain forests, where the elevation reaches 2,500 m (8,200 ft) above sea level. The Sri Lanka montane rain forests represent the montane and submontane moist forests above 1,000 m (3,300 ft) in the central highlands and in the Knuckles mountain range . Half of Sri Lanka's endemic flowering plants and 51 percent of

609-415: The mineral wealth of the region. The party, known as the "Four B.'s", travelled from Nairobi via Mount Elgon northwards to the western shores of Lake Rudolf , experiencing plenty of privations from want of water, and of the danger from encounters with the Maasai . With the arrival in 1903 of hundreds of prospective settlers, chiefly from South Africa, questions were raised concerning the preservation for

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638-563: The neighboring warm lowlands ( garmsīr ), which makes the region ideal for seasonal transhumance . The highlands in Australia are often above the elevation of 500 m. These areas often receive snowfall in winter. Most of the highlands lead up to large alpine or sub-alpine mountainous regions such as the Australian Alps , Snowy Mountains , Great Dividing Range , Northern Tablelands and Blue Mountains . The most mountainous region of Tasmania

667-569: The pledges, decided the applications should be approved. In a separate matter, two South African applicants who were each attempting to lease 130 square kilometres (50 sq mi) were declined by Lansdowne, and he refused Eliot permission to conclude the transactions. In view of this Eliot resigned his post, giving his reason in a public telegram to the Prime Minister , dated Mombasa , 21 June 1904, stating: "Lord Lansdowne ordered me to refuse grants of land to certain private persons while giving

696-525: The state of Meghalaya is a hill station that is surrounded by highlands. Officers of the British Raj referred to Shillong as "The Scotland of the East". Highland continents —or terrae —are areas of topographically unstable terrain , with high peaks and valleys. They resemble highlands on Earth , but the term is applied to much larger areas on other planets. They can be found on Mercury , Venus , Mars , and

725-589: The two terms are interchangeable and also include regions that are transitional between hilly and mountainous terrain. Probably the best-known area officially or unofficially referred to as highlands in the Anglosphere is the Scottish Highlands in northern Scotland , the mountainous region north and west of the Highland Boundary Fault . The Highland council area is a local government area in

754-473: The vote, whilst the KFP won two seats. At its annual meeting in 1962 the KIC opted to dissolve itself as a political party as it was "no longer desirable to function politically as an Asian organisation." British East Africa East Africa Protectorate (also known as British East Africa ) was a British protectorate in the African Great Lakes , occupying roughly the same area as present-day Kenya , from

783-809: Was bounded to the north by the Ethiopian Empire and the Huwan , a semi-independent vassal state of the Ethiopian Empire; to the east by the Italian Geledi, to the south by German East Africa; to the west by the Uganda Protectorate. In April 1902, the first application for land in British East Africa was made by the East Africa Syndicate – a company in which financiers belonging to the British South Africa Company were interested – which sought

812-518: Was the first governor and commander in chief. There were occasional troubles with local tribes, but the country was opened up by the government and the colonists with little bloodshed. After the First World War, more farmers arrived from England and South Africa, and by 1919 the European population was estimated at 9,000 settlers. On 23 July 1920, the inland areas of the protectorate were annexed as British dominions by Order in Council. That part of

841-576: Was then part of the Protectorate. Lord Delamere was impressed by the agricultural possibilities of the area. In 1902, the boundaries of the protectorate were extended to include what was previously the Eastern Province of Uganda . Also, in 1902, the East Africa Syndicate received a grant of 1,300 square kilometres (500 sq mi) to promote white settlement in the Highlands . Lord Delamere now commenced extensive farming operations, and in 1905, when

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