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29-603: Kentron is bordered by Ajapnyak and Malatia-Sebastia districts from the west, Shengavit and Erebuni districts from the south, Nor Nork District from the east and Arabkir and Kanaker-Zeytun districts from the north. Hrazdan River flows through the western part of the district. The word kentron literally means "centre" in Armenian , and has the same etymological root as the English word, ultimately from Ancient Greek κέντρον ( kéntron , "centre"). Its Western Armenian cognate

58-527: A 70 kilometres (43 mi) stretch of the river with a total installed capacity of 560 MW with mean annual energy generation of around 500 million kilowatt hours; it is the largest hydro-power generating scheme in Armenia. This scheme was implemented between 1930 and 1962. These are small- and medium-size projects built as run-of-the river power plants. The seven power stations are: Sevan HEP with installed capacity of 34.2 MW with two units completed in 1949;

87-525: A US$ 25 million loan from the Asian Development Bank . The river water is polluted by effluent flows from agricultural, commercial, industrial, and residential development, but particularly by the untreated wastewater from Yerevan. This affects the water quality in the river with dissolved oxygen (DO) levels (less than 5% of the saturated dissolved oxygen level) remaining much lower than the permissible limits. A study carried out in 2008 indicates that

116-460: A general plan was developed. The "General Plan of Yerevan" developed by the academic Alexander Tamanian , was approved in 1924. It was initially designed for a population of 150,000. The city was quickly transformed into a modern industrial metropolis of over one million people. New educational, scientific and cultural institutions were founded as well. Tamanian incorporated national traditions with contemporary urban construction. His design presented

145-559: A maximum of 43 millimetres (1.7 in) in May and a minimum of 8 millimetres (0.31 in) during August. The average temperature recorded in the basin varies from −3 °C (27 °F) in January to 26 °C (79 °F) in July with diurnal variation with the lowest night temperature of −15 °C (5 °F) in January and highest day temperature of 44 °C (111 °F) in July. The total flow in

174-461: A radial-circular arrangement that overlaid the existing city and incorporated much of its existing street plan. As a result, many historic buildings in the centre (modern-day Kentron district) of Yerevan were demolished, including churches, mosques, the Safavid fortress, baths, bazaars and caravanserais . Within the years, Kentron has become the most developed district of Yerevan, something that created

203-778: A significant gap compared with other districts in the city. Most of the educational, cultural and scientific institutions were centred in the Kentron district. It also became home to administrative buildings of Armenia, including the Presidential Palace , the National Assembly of Armenia , the Central Bank of Armenia , the National Security Service and most of the ministry buildings. Religious buildings and historical sites: Entertainment and recreation: Kentron district

232-550: Is Zangu , Zanga , Zangi , or Zengy . It was called Zanga in Tsarist Russian nomenclature. Lake Sevan (with 30 rivers contributing to its storage), the largest located in the central part of the country and the Hrazdan River which originates from it, together form the "Sevan-Hrazdan Management Area", which is one of the five sub-basins of the 14 sub-basins of Kura and Araks basins of Armenia. The river originates from

261-455: Is getron ( Armenian : կեդրոն ). The district is unofficially divided into smaller neighborhoods such as Kond , Noragyugh , Pokr Kentron, Nor Kilikia, Kozern and Aygestan . Kond and Noragyugh are among the 7 original neighbourhoods of old Yerevan. Parks: After Armenia fell under Soviet rule between 1920 and 1921, Yerevan became the first among the cities in the Soviet Union for which

290-752: Is a major river and the second largest in Armenia . It originates at the northwest extremity of Lake Sevan and flows south through the Kotayk Province and Armenia's capital, Yerevan ; the lake in turn is fed by several streams. In the Ararat plain it joins the Aras river along the border with Turkey . Its waters join the Kura river , before flowing into the Caspian Sea. A series of hydro-electric projects have been constructed on

319-639: Is located in Ajapnyak. In 1993, Monte Melkonian Military Academy of the Defence Ministry of Armenia was opened in the district, followed by the Tumo Center for Creative Technologies in 2011. Ajapnyak is home to the following sport schools: The Ararat Golf and Country Club is located at the Vahagni neighbourhood of Ajapnyak District. Hrazdan River The Hrazdan ( Armenian : Հրազդան գետ , Hrazdan get )

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348-412: Is served by a public transport network of buses and trolleybuses . Industrial plants: Educational institutions: Ajapnyak District 40°11′57″N 44°28′14″E  /  40.19917°N 44.47056°E  / 40.19917; 44.47056 Ajapnyak ( Armenian : Աջափնյակ վարչական շրջան , romanized :  Ajapnyak varch’akan shrjan ), is one of the 12 districts of Yerevan ,

377-481: The Gegham range. The lava surfaces represent environments that existed in the form of "lakes, river channels and floodplains". The chronology of landscape of the upper most layer of basalts indicates an age of 200,000 years. The river drains a total catchment area of 2,566 square kilometres (991 sq mi). Precipitation volume is 1572 million cubic metre from an annual rainfall of 257 millimetres (10.1 in) with

406-528: The 19th century, and from early 20th century hydro-power development has also been implemented. The lake waters were planned to be used through the river for irrigating 100,000 hectares (250,000 acres) in the Ararat Valley out of which an irrigation of 80,000 hectares (200,000 acres) was created. The hydro-power development was planned on the river as the Sevan–Hrazdan Cascade involving seven schemes in

435-669: The Hrazdan HEP of 81.6 MW with two units commissioned in 1959; the Argel HEP with installed capacity of 224 MW completed in 1953; the Arzni HEP with capacity of 70.6 MW with installation of 3 units commissioned in 1956; the Kanaker HEP with installed capacity of 100 MW with 6 units completed in 1936; the Yerevan-1 HEP commissioned in 1962 with installation of 44 MW with 2 units; and

464-455: The Yerevan-3 with capacity of 5 MW with one unit commissioned in 1960. However, priority of release of water from the lake is for irrigation and accordingly the power stations are operated. The civil works involved construction of diversion works, open canals or tunnels and power house which over the years were in need of substantial rehabilitation as they were all built around the middle of

493-401: The capital of Armenia . Located to the northwest of the city centre, Ajapnyak has common borders with the districts of Arabkir from the east, Davtashen from the north, Kentron from the southeast, and Malatia-Sebastia from the south. Hrazdan River forms the natural border of the district from the east. Ajapnyak has also common borders with the provinces of Armavir and Aragatsotn from

522-538: The core of the district. Other notable streets of the district are Kevork Chavush Street, Shiraz Street, Bashinjaghyan Street, Movses Silikyan Street and the Ashtarak Highway. Ajapnyak is separated from Kentron and Malatia-Sebastia by Leningradyan Street. Many parks in Ajapnyak were replenished in the 2010s, becoming major destinations for the citizens of Yerevan, such as Tumanyan Park , Buenos Aires Park and Freedom Fighters' ( Azatamartikneri ) Park. As of 2016,

551-1159: The district were opened in the 2000s. However, the Proshyan Brandy Factory founded in 1885, is operating in its current facilities in Ajapnyak since 1980. Many large industrial firms are currently operating in the district, such as Thermomex electronic devices plant founded in 1987, Karitas wood products plant founded 1995, Asa confectionery products plant founded in 1997, Waterlok Aparan mineral water factory founded in 2000, Prof Al aluminum structures plant founded in 2002, Biokat dairy factory founded in 2003, Profmet metal pipe plant founded in 2004, Aparan-Tan+ dairy and mineral water factory founded in 2004, Mega Shin metal and plastic structures plant founded in 2005, Elit Shant ice cream factory founded in 2007, Martin Star food manufacturing enterprise founded in 2007, Amelia mining company founded in 2008, Gary Plast factory founded in 2012, and Yerfrez factory for metal-cutting machines founded in 2016. Many other minor plants producing food products, clothes, electronic devices and building materials also operate in

580-720: The district. The district is home to the Armenia Republican Medical Centre, which is the largest hospital in Yerevan. As of 2016–17, the district has 20 public schools as well as 4 private schools, among them is the prominent QSI International School of Yerevan (opened in 1995). A vocational school also operates in the district. Many higher education institutes are operating in the district, such as Haybusak University of Yerevan (opened in 1990), and Yerevan Agricultural University (opened in 1992). The Yerevan Physics Institute scientific research centre founded in 1943,

609-459: The lake at an elevation of 1,900 metres (6,200 ft). The river which flows from the lake in a southern direction passes through a deep gorge as it enters on the western side of the Yerevan city, and then debauchees into the Aras River on the southern side of the city. The geological formations along the river course are made up of lava flows (existing as basalts) generated from three volcanoes in

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638-815: The population of the district is around 109,100. As of the 2022 census, the district had a population of 111,508, which is 10.27% of Yerevan city population and ranked 7th among the Yerevan districts. Ajapnyak is mainly populated by Armenians who belong to the Armenian Apostolic Church . However, as of 2017, the district does not have any church building within its borders. Ajapnyak is home to Mikayel Mirzoyan Music School opened in 1957, Avet Gabrielyan Art School opened in 1971, Maratuk Cultural Centre for Ethnographic Song and Dance opened in 1983, Anahit Tsitsikyan Music School opened in 1987, Zartonk Children's Aesthetic Education Centre opened in 1995, and Ajapnyak Aesthetic Education Centre opened in 2001. Being located on

667-519: The right bank of the Hrazdan river, the district secures its connection with central Yerevan through the Great Bridge of Hrazdan . Ajapnyak is served by a public transport network of buses and trolleybuses . Ajapnyak is mainly home to small retailers and service centres with a small industrial area at the eastern side of the district, on the border with Malatia-Sebastia. Most of the industrial plants of

696-542: The river is 733 million cubic meter. The regulated outflow into the river, which forms the Ararat Valley, is utilized for irrigation and hydro-power benefits. The fauna reported from the river includes 33 species of chironomids and 23 species of blackflies . The chironomids belong to five subfamilies of Tanypodinae , Diamesinae , Prodiamesinae , Orthocladiinae , and Chironominae . 25 species of invertebrates comprising two species of rotifers , 13 species of cladocerans and 10 species of copepods have been recorded in

725-487: The river. While the fish species contained in the lake consist of the Sevan trout ( Salmo ischchan ) or “Prince Fish,” siga, crucian, carp, crayfish, bojak ( Salmo ischchan danilewskii ) and winter bakhtak ( Salmo ischchan ischchan ) and summer bakhtak ( Salmo ischchan aestivalis ), the river is reported to have species of crayfish as well as karas and crayfish in abundance. The lake waters have been used for irrigation since

754-531: The river. Its waters are in demand to irrigate crops. The river is called Ildaruni in Urartian inscriptions. The name Hrazdan derives from a Middle Iranian form of Avestan Frazdānu , which in Zoroastrian mythology is the body of water by which Vishtaspa converted to Zoroastrianism. Frazdānu is composed of the elements fraz 'elevated, high' and dānu 'river'. Dānu derives from

783-607: The same Iranian root as a number of hydronyms in Europe, such as Don , Dnieper , Danube and Dniester . The change of word-initial fr- to hr- can be seen in a number of Iranian borrowings into Armenian. The Hrazdan is mentioned in Movses Khorenatsi's history. In the history attributed to Sebeos , the form Hurazdan is used, while some later Armenian historians use the form Hurastan . Its name in Turkic languages

812-580: The twentieth century. In 2003, the International Energy Corporation", a Closed Joint Stock Company, acquired the projects from the Public Services Regulatory Commission of the country under a license No. 0108 for generation of electrical energy. Right from the time of acquisition they started rehabilitating the projects to maximize power generation. The works were completed during 2004. The works were carried out under

841-559: The west, and Kotayk from the north. With an area of 25 km² (11.21% of Yerevan city area), Ajapnyak is the 4th-largest district of Yerevan in terms of area. Ajapnyak literally means 'right bank' in Armenian, which refers to the location of the district on the right bank of Hrazdan River . It is unofficially divided into smaller neighborhoods such as Ajapnyak, Norashen, Nazarbekyan, Silikyan , Lukashin , Vahagni, Anastasavan and Cheremushki. Kevork Chavush Square and Halabyan Street form

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