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32-583: On December 27, 1985, 15-year-old Charles "Beeb" Stevens was shot dead in a drive-by shooting while standing in Kelly Park, Compton. Following the shooting of Stevens, members of the Kelly Park Compton Crips planned to retaliate by killing a member of the Lueders Park Piru , whom they held responsible for the shooting. On December 29, 1985, former Lueders Park Piru member, 30-year-old Don Turner,

64-600: A 2018 episode of the Investigation Discovery documentary series Evil Lives Here to recount his lonely childhood. In 2019, he was featured on the VH1 docuseries Cartel Crew , which follows the descendants of drug lords. He also runs a clothing brand, Pure Blanco. According to Michael, his mother became a born-again Christian in her later years. On September 3, 2012, Blanco and her pregnant daughter-in-law went to

96-533: A Cadillac painted in Chicago police colors (police lights included) with armored rear windshield and a small hatch to fire machine guns with the car moving. During the Second Philadelphia Mafia War , two warring factions fought for control of the family; one led by former alleged boss, John Stanfa ; and the " Young Turks " led by up-and-coming gangster Joey Merlino . On 5 August 1993, Merlino survived

128-717: A cocaine smuggler for the Medellín Cartel . They set up a thriving drug operation in New York City. However, nine years later in April 1975, Blanco was identified by authorities and indicted on federal drug conspiracy charges, along with thirty of her subordinates. The family fled to Colombia to avoid conviction. She returned to the United States in the latter half of the 1970s to start a new drug operation in Miami . Her return coincided with

160-469: A drive-by shooting assassination attempt by two Stanfa gunmen, taking four bullets in the leg and buttocks, while his friend and associate Michael Ciancaglini was shot in the chest and killed. On 31 August 1993, a drive by shooting was performed on Stanfa and his son while they were driving on the Schuylkill Expressway . Stanfa escaped uninjured and his son survived being shot in the jaw. In 1992,

192-401: A gang-involved drive-by include intimidation, terrorisation, and assassination of rival street gang members. Such shootings are associated with gang violence in urban areas of the United States but also occur in other contexts. The tactic is also called simply a "drive-by". Motorcycle ride-by killings were a common form of murder used by drug lord Griselda Blanco during her years controlling

224-589: A joint operation between the Miami-Dade Police Department and the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) antidrug operation. On February 17, 1985, Blanco was arrested in her home by DEA agents and subsequently charged with conspiring to manufacture, import, and distribute cocaine. The case went to trial in federal court in New York City, where she was found guilty and sentenced to 15 years in prison. While serving her sentence, she

256-598: Is Carabiniere general Carlo Alberto dalla Chiesa , who was killed with an AK-47 in a drive by shooting in September 1982 in Palermo . One of the most striking episodes of a drive-by shooting in Italy was the Macerata shooting , conducted against six Africans by a far-right extremist, Luca Traini, using an Alfa Romeo 147 . However, the attack caused no deaths. In the first decade of

288-846: The Mexican Mafia prison gang announced an edict prohibiting Sureno gangs from committing drive-by shootings, in order to avoid police crackdowns throughout neighborhoods in southern California . Those who broke the edict were to be greenlighted for assault or even death in the California prison system. Numerous hip hop artists have been targeted in drive-bys; prominent rappers who were killed in such incidents include Tupac Shakur , The Notorious B.I.G. , Big L , and Mac Dre . Other rappers, such as Obie Trice and 50 Cent have survived being assaulted in drive-by shootings. In 2015, Jorja Leap, an UCLA anthropologist studying gang culture, pointed out how drive-by shooting tactics are being replaced by

320-431: The "walk-up shooting" method, because murders have become more targeted and while driving, there is low accuracy in aiming. In Italy , the circulation of firearms is low compared to that in the United States, and just over a million civilians own a firearm license, so face-to-face shooting or threats with firearms are rare. Drive-by shootings, on the other hand, are common, especially in professional criminal contexts, as

352-554: The 1970s through the early 2000s, and who has also been claimed by some to have been part of the Medellín Cartel . She was shot dead in Medellín on September 3, 2012 at the age of 69. Griselda Blanco Restrepo was born in Cartagena, Colombia , on the country's north coast. She and her mother, Ana Restrepo, moved south to Medellín when she was three years old; this exposed her to a criminal lifestyle at an impressionable age, as Medellín

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384-558: The 21st century, drive-by shootings were also used for assassinations by militants in Iraq , including that of Waldemar Milewicz and Hatem Kamil , and in Syria. [REDACTED] Media related to Drive-by shootings at Wikimedia Commons Griselda Blanco Griselda Blanco Restrepo (February 15, 1943 – September 3, 2012) was a Colombian drug lord who was prominent in the cocaine -based drug trade and underworld of Miami , during

416-466: The Lime Hood Piru. Following the implementation of the police substation, the number of criminal incidents in Kelly Park decreased significantly. Drive-by shooting A drive-by shooting is a type of assault that usually involves the perpetrator(s) firing a weapon from within a motor vehicle and then fleeing. Drive-by shootings allow the perpetrators to quickly strike their targets and flee

448-503: The Miami cocaine trade routes in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Blanco herself died by this method after having been shot twice in the head by a motorcyclist in a drive-by shooting in Medellín, Colombia . Drive-by shootings are also included in the Ku Klux Klan 's modus operandi . Chicago Prohibition -era gangster and North Side Gang boss Bugs Moran was considered a "pioneer" of

480-531: The US. According to the Miami New Times , "Michael's father and older siblings were all killed before he reached adulthood. His mother was in prison for most of his childhood and teenage years, and he was raised by his paternal grandmother and legal guardians." In 2012, Michael was put under house arrest after a sentencing on two felony counts of cocaine trafficking and conspiracy to traffic in cocaine. He appeared on

512-513: The United States and Colombia, earned $ 80   million per month. Blanco and her first husband, Carlos Trujillo, first started a marijuana -dealing enterprise in Colombia. In 1964, after divorcing Trujillo, Blanco illegally entered the United States with fake documentation, under an assumed name; she would end up settling in Queens , New York , with her three children and second husband, Alberto Bravo,

544-460: The age of 19, resorting to theft for survival in the city center until the age of 20. It is speculated that she may have engaged in prostitution to better support herself financially during this time, although she denied this. Blanco was a key figure in the establishment of the cocaine trade between Colombia and large North American cities like Miami and New York, as well as to dealers in California. Her distribution network, which spanned across

576-458: The beginning of numerous violent public conflicts—notably, hundreds of homicides per year—that plagued the Metro Miami area during the 1980s, a time known as the Miami drug war . This was a period when cocaine was extremely lucrative, and trafficked more than cannabis . The struggle by law enforcement to end the influx of cocaine into Miami led to the creation of CENTAC 26 (Central Tactical Unit),

608-408: The beginning of the 20th century. He combined horse and carriage with a machine gun in order to quickly assault targets then flee before they could properly react. It was called a Tachanka . Motor vehicles offer similar concealment for transport of weapons to crime scenes in situations like the 2015 San Bernardino attack , and can simultaneously serve as getaway vehicles . Using a vehicle allows

640-739: The drive-by shooting, with the Tommy gun being the weapon of choice. The notoriously vicious gang performed multiple shootings against their rivals, including the South Side gang led by Al Capone and the Genna brothers . Other Irish American gangs, such as the Saltis-McErlane Gang , the Sheldon Gang , and the Southside O'Donnell's , also executed drive-bys on one another in the Chicago area. Al Capone also had

672-402: The head. Blanco had her youngest son, Michael Corleone Blanco (named after the character Michael Corleone from the film The Godfather ) with her third husband, Darío Sepúlveda. Sepúlveda left her in 1983, returned to Colombia, and kidnapped Michael when he and Blanco disagreed over who would have custody. Blanco paid to have Sepúlveda assassinated in Colombia, and her son returned to her in

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704-519: The killing of Turner. Charges were dropped against Dennis Earl Reed, while 21-year-old Kenneth Brown handed himself to the police and was charged for his role in the killing of Turner. In July 1986, the Compton Police Department set up a police substation in Kelly Park due to the gang activity present in the area. The police prohibited people from wearing gang colors in Kelly Park, which included blue for Crips, red for Bloods, and green for

736-515: The scene before law enforcement is able to respond. A drive-by shooting's prerequisites include access to a vehicle and a gun. The protection, anonymity, sense of power, and ease of escape provided by the getaway vehicle lead some perpetrators to feel safe expressing their hostility toward others. The invention of the drive-by shooting is attributed to Nestor Makhno , commander of the Revolutionary Insurgent Army of Ukraine at

768-492: The shooter to approach the intended target without being noticed and then to speed away before anyone reacts. Besides gang -related attacks, drive-by shootings may result from road rage or personal disputes between neighbors, acquaintances, or strangers unrelated to gang membership. There is no national data on the volume of drive-by shootings. National statistical databases such as the Uniform Crime Reports record

800-457: The shooting outcome rather than the method. Non-gang-related drive-by shootings are not well researched, but journalistic accounts and police reports suggest that these constitute a significant proportion of the drive-by shootings to which police respond. Drive-by shootings that occur as an extreme form of road rage appear to be rather unpredictable in terms of the times and locations, but often occur in reaction to seemingly trivial events, although

832-480: The statistical incidence says that almost all assaults with firearms are carried out from cars, motorcycles , or scooters . These kinds of vehicles are used since they provide better mobility in the narrow city districts. From the 1970s into the 21st century, Cosa Nostra and the Camorra have both been known to perform drive-by shootings during clan or mafia wars, or to assassinate targets. One notable example of such,

864-403: The underlying motivation usually appears to be a series of unrelated stressors in the perpetrator's life. A drive-by shooting's prerequisites include access to a vehicle and a gun. Recent legislation has focused on transfer of guns rather than vehicles, so those who carry out drive-by shootings may use their own vehicle or one that has been borrowed, rented, or stolen. The primary motivations for

896-443: Was 21. Blanco and Trujillo divorced but remained business partners. After an argument over a business deal that went awry, Blanco had Trujillo executed. Following her marriage to Trujillo, Blanco married Alberto Bravo. After returning to Colombia, Blanco accused Bravo of stealing millions of dollars from the enterprise, and Bravo accused Blanco of letting her "Godmother" nickname go to her head. Blanco murdered Bravo by shooting him in

928-494: Was charged with three additional counts of first-degree murder by the state of Florida. The prosecution made a deal with one of Blanco's most trusted hitmen, Jorge Ayala , who agreed to testify that Blanco had ordered him to carry out the killings; however, the case collapsed due to technicalities relating to a phone sex scandal between Ayala and two female secretaries employed at the state attorney's office. In 1998, Blanco pleaded guilty to three counts of second-degree murder and

960-406: Was enduring years of its own socioeconomic, social and political troubles. Blanco's former lover, Charles Cosby, recounted that, at the age of 11, she allegedly kidnapped, attempted to ransom, and ultimately shot a child from an upscale neighborhood near her home. Blanco had become a pickpocket before she was a teenager. To escape the sexual abuse of her mother's boyfriend, she ran away from home at

992-494: Was sentenced to 20 years in prison, to run concurrently. In 2004, in light of her frail health, she was granted compassionate release from prison in the United States and deported back to Colombia. Blanco had three husbands and four children. She met her first husband Carlos Trujillo when she was 13 years old. She and Trujillo had three sons together in Medellín: Dixon, Uber, and Osvaldo. All three were born before Blanco

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1024-505: Was shot dead while standing in Lueders Park territory, apparently in random retaliation for the death of Stevens. Following these two murders, a task force of 43 police officers launched a sweeping raid in Kelly Park, Compton, arresting 18-year-old Eric Darnell Garrett and 24-year-old Dennis Earl Reed as suspects in the killing of Turner. This was followed by the arrest of two 15-year-olds and one 14-year-old for their suspected involvement in

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