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34-577: Kausala is a village and administrative center in Iitti municipality in Päijänne Tavastia , Finland . Kausala has a population of 3,775, which makes it the largest village of the municipality in terms of population. The significance of Kausala for the municipality is largely due to its central location along the highway , Finnish national road 12 (Vt12), and the Lahti–Kouvola railway passing through

68-766: A Place / Site ( Site in French), so the chef-lieu is literally the Chief-Place even at the lowest level. In the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan , the administrative centres are known as "chief towns" or nahias . Nahias may be in charge of a sub-district ( qda ), a district ( liwa ), or a governorate ( muhafazah ). Luxembourg is divided into two judicial arrondissements (Luxembourg City, Diekirch), four electoral circonscriptions (constituencies), twelve cantons , as well as 100 communes (municipalities; Luxembourgish: Gemengen ). Arrondissements, districts and cantons have each

102-667: A chef-lieu and are named after it. The same is true for each commune which is composed of more than one town or village. Usually (with a few exceptions), the commune is named after the communal chef-lieu. In Russia , several million-plus cities in federal districts have the official status of an administrative centre: Moscow (as the main city of the Central Federal District ), Vladivostok , Volgograd , Yekaterinburg , Nizhny Novgorod , Novosibirsk , Pyatigorsk , Rostov-on-Don and St. Petersburg . The main cities of regions and municipal districts are also called unofficially

136-567: A central city as chef-lieu of delegation . In the United Kingdom it is the centre of a local authority , which is distinct from a historic county with a county town. Noum%C3%A9a Nouméa ( French pronunciation: [numea] ) is the capital and largest city of the French special collectivity of New Caledonia and is also the largest francophone city in Oceania . It

170-425: A formal place of administrative headquarters, titled the chef-lieu. The larger portion of the terminology of administrative division is inherited from colonial rule as part of French West Africa , and has survived and been somewhat modified over time. In both nations there have been remarkably parallel histories. With the decentralization process begun in both nations in the 1990s, the chef-lieu has transitioned from

204-423: A settlement in the vicinity was British trader James Paddon in 1851. Eager to assert control of the island, the French established a settlement nearby three years later in 1854, moving from Balade in the north of the island . This settlement was initially called Port-de-France and was renamed Nouméa in 1866. The area served first as a penal colony , later as a centre for the exportation of the nickel and gold that

238-506: Is a term commonly ascribed to the settlement that serves as a municipal administrative centre. This level handles the local administrative and political tasks of the surrounding settlements. Since central place theory was the guiding principle during the municipal reform 1962–1977, most municipalities were dominated by a larger urban area where the political seat was located. Most municipalities are named for their central locality, but there are several exceptions. There are many deviations from

272-464: Is a town or city that is important from an administrative perspective. The capital of an Algerian province is called a chef-lieu . The capital of a district , the next largest division, is also called a chef-lieu , whilst the capital of the lowest division, the municipalities , is called agglomération de chef-lieu (chef-lieu agglomeration ) and is abbreviated as A.C.L. The chef-lieu in Belgium

306-478: Is in the south-west Pacific Ocean. Neighbourhoods of Nouméa include: Nouméa features a tropical savanna climate ( Köppen : Aw ) with hot summers and warm winters. Temperatures are warmer in the months of January, February and March with average highs hovering around 30 degrees Celsius and cooler during the months of July and August where average high temperatures are around 23 degrees Celsius. The capital's dry season months are September and October. The rest of

340-471: Is not currently a major tourist destination, Nouméa has experienced a construction boom in the 21st century. The installation of amenities has kept pace and the municipality boasts a public works programme. The mayor of Noumea is Sonia Lagarde ; in 2020 her re-election was opposed by the former leader of the Confederation of Small and Medium Enterprises (CPME), Cherifa Linossier , whose unsuccessful campaign

374-483: Is situated on a peninsula in the south of New Caledonia's main island, Grande Terre , and is home to the majority of the island's European, Polynesian ( Wallisians , Futunians , Tahitians ), Indonesian , and Vietnamese populations, as well as many Melanesians , Ni-Vanuatu and Kanaks who work in one of the South Pacific 's most industrialised cities. The city lies on a protected deepwater harbour that serves as

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408-428: Is the administrative centre of each of the ten provinces of Belgium . Three of these cities also give their name to their province ( Antwerp , Liège and Namur ). The chef-lieu of a département is known as the préfecture . This is the town or city where the prefect of the department (and all services under their control) are situated, in a building known as the prefecture . In every French region , one of

442-504: The sous-préfecture is the city or town where the sub-prefect of the arrondissement (and the services directly under their control) are situated, in a building called the sub-prefecture . The arrondissement where the département prefecture is located does not normally have a sub-prefect or sub-prefecture, the administration being devolved usually to the Secretary-general of the departmental prefecture , who functions as sub-prefect for

476-496: The Stockholm metropolitan area . The term central locality has no legal standing and it is unclear how it should be applied to these municipalities. Some municipalities appointing one or several localities to be the central locality. A residence city (Swedish: "residensstad") is the town or city which is the political and administrative seat of the county . This level handles the more regional political and administrative tasks of

510-502: The Västra Götaland Region . The term chef-lieu is applied to the capital of each Swiss canton . In 16 of the 26 cantons, the territory is subdivided into districts. Every district also has a location nominated as chef-lieu and each has a prefect. The term chef-lieu is used to designate the capital of each gouvernorat (department). Each of the 24 gouvernorats is subdivided into delegations (districts) which each have

544-562: The Greater Nouméa urban area: The places of birth of the 179,509 residents in the Greater Nouméa urban area at the 2014 census were the following: The self-reported ethnic communities of the 182,341 residents in the Greater Nouméa urban area at the 2019 census were as follows: At the 2009 census, 98.7% of the population in the Greater Nouméa urban area whose age was 15 years and older reported that they could speak French . 97.1% reported that they could also read and write it. Only 1.3% of

578-505: The United States after experiencing the relative friendliness of American soldiers and also with the names of several of the quarters in Nouméa. Districts such as "Receiving" and "Robinson", or even "Motor Pool", strike the anglophone ear strangely, until the historical context becomes clear. The city is situated on an irregular, hilly peninsula near the southeast end of New Caledonia, which

612-430: The administrative centre or simply the centre. The only exception to this rule is the republics , for which the term " capital " is used to refer to the seat of government. The capital of Russia is also an entity to which the term "administrative centre" does not apply. In Sweden there are two levels of administrative centre; the local municipal and the regional county . Central locality ( Swedish : "centralort")

646-404: The arrondissement. The chef-lieu of a canton is usually the biggest city or town within the canton, but has only a nominal role. No specific services are controlled by it. In past decades, there was always a Gendarmerie , a treasurer and a justice of the peace. The chef-lieu indicates the principal city of the provinces of New Caledonia. So Nouméa is the chef-lieu of South Province. But

680-450: The central locality principle. Some municipalities are dominated by two or more towns of similar size, and sometimes they share the municipal administration, with the municipality having its official address in one of the towns. For example, both Skillingaryd and Vaggeryd are central localities of Vaggeryd Municipality . Conversely, there are municipalities within metropolitan areas . For example, there are twenty-six municipalities within

714-557: The chef-lieu can also mean the principal area within a town. So Wé is part of the town of Lifou , but is the chef-lieu of Lifou. In the Loyalty Islands and the other islands, the name of the chef-lieu differs from that of the name of the town. For the towns of the mainland, the chef-lieu has the same name as the town. Nouméa is a town composed only of Nouméa. Many of the West African states which gained independence from France in

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748-477: The chief port for New Caledonia. At the September 2019 census, there were 182,341 inhabitants in the metropolitan area of Greater Nouméa ( French : agglomération du Grand Nouméa ), 94,285 of whom lived in the city ( commune ) of Nouméa proper. 67.2% of the population of New Caledonia lives in Greater Nouméa, which covers the communes of Nouméa, Le Mont-Dore , Dumbéa and Païta . The first European to establish

782-497: The county, such as healthcare and public transport . The name comes from that this is the town or city where the governor ( Swedish : "landshövding") have their residence . There are some exceptions to this, however. In the newer amalgamated "greater counties", often referred to as "regions", the administrative centre is placed in one of the older residence cities . Examples of this is Malmö in Region Scania and Gothenburg in

816-404: The departments has pre-eminence over the others, and the prefect carries the title of Prefect of region X..., Prefect of Department Z... and the city where the regional prefect is found is known as chef-lieu of the region or, more commonly, Regional prefecture . The services are, however, controlled by the prefecture of the department. The chef-lieu of an arrondissement , commonly known as

850-460: The highway, there is also a resting place Matkakeidas Kausala. This Southern Finland location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Administrative center In countries with French as administrative language (such as Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland and many African countries), a chef-lieu ( French pronunciation: [ʃɛfljø] , plural form chefs-lieux , literally 'chief place' or 'main place'),

884-616: The location of the Governor, Commandant, or Prefect and their staff, to the location of Commune, Cercles of Mali / Departments of Niger , and Regional Councils and a variety of decentralized bodies. The chefs-lieux of a Region, Cercle or Département, is usually also a Communal chef-lieu. Both nations collect these councils in a "High Council of Collectivites" seated at the nation's capital. Smaller sub-divisions in Mali's Communes (Villages, Tribal councils, Quarters) are administered from or identified as

918-454: The mid-20th century also inherited the French administrative structure of Departments and Communes, headed by a Chief-Lieu . States still using Chief-Lieu to identify the administrative headquarters of a government subdivision include Senegal , Burkina Faso , Benin , Mali , and Niger . Taking Niger and Mali as examples, the administrative subdivisions down to the Commune level each have

952-464: The population whose age was 15 years and older had no knowledge of French. At the same census, 20.8% of the population of the urban area 15 years and older reported that they could speak at least one of the Kanak languages . 4.3% reported that they could understand a Kanak language but not speak it. 74.9% of the population whose age was 15 years and older had no knowledge of any Kanak language. Although it

986-519: The village. The nearest lakes are Lake Leininselkä and Lake Urajärvi in the northern part of the village. There are several shops in Kausala, such as S-market and K-Market grocery stores , and Iitin Maatilatori, the municipality's own village store. The village also has three schools and three kindergartens , a library , an ice rink and a health center . In the western part of the village, along

1020-618: The war as the base for a new regional intergovernmental development organisation: the South Pacific Commission, later known as the Secretariat of the Pacific Community , and later still as the Pacific Community. The city maintains much of New Caledonia's unique mix of French and old Melanesian culture. Even today the United States wartime military influence lingers, both with the warmth that many New Caledonian people feel towards

1054-420: The year is noticeably wetter. Nouméa on average receives roughly 1,100 mm (43 in) of precipitation annually. The Greater Nouméa urban area (French: agglomération du Grand Nouméa ) had a total population of 182,341 inhabitants at the September 2019 census, 94,285 of whom lived in the commune of Nouméa proper. The Greater Nouméa urban area is made up of four communes: Average population growth of

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1088-442: Was based on local economic revitalisation. Aircalin , the international airline of New Caledonia, and Air Calédonie (Aircal), the domestic airline, have their headquarters in the city. Aircal's headquarters are on the grounds of Nouméa Magenta Airport , which serves local routes. Nouméa's international airport is La Tontouta International Airport , 50 kilometres (31 mi) from the city. The Nouméa-Païta railway , which

1122-627: Was mined nearby. From 1904 to 1940, Nouméa was linked to Dumbéa and Païta by the Nouméa-Païta railway , the only railway line that ever existed in New Caledonia. During World War II, the United States Navy built Naval Base Noumea and Nouméa served as the headquarters of the United States military in the South Pacific. The five-sided U.S. military headquarters complex was adopted after

1156-602: Was the only railway line that ever existed in New Caledonia, was closed in 1940. The University of New Caledonia (UNC) dates to 1987 when the Université française du Pacifique (French University of the Pacific) was created, with two centres, one in French Polynesia and the other in New Caledonia. In 1997 the decision was made to split the two parts into separate universities and so in 1999 the Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie and

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