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29-646: Karnafuli Group was established in 1954 by Hedayet Hossain Chowdhury. The group is named after the Karnaphuli River. Hedayet Hossain Chowdhury's grandson, Hamdan Hossain Chowdhury, is a director of the group. In 2014, the group signed an agreement to distribute and service Haojue motorcycles of China in Bangladesh. Karnaphuli Group, Metro Group , and Partex Star Group ( Partex Group ) founded Sky Telecommunication which launched Zelta mobiles in 2015. Karnaphuli Group

58-514: A liniment , as an aphrodisiac , and as bait for catfish . Poisoning of the water supply by industrial and agricultural chemicals may also have been a contributing factor towards population decline, as these chemicals are biomagnified in the bodies of the dolphins. An immediate danger in National Chambal Sanctuary is the decrease in river depth and appearance of sand bars dividing the river course into smaller segments. In 2017, it

87-631: A dead adult dolphin was found at the Sharda canal in the Pratapgarh district in India. A video circulated on social media showing a dozen men beating the dolphin with sticks and an axe. On 7 January 2021, three people were arrested. Similarly, there is another news story in which a few fishermen caught one Gangetic dolphin and feasted upon it, leading to their arrest by Kaushambhi police in Uttar Pradesh. The species

116-482: A distance of about 90 kilometers after which they would travel another 35 kilometers to reach Lunglei . The Government had awarded a contract to build a two lane Karnaphuli tunnel underneath the Karnaphuli river to China Communication Construction Company (CCCC). This is the first underwater tunnel in Bangladesh. CCCC received $ 706 million for its services with total costs expected to be over $ 1 billion. The river

145-427: A rounded belly which, combined with their rectangular dorsal fin, makes them look particularly stocky in build compared to other dolphins. Their flippers and tail flukes are large and broad. They have a large melon head used for echolocation , because they cannot see well. Their eyes are usually small due to the cloudy water. Ganges river dolphins are usually 2.2–2.6 meters long (7–8 ft). The oldest recorded animal

174-689: A single species. However, more recent studies of genes, divergence time, and skull structure support both being distinct species. The species has multiple common names throughout its range. It is known as susu as a popular name, soons, soans , or soos in Hindi , shushuk in Bengali , hiho or hihu in Assamese , bhagirath (as a reference to the character of the same name from Hindu mythology ), and shus or suongsu in Nepali . Its Sanskrit name in medieval times

203-409: Is a noteworthy seaside seaport city and monetary focus in southeastern Bangladesh. The Chittagong Metropolitan Area has a populace of more than 8.9 million, making it the second biggest city in Bangladesh. It is the capital of an eponymous locale and division. A water treatment plant has been set up by Chittagong Port Authority to source water from the Karnaphuli river for its uses. The plant will make

232-889: Is a species of freshwater dolphin classified in the family Platanistidae . It lives in the Ganges and related rivers of South Asia , namely in the countries of India , Nepal , and Bangladesh . It is related to the much smaller Indus river dolphin which lives in the Indus River in Pakistan and the Beas River of northwestern India. It is also known by the name susu (popular name) also hihu or huhu ( Assamese : শিশু, শুশুক ) in Assam and shushuk ( Bengali : শুশুক ) in West Bengal and Bangladesh . The Ganges river dolphin has been recognized by

261-622: Is disturbed by inland navigation and potentially threatened by seismic surveys, oil well blowouts, and the effects of climate change on hydrological dynamics. Human activity has played a large role in the reduction of its native range and population size due to stressors such as noise pollution, ship traffic and fishery bycatch, construction of dams and hydroelectric power plants. It is also endangered due to pollution and overfishing for oil. Entanglement in fishing nets as bycatch can cause significant damage to local populations, and individuals are taken each year by hunters; their oil and meat are used as

290-399: Is echoed off other fish and water species, allowing it to identify prey. The Ganges river dolphin does not have a specific mating season. When a calf is born, 8–12 months after conception, it stays with its mother for one year. The Ganges river dolphin finds food through echolocation and feeds on crustaceans such as prawns and fish including carp , mahseer , and even sharks such as

319-647: Is home to Ganges river dolphin , which is an endangered species. Hilsa used to be common in the river, but have nearly disappeared from the river due to pollution. The Kaptai Dam is the location of the Karnafuli Hydroelectric Power Station, constructed in Kaptai in 1962 and the only hydro-electric power plant in the country. An earth-filled dam on the Karnaphuli River, the Kaptai Dam created

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348-741: Is protected from international trade by its listing in Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora . This makes commercial international trade prohibited. Bangladesh has established six sanctuaries in the Sundarbans . On 20 May 2013, India's Ministry of Environment and Forests declared dolphins 'nonhuman persons' and as such has forbidden their captivity for entertainment purposes; keeping dolphins in captivity must satisfy certain legal prerequisites. On

377-690: Is the largest and most important river in Chittagong and the Chittagong Hill Tracts . It is a 667-metre (2,188 ft) wide river in the south-eastern part of Bangladesh . Originating from the Saithah village of Mamit district in Mizoram , India , it flows 270 kilometres (170 mi) southwest through Chattogram Hill Tracts and Chattogram into the Bay of Bengal . It is the fastest flowing river in Bangladesh, after

406-761: Is the only Bangladeshi group involved container shipping and owns 65 vessels. It operates Chittagong to Colombo and Chittagong to Singapore and Port Klang line. In 2016, the group's partner Hanjin Shipping Lines, a South Korean company, declared bankruptcy in Bangladesh. Shipping and logistics Media Healthcare Real estate Financials Telecommunication Trading Karnaphuli The Karnaphuli River ( Bengali : কর্ণফুলি Kôrnophuli ; also spelt Karnafuli and Khawthlangtuipui in Mizo , meaning "western river" and Borgang in Chakma , meaning "Big River")

435-480: The Ganges shark ( Glyphis gangeticus ). It also takes birds and turtles. The Ganges river dolphin has been listed as an Endangered species on the IUCN Red List since 1996. It is threatened by habitat fragmentation due to reduced dry-season river flows, entanglement in fishing gear and by-catch mortality, targeted hunting, pollution of rivers in proximity to urban areas and intensive agricultural landscapes; it

464-684: The Government of India as its National Aquatic Animal and is the official animal of the Indian city of Guwahati . Its first occurrence, within the Hooghly River , was documented by William Roxburgh . The Ganges river dolphin has a rectangular, ridgelike dorsal fin and females tend to be larger than males. Ganges river dolphins usually are tan, chocolate brown, dark grey or light blue. They have an elongated, slender snout with sharp and very pointed teeth, similar to most river dolphins. The river dolphin has

493-495: The Kaptai Lake , which acts as the water reservoir for the hydropower station. The power plant produces a total of 230 megawatts of electricity. When then east Pakistan built the dam, Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru didn't object even though it resulted in part of Indian side getting submerged and inflow of more than 40000 refugees. Like many rivers in Bangladesh, Karnaphuli is heavily polluted by agricultural runoff. Reducing

522-657: The Padma . It is said to "represent the drainage system of the whole south-western part of Mizoram." Principal tributaries include the Kawrpui River or Thega River, Tuichawng River and Phairuang River . A large hydroelectric power plant was built on the Karnaphuli in the Kaptai region in the 1960s. The mouth of the river hosts the Port of Chattogram , the largest and busiest seaport of Bangladesh. The presence of Arab traders and merchants in

551-505: The history of Chittagong led to many areas in Chittagong to have names of Arabic origin. The name of this river is thought to have come from qarnaful , the Arabic word for clove , and refers to an incident in which an Arab ship full of cloves sank in this river. Chittagong is situated on the banks of the Karnaphuli River between the Chittagong Hill Tracts and the Bay of Bengal . The city

580-595: The type specimen , caught near Calcutta in late 1797 and sent to the Hunterian Museum in London. It may have been destroyed during World War II, but castings were previously made of the rostrum and parts of the lower jaw, which survive at the Natural History Museum . Whether Lebeck or Roxburgh should be given credit has been debated over the centuries, but research by Kinze (2000) found that Lebeck's description

609-456: The amount of oxygen available and harming aquatic life in the river. In 2015, a train carrying oil crashed over a tributary of the river. The spill caused environmental degradation . 22°13′N 91°48′E  /  22.217°N 91.800°E  / 22.217; 91.800 Ganges river dolphin Platanista gangetica gangetica The Ganges river dolphin ( Platanista gangetica )

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638-573: The consistently heavily murky waters of its habitat and in clear water in captivity, suggesting it is capable of using echolocation effectively to navigate and forage for prey. Information is limited on how extensively vocalization is used between individuals. It is capable of performing whistles, but rarely does so, suggesting that the whistle is a spontaneous sound and not a form of communication. The Ganges river dolphin most typically makes echolocation sounds such as clicks, bursts, and twitters. Produced pulse trains are similar in wave form and frequency to

667-499: The echolocation patterns of the Amazon river dolphin . Both species regularly produce frequencies lower than 15 kHz and the maximum frequency is thought to fall between 15 and 60 kHz. Echolocation is also used for population counts by using acoustic surveying. This method is still being developed and is not heavily used due to cost and technical skill requirement. Given the dolphin's blindness, it produces an ultrasonic sound that

696-546: The first such protected area. The Uttar Pradesh government in India is propagating ancient Hindu texts in hopes of raising the community support to save the dolphins from disappearing. One of the lines being versed from Valimiki's Ramayana , highlighted the force by which the Ganges emerged from Shiva 's locks and along with this force came many species such as animals, fish, and the Shishumaar—the dolphin. On 31 December 2020,

725-500: The port self-reliant in its water needs. Tlabung is situated on the banks of the Karnaphuli River in Lunglei district , Mizoram . Karnaphuli River links Mizoram with the port cit of Chittagong on the shores of Bay of Bengal . British Troops and missionaries used this route to reach Mizoram during the Colonial days. It used to take 5 days to reach from Chittagong to Tlabung on a motorboat,

754-587: Was a 28-year-old male, 199 cm in length, although they are estimated to live up to 30 years old. The Ganges river dolphin split from the Indus river dolphin during the Pleistocene , around 550,000 years ago. The earliest fossil identified as belonging to the species is only 12,000 years old. The Ganges river dolphin was formally classified as Delphinus gangeticus two separate times in 1801, by Heinrich Julius Lebeck and William Roxburgh . They both likely used

783-661: Was estimated that the global Gangetic river dolphin population comprised less than 3,500 individuals. The underlying surveys are temporally patchy and believed to contain uncertainty. The Ministry of Environment and Forest declared the Gangetic dolphin the national aquatic animal of India. A stretch of the Ganges River between Sultanganj and Kahlgaon in Bihar has been declared a dolphin sanctuary and named Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Sanctuary ,

812-857: Was likely shishumar , and during the Mughal era , it was known as pani suar . It lives along the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna and Karnaphuli-Sangu river systems of Bangladesh and India, and the Sapta Koshi and Karnali Rivers in Nepal. The Ganges river dolphin favours deep pools, eddy countercurrents located downstream of the convergence of rivers and of sharp meanders, and upstream and downstream of midchannel islands. The Ganges river dolphins usually swim alone or in pairs, they are known to breach rarely and are shy around boats and therefore difficult to observe. This species shows object-avoidance behavior in both

841-481: Was published on the 24 August while Roxburgh's was likely published no earlier than September, thus giving Lebeck the priority . Elisha Gray coined the species name Platanista gangetica in 1835. This species and the Indus river dolphin, were initially classified as a single species, Platanista gangetica , but in the 1970s both were split into distinct species. However, in the 1990s, both species were again grouped as

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