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37-457: As the first trees in modern park were planted in 1806, it is considered a predecessor of all green areas in Belgrade. It is sometimes described as the oldest park in Belgrade, but the proper park was planted only in 1848. In 1979, Karađorđev Park was added to Historic Landmarks of Great Importance list, and it is protected by Republic of Serbia . Karađorđev Park is located on the southern slope of

74-511: A fierce rival of the former (and future) Karađorđević dynasty, this was seen as the kings attempt to reconcile two ruling families. Also, after creation of this one, numerous other memorial parks began to form throughout Serbia. Another dynastic change followed in 1903, when the Karađorđević dynasty was restored the Serbian throne. Originally outside of the urban core of Belgrade, there were plans for

111-463: A pair of narrow lateral wings. The five species in the genus Thuja are small to large evergreen trees with flattened branchlets . The leaves are arranged in flattened fan shaped groupings with resin-glands, and oppositely grouped in 4 ranks. The mature leaves are different from younger leaves, with those on larger branchlets having sharp, erect, free apices. The leaves on flattened lateral branchlets are crowded into appressed groups and scale-like and

148-582: A single plane. The leaves are scale-like and 1 to 10 mm (0.039 to 0.394 in) long, except young seedlings in their first year, which have needle-like leaves. The scale leaves are arranged in alternating decussate pairs in four rows along the twigs. The male cones are small, inconspicuous, and are located at the tips of the twigs. The female cones start out similarly inconspicuous, but grow to about 1 to 2 cm (0.39 to 0.79 in) long at maturity when 6–8 months old; they have 6-12 overlapping, thin, leathery scales, each scale bearing 1–2 small seeds with

185-635: Is a genus of coniferous tree or shrub in the Cupressaceae (cypress family). There are five species in the genus, two native to North America and three native to eastern Asia . The genus is monophyletic and sister to Thujopsis . Members are commonly known as arborvitaes (from the Latin term for 'tree of life'), thujas or cedars . Thuja are evergreen trees growing from 10 to 200 feet (3 to 61 metres) tall, with stringy-textured reddish-brown bark . The shoots are flat, with side shoots only in

222-587: Is also known in the Miocene beds of the Dakotas . T. plicata T. koraiensis T. sutchuenensis T. occidentalis T. standishii The five extant species are: Species formerly placed in Thuja include: and many more The extant species Thuja sutchuenensis was believed to be extinct until 1999, when a small population was discovered in southeast China. Thuja species are used as food plants by

259-414: Is hypothesized to be the result of reticulate evolution and hybridization within the genus. They are widely grown as ornamental trees , and extensively used for hedges . A number of cultivars are grown and used in landscapes. Homeowners will sometimes plant them as privacy trees. The cultivar 'Green Giant' is popular as a very vigorous hedging plant, growing up to 80 cm/year when young. The wood

296-411: Is light, soft and aromatic. It can be easily split and resists decay. The wood has been used for many applications from making chests that repel moths to shingles. Thuja poles are also often used to make fence posts and rails. The wood of Thuja plicata is commonly used for guitar sound boards . Its combination of light weight and resistance to decay has also led to T. plicata being widely used for

333-632: Is one of the busiest parts of Belgrade with very dense traffic as the Boulevard of Liberation is one of the major routes to downtown Belgrade. Area is mostly non-residential, with public buildings (the Faculty of the veterinarian medicine of the University of Belgrade , many clinics of the Belgrade Clinical Center, Children University Hospital, Belgrade Meteorological Station , etc.). The predecessor to

370-1630: The Central Register , 582 of which are categorized as being "of great importance" (512 cultural monuments, 25 archaeological sites, 17 historic landmarks and 28 spatial cultural-historical units). address Gospodar Jevremova St. no. 19 Višnjićeva St. no. 1 Republic Square Gospodar Jevremova St. no. 11 Lenjinova St. no. 48 Patrijarha Dimitrija St. no 34 Matije Gupca St. no. 17 Glavna St. no. 6 Lole Ribara St. no. 17 Knez Mihailova St. no. 33 Jelene Ćetković St. no. 5 Kraljevića Marka St. no. 12 Terazije St. no. 34 Džordža Vašingtona St. no. 19 Republic Square no. 1 Uzun Mirkova St. no. 14 Njegoševa St. no. 15 Kalemegdan Gračanička St. no. 10 Terazije St. no. 41 Terazije St. no. 39 7. jula St. no. 12 Kneza Miloša St. no. 103 Bežanijska kosa no. 18 Majevička St. no. 9 17. Oktobra St. no. 9 Karađorđeva St. no. 48 Kralja Milana St. no. 2 Masarikova St. no. 4 Terazije St. no. 28 Kosovska St. no. 47 Bulevar JNA St. Balkanska St. no. 1 Maršala Tita St. no. 184 Gajeva St. no. 15 Boljevački put Kumodraž Begaljica nn. Lipovački put 25 September 1967 (whole church) Crveni Krst Baba Zlatina St. Dušana Paskovića St. no. 28 Orlovića Pavla St. no. 28 Ive Lole Ribara St. no. 2 Braće Hadžića St. no. 1 Thuja Thuja ( / ˈ θj uː dʒ ə / THEW -jə )

407-616: The Law on Cultural Heritage of 1994 in order to be categorized as being "of great importance": According to the Law, there are four classes of Immovable Cultural Heritage: Cultural Monuments, Archaeological Sites, Historic Landmarks and Spatial Cultural-Historical Units. Objects in each of those classes can be categorized as being "of great importance" by the National Assembly. There are currently 2657 objects of immovable cultural heritage inscribed in

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444-635: The Monument to the Liberators of Belgrade was also erected. The 5.5 m (18 ft) tall memorial was one of the first public monuments in Belgrade. Out of the 50 original tombstones, 12 still survives. The patron of the monument was Aleksandar Karađorđević , the ruling prince of Serbia, and son of the First Serbian Uprising leader and the founder of the Karađorđević royal family, Karađorđe . After

481-452: The Union of Pioneers of Yugoslavia . After the 1960s, when the central pavilion with small pools was adapted for children's use, the park got its present appearance. In 1975 another monument was erected, dedicated to the victims of the 1941 bombing. In 1979 the park was declared a cultural monument. Neglected for a long time, Karađorđev Park went through massive reconstruction and beautification in

518-605: The larvae of some Lepidoptera species including autumnal moth , the engrailed and juniper pug . The foliage is also readily eaten by deer , and where deer population density is high, can adversely affect the growth of young trees and the establishment of seedlings. The genus Thuja has current populations in both North America and East Asia. T. plicata has wide distribution in the Pacific Northwest from Northern California to Alaska, reaching East into Idaho and central British Columbia. T. occidentalis has populations in

555-667: The Northeastern United States, reaching north into Ontario and Quebec, with some distribution as far south as Tennessee. T. standishii has populations in mountainous regions of Honshu and Shikoku islands in Japan, with no recorded population in the north of the country. T. koraiensis is native to both North and South Korea and has a small population in the Northern Chinese province of Jilin. The newly rediscovered species T. sutchuenensis has extremely limited distribution in

592-536: The Paleocene of Ellesmere Island in present-day Nunavut, Canada. Other hypotheses of Thuja origin involved an East Asian origin, with the genus migrating twice; once east into North-western America and then west to the North-eastern America, but since no reliable fossil records of Thuja exist in either Western Asia or Europe, the possibility can be eliminated. Thuja is a monophyletic genus that sits within

629-639: The Vračar hill, beginning at the Vračar plateau and the National Library of Serbia and ending at the highway interchange of Autokomanda . It is elongated in the north to south direction, bordered by the Boulevard of the Liberation on the west and the Nebojšina street on the east. Today, Karađorđev Park in the term of neighborhood covers larger area than the park itself. It is bordered by the neighborhoods of Vračar on

666-534: The central section of the park were also built. After the war, a monument to the International Brigades , dedicated to the fighters in the Spanish Civil War 1936-1939, was placed in the park in 1950. A small, pavilion-type ground floor house in the central part of the park, next to the swimming pools, was built in the 1950s, and in the 1960s, the venue was adapted into the children's cultural center by

703-576: The construction of bee hives. T. plicata is an important tree to the First Nations people of the Pacific Northwest and is sometimes called "Canoe Tree" because of its use as a material for Native American canoes. Oil of Thuja contains the terpene thujone which has been studied for its GABA receptor antagonizing effects, with potentially lethal properties. Cedarwood oil and cedar leaf oil, which are derived from Thuja occidentalis , have different properties and uses. The natives of Canada used

740-420: The early 2000s which completely rejuvenated the park, including new benches, children's playgrounds and candelabra . The idea at the time was to turn it into the first English type park in Belgrade, with added wall around the park, gates with porters and working hours, but after the failed bids for the job, the idea was put on hold. The central pavilion was abandoned, the pools were covered with earth in 2003 and

777-590: The enlargement of the park 1903-1904, in order to mark the centennial of the First Serbian Uprising, which broke out in 1804. The works began only in 1907, after king Peter I Karađorđević became also president of the Society for the Embellishment of the Monuments, Parks and Environment. The society leveled the park's terrain, created pathways, planted grass, lindens, chestnuts and decorative shrubs. The hedge, which encircled

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814-522: The flowers were planted. There was another, even smaller, green pavilion, at the plateau behind the house. It was used for selling food and beverages but was demolished later. In September 2019, it was announced that the house will be adapted into the " Momo Kapor Endowment". First plans for the Momo Kapor's pavilion were made public in March 2023. The pavilion will be preserved (330 m (3,600 sq ft)),

851-539: The genus and after which Thuja is named), distinct in its quadrangular foliage (not flattened) and cones with four thick, woody scales. The genus Thuja , like many other forms of conifers, is represented by ancestral forms in Cretaceous rocks of northern Europe, and with the advance of time is found to migrate from northerly to more southerly regions, until during the Pliocene period, when it disappeared from Europe. Thuja

888-593: The lateral pairs are keeled. With the exception of T. plicata , the lateral leaves are shorter than the facial leaves (Li et al. 2005). The solitary flowers are produced terminally. Pollen cones with 2-6 pairs of 2-4 pollen sacked sporophylls. Seed cones are ellipsoid, typically 9 to 14 mm (0.35 to 0.55 in) long, and mature and open the first year. The thin woody cone scales number from 4-6 pairs and are persistent and overlapping, with an oblong shape, they are also basifixed. The central 2-3 pairs of cone scales are fertile. The seed cones produce 1 to 3 seeds per scale,

925-595: The modern park was a camp set by the Serbian army in 1806 during the siege of Belgrade in the First Serbian Uprising . After the Serbs secured Belgrade, soldiers killed in the battle on the liberation day, 30 November 1806, were buried at this place. In 1806 the first trees were planted at the burial place, chestnut trees and black locusts . The burial site was arranged as the Insurgents Cemetery in 1848, when

962-486: The monument was erected, it was suggested that the park should be planted around it. City officials dismissed the idea, citing lack of necessary funds. One of the first avenues in Belgrade was planted along the Kragujevac Road (modern Liberation Boulevard), in 1848, from which the park developed in time. The planted seedlings were of chestnut trees, and the chestnut alley descending from the original one still survives in

999-515: The mountains of Chengkou county in southeastern China. Current research suggests that Thuja originated in the Americas and migrated to East Asia via the Bering land bridge in the Miocene . Fossil records show that Thuja was significantly more widely distributed during the late Cretaceous and early Tertiary than we see today. The oldest known Thuja fossil is of T. polaris (an extinct species) from

1036-540: The north, Neimar on the east and Autokomanda on the south, but the term spread on the area west and northwest of the park (former sections of Zapadni Vračar and Englezovac / Savinac , respectively), so basically all the area along the Boulevard of Liberation from Autokomanda to the Slavija square is today called Karađorđev Park. Across the northernmost top of the park to the west is another park, Park Milutin Milanković . It

1073-734: The order Pinales in the Cupressaceae. Thuja is in the Cupressoid clade and is sister to the genus Thujopsis . The sister relationship between Thuja and Thujopsis is supported with 100% bootstrap support and 1.0 posterior probability. Within the genus the taxonomy is in flux, but most recent research based on molecular analysis of plastomes in the genus Thuja showed evidence for a new grouping, with two sister clades: T. standishii and T. koraiensis together and T. occidentalis and T. sutchuenensis together, with T. plicata sister to T. occidentails and T. sutchuenensis. This newest grouping

1110-500: The park was also planted, while thujas were planted around the monument. This way, more or less, the present borders of the park were set. Also, during these works, an artificial hill with gazebo on its top was built. Plans were made to erect a Monument to the Third-Class Reservists in 1914, but due to the outbreak of World War I , the monument was erected on 29 July 1923. After the war, additional monuments were erected in

1147-467: The park. By 1887, the cemetery and monument became neglected. After ascending to the throne in 1889, king Alexander Obrenović ordered for the cemetery to be arranged. The remaining tombs were rearranged, the monument was renovated and the metal fence was placed around it, while the seedlings of black locust were planted in order to form the memorial park. As the king was coming from the Obrenović dynasty ,

Karađorđe's Park - Misplaced Pages Continue

1184-573: The park. Since the occupational Austro-Hungarian forces demolished the Karađorđe monument in Kalemegdan , in 1916, it was proposed after the war that new monument should be built in the park, close to the tombs of his comrades-in-arms. Also after the war, the park got its present name. The monument to Karađorđe was erected only in 1979, but it is located across the park. It is situated on the Vračar plateau , on

1221-423: The plateau in front of it will be paved with stone slabs in the color of pavilion's façade (792 m (8,530 sq ft)), and swimming pools will be revitalized as the "linear shallow decorative water surface" (133 m (1,430 sq ft)). The fountain will be added to the plateau complex, which will serve as an open air public cultural scene. On 23 October 2023, a monument to General Božidar Janković

1258-801: The second-highest level of state protection in the Republic of Serbia , behind the Immovable Cultural Heritage of Exceptional Importance . Immovable Cultural Heritage is classified as being of Great Importance upon decision by the National Assembly of Serbia . They are inscribed in the Central Register of Immovable cultural property maintained by the Institute for the Protection of Cultural Monuments of Serbia . Objects of Immovable cultural heritage have to fulfill one or more of those criteria defined in

1295-567: The seeds are lenticular in shape and equally 2 winged. Seedlings produce 2 cotyledons. A hybrid between T. standishi and T. plicata has been named as the cultivar Thuja 'Green Giant'. Another very distinct and only distantly related species, formerly treated as Thuja orientalis , is now treated in a genus of its own, as Platycladus orientalis . The closest relatives of Thuja are Thujopsis dolabrata , distinct in its thicker foliage and stouter cones, and Tetraclinis articulata ( Ancient Greek θυία or θύα , formerly classed in

1332-566: The top of the mound at the entry section of the path which leads to the Church of Saint Sava . Also during the Interbellum, a monument to Alphonse de Lamartine was erected. At the end of this period, an underground shelter was hastily built under the park. On the very first day of German attack , during the massive bombing of Belgrade on 6 April 1941 , the shelter was directly hit, killing almost 200 people in it. Three small, shallow swimming pools in

1369-566: Was dedicated in the park, close to the Monument to the Liberators of Belgrade. It marked the 120th anniversary of the Society of War Volunteers. The park covers an area of 2.52 hectares (6.2 acres). Monuments in the park include: Historic Landmarks of Great Importance (Serbia) Immovable Cultural Heritage of Great Importance ( Serbian : Непокретна културна добра од великог значаја / Nepokretna kulturna dobra od velikog značaja ) are those objects of Immovable cultural heritage that enjoy

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