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51-653: The Malay word Ubi refers to the tapioca plant. Malays used to grow small tapioca farms in the area. Kampong Ubi ( Jawi : كامڤوڠ اوبي) was a rather large village even for its time. The first settlements began at the junction of Jalan Ubi and Changi Road, and quickly expanded northwards to the areas designated as the Kampong Ubi subzone today. All the roads and side-lanes within the kampong were named after vegetables, e.g. Jalan Kobis ( cabbage ), Jalan Bayam ( spinach ), Jalan Tauge ( bean sprouts ) as these areas used to have many of these plants. These road names became expunged with

102-461: A budare to roast or toast. Thin and crisp cakes of casabe are often broken apart and eaten like crackers. Like bread, casabe can be eaten alone or with other dishes. Thicker casabe usually are eaten slightly moistened. A sprinkle of a few drops of liquid is enough to transform a dry casabe into soft, smooth bread. Tapioca pearls, also known as boba in East Asia, are produced by passing

153-477: A delicacy in Kerala. Another popular combination is mashed tapioca with dried salted sardines directly cooked on charcoal and green chili. Tapioca can be stored for extended periods by parboiling, drying it after skinning, and slicing it into 0.5 cm thick pieces. This is called unakka kappa (dried tapioca). Tapioca chips, thinly sliced tapioca wafers, similar to potato chips, are also extremely popular. In Tamil ,

204-564: A delicacy. The skin of the tapioca, which is not edible for humans, is kept aside to prepare food for domesticated pigs. In Assam , sabudana is also used as a substitute diet against boiled rice (bhaat) for the sick, elderly, or infirm for easy digestion and strength. It is known as "mangnokka" in Sri Lanka , as well as by its Sinhalese and Tamil names. It is generally eaten boiled with a chili onion mixture called "lunu miris sambol" (a type of salsa) or coconut sambal . Another popular cassava dish

255-576: A form of heat-moisture treatment, which can extend shelf life up to 2 years. Tapioca pearls have many unique properties that contribute to texture and mouth feel. Many of these physical properties are a result of its starch composition and are significantly affected by processing. Tapioca pearls are characteristically soft and chewy, with a prominent elastic texture and translucent appearance. In Colombia and Venezuela , arepas may be made with tapioca flour rather than cornmeal. Tapioca arepas probably predate cornmeal arepas; among traditional cultures of

306-405: A freshly broken root. All process water streams contain some amount of sulfur dioxide to control the growth of microbes. Dried starch provides a shelf-stable product. For example, uncooked, dried tapioca pearls have at least a 2-year shelf life stability, whereas freshly cooked pearls may last ten days in the refrigerator. This difference is accounted to the water activity difference between

357-466: A pint of water over it, and soaking it for three hours. The mixture is placed over low heat and simmered until quite clear. If too thick, a little boiling water can be added. It can be sweetened with white sugar, flavored with coconut milk or a little wine, and eaten alone or with cream. Krupuk , or traditional Indonesian crackers, is a significant use of tapioca starch in Indonesia . The most common krupuk

408-458: A place of worship. There are Chinese temples located along Arumugam Road and Paya Lebar Road within Kampong Ubi, like Sheng Hong Temple, Hong Hian Keng Temple, Kew Huang Keng Temple, Kim Hong Temple, Cheng Hong Siang Tng, Da Sheng Kong Temple, Sze Hock Keng Temple, Tien Sen Tua Temple and Fung Huo Yuan Temple. There are also two Chinese temples located at Ubi Road 4, Shi Niu Dong Temple and Sze Cheng Keng Temple. Teochew Temple & Funeral Parlour

459-407: A pulp which is again carefully washed, then shaken up with water. This causes the fecula to separate and pass through a very fine sieve, resulting in flour. The flour is repeatedly washed and then placed on mats to bleach via sun exposure and air. Different applications may be applied here to give rise to the popular and loved tapioca pearls in bubble tea beverages, also known as boba. The pearl tapioca

510-422: A tree branch or ceiling pole, and it has a closed bottom with a loop that is attached to a fixed stick or lever, which is used to stretch the sebucan. When the lever is pushed down, stretching the sebucan, the helical weaving pattern causes the strainer to squeeze the pulp inside. This is similar to the action of a Chinese finger trap . The pulp is spread in thin, round cakes about 2 feet (0.61 m) in diameter on

561-434: Is kerupuk kampung or kerupuk aci made of tapioca starch. The tapioca starch might be flavored with minced shrimp as krupuk udang ( prawn cracker ) or krupuk ikan ( fish cracker ). The thinly sliced or sometimes quite thick cassava was also sun-dried and deep fried to be made as kripik singkong crackers ( cassava chips or tapioca chips ). A variant of hot and spicy kripik singkong coated with sugar and chili pepper

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612-455: Is a curry cooked in coconut milk with a splash of turmeric. At the same time, it is popular to have tapioca pearls prepared as a delicacy. At one time, tapioca pearls were used to starch clothes by boiling tapioca pearls with the clothes. Spiced cassava chips are a popular snack usually sold by street vendors and street-side shops. Linamarin Linamarin is a cyanogenic glucoside found in

663-647: Is a staple food from which dishes such as pepper pot as well as alcohol are made. It may be used to clean the teeth, as a foodstuff cooked with meats or fish, and in desserts such as cassava pone. Specifically in rural Cuba early in Spanish rule, tapioca's popularity grew because it was easy to cultivate the crop and to transport it to nearby Spanish settlements, eventually influencing the way land and people were divided in that early imperial era. In various Asian countries, tapioca pearls are widely used in desserts and drinks including Taiwanese bubble tea . In Southeast Asia,

714-466: Is achieved by placing the flour in a cradle-shaped frame covered with canvas, where it's slightly moistened and rotated to be granulated. Finally, it is dried in the sun, then over the fire in a greased iron pan, and ready for the market. In South Asia, tapioca pearls are known as sagudana , sabudana or shabudana (pearl sago ) or sabba akki (in Kannada ). The pearls are used to make snacks. Sagudana

765-614: Is also made in Southern Brazil from tapioca pearls traditionally cooked with cinnamon and cloves in red wine, although other fruit flavors may be used. The cassava root is known by different names throughout the country: mandioca in the North, Central-West, and São Paulo; macaxeira in the Northeast; aipim in the Southeast and South. The fine-grained tapioca starch is called polvilho, and it

816-422: Is classified as either "sweet" or "sour." Sour polvilho is commonly used in dishes such as pão de queijo or " cheese bread ," in which the starch is mixed with a hard cheese, usually matured Minas cheese (could be substituted by Parmesan cheese ), eggs and butter and baked in the oven. The final result is an aromatic, chewy, and often crusty kind of bread that is ubiquitous across the country. Sweet polvilho

867-482: Is collected, and the microscopic starch grains in it are allowed to settle into the bottom of the container. The supernatant liquid is then poured off, leaving behind a wet starch sediment that needs to be dried and results in the fine-grained tapioca starch powder similar in appearance to corn starch . Commercially, the starch is processed into several forms: hot soluble powder, meal, pre-cooked fine or coarse flakes, rectangular sticks, and spherical "pearls." Pearls are

918-432: Is commonly used as a thickener for soups and other liquid foods. It is also used as a binder in pharmaceutical tablets and natural paints. The flour is used to make tender breads, cakes, biscuits, cookies, and other delicacies. Tapioca flakes are used to thicken the filling of pies made with fruits having a high water content. A typical recipe for tapioca jelly can be made by washing two tablespoonfuls of tapioca, pouring

969-482: Is commonly used in cookies or cakes. While frequently associated with tapioca pudding , a dessert in the United States, tapioca is also used in other courses. People on gluten-free diets can eat bread made with tapioca flour (however some tapioca flour has wheat added to it). Tapioca syrup is sometimes added as a sweetener to a wide variety of foods and beverages as an alternative to sucrose or corn syrup. Tapioca

1020-399: Is ground to a pulp with a small hand- or diesel-powered mill. This masa is then squeezed to dry it out. The wet masa is placed in a long woven tube called a tipiti . The top of the tube is secured while a large branch or lever is inserted into a loop at the bottom and used to stretch the entire implement vertically, squeezing a starch-rich liquid out through the weave and ends. This liquid

1071-473: Is known as kripik balado or keripik sanjay , a specialty of Bukittinggi city in West Sumatra. Cilok is a tapioca dumpling snack. Tapai is made by fermenting large blocks with a yeast-like bacteria culture to produce a sweet and slightly alcoholic dessert. Further fermentation releases more liquids and alcohol, producing Tuak , a sour alcoholic beverage. A variation of the chips popular amongst

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1122-458: Is located at Ubi Road 4. It is managed by Ngee Ann Kongsi , and catered for Teochew community and general public. Ubi MRT station on the Downtown Line serves the residents and industrial workers in the estate. It opened on 21 October 2017. Tapioca Tapioca ( / ˌ t æ p i ˈ oʊ k ə / ; Portuguese: [tapiˈɔkɐ] ) is a starch extracted from the tubers of

1173-581: Is low in protein , vitamins , and minerals . In other countries, it is used as a thickening agent in various manufactured foods. Tapioca is derived from the word tipi'óka , its name in the Tupi language spoken by natives when the Portuguese first arrived in the Northeast Region of Brazil around 1500. This Tupi word is translated as 'sediment' or 'coagulant' and refers to the curd-like starch sediment that

1224-434: Is obtained in the extraction process. The cassava plant is easily propagated by stem-cutting, grows well in low-nutrient soils, and can be harvested every two months, although it takes ten months to grow to full maturity. The cassava plant has either red or green branches with blue spindles on them. The root of the green-branched variant requires treatment to remove linamarin , a cyanogenic glycoside occurring naturally in

1275-406: Is rapidly excreted in the urine and the glucoside itself does not appear to be acutely toxic. Consumption of cassava products with low levels of linamarin is widespread in the low-land tropics. Ingestion of food prepared from insufficiently processed cassava roots with high linamarin levels has been associated with dietary toxicity, particularly with the upper motor neuron disease known as konzo to

1326-664: Is referred to as Tapioca in Indian English usage. Cassava is called kappa or maracheeni in Malayalam . It was introduced in 1880-1885 C.E. by the then Maharaja of Travancore , Vishakham Thirunal Rama Varma after a great famine hit the kingdom, as a substitute for rice. Tapioca is widely consumed across Kerala. It is taken as breakfast or as a staple food. It is boiled (after skinning and cutting it into large pieces of about 6–8 cm (2.4–3.1 in) long or into small 2 cm (0.79 in) cubes) in water till adequately cooked, and

1377-492: Is sometimes used in dessert dishes. Faluda, a popular food, is also prepared with curd, ice, and other ingredients during summer. Tapioca pearls are a common ingredient of traditional Indian dishes such as kheer . Tapioca pearls are used to make Sabudana khichdi , pakoda , paratha in Maharashtra , which is commonly eaten during vrat (fasting). Indians generally soak it overnight or 6-8 hours in before cooking. Cassava

1428-460: Is used for different types of meals. In beiju (or biju), also simply called "tapioca," the tapioca is moistened, strained through a sieve to become a coarse flour, then sprinkled onto a hot griddle or pan, where the heat makes the moist grains fuse into a flatbread which resembles a pancake or crepe . Then it may be buttered and eaten like toast (its most common use as a breakfast dish), or it may be filled with savory or sweet fillings, which define

1479-547: The African populations in which it was first described by Trolli and later through the research network initiated by Hans Rosling . However, the toxicity is believed to be induced by ingestion of acetone cyanohydrin , the breakdown product of linamarin. Dietary exposure to linamarin has also been reported as a risk factor in developing glucose intolerance and diabetes , although studies in experimental animals have been inconsistent in reproducing this effect and may indicate that

1530-476: The Housing and Development Board (HDB). The industrial estate has a high concentration of automotive related businesses with many major dealerships having their showrooms and workshops there. Other related businesses such as body-and-paint shops also have their workshops there, along with other small and medium-sized enterprises . A few factories of multi-national firms stand alongside purpose-built flatted-factories of

1581-552: The Jurong Town Corporation and other private developers. Currently, two schools are located in Ubi. They are Manjusri Secondary School and Maha Bodhi School. Two estates are currently located in Ubi, namely View@Ubi and Ubi Greenville. By last quarter of 2023, the new BTO estate by HDB called Ubi Grove was completed, on a plot of land next to Manjusri Secondary School. There is also a reserved plot of land along Ubi Road 3 for

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1632-616: The Malays is kerepek pedas , where the crisps are coated with a hot, sweet, and tangy chili and onion paste, or sambal , usually with fried anchovies and peanuts added. The cultivation of the plant is also extensively present in the Malay Peninsula, where in the hands of the Chinese, cassava tubers weighing from 4–13 kilograms (8.8–28.7 lb) are first scraped and then washed carefully. By being passed between rollers, they are reduced to

1683-506: The cassava plant ( Manihot esculenta, also known as manioc), a species native to the North and Northeast regions of Brazil , but whose use is now spread throughout South America . It is a perennial shrub adapted to the hot conditions of tropical lowlands. Cassava copes better with poor soils than many other food plants. Tapioca is a staple food for millions of people in tropical countries . It provides only carbohydrate food value, and

1734-485: The Caribbean, the name for them is casabe . Throughout both Spanish and Portuguese South America, the tapioca, or yuca, starch is used to make regional variations of the baked cheese bun , known locally as pandebono , pan de yuca , pão de queijo , chipá , or cuñapé , among other names. The whole, unprocessed cassava root also has several culinary uses throughout South America. In Brazilian cuisine , tapioca

1785-514: The cassava flour into tapioca pearls requires the intermediate step of a product called tapioca grit. Tapioca grit is dried cassava flour that is partially gelatinized so that it looks like flakes or irregularly-shaped granules. In contrast, making starch pearls uses a different process of roasting. To form the pearls, the tapioca grit can be cut or extruded into the shape of pearls, either small (3 millimeters (0.12 in)) or large (6–8 millimeters (0.24–0.31 in)). The pearls are subjected to

1836-452: The cassava root is commonly cut into slices, wedges or strips, fried, and served as tapioca chips , similar to potato chips , wedges or french fries . Another method is to boil large blocks until soft and serve them with grated coconut as a dessert, either slightly salted or sweetened, usually with palm sugar syrup. In Thailand, this dish is called mansampalang (มันสำปะหลัง). Commercially prepared tapioca has many uses. Tapioca powder

1887-499: The development of the area. Due to housing and industrial developments sometime in the late 80s, villages were resettled to nearby Bedok and Bedok Reservoir. Most of the Jalan Ubi main road was expunged, leaving a short lane in the Eunos area. Today, Ubi Estate is mainly an industrial area with only the south-eastern corner developed for residential use with about 50 blocks of flats built by

1938-424: The dried and wet product, the latter introducing a much more favorable condition for microbes to grow. Dried tapioca pearls are 11% water and 89% carbohydrates , with no protein or fat . In a 100-gram reference amount, dried tapioca supplies 358 calories and no or only trace amounts of dietary minerals and vitamins . A casabe is a thin flatbread made from bitter cassava root without leavening . It

1989-400: The kind of meal the tapioca is used for: breakfast/dinner or dessert. Choices for fillings range from butter, cheese, ham, bacon, vegetables, various kinds of meat , chocolate , fruits such as ground coconut, condensed milk , chocolate with slices of banana or strawberry , Nutella and cinnamon among others. This kind of tapioca dish is usually served warm. A regional dessert called sagu

2040-458: The leaves and roots of plants such as cassava , lima beans , and flax . It is a glucoside of acetone cyanohydrin . Upon exposure to enzymes and gut flora in the human intestine , linamarin and its methylated relative lotaustralin can decompose to the toxic chemical hydrogen cyanide ; hence food uses of plants that contain significant quantities of linamarin require extensive preparation and detoxification. Ingested and absorbed linamarin

2091-495: The moist starch through a sieve under pressure. Pearl tapioca is a common ingredient in Asian desserts such as falooda , kolak , sago soup , and in sweet drinks such as bubble tea , fruit slush and taho , where they provide a chewy contrast to the sweetness and smooth texture of the drink. Small pearls are preferred for use in puddings. Large pearls are preferred for use in drinks. These pearls most often are brown, not white, due to

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2142-570: The most common color applied to tapioca has been brown, but recently pastel colors have been available. Tapioca pearls are generally opaque when raw but become translucent when cooked in boiling water. Brazil, Thailand, and Nigeria are the world's largest cassava producers. Currently, Thailand accounts for about 60 percent of worldwide exports. When roots are sold to processing factories, they must be processed within 24 hours of harvest to ensure raw material freshness and prevent microflora growth. This would be observed as brown-black discolorations in

2193-405: The most widely available shape; sizes range from about 1 mm to 8 mm in diameter, with 2–3 mm being the most common. Flakes, sticks, and pearls must be soaked well before cooking to rehydrate, absorbing water up to twice their volume. After rehydration, tapioca products become leathery and swollen. Processed tapioca is usually white, but sticks and pearls may be colored. Traditionally,

2244-433: The plant, which otherwise may be converted into cyanide . Konzo (also called mantakassa) is a paralytic disease associated with several weeks of almost exclusive consumption of insufficiently processed bitter cassava. In Brazil's north and northeast, traditional community-based tapioca production is a byproduct of manioc flour production from cassava roots. In this process, the manioc (after treatment to remove toxicity)

2295-647: The primary effect is in aggravating existing conditions rather than inducing diabetes on its own. The generation of cyanide from linamarin is usually enzymatic and occurs when linamarin is exposed to linamarase , an enzyme normally expressed in the cell walls of cassava plants. Because the resulting cyanide derivatives are volatile, processing methods that induce such exposure are common traditional means of cassava preparation; foodstuffs are usually made from cassava after extended blanching , boiling , or fermentation . Food products made from cassava plants include garri (toasted cassava tubers ), porridge-like fufu ,

2346-500: The roots of tapioca are called maravalli kizhangu and are used to prepare chips. Tapioca pearls are referred to as "javvarisi" in Tamil. Most of the delicacies are cooked from this form of tapioca because it is easier to handle than the raw root itself. Tapioca is cultivated more in several districts, providing steady income to farmers in Tamil Nadu. Tapioca can be consumed raw (after removing

2397-535: The skins/outer cover) or boiled for various dishes or snacks. In Nagaland and Mizoram in Northeast India , tapioca is eaten as a snack. It is usually boiled with a bit of salt in water after skinning it, or snacks are made by drying the tapioca after cutting it. It is then powdered into flour and turned into dough to either make a fired or baked biscuit. In their local dialect, they call it kuri aloo , meaning "wood potato." All groups of society eat these chips as

2448-399: The starchy root of bitter cassava is ground to a pulp, then squeezed to expel a milky, bitter liquid called yare . This carries the poisonous substances with it out of the pulp. Traditionally, this squeezing is done in a sebucan , an 8 to 12-foot (3.7 m) long, tube-shaped, pressure strainer, woven in a characteristic helical pattern from palm leaves . The sebucan usually is hung from

2499-526: The sugar added and are traditionally used in black or green tea drinks. They are used as various colors in shave ice and hot drinks. In addition to their use in puddings and beverages, tapioca pearls may be used in cakes. The pearls are known as sābudānā in the Indian subcontinent ; they are used for sweet and savory dishes, such as sabudana khichri . In Brazil, the pearls are cooked with wine or other liquid to add flavor and are called sagu . Processing of

2550-441: The water is drained off. Once cooked, it can be mixed with grated coconut, chili, salt, turmeric, etc., then steamed and mashed into a dry pudding. If desired, this can be garnished with oil with mustard, onion, curry leaves, etc. Tapioca pieces (chendan kappa) are often eaten with simple chili sauce (a paste of green/red chili, shallots, garlic, salt, and oil). Mashed tapioca is paired with meat or fish curry, especially sardines, as

2601-529: Was originally produced by the indigenous Arawak and Carib peoples because these roots were a common plant of the rain forests where they lived. In eastern Venezuela , many indigenous groups still make casabe . It is their chief bread-like staple. Indigenous communities, such as the Ye-Kuana, Kari-Ña, Yanomami , Guarao or Warao descended from the Caribe or Arawac nations, still make casabe . To make casabe ,

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