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104-627: The depot was built at the site of a former Radio Television Malaysia (RTM) transmitter station. The depot houses a central maintenance facility with overhaul functions for trains on the MRT Kajang Line only. This is one of two yards serving the Kajang Line, the other being the Sungai Buloh yard , which is also shared with the MRT Putrajaya Line . Kajang Depot is also one of six yards in

208-529: A Charter of Justice was granted which mandated the establishment of a "Court of Judicature" composed of the Governor, a recorder and three councillors. The high court was inaugurated at Fort Cornwallis in the following year, with Edmond Stanley as recorder. With the establishment of the court, George Town became the first settlement in British Malaya to possess a modern judicial system. In 1826, George Town

312-457: A brain drain which left it without the expertise to regulate urban development and arrest its decline. In response, George Town's civil societies banded together and galvanised public support for the conservation of historic buildings, and to restore the city to its former glory. Following subsequent heritage conservation efforts, a portion of the city centre was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2008. Widespread resentment over

416-502: A city shall continue to be preserved and maintained and shall remain unimpaired by the merger hereby effected". George Town had benefitted from a real estate boom towards the end of the 20th century, but in 2001, the Rent Control Act was repealed, worsening the depopulation of the city's historical core and leaving colonial-era buildings in disrepair. The city also suffered from incoherent urban planning, poor traffic management and

520-617: A day instead of 10 hours in 1990. In January 1990, RTM was working on an agreement to supply news footage to CNN and One World Channel. It was later finalized. It would renew the contract with the former in July 1994 for another three years, allowing RTM to remove material not for local broadcast. As of 1990, RTM's television channels were being seen through the Palapa satellite, reaching viewers in Asean countries, Papua New Guinea and Australia. In 1990, RTM

624-729: A fortress before the outbreak of fighting, the British high command led by Lieutenant-General Arthur Percival decided to abandon the island and secretly evacuate George Town's European population, leaving the settlement's Asian residents undefended against the Japanese advance. According to historian Raymond Callahan, "the moral collapse of British rule in Southeast Asia came not at Singapore, but at Penang". The Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) seized George Town on 19 December without encountering any resistance. During Japanese occupation , George Town

728-524: A growth in the private sector. George Town's jurisdiction was expanded by the Malaysian federal government to encompass the entirety of Penang Island and the surrounding islets in 2015. This expansion resulted in an enlargement of the city government's manpower and responsibilities, as well as enhancing the regulation of heritage conservation. The jurisdiction of George Town covers an area of approximately 306 km (118 sq mi), encompassing

832-471: A major reshuffle which involves 23 of its senior officials as a preparation to be corporatized. In 1993, the prime time slots on TV1 and TV2 were extended to 11:30 pm in stages instead of 7 pm to 10 pm. In January 1993, RTM have generates revenue of RM257.4 million in total from radio and TV adverts throughout 1992. It also ruled that it would not prioritised international programming and focused on local content instead. George Town, Penang This

936-565: A non-European gentry and middle class, which in turn fostered nascent intellectual activities and political movements. George Town, according to historian Mary Turnbull , emerged as "a Mecca for Asian intellectuals", who perceived it to be more intellectually receptive than Singapore. The settlement was a centre for reformist newspapers, and attracted political and intellectual figures such as Rudyard Kipling , W. Somerset Maugham and Sun Yat-sen . However, political turmoil in Qing China and

1040-644: A population of 794,313 as of 2020 . Classified as a "Gamma −" city , the second highest in Malaysia after Kuala Lumpur , George Town is the commercial centre for northern Malaysia and one of the few high-income economies of the cities outside the Klang Valley . According to Euromonitor International and the Economist Intelligence Unit , George Town has the highest potential for revenue growth among all Malaysian cities and contributed nearly 8 per cent of

1144-582: A programme. In February 1984, RTM's television channels began to air a digital time display which appear at the bottom-left of the screen. RTM's news division was reorganised in 1984. It also had plans to give journalism training for its staff, sending them to the United States. In August, it also partnered with Filem Negara Malaysia and the Information Department to produced "short and easy-to-understand" documentaries on Government policies. RTM

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1248-870: A survey by the Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism . History of local broadcasting in Malaysia began in 1921 when an electrical engineer from the Johor Government, A.L. Birch, brought the first radio set into British Malaya . He then established the Johor Wireless Association in 1923 and commenced broadcasting through 300 meter waves. Similar associations were also established in Penang (Penang Wireless Association) in 1925 and in Kuala Lumpur (Malayan Wireless Association) in 1928. In 1930, Sir Earl from

1352-488: A system in 1792 whereby matters of justice were partially delegated to local leaders. This decision was ratified by Lieutenant-Governor George Leith in 1800. However, further legal disputes meant that under the directives of the Bengal Presidency , this system was replaced by a set of regulations in 1805, drafted by Leith and revised by John Dickens, the presidency's appointed judge and magistrate for Penang. In 1807,

1456-852: A tin mining boom in the Malay Peninsula , the Port of Penang became a leading exporter of tin. By the end of the 19th century, George Town emerged as the foremost financial centre of British Malaya, as mercantile firms and international banks were established. Throughout the century, George Town's population grew rapidly in tandem with economic prosperity. Between 1797 and 1830, an influx of immigrants from all over Asia quadrupled its population. A cosmopolitan population emerged, comprising Chinese , Malay , Indian , Peranakan , Siamese and migrants of mixed European-Asian lineage referred to as "Eurasians". The population growth also created social problems, such as inadequate health facilities and rampant crime, with

1560-428: A weekly local 30-minute drama anthology and began airing monthly local hour-long dramas. In December 1972, RTM planned the start of the colour TV transition 1975, starting with foreign programmes, local programmes in colour by 1978 when colour television is extended to Sabah and Sarawak and to have TV2 in colour by 1980. On 1 January 1974, RTM integrated with Filem Negara Malaysia to provide "more effective service to

1664-505: Is an accepted version of this page George Town is the capital of the Malaysian state of Penang . It is the core city of the George Town Conurbation , Malaysia's second largest metropolitan area with a population of 2.84 million and the second largest metropolitan economy in the country. The city proper spans an area of 306 km (118 sq mi) encompassing Penang Island and surrounding islets, and had

1768-466: Is produced by its news division. It also owns and operates Orkestra RTM (English: RTM Orchestra ), which was established in 1961 and touted as the oldest musical orchestra in Malaysia. Since its formation in 1946, RTM has played a prominent role in Malaysian life and culture. In 2019, RTM became the most trusted media organisation in Malaysia ahead of Astro Awani , TV3 and Malaysiakini , according to

1872-464: Is shaped by centuries of intermingling between various cultures and religions. It has also gained a reputation as Malaysia's gastronomical capital for its distinct culinary scene . The preservation of these cultures contributed to the designation of the city centre of George Town as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2008. George Town was named in honour of King George III , the ruler of Great Britain and Ireland between 1760 and 1820. Prior to

1976-457: Is situated. Over the centuries, the built-up area of George Town has expanded in three directions – along the island's northern coast, south down the eastern shoreline and towards Penang Hill to the west. The surrounding islets within George Town's jurisdiction are Jerejak , Andaman , Udini, Tikus , Lovers' , Betong , Betong Kecil, Kendi and Rimau islands. The riverine systems within

2080-672: Is the busiest cruise terminal in the country. Established as an entrepôt by Francis Light in 1786, George Town was the first British settlement in Southeast Asia , and its proximity to maritime routes along the Strait of Malacca attracted an influx of immigrants from various parts of Asia. It became the capital of the Straits Settlements in 1826, only to lose its administrative status to Singapore in 1832. Shortly before Malaya attained independence from Britain in 1957, George Town

2184-444: Is the densest in the country. Batu Lancang has the largest proportion of Chinese residents in any state constituency. Due to George Town's predominantly Chinese population and the longstanding political consciousness, the city has been regarded as a stronghold for the incumbent Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition. As of 2023 , non-Malays formed the majority in 15 out of the 19 state constituencies in George Town, particularly around

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2288-516: The 1988 Summer Olympics through its two television channels, with TV2 taking the morning and afternoon coverage from 7 am to 5:30 pm and TV1 airing the main events at 7 pm. Evening summaries which consist of delayed broadcasts were aired at 8:30 pm. The earth-satellite complex in Angkasapuri opened on 17 December 1988, costing RM 3 million. It marked the start of RTM's entry into "direct satellite broadcasting". The advertising revenue for RTM in 1987

2392-547: The Battle of Penang where the Imperial German Navy cruiser SMS Emden sank two Allied warships off the settlement. World War II , on the other hand, caused unprecedented social and political turmoil in George Town. In mid-December 1941, the settlement was subjected to severe Japanese aerial bombardment , forcing inhabitants to flee George Town and take refuge in the jungles. While Penang Island had been designated

2496-640: The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), which is a statutory corporation with a royal charter, RTM is a department under direct government control via a ministry . Much like the BBC and the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC), RTM also commissioned a large number of TV programmes and contents, but were produced by third parties apart from those produced by RTM itself. News and current affairs content across all platforms

2600-568: The British High Commissioner held the power to appoint six more. In 1956, George Town became Malaya's first fully-elected municipality and in the following year, it was granted city status by Queen Elizabeth II . This made George Town the first city within the Malayan Federation, and by extension, Malaysia. During the early years of Malaya's independence, George Town retained its free port status, which had been guaranteed by

2704-543: The Department of Broadcasting, Malaysia ( Malay : Jabatan Penyiaran Malaysia ; Jawi : جابتن ڤڽيارن مليسيا ‎) is the national public broadcaster of Malaysia , headquartered at Angkasapuri , Kuala Lumpur . Established on 1 April 1946 as Radio Malaya, it is the first and the oldest broadcaster in the country. After Malaysia was formed on 16 September 1963, Radio Malaya was renamed Radio Malaysia. On 28 December that year, television service in Malaysia began with

2808-602: The Japan Broadcasting Corporation (Nippon Hoso Kyokai, NHK for short). Meanwhile, the Radio Station in Penang was renamed Penang Hoso Kyoku (Penang Broadcasting Corporation). After the war, the British came back into power and reclaimed the radio station, with the station managed by the interim government – British Military Administration (BMA). On 1 April 1946, Radio Malaya or Department of Broadcasting of Malaya

2912-613: The Köppen climate classification ( Af ). Weather forecast in George Town is served by the Penang Meteorological Office at Bayan Lepas , which acts as the primary weather forecast facility for northwestern Peninsular Malaysia. The city experiences relatively consistent temperatures throughout the course of the year, with an average high of about 32 °C and an average low of 24°C. It sees on average about 2,477 millimetres (97.5 in) of precipitation annually. Its proximity to

3016-560: The Penang Botanic Gardens and the 2,562 ha (25.62 km ) Penang National Park , was inscribed as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in recognition of the area's biodiversity. As land scarcity is a pressing issue in George Town, land reclamation has been extensively undertaken at high-demand areas, such as at Tanjong Tokong and Bayan Lepas . Between 1960 and 2015, George Town expanded by more than 9 km (3.5 sq mi) due to land reclamation that altered much of

3120-457: The Penang state government under an extendable one-year term. As of 2023 , one of the 24 councillor positions has been allocated to the city's non-governmental organisations (NGOs), while the remaining 23 are occupied by component parties of the ruling state government. The mayor since 2023 is Rajendran P. Anthony, the second mayor of Indian descent in the city's history after D. S. Ramanathan and

3224-516: The Rapid Rail network. This Malaysian railroad station-related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Radio Television Malaysia 3°6′40.0″N 101°40′13.9″E  /  3.111111°N 101.670528°E  / 3.111111; 101.670528 Radio Televisyen Malaysia (English: Radio Television of Malaysia , Jawi : راديو تيليۏيشن مليسيا ‎; abbreviated as RTM , stylised as rtm ), also known as

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3328-559: The State Assembly Building in Light Street since 1959. George Town is represented by six Members of Parliament and 19 state constituencies . Prior to 2023, state elections had been conducted simultaneously with nationwide general elections every five years. Tanjong is the smallest parliamentary constituency in Malaysia by area. Padang Kota is the least populated state constituency by population, while Pengkalan Kota

3432-550: The Straits Settlements . A Municipal Commission for George Town came into being the following year. In 1957, prior to Malaya's independence , Queen Elizabeth II granted George Town city status, making it the first city in the new nation. By then, George Town had also become the first municipality in Malaya to have a fully-elected local government. Following the Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation , local government elections across

3536-623: The 18th anniversary of Hari Merdeka ). RTM began broadcasting in colour since 28 December 1978 in Peninsular Malaysia - as part of its 15th anniversary - and 31 August 1980 in East Malaysia. TV1 was the first channel to broadcast in colour, with TV2 following suit with the switch occurring on 7 May 1979. TV2 made its debut in East Malaysia on 31 August 1983 and Rangkaian Ketiga ceased transmissions mid-1985 afterwards. Between 1972 and 1999, Televisyen Malaysia shared time with TV Pendidikan –

3640-423: The British to enlarge and reinforce Fort Cornwallis as the garrison for the settlement. Local governance committees were formed from 1796 to resolve specific matters of administration. However, there were no unified legal systems in place to maintain order in the settlement. Light, who believed that feudal laws instituted by the newly-immigrated settlers were incompatible with British law , initially implemented

3744-457: The British. The George Town City Council enjoyed full financial autonomy and by 1965, it was the wealthiest local government in Malaysia, with an annual revenue almost double that of the Penang state government . This financial strength allowed the Labour -led city government to implement progressive policies, and to take control of George Town's infrastructure and public transportation. These included

3848-483: The Central Area Transit (CAT) bus service in collaboration with Rapid Penang . In 2025, MBPP projected its estimated revenue at RM433.3 million and an estimated expenditure of RM466.3 million, which included allocations for smart city projects, economic growth, cleanliness, sustainability and urban mobility. After Pakatan Rakyat (predecessor to the incumbent Pakatan Harapan ) was voted into power in 2008 ,

3952-851: The George Town City Council and the Penang Island Rural District Council were merged to form the Penang Island Municipal Council. This led to a prolonged debate over George Town's city status, in spite of Clause 3 of the Local Government (Merger of the City Council of George Town and the Rural District Council of Penang Island) Order, 1974, which stated that "the status of the City of George Town as

4056-429: The George Town City Council in 1966. Local government elections nationwide were also suspended in the aftermath of the Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation , never to be reinstated. The period of relative prosperity vis-à-vis the rest of Malaysia came to an end in 1969, when the Malaysian federal government rescinded George Town's free port status. This sparked massive unemployment, brain drain and urban decay within

4160-565: The Klang Valley area. On this same year, it subsumed operations of Sabah TV, an independent television broadcaster ran by Sabah's local state government through its Rangkaian Ketiga ("Third Network") connecting to Sarawak as well. By 31 August 1978, Voice of Malaysia had expanded its broadcast to include 5 other language services namely Thai (1 January 1972), Arab (1 November 1972), Tagalog (22 October 1973), Burmese and Malay. On 17 April 1995, an international Islamic service called Voice of Islam

4264-549: The Radio Malaysia network as state stations for Sabah, Sarawak and Singapore listeners respectively. Radio Malaysia's flagship international shortwave radio service, Voice of Malaysia ( Malay : Suara Malaysia , VOM) was launched on 15 February the same year to promote the country, with three languages in the beginning: English, Mandarin and Indonesian. Television services under the name Televisyen Malaysia or Malaysia Television (Malaysia TV) started on 28 December 1963 in time for

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4368-599: The Singapore Port Authority commenced its short wave broadcast every fortnight either on Sundays or Wednesdays. The same effort was emulated by the Malayan Wireless Association, broadcasting from Bukit Petaling, Kuala Lumpur, via 325 meter waves. Penang Wireless Association led by Khoo Sian Ewe launched Station ZHJ – Malaya's first radio station on 24 August 1934, which operates out of George Town , Penang . British Malaya Broadcasting Corporation (BMBC)

4472-425: The arrival of the British, the geographical area had been known as Tanjung Penaga , due to the abundance of penaga laut trees ( Calophyllum inophyllum ) found at the cape ( tanjung ) of the city. The city is often mistakenly spelled as "Georgetown", which was never the city's official name. This misspelling may be due to confusion with other places worldwide that share the same name. In common parlance,

4576-461: The broadcasting hours of its television channels, particularly removing the midnight movie slot, saving the broadcaster about RM 2 million a year. Over 200 million people tuned in to RTM's broadcasts in ASEAN countries in 1987. RTM's Voice of Malaysia shortwave broadcasts were upgraded in 1987. In late 1987, RTM began airing local drama and comedy productions produced on videotape instead of film to reduce

4680-465: The cape, it was densely covered in jungle. After the area was cleared, Light oversaw the construction of Fort Cornwallis , the first structure in the newly established settlement. The first roads of George Town – Light , Beach , Chulia and Pitt streets – were created in a grid-like configuration. This urban planning method facilitated the easy division, transaction and assessment of land, as well as efficient military deployment. The grid pattern

4784-454: The city include the Kluang, Dua, Glugor and Pinang rivers. The Pinang River, which is 3.5 km (2.2 mi) long, flows through the city centre. Penang Hill, with a height of 833 m (2,733 ft), is the highest point in Penang, serving as a water catchment area and a green lung for the city. In 2021, the 12,481 ha (124.81 km ) Penang Hill Biosphere Reserve, which includes

4888-708: The city of George Town is also called " Penang ", which is the name of the larger state. In 1771, Francis Light , a former Royal Navy captain, was instructed by the British East India Company (EIC) to establish trade relations in the Malay Peninsula . He arrived in Kedah , a Siamese vassal state facing threats from the Bugis of Selangor . Kedah's ruler Sultan Muhammad Jiwa Zainal Adilin II offered Light Penang Island in exchange for British military protection. Light noted

4992-470: The city's decline also resulted in the then opposition Pakatan Rakyat bloc (now Pakatan Harapan ) wresting power in Penang from the incumbent Barisan Nasional (BN) administration in the 2008 state election . The newly-elected state government took a more inclusive approach to heritage conservation and sustainable urban development, while concurrently pursuing economic diversification . The city has since witnessed an economic rejuvenation, boosted by

5096-403: The city's eastern shoreline. In 2023, a massive reclamation project commenced off Batu Maung to build the 920 ha (9.2 km ) Silicon Island, envisioned as a new hub for high-tech manufacturing and commerce. Reclamation projects to create Gurney Bay and the nearby mixed-use precinct of Andaman Island are also ongoing. George Town features a tropical rainforest climate , under

5200-523: The city. The federal government also began channelling resources towards the development of Kuala Lumpur and Port Klang , leading to George Town's protracted decline. To revive Penang's fortunes, newly-elected Chief Minister Lim Chong Eu launched the Komtar project in 1974 and spearheaded the establishment of the Bayan Lepas Free Industrial Zone (Bayan Lepas FIZ) which, at the time,

5304-455: The country have been suspended since 1965. The Penang Island City Council (MBPP), headquartered in the City Hall , carries out the official administrative and legislative duties of the city. One of the two city governments in Penang, MBPP is led by a mayor , assisted by a secretary and 24 councillors who perform oversight responsibilities over 19 departments. Each councillor is appointed by

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5408-405: The country's personal disposable income in 2015, second only to Kuala Lumpur. Its technological sector, anchored by hundreds of multinational companies , has made George Town the top exporter in the country . The Penang International Airport links George Town to several regional cities, while a ferry service and two road bridges connect the city to the rest of Peninsular Malaysia. Swettenham Pier

5512-421: The entirety of Penang Island and nine surrounding islets. George Town is slightly more than two-fifths the size of Singapore . The 295 km (114 sq mi) Penang Island has an uneven terrain with a mountainous topography down the middle. The island's coastal plains are narrow, with the most extensive plain located at the northeastern cape, where the 25.5 km (9.8 sq mi) city centre

5616-692: The establishment of Televisyen Malaysia. RTM came into its current state with its present name in 1969 when it merged its radio and television services to form the present-day broadcast department. As of 2021, RTM employs over 4,000 staff in total, of whom approximately 2,000 are in public-sector broadcasting, including part-time, flexible as well as fixed contract staff. RTM monopolised the free-to-air television until 1984 and also radio until 1989, when private television and radio stations such as TV3 and Best FM began operations. Currently, it operates 7 television channels and 34 radio stations nationwide as well as an over-the-top streaming service, RTM Klik. Unlike

5720-524: The event of Penang's absorption into Malaya's customs union, the Penang Secessionist Committee was founded in 1948 and attempted to avert Penang's merger with Malaya. A petition at the time warned that the incorporation of Penang into Malaya would "reduce it to the churn of filth of a fishing village... trade assiduously built up during the last one and a half centuries will be turned to nothing, entailing untold monetary losses and hardship to

5824-458: The first political election ever held in the settlement. Although the committees were organised ad hoc and lacked regulatory power, these early measures marked the beginning of a systematic approach to municipal governance in Penang. In 1856, the India Board , an administrative body of British India , passed Act No. XXVII, which mandated the appointment of Municipal Commissioners and taxation of

5928-430: The first radio station to broadcast 24 hours a day nationwide, thus becoming National Network ( Malay : Rangkaian Nasional ) in the process. On 5 November 1973, RTM launched a radio station named Radio Ibu Kota (Capital City Radio) specifically for the capital city of Kuala Lumpur . On 20 June 1975, Radio Malaysia's first Stereo FM format radio station went on the air, mainly broadcast pop music and initially focus on

6032-738: The first settlement in British Malaya to be liberated from the Japanese. After a period of military administration , the British dissolved the Straits Settlements in 1946 and merged the Crown Colony of Penang into the Malayan Union , which was then replaced with the Federation of Malaya in 1948. At first, the impending annexation of the British colony of Penang into the vast Malay heartland proved unpopular among Penangites. Partly due to concerns that George Town's free port status would be at risk in

6136-538: The first since 2015. MBPP's current urban planning strategy is set out in the Penang Island Local Plan 2030 , first published in 2022. The city government is responsible for municipal services including waste management, public maintenance and community service. It is also involved in major infrastructural projects such as the Jalan Bukit Kukus Paired Road . Since 2009, it has operated

6240-604: The high costs of film productions and the then-current limited film market. Realizing that SBC 8 in Singapore had been successfully beaming Tamil language drama programs to Malaysia, in response the network began producing locally produced Tamil dramas on RTM2 in 1988 as an effort to increase its Tamil programming, despite the lack of advertisers and sponsors for such. RTM spent RM 12 million in upgrading FM stereo radio broadcasts in 1988. It also had plans have other languages broadcast in FM in

6344-582: The influx of Chinese migrants posed security concerns among the British authorities. Sun chose George Town as the headquarters for revolutionary activities by the Tongmenghui in Southeast Asia that eventually launched the Wuchang Uprising , a precursor to the Xinhai Revolution that ushered in the beginning of Republican China . George Town emerged from World War I relatively unscathed, except for

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6448-401: The island of Sumatra makes George Town susceptible to dust particles carried by wind from transient forest fires that cause the perennial Southeast Asian haze . In 1796, a committee was formed to record trade revenue, and another committee responsible for property valuation was established in 1800. The latter committee was assembled through an election of ratepaying representatives, making it

6552-455: The island on 17 July that year. They took formal possession of the island "in the name of King George III of England " on 11 August. Penang Island was renamed Prince of Wales Island after the heir to the British throne . George Town was the first British colonial possession in Southeast Asia and marked the beginning of the gradual British colonisation in Malaya . When Light first landed on

6656-479: The latter culminating in rioting in 1867 . George Town came under direct British rule when the Straits Settlements became a British crown colony in 1867. Law enforcement and immigration control were gradually strengthened to suppress organised crime . More investments were also made on the settlement's health care and public transportation. Advances in education and living standards gave rise to

6760-555: The latter three became known as the Blue, Green and Red Networks in 1959. Blue, Green and Red Networks were also used to refer to regional stations and programmings and radio broadcastings were done using amplitude modulation (AM) or short and medium wave transmissions during those times. In the British Crown Colonies of North Borneo (now Sabah) and Sarawak , Radio Sarawak was launched on 7 June 1954, while Radio Sabah

6864-496: The local population also forced women into sexual slavery . Between 1944 and 1945, Allied bombers based in India targeted naval and administrative buildings in George Town , damaging and destroying several colonial buildings in the process. The Penang Strait was mined to constrict Japanese shipping. Following Japan's surrender , on 3 September 1945, British Royal Marines launched Operation Jurist to retake George Town, making it

6968-514: The maintenance of its own public bus service, as well as the construction of public housing schemes and the Ayer Itam Dam . However, longstanding political differences between the George Town City Council and the Alliance -controlled state government led to allegations of maladministration against the city government. In response, Chief Minister of Penang , Wong Pow Nee , took over the powers of

7072-506: The merchants in Penang". The secessionist movement was ultimately met with British disapproval. To assuage the concerns raised by the secessionists, the British government guaranteed George Town's free port status and promised greater decentralisation. Meanwhile, municipal elections, which had been abolished in 1913, were reintroduced in 1951 , further diminishing the secessionists' commitment to their cause. Nine councillors were to be elected from George Town's three electoral wards, while

7176-421: The move and the Federal Court later ruled that local government elections are not within the purview of state governments. George Town is the administrative capital of Penang. The offices of the Chief Minister of Penang and the Penang state government are located in Komtar , while the official residence of the Governor of Penang is located in Scotland Road. Penang's legislature has been convened in

7280-547: The national New Year celebrations in Kuala Lumpur and regional telecasts in the Klang Valley in Selangor state, with its first studios being located in Jalan Ampang . The then 10-month-old Television Singapura (launched on 15 February 1963) became part of Televisyen Malaysia in January 1964 as its state station for Singapore viewers, a role served until 1965, when Singapore became independent. During its time as part of Malaysia , Singapore like its three other partners–Sabah, Sarawak and Malaya had its own radio network, but it

7384-414: The national education channel in the daytime. TV1 introduced daytime transmissions on 1 March 1994, TV Pendidikan switched channels from TV1 to TV2 as the latter introduced its own daytime transmissions in 2000. In February 1980, the broadcaster allows any Malaysians to appear in its ads under the new code for advertisements. Effective March 15, adverts depicted alcoholic beverages and any liquor products

7488-495: The near future. On 11 September 1988, RTM aired the 1988 Sport Aid , consisting of a 24-hour telethon starting at 7 am, a marathon event (Sport Aid Malaysian run and Race Against Time run) and the First World Carnival charity concert at 12 am. RTM contributed 15 minutes of the charity concert coverage and 7 minutes of marathon footage for the worldwide Race Against Time broadcast through a satellite link to London. RTM aired

7592-521: The network. In early 1982, RTM's Berita RTM Malay language newscast had its main edition moved to 9pm weekdays. In 1982, a viewer preference survey reported that viewers in Johor prefer to watch RTM's Malay programmes than its news programmes, which "still lacks professionalism". Meanwhile, Malay viewers in Singapore were satisfied with entertainment programmes provided by RTM compared to Singapore's SBC 5 Malay-language offerings. Advertising on RTM as of 1982

7696-411: The new Angkasapuri headquarters was inaugurated. Thus Radio Malaysia and Televisyen Malaysia's identities merged to become Radio Televisyen Malaysia, abbreviated as RTM. A second TV station, which was first mooted by then-Information and Broadcasting Minister, Senu Abdul Rahman , opened on 17 November in the same year as its rebranding. On 19 April 1971, Radio Malaysia's Malay language unit became

7800-575: The new location – the 5th to 6th floor of the Federal House on 1 January 1959. It would be later renamed Radio Malaysia on 16 September 1963 , with the transmissions beginning with its trademark words Inilah Radio Malaysia (This is Radio Malaysia) on the day the Malaysia of today, a federation which consists of the States of Malaya, Sabah, Sarawak and Singapore (until 1965) was born. On the same day, Radio Sabah, Radio Sarawak and Radio Singapura became part of

7904-540: The newly-elected state government attempted to reinstate local government elections within Penang. Backed by strong support from George Town's NGOs, the Local Government Elections (Penang Island and Province Wellesley) Enactment was passed in 2012, which would have allowed city government elections for the first time since the 1960s. However, the Barisan Nasional -controlled federal government objected to

8008-753: The norms and culture of Malaysian society". Also at the same year, the amount of local programming on RTM's TV1 was at 80%, with TV2 at 35%. The former had achieved the government's target of 80% locally produced content by the year 2000. In July 1992, RTM announced that it will introduce different formats for its television channels, catering to its viewer's taste. The news formats would be different as well. RTM's five radio stations across Malaysia began to broadcast in FM in late 1992, in an effort to refrain Malaysians living in border areas from listening to radio broadcasts from neighbouring countries. Radio transmitters would also be replaced. On 1 December 1992, RTM made

8112-558: The official information channel of the Malaysian government and became a pioneer in news broadcasting in the country. At that time, the news broadcast included local and international issues as well as the political, economic, and social developments of Malaysia. This news is available in 4 languages such as Malay, English, Mandarin and Tamil. It remains one of the main sources of news in Malaysia to this day. The then-Information and Broadcasting Minister, Hamzah Abu Samah announced in May 1969 that

8216-573: The other hand, consisted of four language networks: the main Malay language network, the Blue network for Bidayuh language, the Green network for Iban and Kayan/Kenyah languages and the Red network for English, Mandarin, Bisaya and Murut language programming. News broadcasting began on 30 December 1963 with the first television news broadcast by Televisyen Malaysia (TV Malaysia). In the beginning, TV Malaysia functioned as

8320-626: The people". To smoothen the transition to colour television, RTM began producing documentaries in colour in mid-1978. RTM began transmission tests of colour television in early September 1978. The two outdoor broadcasting vans, imported from the United Kingdom, arrived in mid-September 1978. RTM would also air monthly live programmes in colour in 1979, aimed at a youth audience. RTM began planning on "decentralising" television production to regional centres in Penang, Kota Bharu, Johor Bahru, Kuching and Kota Kinabalu in 1979, aiming to better highlight

8424-718: The position of being aired at 8:30 pm where viewers were mostly at home. Notably, the Malay movies slot was in the first place of the top 10 list with 3.754 million viewers. The number of viewers of RTM's television channels were 4.197 million in September and 4.563 million in October respectively. Plans for FM mono transmissions in Sabah and Sabah were considered in late 1985. Due to the launch of TV3 , RTM lost RM 5 million and RM 11 million in advertising revenue for 1984 and 1985 respectively. Plans to privatise RTM's advertising division in 1986 were in

8528-610: The problems of the people in those regions. Each centre would have a recording facility, auditorium and newsroom. Following the construction of earth satellite stations in Beserah , Kuantan , Pahang and Kinarut , Papar , Sabah for communications and television broadcast via the Indian Ocean Intelsat III satellite , the first TV1 broadcasts in the Bornean states of Sabah and Sarawak were held on 30 August 1975 (just in time for

8632-544: The radio and television services would be merged to create a new public broadcasting department in August. In August 1969, he confirmed that the merger will be took place in October or will be finalised by the year-end. As part of the preparation for its merger with Radio Malaysia, Televisyen Malaysia moved from its former headquarters in Jalan Ampang to Angkasapuri . Radio and Television operations merged on 11 October 1969 as

8736-530: The strategic potential of the island as a "convenient magazine for trade" that could enable the British to check Dutch and French territorial ambitions in Southeast Asia, and tried unsuccessfully to persuade his superiors to accept the Sultan's offer. Light was finally authorised to negotiate the British acquisition of Penang Island in 1786. After the cession was finalised with Muhammad Jiwa's successor Sultan Abdullah Mukarram Shah , Light and his entourage landed on

8840-420: The time, the amount of local programming aired on RTM's TV1 and TV2 in 1986 was at 65%. RTM reformatted its news programming by mid-1987 resulting in a new look for its newscasts with the debut of national and international news bulletins. In addition, RTM launched Berita Wilayah - a brand new regional newscast with updates from RTM's regional studios everyday of the week. On 14 June 1987, RTM slightly reduced

8944-681: The works, where the Information Ministry would appoint an agency to handle RTM's advertising system. In August 1986, RTM decided to buy RM4.5 million worth of satellite receiving equipment, drafted in the amendment of the then-Broadcast Act. At that time, RTM was using the Telecom Departments ' satellite receiving equipments where it had to pay RM1.7 million annually to the Telecom Department. The satellite facilities finally enabled better nationwide broadcasts of its programming. By

9048-523: Was added to the Voice of Malaysia network and broadcasts in English and Malay languages. All language services were transmitted from Kajang , Selangor , except for Tagalog service which was transmitted from Tuaran , Sabah . Radio Malaysia went off the air for a few days during the recent floods . In March 1972, RTM's television channels (known as TV Malaysia) premiered Drama Minggu Ini (This Week's Drama) –

9152-520: Was also replicated in Singapore following the acquisition of the island by Stamford Raffles in 1819. As Light intended, George Town grew rapidly as a free port and a conduit for spice trade , taking maritime commerce from Dutch posts in the region. The spice trade allowed the EIC to cover the administrative costs of Penang. The threat of French invasion in the midst of the Napoleonic Wars forced

9256-576: Was around RM 200 million; by this time RTM was able to become self-sufficient and no longer rely on government funds. RTM introduced a new service called Subscription News Service (SNS) which provides information and entertainment news in 1991. As part of the expansion of Radio 3, a mobile radio station was set up during the Information Ministry's Family Day held on 29 December 1991, with mobile radio stations planned to be added in more states later. In 1992, RTM ruled that it would not air advertisements which contains offensive messages that could "violate

9360-621: Was at RM 57 million, becoming RM 60 million in 1988 and increasing to RM 140 million in 1989 after outsourcing their advertising sales to GT Consultants. In April 1989, the government approved a project to improve television and radio broadcasts, set to be handled by Transponder Services Sdn Bhd. The project, which cost RM 50 million and planned to start in phases from next year, involved setting up parabolic antennas to feed radio and television broadcasts, including RTM's two television channels. The project would be completed in phases starting in mid-1990. Radio 4, 5 and 6 began broadcasting 18 hours

9464-622: Was banned from airing on RTM. Voice of Malaysia extended its reach to Indochina countries, Japan and Europe in May. In June, RTM prohibited non-Malaysians or Caucasians and their voices from appeared in its ads. In 1981, under the Fourth Malaysia Plan, RTM was allocated RM 120 million to improve its services. As part of its plans to increase production of more colour programming, RTM planned to decentralize scripted content production from its main studios by using Filem Negara Malaysia 's soundstages which would be converted by 1981 for use by

9568-405: Was declared a city by Queen Elizabeth II , making it the first city in the country's history. In 1974, George Town was merged with the rest of the island, throwing its city status into doubt until 2015, when its jurisdiction was reinstated and expanded to cover the entire island and adjacent islets. The city is described by UNESCO as having a " unique architectural and cultural townscape" that

9672-627: Was established at Caldecott Hill in Singapore (after Singapore out from Malaysia in 1965, the office is used by Radio Television Singapore (RTS) and its successors Singapore Broadcasting Corporation (SBC), Television Corporation of Singapore (TCS), Radio Corporation of Singapore (RCS), Singapore International Media (SIM) and Mediacorp until the end of 2017). Apart from its headquarters in Singapore, it also had broadcast stations in cities and towns across Malaya such as Penang, Kuala Lumpur, Seremban and Malacca. Radio Malaya consists of five language services – Malay, Aslian, English, Chinese and Tamil language ,

9776-651: Was formed on 21 July 1935 and awarded a broadcasting license by the British crown on 1 June 1936 as a radio network. On 1 March 1937, Sir Shenton Thomas opened the BMBC Studio and its transmitter at Caldecott Hill in Singapore . The corporation was taken over by the Straits Settlements Government in 1940, subsequently nationalised and reorganised as the Malaya Broadcasting Corporation and

9880-519: Was having problems recruiting staff who are proficient in Mandarin for Radio 5 and TV2 due to a lack of suitable candidates, and had resorted to use part-timers. RTM had plans to transform itself into a corporation, first in 1983, and later revived in 1989, aimed to enhance its "effectiveness in nation-building". A cabinet proposal was presented in 1989. It was also going to conduct studies through an "independent party", completed around August 1991. RTM

9984-481: Was launched on 9 November 1955 after test broadcast since 1952. These two radio stations offers language services in Malay, Chinese and English, in addition to the native languages of Iban for Sarawak and Kadazan for Sabah. With the independence of Malaya on 31 August 1957, Radio Malaya was split into two separate stations: the original studios in Singapore were taken over by a new station called Radio Singapura and Radio Malaya moved to Kuala Lumpur going on air from

10088-452: Was made the capital of the Straits Settlements , which also comprised Singapore and Malacca . In 1832, the administrative centre was relocated to Singapore, as it surpassed George Town in commercial and strategic prominence. Despite its secondary importance to Singapore, George Town continued to play a crucial role as a British entrepôt. Following the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 and

10192-638: Was only lightly garrisoned by the IJA, while the Imperial Japanese Navy converted Swettenham Pier into a major submarine base for the Axis powers . Japanese military police imposed order by massacring Chinese civilians under the Sook Ching policy; the victims were buried in mass graves all over the island, such as at Rifle Range , Bukit Dumbar and Batu Ferringhi . Poverty and wanton Japanese brutality towards

10296-480: Was outside the city. Although these were successful in transforming Penang into a tertiary-based economy , they also led to the decentralisation of the urban population as residents gravitated towards newer suburban townships closer to the Bayan Lepas FIZ. The destruction of hundreds of shophouses and whole streets for the construction of Komtar further exacerbated the hollowing out of George Town. In 1974,

10400-577: Was placed under the British Department of Information. During World War II in 1942, the Imperial Japanese Army occupied British Malaya and used the existing radio channels in Penang, Malacca, Kuala Lumpur, Seremban and Singapore to transmit Japanese propaganda. Malaya Broadcasting Corporation was renamed Syonan Hoso Kyoku ('Light of the South' Broadcasting Corporation), the local counterpart to

10504-514: Was planned to be privatised in stages in 1993, going under the name Penyiaran Nasional (PEN) and to be established on 1 September 1993. The plan was scrapped in March 1993, to "maintain contact with the people" and continue to spread "government information". However, RTM revived the plan again in late 1997, "to maintain ratings" of its television channels. It may also look to go corporatised and later privatised. RTM's gross advertising revenue in 1991

10608-410: Was still airing operas for the minority of its viewers in 1985. Drama Swasta, a slot for drama productions produced by private companies for RTM airing Monday nights, premiered in 1985. The slot is aimed to revive the then-ailing local film industry. In a viewership study carried by Survey Research Malaysia in September and October 1985, RTM's entertainment programmes made to the top 10 shows thanks to

10712-492: Was the only state to have its own television network. The state's radio and television broadcast right were included as an annex in the  Malaysia Agreement , which it garnered autonomy in this area, among others. Upon joining Radio Malaysia, Radio Sabah consisted of two language networks: the main Malay language network and the Blue Network for Kadazan, Murut, Dusun, Bajau, English and Mandarin language. Radio Sarawak on

10816-710: Was up to five minutes an hour on television and seven minutes on radio. At that time RTM only air commercials between programmes. In mid-1982, RTM began allowing private companies to sponsor feature films showings. RTM began introducing a new format for its television news broadcasts on 18 October 1982, introducing a two-newscaster format for all languages, aiming at improving news presentation. RTM had problems acquiring old Malay films from Cathay Organisation and Malay Film Productions in 1983 due to "prohibitive price tags". While RTM had used to one advertiser sponsoring programmes, it planned to introduce "multiple-sponsorship" sometime in 1984, where one or more advertisers sponsor

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