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86-770: KVEA (channel 52) is a television station licensed to Corona, California , United States, serving as the Los Angeles area outlet for the Spanish-language network Telemundo . It is owned and operated by NBCUniversal 's Telemundo Station Group alongside KNBC (channel 4). The two stations share studios at the Brokaw News Center in the northwest corner of the Universal Studios Hollywood lot off Lankershim Boulevard in Universal City ; KVEA's transmitter

172-453: A Mediterranean climate ( Köppen climate classification : Csa ), with hot summers and mild winters with occasional rainfall. The highest recorded temperature in Glendale was 115 °F (46 °C) on September 6, 2020. The lowest recorded temperature was 17 °F (−8 °C) on February 15, 1990. The warmest month is August and the coolest month is January. The annual average precipitation

258-576: A barter in some cases. Glendale, California Glendale is a city in the San Fernando Valley and Verdugo Mountains regions of Los Angeles County, California , United States. At the 2020 U.S. Census the population was 196,543, up from 191,719 at the 2010 census , making it the 4th-most populous city in Los Angeles County and the 24th-most populous city in California . It

344-485: A KVEA reporter who at one time covered the political beat. The station suspended her for two months without pay for failing to disclose the conflict for interest and reassigned her to KVEA's bureau in Riverside . She failed to report to work there and left the company. Cuts led to the removal of the morning newscast before it was reinstated in 2011 alongside the launch of a new weekly public affairs program. Beginning in 2014,

430-475: A Los Angeles institution at channel 34, resigned from his position at that station and joined KVEA in 2003, citing the attention NBC was giving the news department and its then-airing of six hours a day of local news, doubling KMEX's output. By 2007, Quezada had resigned to become the vice president of news and public relations for Una Vez Más Holdings. In 2007, Los Angeles mayor Antonio Villaraigosa admitted that he had an extramarital affair with Mirthala Salinas,

516-511: A bias toward Mexicans and ousted her for being Central American. Meanwhile, employees sought to unionize KVEA; they voted to form a union, but management refused voluntary recognition. With another boycott threatened, KVEA recognized the union in November 1997, right before the start of a ratings survey. On January 15, 2001, KVEA launched an expanded news department, doubling its budget and its weekday output, as well as adding weekend news programs for

602-537: A few miles northwest of Glendale. Most of the damage was in the northern San Fernando Valley, though 31 structures in Glendale suffered major damage and had to be demolished, plus numerous chimneys collapsed. The 1994 Northridge earthquake had an epicenter about 18 miles (29 km) from Glendale. The city suffered severe damage to a public parking structure and sections of the Glendale Galleria parking structures and exterior columns incurred damages. Glendale has

688-693: A former KNBC news anchor who had been with the station since the 1985 launch, left in early 1989, three ranking Mexican staffers resigned together that June. The dispute escalated into calls by the National Hispanic Media Coalition for an advertising boycott of the station and picketing of its studios by protesters who felt the station favored Cubans in hiring and programming. KVEA's next bout of station turmoil came in 1997. Between February and August, seven longtime staffers were dismissed for supposed budgetary reasons, though one anchor, Ana Cecilia Granados, alleged that new manager José Ronstadt had

774-518: A full news service, and the station produced 11 and a half hours of local news a week by 1987. To daily 6 and 11 p.m. news programs, KVEA added morning and midday newscasts when the news department expanded in January 2001, doubling its budget. In October 2001, a 5 am newscast also debuted. In 2002, KVEA notched its first win at 11 p.m. since November 1993. Eduardo Quezada, who had worked for KMEX for 28 years and had previously been described as

860-477: A group that relaunched it as Spanish-language KVEA and was instrumental in the foundation of Telemundo. On November 14, 1962, the Federal Communications Commission granted Kaiser Broadcasting , a division of Kaiser Industries , a construction permit for a new channel 52 television station to be licensed to Corona. The station, named KICB before construction, signed on as KMTW from studios and

946-545: A local park, citing sundown town ordinances that both cities had adopted. In 1964, Glendale was selected by George Lincoln Rockwell to be the West Coast headquarters of the American Nazi Party . After a legal battle with the city of Glendale, the party moved their headquarters to El Monte in 1966. The emergence of increasingly visible ethnic groups—including Armenians , Cubans and Filipinos and Koreans —changed

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1032-415: A much shorter wavelength, and thus requires a shorter antenna, but also higher power. North American stations can go up to 5000 kW ERP for video and 500 kW audio, or 1000 kW digital. Low channels travel further than high ones at the same power, but UHF does not suffer from as much electromagnetic interference and background "noise" as VHF, making it much more desirable for TV. Despite this, in

1118-572: A newsmagazine program. The creation of a second Spanish-language network had first been mooted in 1984. NetSpan's founding affiliates were WNJU in New York, ethnic independent KSCI channel 18 for the Los Angeles market, and Chicago's WBBS-TV . By 1986, KVEA had replaced KSCI (and WCIU-TV had entered in Chicago); the network offered three hours a day of programming plus specials. Estrella Communications

1204-532: A population of 196,543. The age distribution was 22.9% under 18, 58.7% from 18 to 64, and 18.4% who were 65 or older. As of 2021, Glendale’s population includes: Until as late as the 1960s, Glendale was a sundown town . Nonwhites were required to leave city limits by a certain time each day or risk arrest and possible violence. In the 1930s, Glendale and Burbank prevented the Civilian Conservation Corps from stationing African American workers in

1290-423: A safer suburban environment away from the city. Several Korean cities have sought to create business and cultural relationships with Glendale. Central Park has the only West Coast monument to Korean comfort women of World War II . As of 2012 , Filipino Americans were the third largest minority group in Glendale, making up seven percent of the city's total population, overtaking Korean Americans . In 2022,

1376-412: A series of local news expansions at Telemundo have added hours of news to KVEA's output. A 5:30 p.m. show debuted at KVEA and 13 other Telemundo stations in 2014. In 2016, a 5 p.m. half-hour was introduced. The station's signal is multiplexed : KVEA shut down its analog signal, over UHF channel 52, on June 12, 2009, as part of the federally mandated transition from analog to digital television ;

1462-538: A shared newsroom. Despite being an integrated operation, unlike at KNBC, KVEA's anchors and reporters remained non-union until voting 18–1 to unionize with SAG-AFTRA in January 2023. Local news programming on channel 52 began with the KVEA relaunch, in the form of a 15-minute program called VEA Noticias . One of the station's early coups was its coverage of the 1986 San Salvador earthquake , which drew new news viewers and started competition with KMEX. This quickly expanded into

1548-481: A single-track line on private way in the center of Glenoaks Boulevard, then continued westerly past Central, Pacific, Highland, Western, and Alameda Avenues to a terminus in Burbank at Cypress Avenue. Brand loved to fly, and built a private airstrip in 1919 and hosted "fly-in" parties, providing a direct link to the soon-to-be-built nearby Grand Central Airport . The grounds of El Miradero are now city-owned Brand Park and

1634-472: A subscription service to broadcast at least 20 hours a week of unencrypted programming, KBSC began running ON TV 24 hours a day and displaced its existing Spanish-language daytime programming. However, the STV industry took a national nosedive moving into 1983. A national recession and the increased penetration of multichannel cable television created new and immediate financial headwinds for Oak and ON TV. In March 1984,

1720-638: A success in its early years of operation, and nowhere was this more apparent than in Southern California, despite the arrival of SelecTV on KWHY-TV (channel 22) the next year. By April 1979, the service was signing up 12,000 subscribers a month. By that year, it had grown its sports portfolio beyond the Dodgers, Angels, Lakers, and Kings to include USC Trojans college sports and Los Angeles Aztecs soccer, as well as horse racing from Santa Anita Park . The STV venture transformed Oak Industries itself. In 1979,

1806-413: A transmitter on Mount Wilson on June 29, 1966. Kaiser had developed a chain of independent television stations in large cities that generally lacked independent stations at the outset. The Kaiser independents in such cities as Detroit ( WKBD-TV ), Philadelphia ( WKBS-TV ), and Cleveland ( WKBF-TV ), for instance, were typically the first or second such non-network outlets in operation. Los Angeles presented

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1892-425: A variety of ways to generate revenue from television commercials . They may be an independent station or part of a broadcasting network , or some other structure. They can produce some or all of their programs or buy some broadcast syndication programming for or all of it from other stations or independent production companies. Many stations have some sort of television studio , which on major-network stations

1978-560: A very different market with three network stations, four VHF independents already operating, and (with KMTW activated) four UHF stations. Kaiser knew it would need a different approach. Before signing on, it took an option on the Phonevision subscription television system developed by Zenith Electronics and licensed by Teco, gaining the right to use it in the Los Angeles market. However, Phonevision's ability to be used nationally and legal cases over subscription television in California had left

2064-496: Is non-commercial educational (NCE) and considered public broadcasting . To avoid concentration of media ownership of television stations, government regulations in most countries generally limit the ownership of television stations by television networks or other media operators, but these regulations vary considerably. Some countries have set up nationwide television networks, in which individual television stations act as mere repeaters of nationwide programs . In those countries,

2150-470: Is broadcast via terrestrial radio waves. A group of television stations with common ownership or affiliation are known as a TV network and an individual station within the network is referred to as O&O or affiliate , respectively. Because television station signals use the electromagnetic spectrum, which in the past has been a common, scarce resource, governments often claim authority to regulate them. Broadcast television systems standards vary around

2236-579: Is in Glendale. The Armenian General Benevolent Union serves Glendale through its Pasadena -based Pasadena-Glendale chapter. Homenetmen , a non-aligned sport and scouting organization, started its Glendale Ararat chapter in 1983. Since 1996, the chapter has been located in neighboring Glassell Park . The Mexican American community was established in Glendale by the 1960s. The late 1980s and early 1990s also saw increases in Mexican American population as Glendale offers higher-quality education in

2322-541: Is just over 21 inches (530 mm), mostly falling between November and April. Rainfall totals are highly variable from year to year, with the wettest years (sometimes over 30 inches (760 mm) of rainfall) usually associated with warm El Niño conditions, and the drier years (sometimes under 10 inches (250 mm) of rainfall) with cool La Niña episodes in the Pacific. The hills and mountains of northern Glendale very rarely have snow, owing to its warmer temperatures during

2408-528: Is located about 10 miles (16 km) north of downtown Los Angeles . Glendale lies in the Verdugo Mountains, and is a suburb in the Los Angeles metropolitan area . The city is bordered to the northwest by the Shadow Hills and Tujunga neighborhoods of Los Angeles; to the northeast by La Cañada Flintridge and the unincorporated area of La Crescenta ; to the west by Burbank and Griffith Park ; to

2494-530: Is located atop Mount Wilson . Channel 52 was established as KMTW, an independent station owned by Kaiser Broadcasting , which became KBSC-TV in 1968. Kaiser explored several pay television systems to operate using the station, but none materialized until Oak Industries acquired the station and made it the first and most successful operation in ON TV , boasting as many as 400,000 subscribers at its zenith. As subscription television declined, Oak sold KBSC-TV in 1985 to

2580-539: Is located in the southeastern San Fernando Valley . According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 30.6 sq mi (79.212 km ); 30.5 square miles (79 km ) of it is land and 0.13 square miles (0.34 km ) of it (0.43%) is covered by water. Glendale is the fourth largest city within Los Angeles County. It is bordered to the north by the foothill communities of La Cañada Flintridge , La Crescenta , and Tujunga ; to

2666-792: Is often used for newscasts or other local programming . There is usually a news department , where journalists gather information. There is also a section where electronic news-gathering (ENG) operations are based, receiving remote broadcasts via remote pickup unit or satellite TV . Outside broadcasting vans, production trucks , or SUVs with electronic field production (EFP) equipment are sent out with reporters , who may also bring back news stories on video tape rather than sending them back live . To keep pace with technology United States television stations have been replacing operators with broadcast automation systems to increase profits in recent years. Some stations (known as repeaters or translators ) only simulcast another, usually

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2752-538: Is unrelated). Grand Central Airport was the departure point for the first commercial west-to-east transcontinental flight flown by Charles Lindbergh . The city experienced significant development in the 1970s, with the completion of the Glendale Freeway (Highway 2) and the Ventura Freeway (Highway 134) . This included redevelopment of Brand Boulevard, renovation of the 1925 Alex Theatre , and construction of

2838-758: Is usually fairly warm, with highs from 85 °F (29 °C), to the low 100s (40 °C). Summer is usually very dry, but thunderstorms can come from Arizona, bringing high humidity into the area. These rare days cause heat indices over 120 °F (49 °C). Fall often brings clear and dry weather, but can be gusty due to the Santa Ana winds, blowing in once or twice a year from October to December. Santa Ana winds can reach up to 70 miles per hour (110 km/h), with gusts up to 100 miles per hour (160 km/h) in mountain passes and canyons. Thunderstorms occur very rarely and they are accompanied by gusty winds and hail. The 2020 United States census reported that Glendale had

2924-748: The Californios after a series of battles, culminating with the signing of the Treaty of Cahuenga on January 13, 1847. With the cession of California to the United States following the Mexican–American War , the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo provided that the land grants would be honored. As required by the Land Act of 1851, a claim was filed with the Public Land Commission in 1852, confirmed by

3010-458: The Glendale Galleria shopping mall which opened in 1976, and was further expanded in 1982. In 2005, construction began near the Glendale Galleria of developer Rick Caruso 's " Americana at Brand ", a 15.5-acre (63,000 m ) outdoor shopping and residential community. The new Glendale development was opened to the public on May 2, 2008, and features 75 shops and restaurants, 238 apartments, 100 condominiums, and an 18-plex cinema . Glendale

3096-487: The Glendale Transportation Center . The city flag was adopted by Glendale on September 18, 1924, and was designed by Hugh A. Maron, who also won $ 100 for designing it. The flag was then changed to the current one (seen above) in 2001. The American Green Cross, an early conservation and tree preservation society, was formed in 1926 (it disbanded three years later and the current organization of that name

3182-548: The Los Angeles Dodgers hosted by longtime Dodger Spanish-language voice Jaime Jarrín ; furthermore, KVEA was the production base for new Spanish-language shows screened nationally, including La piñata de los $ 25,000 ( The $ 25,000 Piñata ), the first nationally syndicated Spanish-language game show. At the end of the 1980s, KVEA came under some criticism for lack of representation of Mexicans—who comprised 90 percent of channel 52's viewership—in management. After Frank Cruz,

3268-518: The United States 2000 Census , Glendale is home to 65,343 Armenian Americans (making up 34.1% of the total population), increasing from 1990 when there were 31,402 Armenian Americans in the city. As of 2005, one-third of Los Angeles' estimated 153,000 Armenians (or 51,000, around a quarter of Glendale's 205,000 residents) lived in Glendale. At that time, Armenians held a majority on the Glendale city council, and it had done so since that year. By 2005,

3354-405: The broadcast range , or geographic area, that the station is limited to, allocates the broadcast frequency of the radio spectrum for that station's transmissions, sets limits on what types of television programs can be programmed for broadcast and requires a station to broadcast a minimum amount of certain programs types, such as public affairs messages . Another form of television station

3440-534: The electricity bill and emergency backup generators . In North America , full-power stations on band I (channels 2 to 6) are generally limited to 100 kW analog video ( VSB ) and 10 kW analog audio ( FM ), or 45 kW digital ( 8VSB ) ERP. Stations on band III (channels 7 to 13) can go up by 5 dB to 316 kW video, 31.6 kW audio, or 160 kW digital. Low-VHF stations are often subject to long-distance reception just as with FM. There are no stations on Channel 1 . UHF , by comparison, has

3526-561: The "Big Bend", where quake-recurrence tracking shows major activity roughly every 140–160 years. The closest portion of the San Andreas is actually 29 miles (47 km) from Glendale. The last major quake along the southern San Andreas was recorded in 1857. In the 1971 San Fernando earthquake , which took place along the western edge of the Sierra Madre Fault, surface ruptures were nearly 12 miles (19 km) long, including one portion

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3612-556: The 1970s. Armenian Americans are well integrated into the city, with many businesses, several Armenian schools, and ethnic/cultural organizations serving this ethnic group. Beginning in the late 1970s, as a result of the Lebanese Civil War and the Iranian Revolution , a dramatic influx of Armenians began to arrive in Glendale. Beginning in the late 1980s, with assistance from family and friends already there, Armenians from

3698-728: The Armenian Cultural Foundation started planning for an educational and recreational youth center in south Glendale. In 2009, upon the center's completion, the various Armenian Revolutionary Federation -aligned organizations — such as the Armenian National Committee of America , the Armenian Relief Society , the Armenian Youth Federation and Hamazkayin — moved to this new facility. The Armenian Assembly of America 's Western Region office

3784-600: The Armenian community of Hollywood. Alice Petrossian, the GUSD director of intercultural education, stated that Burbank lies within the middle of other Armenian communities, so it attracted Armenians. There are also a great number of Armenian immigrants from Iran who, due to the religious restrictions and lifestyle limitations of the Islamic government , immigrated to the US, many to Glendale since it

3870-421: The Armenian population was 40% of the total population. In 2014, a Glendale Police Department spokesperson, stated, "In five to eight years, the [Armenian] community went from a few thousand to about 40,000." Levon Marashlian, an instructor of Armenian history at Glendale College , stated that in the early 1990s Glendale's Armenian community became the largest in the Los Angeles metropolitan area , surpassing

3956-605: The Commission in 1855, and the grant was patented to Julio and Catalina Verdugo in 1882. In 1860, José María Verdugo's grandson Teodoro Verdugo built the Catalina Verdugo Adobe , which is the oldest building in Glendale. The property is the location of the Oak of Peace, where early Californio leaders including Pio Pico met in 1847 and decided to surrender to Lieutenant Colonel John C. Frémont . Verdugo's descendants sold

4042-621: The East Indian Pavilion at the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition held in Chicago, which he visited. Brand partnered with Henry E. Huntington to bring the Pacific Electric Railway, or the "Red Cars", to the area. The Glendale–Burbank Line , which was operational from 1904 to 1955, ran from Downtown Los Angeles to Burbank via Glendale. The dual-track streetcars entered the Glendale city limit by crossing San Fernando Road, and

4128-504: The FCC revised its media ownership rules to allow ownership of three stations in the largest markets. NBC would sell off KWHY in 2011 to the Meruelo Group as a condition of its merger with Comcast . In 2007, NBC announced that it would move its Los Angeles local operation to a site at Universal Studios Hollywood . The complex was completed in 2014, with separate studios for KNBC and KVEA and

4214-656: The Filipino American Friendship Monument was unveiled in Central Park. After the Iranian Revolution , many Persians migrated to the cities seeking a suburban city with lower crime and quality education. St. Mark's Episcopal Church dates back to 1888, but the current building was built in 1948. Holy Family Catholic Church dates back to 1907, but the current building was consecrated in 1922. Since 1975, St. Mary's Armenian Apostolic Church has served Glendale. The Cathedral of Saint Gregory

4300-552: The Los Angeles operation, by then with just 156,000 subscribers, in February 1985. The same month that Oak sold the ON TV subscriber base to SelecTV, the company reached a deal to sell KBSC-TV itself to an investor group, Estrella Communications, headed by former Brazilian television network head Joe Wallach , in a $ 30 million transaction. Financially, the market is more than ripe for a second station. Our success does not have to come at

4386-467: The Miami market in 1984 to John Blair & Co., which planned Spanish-language programming. Oak intended to get out of Los Angeles next. In August—after a year of speculation—it emerged that Oak was in talks to sell the Los Angeles system to SelecTV, which had competed alongside ON TV for six years in the Southern California market. A deal was initially reached, then collapsed. However, SelecTV ultimately acquired

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4472-552: The U.S., the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is taking another large portion of this band (channels 52 to 69) away, in contrast to the rest of the world, which has been taking VHF instead. This means that some stations left on VHF are harder to receive after the analog shutdown . Since at least 1974, there are no stations on channel 37 in North America for radio astronomy purposes. Most television stations are commercial broadcasting enterprises which are structured in

4558-567: The company announced that it was being investigated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), and it posted a loss of $ 166.1 million for 1983. One of the company's auditors, Arthur Andersen , qualified its statement, fearing that Oak could not fully realize its $ 134 million investment in subscription television. After having shuttered two ON TV operations in markets with combative station owners and high cable penetration— Dallas–Fort Worth and Phoenix —Oak moved to sell its station in

4644-630: The company moved its headquarters from Crystal Lake, Illinois , to the new planned community of Rancho Bernardo, California , to be closer to the entertainment industry. Meanwhile, KBSC-TV changed its commercial program format to Spanish-language shows in 1980, airing 74 hours a week of commercial shows in Spanish and giving the market a second choice for Spanish-language viewing. Most of its Spanish-language shows, including news from Mexico, were sourced from Mexico's Canal 13 . ON TV grew nationally, with Oak and Chartwell developing operations separately, though

4730-455: The digital signal remained on its pre-transition UHF channel 39, using virtual channel 52. KVEA is rebroadcast on the following translator station: Television station The Fernsehsender Paul Nipkow ( TV Station Paul Nipkow ) in Berlin , Germany , was the first regular television service in the world. It was on the air from 22 March 1935, until it was shut down in 1944. The station

4816-661: The east by Eagle Rock and Pasadena ; to the south by the Atwater Village neighborhood of Los Angeles; and to the southeast by Glassell Park neighborhood of Los Angeles. The Golden State , Ventura , Glendale , and Foothill freeways run through the city. In 1798, José María Verdugo , a corporal in the Spanish army from Baja California , received the Rancho San Rafael from Governor Diego de Borica , formalizing his possession and use of land on which he had been grazing livestock and farming since 1784. Rancho San Rafael

4902-529: The expense of Channel 34. Paul Niedermayer, first general manager of KVEA SelecTV programming aired for a time on KBSC while the new owners readied the station's next chapter. On November 24, 1985, KVEA debuted. The new Spanish-language station sought to be an alternative to KMEX , the dominant outlet in southern California, with a wider range of U.S. and Latin American shows than KMEX's mostly Mexican fare and children's programming, as well as local news and

4988-448: The first time. The network then purchased KWHY-TV channel 22, its former pay TV competitor and later a Spanish-language independent, for $ 239 million in June 2001, creating a duopoly. Work was already underway on a comprehensive overhaul of channel 52's studios, and channel 22 was then integrated into the operation. In October 2001, NBC announced it would buy Telemundo. The combination of

5074-668: The former Soviet Union began arriving. In the Glendale Unified School District , by 1988, along with students from the Middle East, they had become the largest ethnic group in the public schools, now having a larger number than Latinos. By 1996, longtime Anglo residents, largely fueled by anti-Armenian sentiment , decried the increased density in South Glendale. By 1999, about 25% of the population spoke Armenian and there were many Armenian businesses. According to

5160-420: The highest point available in the transmission area, such as on a summit , the top of a high skyscraper , or on a tall radio tower . To get a signal from the master control room to the transmitter, a studio/transmitter link (STL) is used. The link can be either by radio or T1 / E1 . A transmitter/studio link (TSL) may also send telemetry back to the station, but this may be embedded in subcarriers of

5246-472: The licenses for five of its stations to a partnership with Field Communications , of which it would own 77.5 percent. KBSC-TV was held out of the joint venture because it was scheduled to be sold. Two months later, Kaiser announced it would seek to sell the station to the Pay Television Corporation in a transaction filed with the FCC in February 1973. The largest owner of Pay Television Corporation

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5332-576: The line continued northerly in the pavement of Brand Boulevard, crossing Los Feliz Boulevard, Chevy Chase Boulevard, Colorado Boulevard, Broadway and Lexington Drive. The main line continued north to Verdugo Wash where the line became a single track. At Arden Junction at Glenoaks Boulevard, the line branched. The old main line continued north in the pavement of Brand Boulevard to a terminus in North Glendale at Mountain Avenue. The Burbank Line diverged westerly as

5418-400: The local television station has no station identification and, from a consumer's point of view, there is no practical distinction between a network and a station, with only small regional changes in programming, such as local television news . To broadcast its programs, a television station requires operators to operate equipment, a transmitter or radio antenna , which is often located at

5504-419: The main broadcast. Stations which retransmit or simulcast another may simply pick-up that station over-the-air , or via STL or satellite. The license usually specifies which other station it is allowed to carry. VHF stations often have very tall antennas due to their long wavelength , but require much less effective radiated power (ERP), and therefore use much less transmitter power output , also saving on

5590-527: The mansion is the Brand Library, according to the terms of his will. The Forest Lawn Cemetery opened in 1906 and was renamed Forest Lawn Memorial-Park in 1917. Pioneering endocrinologist and entrepreneur Henry R. Harrower opened his clinic in Glendale in 1920, which for many years was the largest business in the city. In 1922, the Atwater Tract Office was demolished, and construction began on

5676-588: The more recognized faults are the Sierra Madre and Hollywood faults, situated in the city's northern and southwestern portions, respectively. Additionally, the Verdugo and Raymond faults intersect through the city's central and southeastern areas. The San Gabriel fault, meanwhile, is located northeast of the city. Roughly 75 miles (121 km) northeast of Glendale is a major portion of the San Andreas Fault known as

5762-628: The next year, set the course for channel 52 to become the first station in their planned subscription television venture, as Oak moved the studios from Metromedia Square to a site on Grand Central Avenue in Glendale . On April 1, 1977, 500 test subscribers in the San Fernando Valley became the first customers of ON TV , a subscription service broadcast over KBSC-TV that offered unedited, uninterrupted motion pictures, as well as limited slates of Los Angeles Dodgers , California Angels , Los Angeles Lakers and Los Angeles Kings games, during evening hours. It

5848-497: The north, Fifth Street (now Harvard Street) on the south, Central Avenue on the west, and the Childs Tract on the east. Residents to the southwest formed Tropico in 1887. An important civic booster of the era was Leslie Coombs Brand (1859–1925), who built an estate in 1904 called El Miradero, featuring an eye-catching mansion, the architecture of which combined characteristics of Spanish, Moorish, and Indian styles, copied from

5934-465: The official discourse in Glendale. In 1972, C.E. Perkins, then city manager , encouraged the Rotary Club of Glendale to prepare itself as the city could no longer remain isolated in an increasingly diverse America. Glendale has one of the largest communities of Armenian descent in the United States. Armenian families have lived in the city since the 1920s, but the surge in immigration escalated in

6020-508: The payroll; it was reported that Oak had no dispute with Siegel but wanted to affirm its authority as 51 percent owner of the venture. Oak chairman Carter was surprised to learn that Siegel made more money than he did. Further, Perenchio drew Oak's ire when the Chartwell ON TV operation in Detroit ordered new decoder boxes from one of Oak's competitors. Oak and Chartwell settled that September;

6106-476: The programmes seen on its owner's flagship station, and have no television studio or production facilities of their own. This is common in developing countries . Low-power stations typically also fall into this category worldwide. Most stations which are not simulcast produce their own station identifications . TV stations may also advertise on or provide weather (or news) services to local radio stations , particularly co-owned sister stations . This may be

6192-466: The ranch in various parcels, some of which are included in present-day Atwater Village , Eagle Rock , and Highland Park neighborhoods of Los Angeles. In 1883, soon after Atwater Village was settled, the Atwater Tract Office brought train service to the area. In 1884, residents gathered to form a townsite and chose the name "Glendale". It was bounded by First Street (now Lexington Drive) on

6278-509: The south by the Atwater Village and Glassell Park communities incorporated by the city of Los Angeles; to the east by Pasadena and Eagle Rock (also incorporated within Los Angeles); and to the west by Griffith Park and the city of Burbank . Glendale is located 10 miles (16 km) north of downtown Los Angeles . Several known earthquake faults criss-cross the Glendale area and adjacent mountains, as in much of Southern California. Among

6364-489: The station attract national advertisers. The investment in KVEA quickly paid off. By February 1987, the 15-month-old operation had achieved a 34 percent share of the Spanish-speaking audience in Los Angeles, with the market having grown large enough that KMEX did not lose any of its audience. It covered community events in Spanish, produced 11 and a half hours of local news a week, aired a weekly half-hour highlight show of

6450-446: The suit was dropped, and Oak bought out Chartwell's 49 percent share of National Subscription Television for $ 55 million. By May 1982, ON TV in southern California had reached its zenith—400,000 subscribers, representing two-thirds of Oak's base of some 600,000 paying customers in its five ON TV markets, not counting Detroit, Cincinnati, or Portland. After the FCC repealed a rule in late 1982 that required television stations offering

6536-555: The system unapproved by the time channel 52 started broadcasting. Instead, KMTW subsisted on public service films, travelogues, and other cheap fare. On February 20, 1968, KMTW became KBSC-TV, representing its ownership (Kaiser Broadcasting) and region (Southern California). The Phonevision agreement expired in 1970, and the FCC gave approval the next year for Kaiser to begin using studios at 5746 Sunset Boulevard— Metromedia Square , home to KTTV . The gulf between KBSC-TV and its sister stations grew wider. In August 1972, Kaiser transferred

6622-454: The two parties owned three stations in the market; the FCC conditioned approval of the Telemundo acquisition on the divestiture of KWHY. Integration of the two operations took a major step forward in 2003, when 250 Telemundo employees moved to KNBC's studios in Burbank. KWHY sales and programming functions remained in Glendale while NBC fought for a waiver to keep all three stations; the next year,

6708-464: The two remained partners in the Los Angeles operation. This arrangement, however, came into doubt in March 1981. The two sides disagreed over Perenchio's appointment of William M. Siegel, the chief executive of Chartwell, as the general manager of National Subscription Television—Los Angeles. Oak refused to consent to the appointment and claimed that Chartwell and Perenchio had "surreptitiously" placed Siegel on

6794-404: The winter. It may only occur about every five to ten years. The last time it snowed was February 26, 2011, in which snow accumulation of approximately 3 inches (7.6 cm) occurred and sleet was present. Frost sometimes occurs at night from late November to early March. Heavy rains and thunderstorms are also common during the winter. The spring brings temperate weather, with little rain. The summer

6880-399: The world. Television stations broadcasting over an analog system were typically limited to one television channel , but digital television enables broadcasting via subchannels as well. Television stations usually require a broadcast license from a government agency which sets the requirements and limitations on the station. In the United States, for example, a television license defines

6966-458: Was Jean Marieanne McDonald. The application remained pending at the FCC for nearly two years; ultimately, the company opted to franchise its technology and not be a station owner, resulting in the purchase being canceled in February 1975. In December 1975, Kaiser filed to sell KBSC-TV to Oak Broadcasting Systems, a joint venture of television equipment manufacturer Oak Industries and Jerry Perenchio . The $ 1.2 million transaction, which closed

7052-561: Was a Spanish concession, of which 25 were made in California. Unlike the later Mexican land grants, the concessions were similar to grazing permits, with the title remaining with the Spanish crown. New Spain achieved its independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821, and from 1824, Rancho San Rafael existed within the new Mexican Republic . Mexican rule ended during the Mexican–American War: Americans took control from

7138-638: Was a subsidiary of Reliance Capital Group , led by corporate raider Saul Steinberg . Less than a year after starting up KVEA, Reliance acquired John Blair & Co., which agreed to be purchased for $ 300 million to avoid a hostile takeover. The deal united KVEA with WSCV —the Miami-area station Oak had sold off two years prior—and WKAQ-TV in San Juan, Puerto Rico . In October 1986, Reliance then bought WNJU. On January 12, 1987, NetSpan became Telemundo, supplying additional programming and national news, which helped

7224-535: Was named after Paul Gottlieb Nipkow , the inventor of the Nipkow disk . Most often the term "television station" refers to a station which broadcasts structured content to an audience or it refers to the organization that operates the station. A terrestrial television transmission can occur via analog television signals or, more recently, via digital television signals. Television stations are differentiated from cable television or other video providers as their content

7310-465: Was the second subscription television system in operation, with Wometco Home Theater having launched in New York City the previous month. Japanese- and Korean-language programs that were seen on channel 52 under leased-time arrangements migrated to a new station, KSCI (channel 18), when it launched on June 30; this allowed ON TV to air during evening hours beginning at 8 p.m. ON TV proved to be

7396-412: Was where their relatives resided. In 1994, a new headquarters of the Armenian National Committee of America -Western Region opened in Glendale. ANCA Chairman Raffi Hamparian stated "One could look at it cynically and say they're coming because this is an election year, but on the other hand[,] the Armenian community has a lot of friends, because we're active in the public life of many cities[.]" In 2004,

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