46-538: KMNV (1400 kHz " La Raza ") is a commercial AM radio station licensed to St. Paul, Minnesota , and serving the Twin Cities radio market . It is owned by Santamaria Broadcasting and broadcasts a Spanish-language radio format featuring Regional Mexican music with some weekday comedy shows. KMNV's radio studios and offices are in Richfield. KMNV is powered at 1,000 watts non-directional . The transmitter
92-615: A New York City-based broadcaster specializing in multi-cultural, community focused formats. Thereafter, KLBB flipped to a Spanish-language format, while the format on KLBP remained MOR until July 17, 2006, when it switched to a gospel music format from the Buffalo, New York -based Totally Gospel Radio Network with the KZTG call letters. The sale of both stations was approved by the FCC on July 25, 2005, with Davidson Media taking control September 7, 2005. Over
138-632: A beautiful music format identical to its FM counterpart by 1981. In 1984, the two stations were split up as KEEY-FM became the sister station of WDGY and the AM station struck out on its own. The call letters were changed to KLBB in February 1982, with a staff consisting of many former employees of WCCO Radio . KLBB played adult standards and middle of the road music (MOR) with personality disc jockeys. Cargill Communications purchased KLBB in 1993, along with KBCW (1470 AM), WTCX-FM (105.1 FM) and WLOL-FM (105.3) for
184-536: A block of the city limits separating Minneapolis and St. Paul just east of the Mississippi River at 611 West Frontenac Place in St. Paul. It is plainly visible to travelers on Interstate Highway 94. The studios, at least in the 1970s and 1980s, were also located at this address. WMIN set up a sister station , WMIN-FM at 99.5 MHz in 1945, which operated until being purchased by the owners of AM station WLOL and took
230-539: A for-profit subsidiary of the Greenspring Company , which, like MPR, were under the umbrella of the American Public Media Group . MPR announced on May 25, 2005, that it had reached an agreement to sell both KLBB and KLBP to Davidson Media Group , a New York City-based broadcaster specializing in multi-cultural, community focused formats. Thereafter, KLBB flipped to a Spanish-language format, while
276-548: A more detailed treatment of this and the above frequency ranges, see Electromagnetic spectrum . Gravitational waves are also described in Hertz. Current observations are conducted in the 30–7000 Hz range by laser interferometers like LIGO , and the nanohertz (1–1000 nHz) range by pulsar timing arrays . Future space-based detectors are planned to fill in the gap, with LISA operating from 0.1–10 mHz (with some sensitivity from 10 μHz to 100 mHz), and DECIGO in
322-641: A purchase price of $ 1.2 million. KMNV and KMNQ added an FM translator on 95.7 FM in early 2017. It broadcasts from the KMNV tower. For a while, the station split its programming from KMNQ. KMNQ went on to broadcast a variety format with no imaging, before going off air for nearly a year. KMNQ returned to simulcasting KMNV when it returned to air. Following 1470's switch to gospel music, the KLBB call letters and much of its programming were picked up by Stillwater -based WMGT (1220 AM) on July 25, 2006. The former WMIN call sign
368-427: Is 1/time (T ). Expressed in base SI units, the unit is the reciprocal second (1/s). In English, "hertz" is also used as the plural form. As an SI unit, Hz can be prefixed ; commonly used multiples are kHz (kilohertz, 10 Hz ), MHz (megahertz, 10 Hz ), GHz (gigahertz, 10 Hz ) and THz (terahertz, 10 Hz ). One hertz (i.e. one per second) simply means "one periodic event occurs per second" (where
414-694: Is a commercial radio station licensed to Brooklyn Park, Minnesota , and serving the Twin Cities radio market . The station broadcasts a Spanish AC format. The station previously was a simulcast of sister station KMNV , playing traditional Regional Mexican music. In October 2021, it began stunting with a variety format, before leaving the air entirely in early 2022. In January 2023, it returned, again simulcasting sister station KMNV. The station has experienced periods of silence over its lifetime. KMNQ's radio studios were located on 27th Avenue South and East Lake Street in Minneapolis. Those studios burned in
460-490: Is also used to describe the clock speeds at which computers and other electronics are driven. The units are sometimes also used as a representation of the energy of a photon , via the Planck relation E = hν , where E is the photon's energy, ν is its frequency, and h is the Planck constant . The hertz is defined as one per second for periodic events. The International Committee for Weights and Measures defined
506-547: Is near the Mississippi River in St. Paul. Programming is also heard on FM translator K239CJ at 95.7 MHz in St. Paul. The station signed on the air in the summer of 1936, when St. Paul furniture retailer Edward Hoffman began broadcasting at 1370 kHz. WMIN was reassigned to the 1400 kHz frequency in 1941 when the North American Regional Broadcasting Agreement treaty (NARBA)
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#1733084558502552-484: Is the unit of frequency in the International System of Units (SI), often described as being equivalent to one event (or cycle ) per second . The hertz is an SI derived unit whose formal expression in terms of SI base units is s , meaning that one hertz is one per second or the reciprocal of one second . It is used only in the case of periodic events. It is named after Heinrich Rudolf Hertz (1857–1894),
598-452: Is usually measured in kilohertz (kHz), megahertz (MHz), or gigahertz (GHz). with the latter known as microwaves . Light is electromagnetic radiation that is even higher in frequency, and has frequencies in the range of tens of terahertz (THz, infrared ) to a few petahertz (PHz, ultraviolet ), with the visible spectrum being 400–790 THz. Electromagnetic radiation with frequencies in the low terahertz range (intermediate between those of
644-501: The George Floyd protests . The station returned to air in 2021, returning to its Regional Mexican format. In late 2021, the station broke from the simulcast with music and talk programming. After a long period of silence, the station returned to air on or around January 1, 2023, simulcasting KMNV as it had in the past. The next day, it was silent again. The station returned to air sporadically during January, often on for only 24 hours at
690-627: The Minneapolis Riots following the murder of George Floyd in May 2020. The station returned to the air with help from KFAI , which offered space in its facility. Studios were subsequently established in Richfield . The transmitter is located in Brooklyn Park near Bottineau Blvd. KMNQ’s power is 5,000 watts using a directional antenna to protect other stations on 1470 AM . Starting in 1994, 1470
736-456: The call sign for 1400 AM briefly changed to WMNS, reflecting a change to a full service format of adult popular music, news and sports. The format remained, but the station returned to being WMIN later that year. As WDGY , WLOL and KDWB enjoyed success playing Top 40 music in the late 1950s, WMIN joined the fray. In July 1962, WMIN adopted an all-news format, adopting the KTWN call letters
782-460: The " Music Of Your Life " radio network. KLBB finally transitioned to its long-promised Spanish-language format on November 4, 2005, leaving the adult standards /big band format on KLBP and ending the long time "Club 14" simulcast. The KMNV call letters were introduced to 1400 on December 16, 2005, just months after its switch to regional Mexican music, while the KLBB call letters moved to sister station 1470. Following 1470's switch to gospel music,
828-446: The 0.1–10 Hz range. In computers, most central processing units (CPU) are labeled in terms of their clock rate expressed in megahertz ( MHz ) or gigahertz ( GHz ). This specification refers to the frequency of the CPU's master clock signal . This signal is nominally a square wave , which is an electrical voltage that switches between low and high logic levels at regular intervals. As
874-468: The 1970s. In some usage, the "per second" was omitted, so that "megacycles" (Mc) was used as an abbreviation of "megacycles per second" (that is, megahertz (MHz)). Sound is a traveling longitudinal wave , which is an oscillation of pressure . Humans perceive the frequency of a sound as its pitch . Each musical note corresponds to a particular frequency. An infant's ear is able to perceive frequencies ranging from 20 Hz to 20 000 Hz ;
920-853: The KLBB call letters and much of its programming were picked up by 1220 AM in Stillwater on July 25, 2006. On March 7, 2007, the station changed its call letters to KRJJ. The station is also the Spanish-language broadcast partner for the Minnesota Twins . Davidson Media sold KMNQ and sister station KMNV to Santamaria Broadcasting, Inc. effective May 5, 2016, for $ 1.2 million. Citing the COVID-19 pandemic and equipment updates, KMNQ went silent for an extended period of time beginning in March 2020. KMNV itself went silent on May 27 after its studios were burned during
966-469: The WLOL-FM call letters in 1956. WMIN eventually signed on another FM sister station, at 102.1 MHz . In addition to FM, WMIN went into television as well, applying for a television license in 1952 for Channel 11. WTCN radio had also applied for this frequency, so the stations arranged to divide the broadcast day between them. The stations soon merged as WTCN, which eventually became today's KARE . In 1954,
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#17330845585021012-476: The average adult human can hear sounds between 20 Hz and 16 000 Hz . The range of ultrasound , infrasound and other physical vibrations such as molecular and atomic vibrations extends from a few femtohertz into the terahertz range and beyond. Electromagnetic radiation is often described by its frequency—the number of oscillations of the perpendicular electric and magnetic fields per second—expressed in hertz. Radio frequency radiation
1058-468: The basis of a proposed alternative rock station, soon to become known as " REV105 ". Cargill was uncomfortable with dropping the much loved adult standards format of KLBB, so the format was retained with a content and branding overhall, and 1470 was converted to a simulcast of KLBB, moving the well-known WLOL call letters (albeit well known on original frequencies 1330 AM and 99.5 FM ) to 1470. In 1999, James and Susan Cargill, who two years earlier had sold
1104-457: The basis of a proposed alternative rock station, soon to become known as " REV105 ". The new owners were uncomfortable with dropping the much-loved MOR format of KLBB, so they kept it, updated the music, imaging, promotion and logo of the station, and simulcast KLBB's programming on 1470 AM in Brooklyn Park to improve signal coverage to the north and west. The WLOL call letters (well known in
1150-546: The building it shared with the El Nuevo Rodeo restaurant and other business in a former Odd Fellows Hall at 27th Avenue South and East Lake Street in Minneapolis, was burned down in an arson related to rioting in the area. A week later, it returned to the air with the assistance of KFAI , utilizing its studio facilities. 44°57′29″N 93°12′24″W / 44.95797°N 93.206767°W / 44.95797; -93.206767 Hertz The hertz (symbol: Hz )
1196-440: The event being counted may be a complete cycle); 100 Hz means "one hundred periodic events occur per second", and so on. The unit may be applied to any periodic event—for example, a clock might be said to tick at 1 Hz , or a human heart might be said to beat at 1.2 Hz . The occurrence rate of aperiodic or stochastic events is expressed in reciprocal second or inverse second (1/s or s ) in general or, in
1242-403: The first person to provide conclusive proof of the existence of electromagnetic waves . For high frequencies, the unit is commonly expressed in multiples : kilohertz (kHz), megahertz (MHz), gigahertz (GHz), terahertz (THz). Some of the unit's most common uses are in the description of periodic waveforms and musical tones , particularly those used in radio - and audio-related applications. It
1288-454: The following November. They were changed back to WMIN the following August. In 1967, after playing some country music shows for three years, the station took on the country format full-time. The station changed its call sign again in 1972 to KEEY, to match that of its FM sister station . KEEY-FM was a popular beautiful music station in the Twin Cities. The AM station would eventually air
1334-436: The format on KLBP remained MOR until July 17, 2006, when it switched to an urban gospel sound with the KZTG (later KRJJ) call letters. The sale of both stations was approved by the FCC on July 25, 2005, with Davidson taking control on September 7. KLBB finally transitioned to its long-promised Spanish-language format on November 4, 2005, leaving the adult standards/ big band format on sister station KLBP and bringing to an end
1380-449: The hertz has become the primary unit of measurement accepted by the general populace to determine the performance of a CPU, many experts have criticized this approach, which they claim is an easily manipulable benchmark . Some processors use multiple clock cycles to perform a single operation, while others can perform multiple operations in a single cycle. For personal computers, CPU clock speeds have ranged from approximately 1 MHz in
1426-413: The highest normally usable radio frequencies and long-wave infrared light) is often called terahertz radiation . Even higher frequencies exist, such as that of X-rays and gamma rays , which can be measured in exahertz (EHz). For historical reasons, the frequencies of light and higher frequency electromagnetic radiation are more commonly specified in terms of their wavelengths or photon energies : for
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1472-454: The late 1970s ( Atari , Commodore , Apple computers ) to up to 6 GHz in IBM Power microprocessors . Various computer buses , such as the front-side bus connecting the CPU and northbridge , also operate at various frequencies in the megahertz range. Higher frequencies than the International System of Units provides prefixes for are believed to occur naturally in the frequencies of
1518-416: The long-time Club 14 simulcast. The KMNV call letters were introduced to AM 1400 on December 16, 2005, just months after its switch to Regional Mexican, while the KLBB call letters moved to sister station AM 1470. The station also airs Spanish language broadcasts of the Minnesota Twins baseball team. Davidson Media sold KMNV and sister station KMNQ to Santamaria Broadcasting, Inc. effective May 5, 2016, at
1564-590: The market from their original homes on 1330 AM and 99.5 FM ) were retained by the company and moved from 105.3 FM to 1470. KLBB, along with WLOL, eventually separated once again from their FM sisters. James and Susan Cargill, who had also acquired a third FM station at 105.7, sold all three of the FM stations that made up REV105 to ABC Radio , owners of KQRS-FM and KEGE . In 1999, the Cargills donated both KLBB and WLOL (soon to be renamed KLBP) to Minnesota Public Radio , where
1610-673: The quantum-mechanical vibrations of massive particles, although these are not directly observable and must be inferred through other phenomena. By convention, these are typically not expressed in hertz, but in terms of the equivalent energy, which is proportional to the frequency by the factor of the Planck constant . The CJK Compatibility block in Unicode contains characters for common SI units for frequency. These are intended for compatibility with East Asian character encodings, and not for use in new documents (which would be expected to use Latin letters, e.g. "MHz"). KMNQ KMNQ (1470 AM )
1656-544: The rules for capitalisation of a common noun ; i.e., hertz becomes capitalised at the beginning of a sentence and in titles but is otherwise in lower case. The hertz is named after the German physicist Heinrich Hertz (1857–1894), who made important scientific contributions to the study of electromagnetism . The name was established by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) in 1935. It
1702-409: The second as "the duration of 9 192 631 770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the caesium -133 atom" and then adds: "It follows that the hyperfine splitting in the ground state of the caesium 133 atom is exactly 9 192 631 770 hertz , ν hfs Cs = 9 192 631 770 Hz ." The dimension of the unit hertz
1748-413: The specific case of radioactivity , in becquerels . Whereas 1 Hz (one per second) specifically refers to one cycle (or periodic event) per second, 1 Bq (also one per second) specifically refers to one radionuclide event per second on average. Even though frequency, angular velocity , angular frequency and radioactivity all have the dimension T , of these only frequency is expressed using
1794-452: The three FM stations that made up REV105, donated 1400 and 1470 (soon to be renamed KLBP) to Minnesota Public Radio, where the two frequencies became part of the commercial Minnesota News Network (MNN). MPR sold its other station, WMNN , the MNN flagship station, along with the network in 2004, but retained KLBB and KLBP. By now, the "Club 14" simulcast was carrying a mix of local personalities and
1840-441: The two frequencies became part of the for-profit Minnesota News Network (MNN). The stations continued the adult standards/MOR format. In 2004, MPR sold off MNN and the statewide network's flagship AM station, WMNN , but retained KLBB and KLBP for the time being. By now, the "Club 14" simulcast was carrying a mix of local personalities and the " Music Of Your Life " radio network. The two stations were operated as The KLBB Company ,
1886-480: The unit hertz. Thus a disc rotating at 60 revolutions per minute (rpm) is said to have an angular velocity of 2 π rad/s and a frequency of rotation of 1 Hz . The correspondence between a frequency f with the unit hertz and an angular velocity ω with the unit radians per second is The hertz is named after Heinrich Hertz . As with every SI unit named for a person, its symbol starts with an upper case letter (Hz), but when written in full, it follows
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1932-638: The years, the station carried various formats under the call letters KANO (standing for " Anoka ") (also album rock as KTWN in 1979 and country music as KKKC in 1983). In 1984 the station brought back the KANO calls with a soft rock/oldies format with heavy emphasis on local sports and news before becoming KBCW in 1991, which broadcast a classic country music format. Additionally, the station increased its power from 1,000 watts to 5,000 watts and began 24-hour operation. Cargill Communications purchased both KLBB and KBCW in 1993, along with WTCX (105.1 FM) and WLOL (105.3 FM) for
1978-482: Was adopted by the General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) ( Conférence générale des poids et mesures ) in 1960, replacing the previous name for the unit, "cycles per second" (cps), along with its related multiples, primarily "kilocycles per second" (kc/s) and "megacycles per second" (Mc/s), and occasionally "kilomegacycles per second" (kMc/s). The term "cycles per second" was largely replaced by "hertz" by
2024-462: Was located for many years at 1030 AM , then at 740 AM in the Twin Cities until the call sign was picked up by AM 1010 in Sauk Rapids, Minnesota . KEEY-FM continues with those call letters at 102.1 FM, with a country format. In 2020, during protests over the murder of George Floyd , the station was knocked off the air on May 27 due to area power outages. During the overnight hours of May 28 to 29,
2070-433: Was negotiated to reduce interference between American radio stations and those from other countries. Noted jazz announcer Leigh Kamman started his career in broadcasting at the station around this time. For many years, the station's transmitter and single tower have enjoyed an enviable location in the center of the metro area. Since at least the late 1970s/early 1980s, the station's technical plant has been located within
2116-466: Was simulcast KLBB (1400 AM), which played big band , lounge and middle of the road (MOR) music (often referred to as adult standards ). Both stations were operated as The KLBB Company , a for-profit subsidiary of the Greenspring Company owned by American Public Media Group , which operates Minnesota Public Radio and other properties. MPR announced on May 25, 2005, that it had reached an agreement to sell both KLBB and KLBP to Davidson Media Group ,
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