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23-415: A notable exception from graveyards is the juru kunci who maintain a presence on the side of volcanoes such as Mbah Maridjan . At many graveyards, they are also the performers of tahlil and enforcers of the protocol of ziarah at their respective graveyards. When the graveyard has royal patronage (e.g. Yogyakarta or Surakartan ) the juru kunci is given a name, status, and a very limited honorarium and

46-401: A new gatekeeper soon". Maridjan was survived by his wife and five children. In 2012, Maridjan's son Asih Lurah Surakso Sihono was assigned as the new gatekeeper. Kraton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat The Royal Palace of Yogyakarta ( Indonesian : Keraton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat , Javanese : ꦏꦿꦠꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦔꦪꦺꦴꦒꦾꦏꦂꦠꦲꦢꦶꦤꦶꦔꦿꦠ꧀ , romanized:  Kadhaton Ngayogyakarta Adiningrat ) is

69-502: A palace complex in the city of Yogyakarta , Yogyakarta Special Region , Indonesia . It is the seat of the reigning Sultan of Yogyakarta and his family. The complex is a center of Javanese culture and contains a museum displaying royal artifacts. It is guarded by the Yogyakarta Kraton Guards ( Indonesian: Prajurit Keraton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat ). The complex was built in 1755–1756 ( AJ 1682) for Hamengkubuwono I ,

92-480: Is a palace. Keraton is the living quarters of the royal family. Tamarind and Spanish cherry trees line the road from Krapyak Hunting House to the palace, which runs from Tugu Yogyakarta to the palace. Tugu Yogyakarta (the Gilig golong monument), on the north side of the old city, symbolizes "unification between the king ( golong ) and the people ( gilig )" (Javanese: manunggaling kawulo gusti ). It also symbolizes

115-523: Is made of thick teak. Behind (or in front of) a gate in Javanese architecture is usually an insulating wall ( Renteng or Baturono ), sometimes with a distinctive, traditional ornament. The wooden buildings of the complex have a traditional Javanese architectural style , decorated with flora, fauna, or nature motifs. Foreign influences ( Portuguese , Dutch , and Chinese ) are also seen. The buildings are of joglo construction. The trapezoidal joglo roof

138-594: Is part of an extensive network of guardians over ancestral and sacred graves. Exemplary examples of the juru kunci at their most significant are at Imogiri and Kota Gede . Here the two palaces share the responsibility over the relevant sections of the graveyard. In West Java , a juru kunci is called kuncen . Another popular juru kunci is the Juru Kunci of The Forbidden Forest of the Upper Cibeet River , Ceceng Rusmana or Ki Juru Kunci Girang Tampian. He protects

161-400: Is usually covered with red or gray shingles, tiles, or zinc. It is supported by a central pillar ( soko guru ) and secondary pillars. Pillars are usually dark green or black, with yellow, llight green red or gold highlights. Other wooden building elements match the pillars in color. The stone pedestal ( Ompak ), the black color is combined with gold ornamentation. White dominates the walls of

184-562: The kraton (royal palace) and the people of Mataram (central Java)." During an interview in 2006, he said, "Everybody has their duty. Reporter, soldier, police, they have their duty. I also must stand here". Maridjan again refused to evacuate before the 26 October eruption in 2010, telling a friend that he could not leave because he had a responsibility, and that because "my time to die in this place has almost come, I can't leave." Thirteen other people, who were in his home trying to persuade him to leave, were killed along with him when his house

207-454: The 2010 eruption of Mount Merapi . Maridjan was the son of the previous guardian, Mbah Hargo. He was appointed to the palace staff of the Sultan of Yogyakarta , Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX , in 1970 and was given the title of Raden Ngabehi Surokso Hargo. He replaced his father as guardian in 1982. The spiritual guardian of the mountain is believed by local people to have the power to speak to

230-479: The Surakarta Sunanate ). The palace layout, which followed the basic design of the old city of Yogyakarta, was completed in 1755–1756; another building was added by a later Sultan of Yogyakarta. The complex consists of a courtyard covered with sand from the south coast, a main building, and a secondary building. The buildings are separated by a wall with a regol in semar tinandu style. The palace door

253-402: The bottom rank are also jokingly called juru kunci. This refers to the habit of the juru kunci to stay very close to or actually in the site they are guarding, and rarely travel far from the site they are guarding due to their responsibilities. Mbah Maridjan Mas Penewu Surakso Hargo , better known as Mbah Maridjan ("Grandfather Maridjan") (5 February 1927?  – 26 October 2010)

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276-426: The building and the complex. The floor, usually white marble or patterned tiles, is higher than the sandy courtyard. Some buildings have a higher main floor. Other buildings have a square stone ( Selo Gilang ) for the sultan's throne. Each building is classified by use. The main-class building (used by the sultan) has more ornamentation than the lower-class buildings, which have little or no ornamentation. A kraton

299-568: The final unity of the creator (Khalik) and his subjects. The Gate Donopratoro (gate to the Kedaton quarter) represents "a good person is someone who is generous and knows how to control his lust", and the two Dwarapala statues (Balabuta and Cinkarabala) represent good and evil. The palace's artifacts are believed to have the power to repulse evil. The palace hosts gamelan (music), Javanese dance , macapat (poetry), and wayang (shadow puppetry) performances. The Kraton Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat

322-603: The first Sultan of Yogyakarta . It was one of the monarch's first acts after the signing of the Treaty of Giyanti , which recognized the creation of the Sultanate of Yogyakarta under the Dutch East India Company . A banyan forest, protected from flooding due to its location between two rivers, was chosen as the site for the palace. On 20 June 1812, Sir Stamford Raffles led a 1,200-strong British and Irish force to attack

345-462: The forest which is sacred and holy from exploitation because that forbidden forest is heritage from his forefather in Dayeuhluhur , Cilacap , Java . The mission and philosophy of juru kunci is to lock all bad secrets and take care of all good things to make harmony between the community, tradition , and nature . Same with mandates from ancestors . Among football fans, teams who stayed at

368-445: The guardian sacrifices to the volcano spirits a set of ritual offerings including textiles, perfume, incense, money, and, every eight years, a horse saddle. He described his job, for which he was paid $ 1 a month, as being "to stop lava from flowing down. Let the volcano breathe, but not cough." Maridjan was known for his dedication and loyalty to the king and became an Indonesian icon. He lived only about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from

391-425: The peak in his home village of Kinahrejo. Many villagers believed that he would be warned in a vision if an eruption was imminent. In May 2006, he refused to leave his village despite a mandatory evacuation order after scientists warned of an imminent eruption. He went with fifty other men to the village mosque when the volcano began to erupt. Following his example, a hundred other families also refused to evacuate. He

414-471: The spirits of Mount Merapi, which the Javanese consider to be a sacred mountain. Maridjan led ceremonies to appease the spirits of the volcano by presenting them with offerings of rice and flowers in and around the crater. One of his most important duties was the performance of the annual Labuhan sacrificial ceremony dedicated to the spirits of Mount Merapi. A procession from the royal palace on Yogjakarta led by

437-556: The walled royal city of Yogyakarta. Although they outnumbered the British, the Javanese were unprepared for the attack. Yogyakarta fell in one day, and the palace was sacked and burnt. The attack was the first of its kind on a Javanese court, and the Sultanate briefly became subject to British authority before the British government returned control of Indonesia to the Dutch. Most of the current palace

460-410: Was badly burned in a subsequent blast and spent five months in hospital after being rescued from his collapsed house . He became a popular hero because he refused to leave his village and his insistence that it was his duty to discharge his responsibility for the welfare of the people. He said that "the people of Kinahrejo feel that it was their destiny to be born to be a fortress to protect the welfare of

483-479: Was built by Sultan Hamengkubuwono VIII (who reigned from 1921 to 1939) and was rebuilt after earthquakes in 1876 and 2006. The palace's chief architect was Sultan Hamengkubuwono I , who founded the Yogyakarta Sultanate . His architectural expertise was appreciated by the Dutch scientist Theodoor Gautier Thomas Pigeaud and Lucien Adam , who considered him a worthy successor of Pakubuwono II (founder of

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506-494: Was hit by a pyroclastic flow. Only the mosque in his village was left standing. Maridjan's body was found in a praying position; he was thought to have been killed instantly by the 1,000-degree-Celsius (1,830 °F) cloud of gas and ash. The Yogyakarta Palace subsequently confirmed his death. Gusti Prabukusumo, the brother of Sultan Hamengkubuwono X , said that they had "known long before it happened that Mbah Maridjan would be taken by Merapi. Now that he's gone, we have to choose

529-566: Was the spiritual guardian or "gatekeeper" of the Indonesian volcano Mount Merapi . His birthplace was in the mountainside hamlet (Javanese language- dukuh ) of Kinahrejo , Umbulharjo Village, Cangkringan District, of the Sleman Regency , on the island of Java in Indonesia. He was killed at the age of 83 by a pyroclastic flow that destroyed his home in the village of Kinahrejo during

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