Juddmonte Farms is a horse breeding farm, owned until his death on 12 January 2021 by Prince Khalid bin Abdullah of Saudi Arabia .
120-1030: Juddmonte Farms consists of a variety of individual farms: four in England, two in Ireland, and two in Kentucky , United States. Established in 1977, Juddmonte is highly regarded in particular for their 200-plus broodmare band. The farm has owned five horses named Broodmare of the Year in the U.S. or Britain: Slightly Dangerous, dam of stakes winners Commander in Chief , Warning , Yashmak, Dushyantor and Jibe; Hasili , dam of stakes winners Dansili , Banks Hill , Intercontinental , Heat Haze, Cacique and Champs Elysees ; Toussaud, dam of stakes winners Empire Maker , Chester House , Honest Lady, Chiselling and Decarchy; Arrive, dam of Visit and Promising Lead; Binche, dam of Byword and Proviso; and Concentric, dam of Enable . The farm's first major victory
240-584: A Mississippian culture took root in western and central Kentucky and a Fort Ancient culture appeared in eastern Kentucky. While the two had many similarities, the distinctive ceremonial earthwork mounds constructed in the former's centers were not part of the culture of the latter. Fort Ancient settlements depended largely on corn, beans, and squash, and practiced a system of agriculture that prevented ecological degradation by rotating crops, burning sections of forest to create ideal habitat for wild game, relocating villages every 10–30 years, and continually shifting
360-662: A European Group 1 race when Cracksman won the Champion Stakes in October 2017. As a result, his stud fee rose from the initial £125,000 to £175,000. In 2018, Frankel reached 20 Northern Hemisphere Group winners faster than any other European sire in the history of the Pattern and was second only to his sire Galileo in terms of Group winners foaled from 2014 to 2016 north of the Equator. His 2018 Group winners included Without Parole, winner of
480-425: A fairer English translation "The Land of Those Who Became Our Fathers". In any case, the word aki means "land" in most Algonquian languages. The first archaeological evidence of human occupation of Kentucky is approximately 9500BCE, and it was Clovis culture, primitive hunter-gatherers with stone tools. Around 1800 BCE, a gradual transition began from a hunter-gatherer economy to agriculturalism. Around 900 CE,
600-689: A field including subsequent Group 1 winners Nathaniel and Colour Vision on his debut before winning the Royal Lodge Stakes by ten lengths and the Dewhurst Stakes in which he defeated the Middle Park Stakes winner Dream Ahead . As a three-year-old, he won the Classic 2000 Guineas by six lengths, the St James's Palace Stakes at Royal Ascot, defeated the outstanding older miler Canford Cliffs in
720-497: A field which included Excelebration and Strong Suit, respectively ranked the equal second and the equal fifth best three-year-old colts in the world by the IFHA in 2011. Frankel took the lead three furlongs from the finish and drew steadily clear to win by eleven lengths from Excelebration. Frankel ran the penultimate furlong in a time of 10.58 seconds, which equates to a top speed of over 42 mph. The Guardian's correspondent described
840-539: A final career start. Cecil said in October 2011 that he believed his charge would improve for another winter and that the horse "will get a mile and a quarter very easily". The Newmarket trainer added: "He's really beginning to grow up. You're going to see a better horse next year and he's pretty good as he is." Reports surfaced that Frankel had suffered an injury to his off-fore on Wednesday 11 April while working on Racecourse Side in Newmarket. A statement from Juddmonte,
960-559: A good deal from his first race and hopefully he will do the same this season. He has strengthened and grown up a great deal mentally. All being well his next start will be at Ascot in either the Queen Anne or the Prince of Wales , the former being my first preference at the moment, but we will see." On 19 June Frankel started at odds of 1/10 for the Queen Anne Stakes at Royal Ascot against
1080-407: A length. Following the race, Queally received criticism from a number of quarters for what some considered to be an ill-judged ride, since the mid-race move appeared possibly to have taken too much of a toll on the horse. Despite claims from Cecil and Queally that Frankel was merely idling in front, some observers saw the race as the first time the colt looked less than invulnerable. The Sussex Stakes
1200-770: A major slave market and departure port for slaves being transported down the Ohio River. Kentucky was a heavily divided slave state during the American Civil War . Though the state had dueling Union and Confederate state governments, Kentucky was never an official component of the Confederacy. Kentucky was one of the Southern border states during the war, and it remained neutral within the Union . Despite this, representatives from 68 of 110 counties met at Russellville calling themselves
1320-566: A margin of two points. In January 2013 they announced that their ratings had been recalibrated, since it was believed that in the early years of the scheme horses had been treated more generously than more recently. Frankel's rating was confirmed at 140, but Dancing Brave was reduced from 141 to 138, Alleged from 140 to 134 and Shergar from 140 to 136. Since 1900, of British-bred racehorses only Ribot has won more races and finished his career unbeaten (racing largely in Italy). Frankel's performance in
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#17328943808061440-605: A mile (eight furlongs) as a two and three-year-old, his four-year-old campaign was expected to comprise some of the premier ten-furlong middle-distance races in the calendar. In October 2011 Teddy Grimthorpe, racing manager to Prince Khalid Abdulla, mentioned "the Eclipse and the Juddmonte " as potential targets later in the 2012 season, while it was possible that the horse might contest the Breeders' Cup Mile or Classic at Santa Anita as
1560-469: A mile and a quarter, following which his retirement from racing was announced. After his win in the Queen Elizabeth II Stakes at Ascot in October 2011, Frankel was given a rating of 143 by Timeform , the highest mark awarded by the organisation in over forty years and their fourth highest of all time behind Sea Bird , Brigadier Gerard and Tudor Minstrel . In June 2012, following his win in
1680-489: A military veteran from Virginia, was elected its first Governor. The central Bluegrass region and the western portion of the state were the areas with the most slave owners . Planters cultivated tobacco and hemp on plantations with the use of slave labor, and were noted for their quality livestock . During the 19th century, Kentucky slaveholders began to sell unneeded slaves to the Deep South , with Louisville becoming
1800-544: A one-mile maiden race at Newmarket on soft ground. He broke slowly, and was held up by jockey Queally before making headway two furlongs out. He led inside the final furlong and ran on to win "readily" by half a length from John Gosden's future King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes winner Nathaniel . Four weeks later, Frankel ran in the Frank Whittle Conditions Stakes over seven furlongs at Doncaster . Only two horses opposed him (second favourite Farhh
1920-663: A period known as the Beaver Wars (1640–1680), another Algonquian tribe called the Maumee , or Mascouten was chased out of southern Michigan. The vast majority of them moved to Kentucky, pushing the Kispoko east and war broke out with the Tutelo of North Carolina and Virginia that pushed them further north and east. The Maumee were closely related to the Miami from Indiana. Later, the Kispoko merged with
2040-579: A record 29,006 birds taken during the 23-day season in spring 2009. In 1991 the Land Between the Lakes partnered with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for the Red Wolf Recovery Program, a captive breeding program. Kentucky is subdivided into 120 counties , the largest being Pike County at 787.6 square miles (2,040 km ), and the most populous being Jefferson County (which coincides with
2160-491: A refusal to sell their crops to the major tobacco companies. An Association meeting occurred in downtown Guthrie , where a vigilante wing of "Night Riders", formed. The riders terrorized farmers who sold their tobacco at the low prices demanded by the tobacco corporations. They burned several tobacco warehouses throughout the area, stretching as far west as Hopkinsville to Princeton . In the later period of their operation, they were known to physically assault farmers who broke
2280-463: A row set by Rock of Gibraltar . After the race trainer Cecil said "It's fantastic. It's great for Yorkshire and they deserved to see him." He was attending the racecourse after missing Frankel's previous win due to ill health and said the win made him feel "twenty years better." Writing a few days after the race, Marcus Armytage said: "Forget ratings, handicappers' assessments or any other method by which you measure one racehorse against another, it
2400-601: A style which pleased Cecil. On 19 May, Frankel made his first appearance of the year in the Group 1 Lockinge Stakes at Newbury. Amongst his five rivals was old rival Excelebration , who had since moved to the Ballydoyle stable of Aidan O'Brien from Marco Botti's yard in Newmarket and, as an easy winner of the Gladness Stakes the previous month, had the advantage of race fitness. However, Frankel – always ahead of Excelebration in
2520-573: A vote in 2012 Eclipse Award Horse of the Year category, while Frankel didn't race outside of Britain. Frankel stands at stud at Banstead Manor Stud at Cheveley in Cambridgeshire , where he was born. He covered his first mares on Valentine's Day, February 2013. His 2013 stud fee was £125,000. In 2020, his fee was £175,000. In his first season, he covered 133 mares, including 2011 Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe winner Danedream , three times Nassau Stakes winner Midday , and 2011 Kentucky Broodmare of
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#17328943808062640-555: A while, but by Saturday the world No 1 was so laid-back he fell out of the stalls half-asleep." Hayward quoted Cecil as saying after the race: "I've probably got him too relaxed. It used to be the other way round." In 2021, Frankel became one of two inaugural Hall of Famers to be inducted into the British Champions Series Hall of Fame. In 2023, he was voted the People's Champion by Racing Post readers. Frankel also receive
2760-535: A will to win like no other horse I've ridden." Lord Grimthorpe, the racing manager to the horse's owner, Khalid Abdullah, said: "There are two obvious races for him, the Juddmonte and the Champion Stakes [Ascot, October 20], but there is a gap of nearly two months between them, and Henry may decide to give him a race in between, possibly something like the Prix du Moulin [Longchamp, September 16]." On 22 August, Frankel won
2880-676: Is a daughter of champion sire Danehill . Although Galileo won The Derby , doubts surfaced over whether Frankel's staying power would be sufficient for the mile-and-a-half Classic. Frankel was instead targeted towards a three-year-old campaign over a mile, his first main target being the 2000 Guineas. Frankel's dam , Kind, is a half-sister to Group 1 Arlington Million winner Powerscourt , Group 2 Ribblesdale Stakes winner Riposte and Group 3 Prix de Barbeville winner Last Train. Retired to paddocks in 2006, she has thus far foaled three horses to have won Group races: Frankel's three-parts brother Bullet Train – often his work companion and pacemaker – won
3000-406: Is believed to have once been a lush open woodland environment similar to oak savanna with abundant thickets of river cane , a species of bamboo , was once described by E. Lucy Braun as having the most "anomalous" plant life of the whole Eastern United States. Kentucky's natural environment has suffered greatly from destructive human activities that began after European colonization, particularly
3120-791: Is divided into eastern, central and western sub-regions, the latter known as the Pennyrile); the Western Coal Field ; and the far-western Jackson Purchase , the northernmost extension of the Mississippian Embayment, west and south of the Tennessee River. The Bluegrass region is commonly divided into two regions, the Inner Bluegrass encircling 90 miles (140 km) around Lexington , and the Outer Bluegrass that contains most of
3240-464: Is included in the boundaries of Fulton County . Road access to this small part of Kentucky on the Mississippi River (populated by 18 people as of 2010 ) requires traveling through Tennessee. The epicenter of the 1811–12 New Madrid earthquakes was near this area, causing the Mississippi River to flow backwards in some places. Though the series of quakes changed the area geologically and affected
3360-451: Is known as the "Bluegrass State" in reference to Kentucky bluegrass , a species of grass introduced by European settlers which has long supported the state's thoroughbred horse industry. The fertile soil in the central and western parts of the state led to the development of large tobacco plantations similar to those in Virginia and North Carolina , which utilized enslaved labor prior to
3480-480: Is unlikely that the world in either this or any previous generation has ever seen a better racehorse than Frankel ... What makes him unique is his ability to go a top class sprinter's pace over distance ... he is a lightning strike of genetics which may not be repeated for 100 years." Frankel was expected to have only one more race in his career, and to stand as a stallion from 2013. Having demonstrated at York his ability comfortably to stay ten furlongs, there
3600-770: The Big Sandy River and Tug Fork to the east. Its major internal rivers include the Kentucky River , Tennessee River , Cumberland River , Green River , and Licking River . Though it has only three major natural lakes, Kentucky is home to many artificial lakes . It has the largest artificial lakes east of the Mississippi in both water volume ( Lake Cumberland ) and surface area ( Kentucky Lake ). Kentucky Lake's 2,064 miles (3,322 km) of shoreline, 160,300 acres (64,900 hectares) of water surface, and 4,008,000 acre-feet (4.9 billion cubic meters ) of flood storage are
3720-611: The Breeders' Cup Classic with Arrogate in 2016, and the Breeders' Cup Mile with Expert Eye and Breeders' Cup Turf with Enable in 2018. In the United Kingdom, Prince Khalid bin Abdullah has won the British flat racing Champion Owner Title in 2003, 2010 and 2011, with horses such as Oasis Dream , Derby winner Workforce , Byword , Classic winner Special Duty , Timepiece , Twice Over , Midday and 10-time Group 1 winner Frankel ,
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3840-617: The Colony of Virginia , whose geographical extent was south of the Ohio and Allegheny Rivers beyond the Appalachian Mountains , became known to European Americans as Kentucky (or Kentucke) country . It was named for the Kentucky River , a tributary of the Ohio. The precise etymology of the name is uncertain. One theory sees the word based on an Iroquoian name meaning "(on) the meadow" or "(on)
3960-561: The Louisville Metro governmental area ) with 772,144 residents as of 2023 . Frankel (horse) Frankel (foaled 11 February 2008) is a retired champion British Thoroughbred racehorse and current sire. He was unbeaten in his fourteen-race career and was the highest-rated racehorse in the world from May 2011. He was trained by Henry Cecil in Newmarket and ridden in all his races by Tom Queally . In 2010 Frankel defeated
4080-415: The Queen Anne Stakes at Royal Ascot, Timeform raised its provisional rating to 147, making him the highest-rated horse in the organisation's history. In January 2013 Timeform announced that his final rating at the end of his racing career was also 147. The World Thoroughbred Racehorse Rankings Committee rank Frankel as the best racehorse they have assessed since their ratings were introduced in 1977, by
4200-513: The Queen Elizabeth II Stakes at Ascot's inaugural QIPCO British Champions Day on 15 October. Despite his reputation, Frankel did not scare off the opposition on 15 October as a strong eight-horse field was declared for Queen Elizabeth II Stakes. The runners included Excelebration , the Prix du Moulin de Longchamp winner, the Coronation Stakes and Prix Jacques Le Marois winner Immortal Verse and Dick Turpin . The previous year's winner of
4320-784: The Revolutionary War . The county was subdivided into Jefferson , Lincoln and Fayette Counties in 1780, but continued to be administered as the District of Kentucky even as new counties were split off. On several occasions the region's residents petitioned the General Assembly and the Confederation Congress for separation from Virginia and statehood . Ten constitutional conventions were held in Danville between 1784 and 1792. One petition, which had Virginia's assent, came before
4440-659: The Shawnee , who migrated from the east and the Ohio River valley. A persistent myth, perpetuated in many popular and scholarly works, alleges that Native Americans never lived permanently in Kentucky, but rather used it only as a "hunting ground." According to early Kentucky historians, early European settlers encountered extensive evidence of permanent, advanced settlements, including numerous burial mounds, copper and stone artifacts , and what early historians describe as "fortifications:" large sites consisting of extensive walls enclosing
4560-522: The St James's Palace Stakes at Royal Ascot (at which Frankel was the leading sire) and Cracksman , who won a second Champion Stakes to become the first horse since his sire to win at successive British Champions Days. Frankel's percentage of stakes horses to runners was 27%. Frankel was the leading sire in Great Britain and Ireland in 2021, with progeny earnings of over £5.2 million pounds. His leading performers were Adayar and Hurricane Lane, winners of
4680-611: The Sussex Stakes at Goodwood followed by the Juddmonte Stakes at York would be Frankel's next two races. On 1 August Frankel repeated his previous year's victory in the Sussex Stakes at Goodwood. Starting at odds of 1/20 against only three rivals, he won by six lengths from Farhh . With this victory, Frankel equalled the record for consecutive European Group 1 victories (seven in a row) set by Rock of Gibraltar , and also became
4800-596: The "Convention of the People of Kentucky" and passed an Ordinance of Secession on November 20, 1861. They established a Confederate government of Kentucky with its capital in Bowling Green , and Kentucky was officially admitted into the Confederacy on December 10, 1861, as the 13th Confederate state with full recognition in Richmond. The Confederate shadow government was never popularly elected statewide, though 116 delegates were sent representing 68 Kentucky counties which at
4920-538: The 14th and youngest-ever Vice President was born in Lexington, Kentucky at Cabell's Dale Farm. Breckenridge was expelled from the U. S. Senate for his support of the Confederacy. Henry W. Grady, editor of the Atlanta Constitution, coined the term New South in 1874, urging transformation from an agrarian economy to a modern industrial one. On January 30, 1900, Governor William Goebel , flanked by two bodyguards,
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5040-455: The 2000 Guineas has been described as "one of the greatest displays on a British racecourse". Since retiring to stud, Frankel has developed into an outstanding sire whose notable offspring include Classic winners Adayar (Epsom Derby), Hurricane Lane (Irish Derby, St Leger), Logician (St Leger), Anapurna (Epsom Oaks), Hungry Heart (Australian Oaks) and Soul Stirring (Japanese Oaks), as well as Alpinista ( Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe ). He
5160-586: The Articles of Confederation" only, but not "under the Constitution", and so declined to take action. On December 18, 1789, Virginia again gave its consent to Kentucky statehood. The United States Congress gave its approval on February 4, 1791. (This occurred two weeks before Congress approved Vermont 's petition for statehood. ) Kentucky officially became the fifteenth state in the Union on June 1, 1792. Isaac Shelby ,
5280-529: The Confederation Congress in early July 1788. Unfortunately, its consideration came up a day after word of New Hampshire 's all-important ninth ratification of the proposed Constitution , thus establishing it as the new framework of governance for the United States. In light of this development, Congress thought that it would be "unadvisable" to admit Kentucky into the Union, as it could do so "under
5400-468: The Grand National at Aintree spread that Frankel had been retired. This claim was rejected by Grimthorpe and, later, the second scan showed no damage. On 25 April, Frankel worked for the first time after incurring his injury and, on 5 May, Frankel took part in a public exercise gallop at Newmarket. He pulled clear of his work companions Bullet Train and Jet Away in the closing stages of the workout in
5520-447: The Group 1 Critérium International at Saint-Cloud and then the Irish 2,000 Guineas as a three-year-old. The next day, Cecil said: "Frankel unfortunately got a nasty bump leaving the stalls and that gave him a shock and the result was he ran very free ... things don't always go as one would hope and I don't think the ground helped either." Frankel's prep-race for the 2000 Guineas and
5640-414: The Group 1 Middle Park Stakes a fortnight earlier and Saamidd, winner of Doncaster's Champagne Stakes and labelled "Pegasus" by his Godolphin stable. Frankel was restrained by Queally before moving up to take the lead a furlong from the finish. He won the race "comfortably" by two and a quarter lengths, despite hanging to the right in the closing stages. The runner-up, Roderic O'Connor , subsequently won
5760-497: The Group 3 Lingfield Derby Trial , while Frankel's full-brother Noble Mission , after winning the Listed Newmarket Stakes and finishing second in the Group 2 King Edward VII Stakes at Royal Ascot , went on to win the Group 3 Gordon Stakes at Glorious Goodwood ; he ultimately went on to win three Group 1s for Cecil's widow, Lady Jane Cecil, the last being the Champion Stakes at Ascot, emulating Frankel's last win in
5880-628: The Juddmonte Royal Lodge Stakes at Ascot , a race sponsored by his owner Khalid Abdullah. The race was notable for Frankel's mid-race move around the home turn, and the colt beat subsequent Horris Hill Stakes winner Klammer by 10 lengths. Treasure Beach , The Derby runner-up and Irish Derby winner the following year, was beaten just under 11 lengths. After the race, Peter Scargill of Racing Post said that "the jockey merely pushed his mount out hands and heels to win by ten lengths – it could've easily been more". His trainer said: "He
6000-512: The Juddmonte International Stakes at York. This race was over 10 furlongs and was the first time that he raced over more than a mile. Consequently, there was much anticipation as to whether he would stay the extra distance. Starting at odds of 1/10 against eight rivals, he barely came off the bridle to win easily by seven lengths from Farhh, who was a nose ahead of four-time Group 1 winner St Nicholas Abbey in third. Most striking,
6120-507: The Mississippi, there is no evidence French or Spanish explorers set foot in the lands south of the Ohio, notwithstanding speculations about Hernando de Soto and Robert de la Salle. The terrain in those days was not surveyed, so there is some uncertainty whether and to what extent the early English explorers out of Virginia set foot on the land. Confounding the issue is that the region south of the Ohio/Allegheny later known as Kentucky country
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#17328943808066240-463: The North Carolina border (today Tennessee) extending to the Mississippi River, previously most of what was known as Kentucky (or Kentucke) country , was split off into its own county of Kentucky . Harrod's Town (Oldtown as it was known at the time) was named the county seat. A 1790 U.S. government report states that 1,500 Kentucky settlers had been killed by Native Americans since the end of
6360-446: The Ohio River and continued to maintain only small or transient settlements. This upheaval likely led the settlers to believe that Kentucky was a hunting ground contested by multiple tribes but not permanently inhabited, when in reality it had only recently been abandoned due to social and political turmoil. European explorers arrived in Kentucky possibly as early as 1671. While French explorers surely spied Kentucky during expeditions on
6480-414: The Ohio River, will be in Kentucky for about two miles (3 km). Ellis Park , a thoroughbred racetrack, is located in this small piece of Kentucky. Waterworks Road is part of the only land border between Indiana and Kentucky. Kentucky has a non-contiguous part known as Kentucky Bend , at the far west corner of the state. It exists as an exclave surrounded completely by Missouri and Tennessee , and
6600-731: The Queen Elizabeth II Stakes, the Godolphin-trained Poet's Voice , also featured. Frankel won by 4 lengths, with Group 1 winners Excelebration and Immortal Verse filling the minor placings. It was the third time that Excelebration had succumbed to the Cecil-trained star. He was given a Timeform rating of 143 at the end of his three-year-old career, moving him up to fourth in the Timeform all-time flat rating list. Whilst hitherto Frankel had contested races over no further than
6720-518: The U.S. for the bigger purse Grade 1 races. In the 1980s, Juddmonte also enjoyed success with Guy Harwood (father of Amanda Perrett) and Jeremy Tree in Britain and with Maurice Zilber in France. In France former French National Hunt Champion Jockey Vincent Cheminaud is currently retained by Juddmonte. In Britain, Pat Eddery , Richard Hughes and James Doyle have been retained to ride Juddmonte horses in
6840-422: The Year ( Banks Hill , Enable ), Two-Year-Old Colt of the Year ( Zafonic , Frankel ), Two-Year-Old Filly of the Year ( Special Duty ), Top Older Horse of the Year ( Frankel , Noble Mission , Enable ), Top Sprinter of the Year ( Oasis Dream ) and the Award of Merit. In France, Prince Khalid bin Abdullah has won the French Champion Owner Title in 2002, 2003, 2006, 2015 and 2017. In Ireland the Champion Owner Title
6960-425: The best racehorse in the world. Following Frankel's win, rumours abounded that Cecil would aim him at the Juddmonte International Stakes at York in mid-August. The race, over a mile and a quarter, would be the first time Frankel would contest a race over that distance. However, after consideration with owner Prince Khalid Abdulla, Cecil announced the following day that the colt would have only one more race in 2011, in
7080-441: The biggest winning margin since Tudor Minstrel in 1947. The performance was described as "barely believable", while Paul Curtis of the Racing Post said afterwards that "Frankel's astonishing performance puts him firmly in the superstar status". Although he was the long-time favourite for the 2011 Epsom Derby, stamina doubts meant that Frankel did not run in what many consider racing's Blue Riband race. Instead, his next start
7200-457: The bluegrass heartland of Kentucky. While the Cherokee did not settle in Kentucky, they hunted there. They relinquished their hunting rights there in an extra-legal private contract with speculator Richard Henderson called Treaty of Sycamore Shoals in 1775. On December 31, 1776, by an act of the Virginia General Assembly , the portion of Fincastle County west of the Big Sandy River (including today's Tug Fork tributary) terminating at
7320-417: The boycott. Governor Augustus E. Willson declared martial law and deployed the Kentucky National Guard to end the wars. Kentucky is situated in the Upland South . A significant portion of eastern Kentucky is part of Appalachia . Kentucky borders seven states, from the Midwest and the Southeast . West Virginia lies to the northeast, Virginia to the east, Tennessee to the south, Missouri to
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#17328943808067440-445: The colt would improve dramatically for the outing before the Newmarket Classic. On 30 April, Frankel was the shortest-priced favourite in the race since 1974 at odds of 1/2. He jumped straight to the lead, surprising many of the jockeys in the race, and had the horse in second place, Racing Post Trophy winner Casamento, off the bridle after only three furlongs. Frankel had a lead of around 15 lengths by half way and won by six lengths;
7560-431: The colt's participation had been in doubt until Lord Grimthorpe walked the course on the morning of the race and gave the go ahead. In spite of losing several lengths at the start he beat the previous year's victor Cirrus des Aigles by one and three-quarter lengths, with Nathaniel a further two and a half lengths back in third. He had attracted a sell-out crowd of 32,000, who cheered him home from three furlongs out. After
7680-470: The conversion of natural habitat to farmland and coal mining . Kentucky has an expansive park system, which includes one national park, two National Recreation Areas, two National Historic Parks, two national forests , two National Wildlife Refuges, 45 state parks , 37,896 acres (153 km ) of state forest, and 82 wildlife management areas . Kentucky has been part of two of the most successful wildlife reintroduction projects in United States history. In
7800-403: The days of Tudor Minstrel and match races, but he's the best in my lifetime." During the interview Cecil also said that he had expected the colt to win easily, despite having ample respect for his horse's rival Canford Cliffs. After the victory, the British Horseracing Authority raised Frankel's official rating from 130 (tied with Australian horse Black Caviar ) to 135, making him officially
7920-441: The death of Sir Henry Cecil and the retirement of his wife, Lady Jane Cecil, after a brief but successful career. In 2006, Dermot Weld became a trainer for Juddmonte in Ireland, and Ger Lyons became a Juddmonte trainer in 2018. In France horses are sent to André Fabre , Henri-Francois Devin and Francis-Henri Graffard. Successful horses on the European scene were often sent late in their three-year-old career to Robert J. Frankel in
8040-430: The eighteenth century, epidemics of disease had destabilized and changed the indigenous groups that inhabited Kentucky, causing some to reassemble into multi-tribal towns, and others to disperse further from the sphere of European influence. Around the end of the French and Indian War, as European settlers began to claim parts of the Bluegrass State, Native Americans abandoned their larger, more permanent villages south of
8160-455: The far north as an average annual temperature and of 60 °F (16 °C) in the extreme southwest. In general, Kentucky has relatively hot, humid , rainy summers, and moderately cold and rainy winters. Mean maximum temperatures in July vary from 83 to 90 °F (28 to 32 °C); the mean minimum July temperatures are 61 to 69 °F (16 to 21 °C). In January the mean maximum temperatures range from 36 to 44 °F (2 to 7 °C);
8280-440: The first horse to win the Sussex Stakes twice. After the race, Queally said: "Every moment spent on Frankel's back is a special moment. He is amazing and had all the others cooked at halfway. It was a nice prep for his next race. He is a class apart from any other horse around and does it all very easily ... Turning into the straight, I slipped him an inch of rein. You don't have to do much on him. He's so competitive and he has
8400-410: The first start of his three-year-old career was the Greenham Stakes at Newbury on 16 April over seven furlongs. He defeated Excelebration – who went on to win the Mehl-Mülhens-Rennen (German 2000 Guineas) by seven lengths and the Group 1 Prix du Moulin de Longchamp that season – by four lengths, showing his customary turn of foot around a furlong from home. Following the race, Cecil insisted that
8520-463: The flat tops of bluffs, cliffs or mountains, constructed from stone that was quarried in the surrounding valleys and brought up to the summit. These sites and artifacts were sometimes explained as being the remnants of a "lost" white race, or some variously identified ethnic group predating and distinct from the Native Americans. More recent scholarship identifies the mound builders as the Mississippian and Fort Ancient peoples, which were distinct from
8640-583: The following: 37°55′46″N 84°26′42″W / 37.92953°N 84.44512°W / 37.92953; -84.44512 Kentucky Kentucky ( US : / k ə n ˈ t ʌ k i / , UK : / k ɛ n -/ ), officially the Commonwealth of Kentucky , is a landlocked state in the Southeastern region of the United States . It borders Illinois , Indiana , and Ohio to
8760-518: The freezing point vary from about sixty days in the southwest to more than a hundred days in the far-north and far-east. Kentucky has the second-most navigable miles of water among U.S. states, second to Alaska . Kentucky is the only state to have a continuous border of rivers running along three of its sides – the Mississippi River to the west, the Ohio River to the north, and
8880-571: The highest rated thoroughbred racehorse in history. A Champion Owner Title was also achieved in Ireland 1993. To date, Prince Khalid bin Abdullah and Juddmonte horses have won 21 Cartier Racing Award titles, also known as the European Horse of the Year Awards. Wins include Horse of the Year ( Frankel (twice), Kingman , and Enable ), Three-Year-Old Colt of the Year ( Commander in Chief , Workforce , Frankel and Kingman ), Three-Year-Old Filly of
9000-505: The indigenous cultures encountered by settlers, although sharing the same origin in Paleoindian groups that inhabited the area for at least 12,000 years. Beginning in the seventeenth century, before indigenous groups in Kentucky made direct contact with Europeans, articles of European origin such as glass beads entered the region via trade routes , and the appearance of mass graves suggests that European diseases were also introduced. By
9120-440: The interior of the state. French explorers in the 17th century documented numerous tribes living in Kentucky until the Beaver Wars in the 1670s; however, by the time that European colonial explorers and settlers began entering Kentucky in greater numbers in the mid-18th century, there were no major Native American settlements in the region. The Chickasaw had territory up to the confluence of Mississippi and Ohio rivers. During
9240-603: The location of fields to maintain plots of land in various stages of ecological succession . In about the 10th century, the Kentucky native people's variety of corn became highly productive, supplanting the Eastern Agricultural Complex and replacing it with maize-based agriculture in the Mississippian era . As of the 16th century, what became Kentucky was home to tribes from diverse linguistic groups. The Kispoko , an Algonquian-speaking tribe, controlled much of
9360-457: The mean minimum temperatures range from 19 to 26 °F (−7 to −3 °C). Temperature means vary with northern and far-eastern mountain regions averaging five degrees cooler year-round, compared to the relatively warmer areas of the southern and western regions of the state. Precipitation varies north to south with the north averaging of 38 to 40 inches (970 to 1,020 mm), and the south averaging of 50 inches (1,300 mm). Days per year below
9480-478: The most of any lake in the Tennessee Valley Authority system. Kentucky's 90,000 miles (140,000 km) of streams provides one of the most expansive and complex stream systems in the nation. Kentucky hosts multiple habitats with a high number of endemic species, including some of the most extensive cave systems in the world. 102 known species are endemic to the state. The Bluegrass region, which
9600-542: The much-anticipated Sussex Stakes at Goodwood and won the Queen Elizabeth II Stakes at Ascot. Frankel extended his unbeaten record in 2012 by winning the Lockinge Stakes , the Queen Anne Stakes and then the Sussex Stakes for a second time. In August he was moved up to a mile and a quarter for the first time and won the International Stakes at York . In October he won the Champion Stakes at Ascot, again over
9720-426: The north, West Virginia to the northeast, Virginia to the east, Tennessee to the south, and Missouri to the west. Its northern border is defined by the Ohio River . Its capital is Frankfort and its most populous city is Louisville . As of 2020, the state's population was approximately 4.5 million. Previously part of Virginia, Kentucky was admitted into the Union as the fifteenth state on June 1, 1792. It
9840-604: The northern portion of the state, above the Knobs . Much of the outer Bluegrass is in the Eden Shale Hills sub-region, made up of short, steep, and very narrow hills. The alluvial plain of the Ohio River is another geological region, as is the area south and east of Pine Mountain, part of the Ridge and Valley Belt of Appalachia. Most of Kentucky has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen: Cfa ), with small Appalachian highland areas of
9960-865: The number of automobiles and trucks assembled. It is one of several states considered part of the Upland South . The state is home to the world's longest known cave system in Mammoth Cave National Park , the greatest length of navigable waterways and streams in the contiguous United States , and the nation's two largest artificial lakes east of the Mississippi River . Cultural aspects of Kentucky include horse racing , bourbon , moonshine , coal mining , My Old Kentucky Home State Park , automobile manufacturing, tobacco, Southern cuisine , barbecue , bluegrass music , college basketball , Louisville Slugger baseball bats, and Kentucky Fried Chicken . Prior to 1769, Botetourt County and successor counties in
10080-479: The operation of Frankel's owner Khalid Abdullah, read: "He is such an extravagant mover that he hit himself. At this stage the injury looks superficial but he will be kept monitored over the next few days." Frankel had a scan which came up clear but, due to filling in the injury, a scan for the following week was arranged to arrive at a more definitive diagnosis once that filling had dissipated. Before this second scan, rumours sparked by TV reports during coverage of
10200-462: The passage of the Thirteenth Amendment . Kentucky ranks fifth nationally in goat farming, eighth in beef cattle production, and fourteenth in corn production. While Kentucky has been a long-standing center for the tobacco industry, its economy has diversified into non-agricultural sectors including auto manufacturing, energy production, and medicine. Kentucky ranks fourth among US states in
10320-1267: The past. In Ireland, Pat Smullen regularly rode Juddmonte horses. The Juddmonte Group's CEO is Douglas Erskine Crum. The studs in England are managed by Simon Mockridge, in Ireland by Barry Mahon and in Kentucky by Garrett O'Rourke. Teddy Grimthorpe is employed as Juddmonte's racing manager in Europe, while Garrett O'Rourke is employed as Juddmonte's racing manager in the U.S. In the United States, Juddmonte horses—including Classic winner Empire Maker , Aptitude, Flute, Heat Haze, First Defence, Ventura , Sightseek , Intercontinental and former European racers such as Beat Hollow and Champs Elysees were trained by Robert Frankel for more than two decades prior to Frankel's death in November, 2009. They are now being trained by Bill Mott , Brad Cox, Bob Baffert and also by former assistant to Robert Frankel, Chad Brown [REDACTED] Great Britain [REDACTED] Ireland [REDACTED] France [REDACTED] United States [REDACTED] Canada [REDACTED] Hong Kong [REDACTED] United Arab Emirates Horses managed by Juddmonte listed among their most successful include
10440-473: The performance as possibly the greatest in the history of Thoroughbred racing. Timeform responded to the win by raising Frankel's provisional rating to 147, the highest in the organisation's history, two pounds in advance of the 145 recorded in 1965 by Sea-Bird . However the British Horseracing Authority 's handicapper , Dominic Gardiner-Hill, was more cautious. He rated the horse at 140, which
10560-443: The prairie" (cf. Mohawk kenhtà:ke , Seneca gëdá'geh ( phonemic /kɛ̃taʔkɛh/ ), "at the field"). Another theory suggests a derivation from the term Kenta Aki , which could have come from an Algonquian language , in particular from Shawnee . Folk etymology translates this as "Land of Our Fathers". The closest approximation in another Algonquian language, Ojibwe , translates as "Land of Our In-Laws", thus making
10680-404: The race Prince Khalid Abdullah confirmed that the horse would be retired to stud. Corine Barande-Barbe, trainer of Cirrus des Aigles, magnanimously said after the race: "It was a great day and it was like a victory to make Frankel gallop." Teddy Grimthorpe commented: "The way everyone has reacted to Frankel and Henry has been one of the great sporting stories of the year if not for many years. It
10800-438: The race – tracked his pacemaker Bullet Train before moving into the lead two furlongs from the finish, pulling clear to win by five lengths. The Guardian 's correspondent described the "aura" surrounding Frankel as "surreal". Cecil was measured in his praise, pointing out that the horse was not at his best and would probably improve as the season progressed. Cecil subsequently said: "Over the last two seasons Frankel has come on
10920-574: The same contest. Kind is also dam of Listed winner and Group performer Joyeuse. As a descendant of the broodmare Circassia, Frankel is from the same branch of Thoroughbred family 1-k which also produced the 2000 Guineas winner Don't Forget Me . Frankel is bred on the Galileo-Danehill cross, a notable nick that is also apparent in the pedigrees of Group 1 winners Teofilo , Golden Lilac , Roderic O'Connor , Maybe , Intello and Cima De Triomphe. Frankel began his two-year-old career on 13 August in
11040-712: The small number of inhabitants of the area at the time, the Kentucky Bend is the result of a surveying error, not the New Madrid earthquake. Kentucky can be divided into five primary regions: the Cumberland Plateau in the east, which is wholly underlain by coal and constitutes the Eastern Coal Field; the north-central Bluegrass region , where the major cities and the capital are located; the south-central and western Pennyroyal Plateau (a Mississippian-age plateau that
11160-410: The southeast of the state having an oceanic climate ( Cfb ). Temperatures in Kentucky usually range from daytime summer highs of 87 °F (31 °C) to the winter low of 23 °F (−5 °C). The average precipitation is 46 inches (1,200 mm) a year. Kentucky has four distinct seasons, with substantial variations in the severity of summer and winter. The state's highest recorded temperature
11280-553: The state capital. After the expulsion of Confederate forces after the Battle of Perryville, this government operated in-exile. Though it existed throughout the war, Kentucky's provisional government only had governing authority in areas of Kentucky under direct Confederate control and had very little effect on the events in the Commonwealth or in the war once they were driven out of the state. Kentucky remained officially "neutral" throughout
11400-487: The state. The northern parts tend to be about five degrees cooler than those in the western parts of the state. Somerset in the south-central part receives ten more inches of rain per year than Covington to the north. Average temperatures for the entire state range from the low 30s in January to the high 80s in mid-July. The annual average temperature varies from 55 to 60 °F (13 to 16 °C): of 55 °F (13 °C) in
11520-551: The time made up a little over half the territory of the Commonwealth to the Russellville Convention in 1861, and were occupied and governed by the Confederacy at some point in the duration of the war, and Kentucky had full representation within the Confederate Government. Although Confederate forces briefly controlled Frankfort, they were expelled by Union forces before a Confederate government could be installed in
11640-587: The tributes paid to Cecil's training of the horse was an article by Paul Hayward , chief sports writer of the Daily Telegraph , in which he wrote: "Frankel is Cecil's masterwork, the monument he will leave in racing folklore. His patient, shrewd, empathic management of probably Flat racing's all-time finest animal was achieved amid the ravages of chemotherapy and cancer ... From the 2,000 Guineas onwards, Cecil set about modulating Frankel's zest to get him to settle and use his speed more clinically ... It took
11760-1005: The war due to the Southern Unionists sympathies of a majority of the Commonwealth's citizens who were split between the struggle of Kentucky's sister Southern States fully in the Confederate States of America and a continued loyalty to the Unionist cause that was prevalent in other areas of the South such as in East Tennessee, West Virginia, Western North Carolina, and others. Despite this, some 21st-century Kentuckians observe Confederate Memorial Day on Confederate leader Jefferson Davis ' birthday, June 3, and participate in Confederate battle re-enactments. Both Davis and U.S. president Abraham Lincoln were born in Kentucky. John C. Breckinridge ,
11880-483: The west, Illinois to the northwest, and Indiana and Ohio to the north. Only Missouri and Tennessee, both of which border eight states, touch more. Kentucky's northern border is formed by the north shore of the Ohio River and its western border by the Mississippi River ; however, the official border is based on the courses of the rivers as they existed when Kentucky became a state in 1792. For instance, northbound travelers on U.S. 41 from Henderson, after crossing
12000-554: The winter of 1997, the Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources began to re-stock elk in the state's eastern counties, which had been extirpated from the area for over 150 years. As of 2009 , the herd had reached the project goal of 10,000 animals, making it the largest herd east of the Mississippi River . The state stocked wild turkeys in the 1950s, after reportedly having fewer than 900. Once nearly extinct, wild turkeys thrive throughout Kentucky. Hunters reported
12120-460: The year Oatsee. Of those, 126 were scanned as in foal for a fertility rate of 95 percent. On 16 June 2014, Frankel's first foal to be sent to auction was sold for £1.15 million. Frankel's first runner on a racecourse was a bay colt named Cunco who won on his debut in a Newbury maiden on Friday, 13 May 2016. Cunco was also Frankel's first-born foal, born in Ireland at the Coolmore Stud , and
12240-641: The years won a variety of awards related to horse racing. In the United States this includes 16 Eclipse Awards to date, which includes the Top Breeder Award in 1995, 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2009, as well as the Top Owner Award in 1992, 2003, 2016 and 2017. In 2003, they had a win at the Belmont Stakes , with Empire Maker and also had wins in the Breeders' Cup Filly & Mare Turf in 2001, 2005 and 2009 with Banks Hill, Intercontinental and Midday. They won
12360-568: Was 114 °F (46 °C) in Greensburg on July 28, 1930, while its lowest recorded temperature was −37 °F (−38 °C) in Shelbyville on January 19, 1994 . The state seldom experiences the extreme cold of far northern states or the high heat of the states in the Deep South ; temperatures rarely drop below zero degrees Fahrenheit or rise above 100 degrees. Rain and snowfall averages about 45 inches per year. The climate varies markedly within
12480-567: Was abandoned during the conflict period of Dunmore's War, and resettled in March 1775, becoming the first permanent European settlement in Kentucky. It was followed within months by Boone's Station, Logan's Fort and Lexington before Kentucky was organized. This period was the time of Daniel Boone's legendary expeditions starting in 1767 through the Cumberland Gap and down the Kentucky River to reach
12600-519: Was billed as "The Duel on the Downs " and was viewed by many as the most eagerly awaited confrontation in years. Frankel scored a five-length victory over the world's top-rated older miler and five-time consecutive Group 1 winner Canford Cliffs on 27 July at Goodwood. In a moderately run and tactical affair, Frankel made all the running to beat the horse who had accounted for three-time Breeders' Cup Mile winner Goldikova in his previous race. Canford Cliffs
12720-420: Was found to have a shadow on his pastern, which could cause serious damage if exacerbated. Thus, he was retired on veterinary advice directly after the race. Frankel received many accolades following his victory. His trainer said: "I think it's a facetious thing to say, but he's the best I've ever seen. I suppose the only ones I could compare would be Shergar and Blushing Groom at his best. I can't go back to
12840-1081: Was in 1980 when Known Fact won the 2,000 Guineas , the first win in that 200-year-old event for any Arab racing owner. In Europe, Juddmonte currently stands at stud the stallions Bated Breath, Expert Eye , Frankel , Kingman and Oasis Dream . In the United States, Juddmonte's stallions are Elite Power and Mandaloun following the death of the prominent Arrogate at age 7. A number of homebreds have won major races both in Flat and National Hunt racing after leaving Juddmonte. These include Wicklow Brave, son of Beat Hollow (Vincent O'Brien County Hurdle, The Punchestown Champion Hurdle and Irish St Leger); Prohibit, son of Oasis Dream (King's Stand Stakes); Brian Boru, son of broodmare Eva Luna (Racing Post Trophy and British St Leger); Powerscourt, son of broodmare Rainbow Lake (Tattersalls Gold Cup and Arlington Millions); Foreteller, son of Dansili (Australian Ranvet Stakes, Makybe Diva Stakes and Underwood Stakes) and Harlem, son of Champs Elysees (Australian Cup). Juddmonte Farms has over
12960-518: Was in the St James's Palace Stakes at Royal Ascot on 14 June. In the race, the pacemaker, Rerouted, set a furious pace and opened up a sizeable lead by half-way. Frankel was then asked by his jockey to go after the leader and passed Rerouted shortly after the three-furlong marker, going on to open up a lead of six lengths on the rest of the field with two furlongs to go. However, in the final furlong, 20-1 shot Zoffany began to make up significant ground and Frankel eventually only won by three-quarters of
13080-547: Was indicted as a co-conspirator in Goebel's assassination . Goebel is the only governor of a U.S. state to have been assassinated while in office. The Black Patch Tobacco Wars , a vigilante action, occurred in Western Kentucky in the early 20th century. As a result of the tobacco industry monopoly, tobacco farmers in the area were forced to sell their crops at prices that were too low. Many local farmers and activists united in
13200-438: Was just brilliant and totally deserved." Queally said: "You never see an F1 car win on anything but tarmac but for him to win on ground like that shows how special he is. There was a bigger crowd at Royal Ascot but this was more intense. I don't know what I would have done if he didn't win." Cecil commented: "He's the best I've ever had, the best I've ever seen. I'd be very surprised if there's ever been anything better." Amongst
13320-587: Was larger than the state of Kentucky today, encompassing most of today's West Virginia and (vaguely) part of southwestern Pennsylvania. Notable expeditions were Batts and Fallam 1671, Needham and Arthur 1673. Dr. Thomas Walker and surveyor Christopher Gist surveyed the area now known as Kentucky in 1750 and 1751. As more settlers entered the area, warfare broke out with the Native Americans over their traditional hunting grounds. June 16, 1774, James Harrod founded Harrod's Town (modern Harrodsburg). The settlement
13440-612: Was mortally wounded by an assassin while walking to the State Capitol in downtown Frankfort. Goebel was contesting the Kentucky gubernatorial election of 1899 , which William S. Taylor was initially believed to have won. For several months, J. C. W. Beckham , Goebel's running mate, and Taylor fought over who was the legal governor until the Supreme Court of the United States ruled in May in favor of Beckham. After fleeing to Indiana , Taylor
13560-723: Was out of Chrysanthemum, who was the first mare scanned in foal to Frankel. Frankel's first major winners came in the summer of 2016 as Fair Eva won the Princess Margaret Stakes and Queen Kindly took the Lowther Stakes . In December, he had his first winner at the highest level when his daughter Soul Stirring won the Grade 1 Hanshin Juvenile Fillies . In 2017, Soul Stirring won the Yushun Himba . Frankel sired his first winner of
13680-505: Was speculation that there might be a change to his programme, with his final race being the twelve furlong (mile and a half) Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe at Longchamp in October. However, on 31 August Lord Grimthorpe said that Frankel's next race would be the Champion Stakes. On 20 October Frankel won the Champion Stakes at Ascot over ten furlongs. The ground was more testing than he had faced hitherto, being soft, heavy in places, and
13800-462: Was still just behind Dancing Brave 's all-time record mark of 141. Racing Post gave the performance a rating of 142, the highest in the publication's history, three pounds ahead of Dubai Millennium . The day after the race, Cecil said that Frankel had lost a shoe towards the end of the contest. "His foot is in a poultice as a precaution but there's no problem and he was out having a pick of grass this morning", he said. Cecil seemed to indicate that
13920-423: Was the leading sire in Great Britain and Ireland in 2021. Frankel is a bay horse with a large white star , a white snip just above his nose, and four white feet. He was bred by Juddmonte Farms and trained by Cecil, and was owned by the late Khalid Abdullah . He is named after the renowned and late American trainer Bobby Frankel . Frankel is by champion sire Galileo , out of Listed sprint-winner Kind who
14040-476: Was the dominance Frankel's very high cruising speed gave him, particularly now upped in distance to 10 furlongs. Indeed, TV footage of the aftermath in the Winners' Enclosure, shows Cecil in genuine awe of his equine protégé, running his hands down the horse's back to demonstrate there was hardly a bead of sweat to be found. This was his eighth consecutive European Group 1 victory, breaking the previous record of seven in
14160-399: Was very impressive. He has been ticking all the right boxes. In the last two months he has started to really improve, improve and improve". Frankel's final start of the year was the Dewhurst Stakes at Newmarket on 16 October, his first race at Group 1 level. The race – billed as the two-year-old race of the century – also featured two other unbeaten colts; Dream Ahead , 9-length winner of
14280-401: Was withdrawn before the start) and he started at odds of 1/2. Queally tracked the leader Diamond Geezah before moving Frankel to the front a furlong from the finish. The horse accelerated past his opponents and drew away to win by thirteen lengths from subsequent Prix Marcel Boussac third Rainbow Springs in impressive style. On 25 September, Frankel tackled Group company for the first time in
14400-461: Was won in 1993. Four times, at the end of 2011, 2012 and 2016, a Juddmonte Farms horse has led the IFHA World's Best Racehorse rankings : Frankel in 2011–12 and Arrogate in 2016–17. Juddmonte's regular trainers in Britain include Roger Charlton , Charlie Hills, John and Thady Gosden , and Michael Stoute . In 2016, Ralph Beckett and Hugo Palmer became trainers for Juddmonte in Britain following
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