30-644: Juan Luna Building (also known as the Juan Luna Plaza ) is a historic building located in Binondo , Manila , Philippines . It was also known as the Pacific Commercial Company Building, First National City Bank Building, and the Ayala Building. The Juan Luna Building was built as the Pacific Commercial Company Building in the 1920s. The construction of the building was finished by July 1922 and
60-444: A Catholic and wholeheartedly do accept death for God; had I a thousand lives, all these to Him shall I offer.") After his death his body was cremated. His ashes were then thrown into the sea of Nagasaki to prevent other Christians from gathering his sacred relics. The positio for the cause of beatification of Lorenzo Ruiz was written by Spanish historian Fidel Villarroel . The central document found to exhibit Ruiz's martyrdom
90-583: A Chinese father and a Filipino mother who were both Catholic . His father taught him Chinese while his mother taught him Tagalog . Lorenzo served as an altar boy at the Binondo Church. After being educated by the Dominican friars for a few years, Lorenzo earned the title of escribano ( scrivener ) because of his skillful penmanship . He became a member of the Cofradía del Santísimo Rosario ( Confraternity of
120-424: A Chinese revolt took place led by Juan Suntay, a wealthy Chinese Catholic. It was put down by joint Spanish and Filipino forces led by Luis Pérez Dasmariñas . In the aftermath most of the 20,000 Chinese that composed the colony were killed. The revolt took place right after a visit to Manila by three official Chinese representatives who disclosed they were searching for "a mountain of gold". This strange claim prompted
150-924: A Japanese priest, Vicente Shiwozuka de la Cruz ; and a lay leper Lázaro of Kyoto . Lorenzo and his companions sailed for Okinawa on 10 June 1636, with the aid of the Dominican fathers. The Tokugawa Shogunate was persecuting Christians because they feared that the Spanish invaded the Philippines through using religion by the time Lorenzo had arrived in Japan. The missionaries were arrested and thrown into prison, and after two years, they were transferred to Nagasaki to face trial by torture . The group endured many and various cruel methods of torture. On 27 September 1637, Lorenzo and his companions were taken to Nishizaka Hill, where they were tortured by being hung upside-down over
180-577: A frontage of 43 meters (141 ft) on General Luna Street and 46 meters (151 ft) on Muelle de la Industria, along the Pasig River . The building derived its design from the trademark architectural features set by the International Banking Corporation of New York for its overseas branches. The bank's prototype was made up of a row of colossal columns in antis, which was faithfully reproduced for its Manila headquarters. The ground floor
210-646: A midpoint in between Parián (modern-day Arroceros Urban Forest Park ) and San Nicolas , since way before the Spanish conquest of Manila in the Battle of Manila (1570) , a Sangley Chinese community had already settled in Baybay (former name of San Nicolas, Manila ) near Tondo on the north bank of the Pasig river directly on Binondo's west. The Spanish Dominican fathers made Binondo their parish and succeeded in converting many of
240-670: A pit. He died two days later on 29 September 1637, aged 42. This form of torture was known as tsurushi in Japanese or horca y hoya (" gallows and pit") in Spanish. The method, alleged to have been extremely painful, had the victim bound; one hand was always left free so that the individual may signal their desire to recant, leading to their release. Despite his suffering, Lorenzo refused to renounce Christianity and died from eventual blood loss and suffocation. His last words were: Ego Catholicus sum et animo prompto paratoque pro Deo mortem obibo. Si mille vitas haberem, cunctas ei offerrem. ("I am
270-615: A sham . Binondo became the main center for business and finance in Manila for the ethnic Chinese, Chinese mestizos and Spanish Filipinos. During the Spanish colonial period, many esteros (canals) were constructed in the Binondo area, from where they entered the Pasig River . Among the many who married at the historic Binondo Church was Andres Bonifacio in 1895, who became a hero of the Philippine Revolution . Before World War II , Binondo
300-459: The 16 Martyrs of Japan , making him the first Filipino saint. Ruiz' canonization was supported by a miracle in October 1983, when Cecilia Alegria Policarpio of Calinog, Iloilo , was cured of brain atrophy ( hydrocephalus ) at the age of two, after her family and supporters prayed to Lorenzo for his intercession. She was diagnosed with the condition shortly after birth and was treated at University of
330-724: The East Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Medical Center. A mosaic of San Lorenzo is found in the Trinity Dome of Mary's National Shrine in Washington DC. On September 28, 2017, the 30th anniversary of Lorenzo's canonization was celebrated in the Archdiocese of Manila . Lorenzo Ruiz is included in American painter John Nava 's Communion of Saints Tapestries , a depiction of 135 saints and blessed which hangs inside
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#1732894842374360-848: The Filipino protomartyr , and Venerable Mother Ignacia del Espiritu Santo , founder of the Congregation of the Religious of the Virgin Mary . Numerous theories on the origin of the name "Binondo", and that of "Tondo", its neighboring district, have been put forward. Philippine National Artist Nick Joaquin suggested that the names might have been derived from the archaic spelling of the Tagalog term " binondoc " (modern orthography: binundók ), or mountainous, referring to Binondo's originally hilly terrain. French linguist Jean-Paul Potet, however, has suggested that
390-473: The Most Holy Rosary ). He married Rosario, a native, and they had two sons and a daughter. The Ruiz family led a generally peaceful, religious and content life. In 1636, while working as a clerk for the Binondo Church, Lorenzo was falsely accused of killing a Spaniard . Lorenzo sought asylum on board a ship with three Dominican priests: Antonio Gonzalez , Guillermo Courtet , and Miguel de Aozaraza ;
420-529: The Spanish to conclude that there was an imminent invasion from China in the making. At the time the local Chinese outnumbered the Spaniards by twenty to one, and Spanish authorities feared that they would join the invading forces. The Chinese afterward played down those events in an attempt to preserve their commercial interests. In 1605, a Fukien official issued a letter claiming that the Chinese who had participated in
450-479: The agency stated that no historical documents were burnt since it keeps these in their offices in Paco and Ermita . The five-storey Juan Luna Building was designed by American architects Murphy, McGill and Hamlin of New York City and Shanghai , and was completed at a cost of two million pesos. Occupying about 1,800 square meters (19,000 sq ft) of an irregularly shaped corner lot adjacent to El Hogar , it has
480-414: The financial crisis of the early 1980s under the presidency of Ferdinand Marcos , it had the moniker "Binondo Central Bank", as the local Chinese businessmen engaged in massive black market trading of US dollars, which often determined the national peso-dollar exchange rate. Given its rich historical and financial significance, Binondo is said to have one of the highest land values nationwide. The Binondo
510-520: The fourth floor of the Juan Luna Building were affected by the fire. The 150 Plaza Cervantes building and the Moraga Mansion were also affected by the fire which was put out around 4:00 PM The incident is suspected to be caused by arson due to the timing of the start of the fire. The National Archives of the Philippines office hosted in the Juan Luna Building was affected by the fire although
540-488: The residents to Catholicism. Binondo soon became the place where Chinese immigrants converted to Catholicism, intermarried with indigenous Filipino women and had children, who became the Chinese mestizo community. Over the years, the Chinese mestizo population of Binondo grew rapidly. This was caused mainly because the lack of Chinese immigrant females and the Spanish officials' policy of expelling or killing (in conflicts) Chinese immigrants who refused to convert. In 1603,
570-549: The revolt were unworthy of China's protection, describing them as "deserters of the tombs of their ancestors". During the brief British occupation of Manila , between 1762 and 1764, Binondo was damaged during the capture of the city . The new governor of Manila, Dawsonne Drake , formed a war council which he termed the " Chottry Court". Drake imprisoned several Manilans on charges known "only known to himself", according Captain Thomas Backhouse, who denounced Drake's court as
600-452: The river mangrove ( Aegiceras corniculatum ), which at the time was called "tundok" ("tinduk-tindukan" today), is the most likely origin of the term, with the 'Bi-" prefix in "Binondo" indicating Binondo's location relative to Tondo. Founded in 1594, Binondo was created by Spanish Governor Luis Pérez Dasmariñas as a permanent settlement for Chinese immigrants (the Spanish called the Chinese sangleys ) who converted to Catholicism . It
630-491: The world, established in 1594 by the Spaniards as a settlement near Intramuros but across the Pasig River for Catholic Chinese; it was positioned so that the colonial administration could keep a close eye on their migrant subjects. It was already a hub of Chinese commerce even before the Spanish colonial period. Binondo is the center of commerce and trade of Manila , where all types of business run by Chinese Filipinos thrive. Noted residents include Saint Lorenzo Ruiz ,
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#1732894842374660-649: Was a Filipino Catholic layman and a member of the Third Order of Saint Dominic . A Chinese Filipino , he became his country's protomartyr after his execution in Japan by the Tokugawa shogunate during its persecution of Japanese Christians in the 17th century. Lorenzo Ruiz is the patron saint of, among others, the Philippines and the Filipino people. Lorenzo Ruiz was born in Binondo , Manila , on 28 November 1594, to
690-452: Was across the river from the walled city of Intramuros , where the Spaniards resided. Originally it was intended to replace the Parian near Intramuros, where Sangley Chinese merchants and artisans were first confined. The Spanish gave a land grant for Binondo to a group of Chinese merchants and artisans in perpetuity, tax-free and with limited self-governing privileges. The area also served as
720-662: Was an eyewitness account by two Japanese ex-priests from the Society of Jesus , rediscovered by Villaroel at the Jesuit Generalate archive in Rome , an unlikely location as Ruiz was of the Dominican order. Lorenzo was beatified during Pope John Paul II 's papal visit to the Philippines in 1981. It was the first ever beatification ceremony to be held outside the Vatican . Lorenzo was canonised by Pope John Paul II on October 18, 1987, among
750-450: Was fully rusticated to effect a textured finish. This floor had arched openings with fanlights emphasized by stones forming the arch. The main doors were adorned with lintels resting on consoles. Above the ground floor were six three-storey high, engaged Ionic columns, ending in an entablature topped by a cornice. These six columns dominating the south and west facades were, in turn, flanked by a pair of pilasters on both fronts. The fifth floor
780-450: Was inaugurated November 13, 1922. The building was later bought by Enrique Zobel and was known as the "Ayala Building" from 1940 to 1959. The LBC Properties Inc. led a renovation of the building in 2007. The First National City Bank also occupied the building. In 2009, the building was bought by businessman Carlos Araneta who planned to the building to host a business process outsourcing company. The building underwent renovation in 2012 and
810-503: Was meant to be named as the Juan Luna e-Services Building. The facade of the building was preserved However lack of investors hindered Araneta's plan and the Juan Luna Building was purposed as a mixed-used building that also serves as a living museum Past midnight of May 28, 2018, a fire broke out at the nearby Land Management Bureau Building. By 8:00 AM (PST +8:00), the fire has reached the Juan Luna Building. The third floor and portions of
840-744: Was plot setting for the episode "Mata" and "Mukha" of the 2010 horror film Cinco . The most populated barangay in Binondo is Barangay 293. Zone 27 : 287, 288, 289, 290, 291 Zone 28 : 292, 293, 294, 295, 296 Binondo was mentioned several times in the novels of Dr. José Rizal , for example, in Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo . 14°36′00″N 120°58′01″E / 14.600°N 120.967°E / 14.600; 120.967 Saint Lorenzo Ruiz Lorenzo Ruiz ( Filipino : Lorenzo Ruiz ng Maynila ; Chinese: 李樂倫 ; Spanish: Lorenzo Ruiz de Manila ; November 28, 1594 – September 29, 1637), also called Saint Lorenzo of Manila ,
870-454: Was slightly indented and also topped by an entablature crowned by strip of anthemion. Binondo Binondo ( Chinese : 岷倫洛 ; pinyin : Mínlúnluò ; Pe̍h-ōe-jī : Bîn-lûn-lo̍h ) is a district in Manila and is referred to as the city's Chinatown . Its influence extends beyond to the places of Quiapo , Santa Cruz , San Nicolas and Tondo . It is the oldest Chinatown in
900-483: Was the center of a banking and financial community which included insurance companies, commercial banks and other financial institutions from Britain and the United States. These banks were located mostly along Escólta , which used to be called the "Wall Street of the Philippines". After the war and new development, most businesses began to relocate to the newer Zobel de Ayala family -led area of Makati . During
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